JPH0362484A - Gas-filled discharge tube for high voltage switch element - Google Patents
Gas-filled discharge tube for high voltage switch elementInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0362484A JPH0362484A JP19785089A JP19785089A JPH0362484A JP H0362484 A JPH0362484 A JP H0362484A JP 19785089 A JP19785089 A JP 19785089A JP 19785089 A JP19785089 A JP 19785089A JP H0362484 A JPH0362484 A JP H0362484A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- discharge
- electrodes
- gas
- high voltage
- envelope
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 34
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Gas-Filled Discharge Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は高電圧で放電させる高電圧スイッチ素子用ガス
入り放電管に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a gas-filled discharge tube for a high-voltage switch element that discharges at a high voltage.
（従来の技術）
ガス入り放電管は電子機器をサージから保護する避***
等に用いられる。第３図は避***に用いられるガス入り
放電管の従来例を示す。図で１および２はライン電極、
３ａ、３ｂは放電電極、４は外囲器である。ライン電極
３ａ、３ｂは放電管内に不活性ガスを封入して外囲器４
の端面に気密にろう付けされる。(Prior Art) Gas-filled discharge tubes are used in lightning arresters and the like to protect electronic equipment from surges. FIG. 3 shows a conventional example of a gas-filled discharge tube used in a lightning arrester. In the figure, 1 and 2 are line electrodes,
3a and 3b are discharge electrodes, and 4 is an envelope. The line electrodes 3a and 3b are formed by filling an inert gas inside the discharge tube and forming an envelope 4.
is hermetically brazed to the end face of the
ガス入り放電管は放電電極の電極間間隔あるいは封入ガ
ス圧等を変えることによって放電電圧を変えることがで
きるが、たとえば避***として用いる場合、放電開始電
圧４００ｖ程度を得るためには。The discharge voltage of a gas-filled discharge tube can be changed by changing the distance between the discharge electrodes or the pressure of the gas sealed in the discharge tube. For example, when used as a lightning arrester, a discharge starting voltage of about 400 V can be obtained.
放電電極の電極間間隔を１ｍｍ 、外囲器内壁面と放電
電極外壁面との間隔を１ｍｍ 、封入ガス圧をアルゴン
ガス２５０ｍｍ１１ｇ程度としている。The interval between the electrodes of the discharge electrodes was 1 mm, the interval between the inner wall surface of the envelope and the outer wall surface of the discharge electrode was 1 mm, and the pressure of the filled gas was approximately 250 mm and 11 g of argon gas.
ガス入り放電管は放電電極の電極間間隔を大きくし封入
ガス圧を高くしていくと放電電圧を１０ｋＶ程度以上に
することができるが、このような、高電圧での放電電圧
を利用して、高電圧でスイッチングするスイッチ素子と
して利用することが可能になる。In a gas-filled discharge tube, the discharge voltage can be increased to about 10 kV or more by increasing the gap between the discharge electrodes and increasing the pressure of the gas filled in. , it becomes possible to use it as a switching element that switches at high voltage.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
上記のようにガス入り放電管を高電圧で作動するスイッ
チ素子として用いる場合は、高電圧下で安定的に放電さ
せる必要があるが、１０ｋＶ〜２０ｋＶもの高電圧で放
電するガス入り放電管を設計する場合は、従来の低電圧
用のガス入り放電管を設計する場合とは異なる新たな問
題点が生じる。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) When using a gas-filled discharge tube as a switch element that operates at high voltage as described above, it is necessary to stably discharge under high voltage. When designing a gas-filled discharge tube that discharges at low voltage, new problems arise that are different from those when designing a conventional low-voltage gas-filled discharge tube.
すなわち、ガス入り放電管の放電開始電圧を高くするた
めには、−殻内には放電電極の電極間間隔を大きくし、
電離電圧の高いガスを高圧で封入する。しかし、電極間
間隔を大きくすると放電維持電圧（Ｖｄ）が高くなりエ
ネルギーロスが大きくなり、また電離電圧の高いガスを
使用した場合も同様にエネルギーロスが大きくなって安
定に放電させることができないことから、高電圧でも安
定的に放電させるためには、電極間間隔をある程度以下
に限定するとともに、外囲器の内壁にそって放電する現
象（沿面放電）をなくすようにしなければならない。That is, in order to increase the discharge starting voltage of a gas-filled discharge tube, - the distance between the discharge electrodes in the shell should be increased;
Enclose gas with high ionization voltage at high pressure. However, increasing the distance between the electrodes increases the discharge sustaining voltage (Vd) and increases energy loss, and if a gas with a high ionization voltage is used, the energy loss also increases, making it impossible to discharge stably. Therefore, in order to discharge stably even at high voltages, it is necessary to limit the distance between the electrodes to a certain level or less, and to eliminate the phenomenon of discharge along the inner wall of the envelope (creeping discharge).
すなわち、低電圧で使用するガス入り放電管では、電極
間間隔を小さくして放電開始電圧を下げると共に沿面放
電をおきやすくしてサージを回避しやすくしているが、
高電圧用のガス入り放電管では、放電電極の電極間間隔
、電極形状等を適切に設計して所定の放電開始電圧が得
られるようにしなければならない。In other words, in gas-filled discharge tubes used at low voltages, the spacing between the electrodes is made smaller to lower the discharge starting voltage and to make it easier to generate creeping discharge to avoid surges.
In a gas-filled discharge tube for high voltage use, the spacing between the discharge electrodes, the shape of the electrodes, etc. must be appropriately designed so that a predetermined discharge starting voltage can be obtained.
そこで、本発明者は放電電極サイズ等について実験を行
い、１０ｋＶ〜２０ｋＶ程度の高電圧で放電させるガス
入り放電管に対して好適なサイズ形状を得たものである
。すなわち、本発明の目的とするところは、高い放電開
始電圧を得ることができ、高電圧のスイッチ素子として
効果的に利用することのできる高電圧スイッチ素子用ガ
ス入り放電管を提供するところにある。Therefore, the present inventor conducted experiments regarding the discharge electrode size, etc., and obtained a size and shape suitable for a gas-filled discharge tube that discharges at a high voltage of about 10 kV to 20 kV. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a gas-filled discharge tube for a high-voltage switch element that can obtain a high discharge starting voltage and can be effectively used as a high-voltage switch element. .
（課題を解決するための手段） 本発明は上記目的を達成するため次の構成をそなえる。(Means for solving problems) The present invention has the following configuration to achieve the above object.
すなわち、内部に高圧力でガスを封入して、筒状の外囲
器の両端にライン電極を気密にろう付けすると共に、ラ
イン電極のフランジの中央部がら外囲器内で向かい合わ
せに円柱状の放電電極を突設し、１０ｋＶ以上の放電開
始電圧で放電させる高電圧スイッチ素子用ガス入り放電
管であって、前記放電電極の半径ｄ、放電電極の電極間
間隔Ｄ、放電電極の外壁面と外囲器の内壁面との間隔Ｄ
′が、式ｄ ＜Ｄ≦Ｄ′をみたすことを特徴とする。That is, gas is sealed inside the envelope under high pressure, and the line electrodes are airtightly brazed to both ends of a cylindrical envelope, and the central part of the flange of the line electrode is placed in a cylindrical shape facing each other inside the envelope. A gas-filled discharge tube for a high-voltage switch element, which has a protruding discharge electrode and discharges at a discharge starting voltage of 10 kV or more, the radius d of the discharge electrode, the inter-electrode spacing D of the discharge electrode, and the outer wall surface of the discharge electrode. Distance D between and the inner wall surface of the envelope
' satisfies the formula d<D≦D'.
（作用）
前記放電電極の半径をｄ、放電電極の電極間間隔をＤ、
放電電極の外壁面と外囲器の内壁面との間隔をＤ′とし
たとき、式ｄ ＜Ｄ≦Ｄ′は放電電極の電極間間隔を放
電電極の半径よりも大きくすること、および放電電極の
外壁面と外囲器の内壁面との間隔を電極間間隔に等しい
か電極間間隔よりも大きくすることを意味する。ガス入
り放電管はこの条件を満たすことによって、高電圧領域
において沿面放電を発生させなくすることができる。(Function) The radius of the discharge electrode is d, the interval between the discharge electrodes is D,
When the distance between the outer wall surface of the discharge electrode and the inner wall surface of the envelope is D', the formula d <D≦D' means that the distance between the discharge electrodes is larger than the radius of the discharge electrode, and the distance between the discharge electrodes is larger than the radius of the discharge electrode. This means that the distance between the outer wall surface of the envelope and the inner wall surface of the envelope is equal to or larger than the distance between the electrodes. By satisfying this condition, the gas-filled discharge tube can prevent creeping discharge from occurring in a high voltage region.
（実施例）
以下本発明の好適な実施例を添付図面に基づいて詳細に
説明する。(Embodiments) Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
第１図は、本発明に係る高電圧スイッチ素子用放電管の
一実施例を示す断面図である。図で１０および１２はラ
イン電極で、それぞれフランジの中央部から小円柱状の
放電電極１０ａ、１２ａを向かい合わせに突出させて成
る。放電電極１０ａ、１２ａの頂部周縁部は角丸に形成
される。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a discharge tube for a high voltage switch element according to the present invention. In the figure, reference numerals 10 and 12 are line electrodes, each consisting of small cylindrical discharge electrodes 10a and 12a protruding from the center of a flange facing each other. The top peripheral edges of the discharge electrodes 10a, 12a are formed with rounded corners.
１４はライン電極１０および１２のフランジの外径と同
サイズのセラミック筒体からなる外囲器である。外囲器
１４の両端面には上記電極１０および１２のフランジが
気密にろう付けされる。この外囲器１４および電極１０
．１２によって密封された放電管内にはクリプトンガス
が封入されている。Reference numeral 14 denotes an envelope made of a ceramic cylinder having the same size as the outer diameter of the flanges of the line electrodes 10 and 12. The flanges of the electrodes 10 and 12 are hermetically brazed to both end faces of the envelope 14. This envelope 14 and electrode 10
．． Krypton gas is sealed in the discharge tube sealed by 12.
１６は外囲器１４の内壁面に設けたトリガ線である。こ
のトリガ線１６は放電開始の初回の放電を誘発させるた
めに設けるもので、ライン電極１０．１２の一方のフラ
ンジから他方のライン電極に向けてカーボン等を細線状
に設ける。トリガ線１６の引き伸ばした先端は放電電極
１０ａ、１２ａの頂部付近で止める。16 is a trigger wire provided on the inner wall surface of the envelope 14. This trigger wire 16 is provided to induce the initial discharge, and is provided in the form of a thin line of carbon or the like from one flange of the line electrode 10.12 to the other line electrode. The stretched tip of the trigger wire 16 is stopped near the tops of the discharge electrodes 10a, 12a.
実施例のガス入り放電管は放電開始電圧を２０ｋＶとす
るため、放電電極１０ａ、１２ａの電極間間隔を３ｍｍ
クリプトンガスの封入圧力を１５ｋｇ／ｃｍ’にしてい
る。外囲器１４の内径は１１．５ｍｍである。In order to set the discharge starting voltage to 20 kV in the gas-filled discharge tube of the example, the distance between the discharge electrodes 10a and 12a was set to 3 mm.
The pressure of krypton gas sealed is 15 kg/cm'. The inner diameter of the envelope 14 is 11.5 mm.
なお、用いる不活性ガスとしてはクリプトンガスの他ア
ルゴンガスや他のガスでもよく、これらの混合ガスでも
よい。The inert gas used may be krypton gas, argon gas or other gases, or a mixture thereof.
ガス入り放電管の放電開始電圧を高くするためには前述
したように、放電電極１０ａ、１２ａの電極間間隔を大
きくし、封入ガス圧力を高める必要があるが、同時に放
電電極１０ａ、１２ａの電極間間隔および放電電極１０
ａ、１２ａの外壁面と外囲器１４の内壁面との間隔、放
電電極の径サイズ等を適当に設定する必要がある。As mentioned above, in order to increase the discharge starting voltage of a gas-filled discharge tube, it is necessary to increase the gap between the discharge electrodes 10a and 12a and increase the pressure of the sealed gas. spacing and discharge electrode 10
It is necessary to appropriately set the distance between the outer wall surface of a and 12a and the inner wall surface of the envelope 14, the diameter size of the discharge electrode, etc.
これらの関係で最適な関係を知るため、放電電極の径サ
イズを変えて沿面放電が発生する率を観察した。なお、
第１図に示すように、放電電極の電極間間隔をＤ、放電
電極の半径をｄ、放電電極と外囲器の内壁面との距離を
Ｄ′とする。In order to find out the optimal relationship among these relationships, we observed the rate at which creeping discharge occurred while changing the diameter size of the discharge electrode. In addition,
As shown in FIG. 1, the distance between the discharge electrodes is D, the radius of the discharge electrode is d, and the distance between the discharge electrode and the inner wall surface of the envelope is D'.
実験は電極間間隔Ｄ＝３ｍｍ、外囲器の内径サイズを１
１．５ｍｍの一定値に設定し、放電電極の径サイズを変
えたときの沿面放電発生頻度を測定した。In the experiment, the distance between the electrodes was D = 3 mm, and the inner diameter of the envelope was 1.
The frequency of occurrence of creeping discharge was measured when the diameter of the discharge electrode was changed by setting it to a constant value of 1.5 mm.
放電管内にはクリプトンガスを１５ｋｇ／ ｃｍ’で封
入し、２０ｋＶの放電電圧で所定周期でくり返し放電さ
せて沿面放電が発生したかどうかみた。沿面放電が発生
したかどうかは、沿面放電が発生した場合には放電電圧
が２０ｋＶにまで上昇しないことによって知ることがで
きる。Krypton gas was sealed in the discharge tube at 15 kg/cm', and the discharge was repeated at a predetermined period at a discharge voltage of 20 kV to see if creeping discharge occurred. Whether creeping discharge has occurred can be determined by the fact that the discharge voltage does not rise to 20 kV when creeping discharge occurs.
第２図（ａ）に示すグラフの縦軸は沿面放電発生頻度を
パーセント表示したもので、横軸は放電電極の半径ｄを
示す。グラフから、ｄ ＝４．５ｍｍ、４．０ｍｍの場
合は１００Ｘ沿面放電が発生し、放電電極が細径になる
にしたがって沿面放電が減少することがわかる。とくに
、ｄ ＝２．５ｍｍの場合は沿面放電の発生率はＯであ
った。The vertical axis of the graph shown in FIG. 2(a) represents the creeping discharge occurrence frequency expressed as a percentage, and the horizontal axis represents the radius d of the discharge electrode. The graph shows that 100X creeping discharge occurs when d = 4.5 mm and 4.0 mm, and that the creeping discharge decreases as the discharge electrode becomes smaller in diameter. In particular, when d = 2.5 mm, the incidence of creeping discharge was O.
第２図（ｂ）は沿面放電発生頻度を横軸に放電電極の外
壁面と外囲器の内壁面との間隔Ｄ′をとって表示したも
ので、第２図（ａ）と対応してＤ ’ ＝３．０ｍｍ、
３、２５ｍｍになると、沿面放電の発生頻度がきわめて
低くなることがわかる。Fig. 2(b) shows the creeping discharge occurrence frequency plotted against the horizontal axis and the distance D' between the outer wall surface of the discharge electrode and the inner wall surface of the envelope, and corresponds to Fig. 2(a). D'=3.0mm,
It can be seen that when the distance is 3.25 mm, the frequency of occurrence of creeping discharge becomes extremely low.
上記の実験結果は、放電電極の外壁面と外囲器の内壁面
との間隔Ｄ′をかなりあけることによって沿面放電を防
止することができることを示すもので、実用範囲として
は、Ｄ′を電極間間隔りと同じか電極間間隔りよりもを
大きくする条件、すなわちＤ≦Ｄ′ ・・・■が好適な
条件となる。The above experimental results show that creeping discharge can be prevented by significantly increasing the distance D' between the outer wall surface of the discharge electrode and the inner wall surface of the envelope. A preferable condition is to make the distance equal to or larger than the distance between the electrodes, that is, D≦D'...■.
また、放電電極の径サイズについてみると、電極間間隔
りよりもｄが小さな範囲、すなわちｄ〈Ｄ・・・■が実
用条件となる。したがって、■および■式から、沿面放
電を防止するに好適な条件として ｄ ＜Ｄ≦Ｄ′が得
られる。Regarding the diameter size of the discharge electrodes, the practical condition is a range in which d is smaller than the inter-electrode spacing, that is, d<D...■. Therefore, from formulas (1) and (2), the following condition is obtained as a condition suitable for preventing creeping discharge: d<D≦D'.
以上、本発明について好適な実施例を挙げて種々説明し
たが、本発明はこの実施例に限定されるものではなく、
発明の精神を逸脱しない範囲内で多くの改変を施し得る
のはもちろんのことである。The present invention has been variously explained above using preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Of course, many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.
（発明の効果）
本発明に係るガス入り放電管によれば、式ｄくＤ≦Ｄ′
に基づいて、放電電極の電極間間隔、放電電極外壁面と
外囲器内壁面との間隔および放電電極の径サイズを決め
ることによって、高電圧をかけた際に沿面放電が発生し
ないようにすることができ、放電開始電圧を高電圧で安
定的に維持することができ、高電圧スイッチ素子等とし
て好適に利用することができるという著効を奏する。(Effects of the Invention) According to the gas-filled discharge tube according to the present invention, the formula d D≦D′
By determining the distance between the discharge electrodes, the distance between the outer wall surface of the discharge electrode and the inner wall surface of the envelope, and the diameter size of the discharge electrode based on the above, it is possible to prevent creeping discharge from occurring when high voltage is applied. It is possible to stably maintain the discharge starting voltage at a high voltage, and it has the remarkable effect that it can be suitably used as a high voltage switching element, etc.
第１図は本発明に係る高電圧スイッチ素子用ガス入り放
電管の一実施例を示す断面図、第２図（ａ）、（ｂ）は
沿面放電発生頻度を示すグラフ、第３図は避***として
用いたガス入り放電管の従来例を示す断面図である。
１０．１２−−−ライン電極、 １０ａ、１２ａ・・
・放電電極、 １４・・・外囲器、１６・・・トリガ線
。Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the gas-filled discharge tube for high-voltage switching elements according to the present invention, Fig. 2 (a) and (b) are graphs showing the frequency of occurrence of creeping discharge, and Fig. 3 is a lightning protection FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a conventional example of a gas-filled discharge tube used as a tube. 10.12---Line electrode, 10a, 12a...
-Discharge electrode, 14...Envelope, 16...Trigger wire.
Claims (1)
端にライン電極を気密にろう付けすると共に、ライン電
極のフランジの中央部から外囲器内で向かい合わせに円
柱状の放電電極を突設し、１０ｋＶ以上の放電開始電圧
で放電させる高電圧スイッチ素子用ガス入り放電管であ
って、 前記放電電極の半径ｄ、放電電極の電極間間隔Ｄ、放電
電極の外壁面と外囲器の内壁面との間隔Ｄ′が、式ｄ＜
Ｄ≦Ｄ′をみたすことを特徴とする高電圧スイッチ素子
用ガス入り放電管。[Claims] 1. Gas is sealed inside the cylindrical envelope under high pressure, and line electrodes are hermetically brazed to both ends of the cylindrical envelope. A gas-filled discharge tube for a high voltage switch element, in which cylindrical discharge electrodes are protruded facing each other and discharged at a discharge starting voltage of 10 kV or more. , the distance D' between the outer wall surface of the discharge electrode and the inner wall surface of the envelope is expressed by the formula d<
A gas-filled discharge tube for a high voltage switch element, characterized in that D≦D'.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19785089A JPH0362484A (en) | 1989-07-28 | 1989-07-28 | Gas-filled discharge tube for high voltage switch element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19785089A JPH0362484A (en) | 1989-07-28 | 1989-07-28 | Gas-filled discharge tube for high voltage switch element |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0362484A true JPH0362484A (en) | 1991-03-18 |
Family
ID=16381378
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19785089A Pending JPH0362484A (en) | 1989-07-28 | 1989-07-28 | Gas-filled discharge tube for high voltage switch element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0362484A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04349386A (en) * | 1991-05-27 | 1992-12-03 | West Electric Co Ltd | Voltage stabilizing tube for internal combustion engine ignition device |
| WO2004091060A1 (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2004-10-21 | Okaya Electric Industries Co., Ltd. | Discharge tube and surge absorbing device |
| JP2006302807A (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2006-11-02 | Okaya Electric Ind Co Ltd | Discharge tube |
| JP2016533015A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2016-10-20 | エプコス アクチエンゲゼルシャフトＥｐｃｏｓ Ａｇ | Surge arrester |
-
1989
- 1989-07-28 JP JP19785089A patent/JPH0362484A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04349386A (en) * | 1991-05-27 | 1992-12-03 | West Electric Co Ltd | Voltage stabilizing tube for internal combustion engine ignition device |
| WO2004091060A1 (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2004-10-21 | Okaya Electric Industries Co., Ltd. | Discharge tube and surge absorbing device |
| KR100711943B1 (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2007-05-02 | 오카야 덴기 산교 가부시키가이샤 | Discharge tube |
| KR100735859B1 (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2007-07-04 | 오카야 덴기 산교 가부시키가이샤 | Discharge tube |
| JP2006302807A (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2006-11-02 | Okaya Electric Ind Co Ltd | Discharge tube |
| JP2016533015A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2016-10-20 | エプコス アクチエンゲゼルシャフトＥｐｃｏｓ Ａｇ | Surge arrester |
| US9627855B2 (en) | 2013-08-29 | 2017-04-18 | Epcos Ag | Surge arrester |
| EP3039755B1 (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2021-02-24 | TDK Electronics AG | Surge arrester |
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