JPH0351571A - Electronic type hydraulic controller - Google Patents
Electronic type hydraulic controllerInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0351571A JPH0351571A JP18610789A JP18610789A JPH0351571A JP H0351571 A JPH0351571 A JP H0351571A JP 18610789 A JP18610789 A JP 18610789A JP 18610789 A JP18610789 A JP 18610789A JP H0351571 A JPH0351571 A JP H0351571A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- signal pressure
- hydraulic pressure
- signal
- solenoid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001310793 Podium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000555745 Sciuridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
(産業上の利用分野)
本発明は自動変速機等に用いる電子式液圧制御装置に関
するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an electronic hydraulic pressure control device used in automatic transmissions and the like.
(従来の技術)
電子式液圧制御装置としては、1984年1月発行三菱
重工技報Vol.21 No. 1 (7)第109真
中、図16ニ記載の如く、ソレノイドの電子制御により
作り出した信号圧に調圧弁を応動させ、この調圧弁より
信号圧に応じた液圧を出力させ、結果としてこの出力液
圧を電子制御する型式の装置が知られている。(Prior Art) As an electronic hydraulic pressure control device, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Technical Report Vol. 21 No. 1 (7) As shown in Fig. 16D in the middle of No. 109, the pressure regulating valve is made to respond to the signal pressure created by the electronic control of the solenoid, and the pressure regulating valve outputs the hydraulic pressure according to the signal pressure, and as a result, this output Types of devices with electronic control of hydraulic pressure are known.
(発明が解決しようとする課8)
ところで、ソレノイドの電子制御により信号圧を作り出
す場合、この信号圧に脈動威分が混入するのを避けられ
ず、出力液圧にも脈動或分が伝播し、この出力液圧で作
動させる自動変速機のクラッチ等が伝達トルクの振動を
惹起して、変速フィーリングの悪化等を招く。(Problem 8 to be solved by the invention) By the way, when a signal pressure is generated by electronic control of a solenoid, it is unavoidable that pulsation is mixed into this signal pressure, and some pulsation also propagates to the output hydraulic pressure. The clutches and the like of the automatic transmission that are operated by this output hydraulic pressure cause vibrations in the transmitted torque, leading to deterioration of the shift feeling and the like.
例えば第5図中瞬時t1より信号圧Psが発生し、応答
遅れ後の瞬時t2より出力液圧PCが発生した場合につ
き述べると、信号圧P,は同図に示す如くに大きく脈動
し、これに応答して出力液圧Pc も同図に示す如くに
大きく脈動する。For example, in the case where the signal pressure Ps is generated at instant t1 in FIG. 5, and the output hydraulic pressure PC is generated at instant t2 after a delay in response, the signal pressure P, pulsates greatly as shown in the figure. In response to this, the output hydraulic pressure Pc also pulsates greatly as shown in the figure.
本発明は、通常作動液の体積弾性係数が約1万もの高さ
であってほとんど非圧縮性であるのに対し、ソレノイド
で電子制御された後の作動液(信号圧媒体)は多くの気
泡が混入されるため、体積弾性係数を100程度に低下
されて圧縮性流体に近くなり、所謂自動車用マフラー(
消音器)の原理を応用し得るとの観点から、この原理を
応用して信号圧の脈動を抑制することにより上述の問題
を解消することを目的とする。In the present invention, the bulk elastic modulus of normal hydraulic fluid is as high as about 10,000 and is almost incompressible, whereas the hydraulic fluid (signal pressure medium) after being electronically controlled by a solenoid has many bubbles. is mixed in, the bulk modulus of elasticity is reduced to about 100, making it close to a compressible fluid, and is used in so-called automobile mufflers (
The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problem by suppressing signal pressure pulsation by applying this principle, from the viewpoint that the principle of a muffler (silencer) can be applied.
(課題を解決するための手段)
この目的のため本発明の電子式液圧制御装置は、ソレノ
イドの電子制御により作り出した信号圧に調圧弁を応動
させ、この調圧弁より信号圧に応じた液圧を出力させる
電子式液圧制御装置において、
前記信号圧の供給通路中に、ほぼ同一断面積、同一深さ
の液溜りを2個以上順次挿入すると共に、これら液溜り
の間及び前後に夫々ほぼ同一開口面積の絞りを配設した
ものである。(Means for Solving the Problems) For this purpose, the electronic hydraulic pressure control device of the present invention causes a pressure regulating valve to respond to a signal pressure created by electronic control of a solenoid, and the pressure regulating valve causes fluid to flow in accordance with the signal pressure. In an electronic hydraulic pressure control device that outputs pressure, two or more liquid reservoirs with approximately the same cross-sectional area and the same depth are sequentially inserted into the signal pressure supply passage, and there are Apertures with approximately the same aperture area are arranged.
(作 用)
ソレノイドは制御因子に応し電子制御されて信号圧を発
生させる。調圧弁はこの信号圧に応動してこれに応した
液圧を出力し、この出力液圧は結果として上記制御因子
に応し電子制御されることとなる。(Operation) The solenoid is electronically controlled according to the control factor and generates a signal pressure. The pressure regulating valve outputs a corresponding hydraulic pressure in response to this signal pressure, and as a result, this output hydraulic pressure is electronically controlled in accordance with the above-mentioned control factors.
ところで、信号圧は複数のほぼ同一開口面積の絞り及び
ほぼ同一断面積、同一深さの液溜りを順次且つ交互に経
由して調圧弁に向かうため、該信号圧がソレノイドの電
子制御により作り出すことから脈動威分を含むと頚も、
この信号圧は脈動戒分をマフラーの原理により抑制され
て調圧弁に至ることとなり、調圧弁からの出力液圧が大
きく脈動するのを防止することができる。By the way, since the signal pressure passes sequentially and alternately through a plurality of apertures with approximately the same opening area and liquid pools with approximately the same cross-sectional area and the same depth to the pressure regulating valve, the signal pressure cannot be generated by electronic control of the solenoid. From the neck, including the pulsating power,
This signal pressure reaches the pressure regulating valve with pulsation suppressed by the principle of the muffler, and it is possible to prevent the output hydraulic pressure from the pressure regulating valve from pulsating greatly.
(実施例) 以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づき詳細に説明する。(Example) Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.
第1図は本発明装置の一実施例で、lはデューティソレ
ノイド、3ば調圧弁を夫々示す。デューティソレノイド
1は弁体及び可動鉄芯の機能を兼ねるボール5と、固定
鉄芯7と、コイル9と、リターンスプリングl1とで構
成する。ボール5はスプリング1lによりばね座13を
介して図示位置に弾支し、この位置で人力ボート15を
閉じ、ドレンボ−117を開くものとする。又ボール5
はコイル9のON時図中右方へ吸引されて、入力ポート
15を開き、ドレンボート17を閉じるものとする。な
お入カポー目5には一定のパイロット圧PPを供給する
。FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the device of the present invention, where 1 indicates a duty solenoid and 3 indicates a pressure regulating valve. The duty solenoid 1 is composed of a ball 5 that also functions as a valve body and a movable iron core, a fixed iron core 7, a coil 9, and a return spring l1. The ball 5 is elastically supported by the spring 1l via the spring seat 13 to the illustrated position, and in this position the human-powered boat 15 is closed and the drainboard 117 is opened. Ball 5 again
It is assumed that when the coil 9 is turned on, it is attracted to the right in the figure, opening the input port 15 and closing the drain boat 17. Note that a constant pilot pressure PP is supplied to the input port 5.
かくてデューティソレノイド1はコイル9のOFF時、
ポール5がポート15を閉し、ボー目7を開くため、出
力ボート19から室21への信号圧P,をOにし、コイ
ル9のON時、ボール5がボート15を開き、ポート1
7を閉じるため、出力ポートl9から室2lへの信号圧
P,をパイロット圧PPと同じにする。そして、コイル
9を一定周期で繰返しON, OFFし、該一定周期に
対するON時間幅、所謂デューテ5
ィ比を加減ずるデューティ制御により、信号圧P,を0
からパイロット圧P,迄の間で種々に電子制御すること
ができる。Thus, when the coil 9 is OFF, the duty solenoid 1
Since the ball 5 closes the port 15 and opens the ball 7, the signal pressure P from the output boat 19 to the chamber 21 is set to O, and when the coil 9 is turned on, the ball 5 opens the boat 15 and opens the port 1.
7, the signal pressure P from the output port 19 to the chamber 2l is made equal to the pilot pressure PP. Then, the signal pressure P is reduced to 0 by repeatedly turning the coil 9 ON and OFF at a constant cycle and adjusting the ON time width, the so-called duty ratio, with respect to the constant cycle.
It can be electronically controlled in various ways from the pilot pressure P to the pilot pressure P.
調圧弁3はスブール23を具え、これをばね25で室2
7に向け付勢する。そして、室27から遠いスプール端
面にプランジャ29を摺動自在に嵌合して室31を画威
し、この室3lを出力ボート33に通じさせるフィード
バックオリフィス35をスプール23に形成する。室2
7は通路37を経て前記の信号圧P,を供給され、スプ
ール23はこの信号圧Psと受圧而積A,との積で表わ
される力を受けて図中右行され、出力ポート33を入力
ポート39に通じることでボート33からの出力液圧P
Cをボート39へのライン圧PLにより上昇させる。こ
の出力液圧Pcはオリフィス35を経て室3lにフィー
ドバックされ、スプール23はこの出力液圧Pcと受圧
面積A2との積で表わされる力及びばね25のばね力F
3により押戻される。この時、スプール23は出力ボー
ト33をドレンポート41に通じて出力液圧Pcを低下
させる。The pressure regulating valve 3 includes a subur 23, which is connected to the chamber 2 by a spring 25.
7. Then, a plunger 29 is slidably fitted to the end face of the spool far from the chamber 27 to define a chamber 31, and a feedback orifice 35 is formed in the spool 23 to allow the chamber 31 to communicate with the output boat 33. room 2
7 is supplied with the signal pressure P, through the passage 37, and the spool 23 receives a force represented by the product of this signal pressure Ps and the received pressure product A, and moves to the right in the figure, and inputs the output port 33. Output hydraulic pressure P from boat 33 by communicating with port 39
C is increased by the line pressure PL to the boat 39. This output hydraulic pressure Pc is fed back to the chamber 3l via the orifice 35, and the spool 23 is applied with a force expressed by the product of this output hydraulic pressure Pc and the pressure receiving area A2 and the spring force F of the spring 25.
Pushed back by 3. At this time, the spool 23 connects the output boat 33 to the drain port 41 to reduce the output hydraulic pressure Pc.
6
スプール23に作用する力の釣合い式はF s ・A
I= P c ’ A 2 +F sで表わされ、従っ
て、出力液圧P,は
に調圧される。これがため、出力液圧P,は信号圧Ps
で決まることとなり、この信号圧がソレノイド1のデュ
ーティ制御(電子制?II)で作り出されることから、
結果として出力液圧PCを制御因子に応じ電子制御する
ことができる。6 The balance equation of the force acting on the spool 23 is F s ・A
It is expressed as I=P c ′ A 2 +F s, and therefore, the output hydraulic pressure P is regulated. Therefore, the output hydraulic pressure P, is the signal pressure Ps
Since this signal pressure is created by the duty control (electronic control? II) of solenoid 1,
As a result, the output hydraulic pressure PC can be electronically controlled according to control factors.
本例においては特に、信号圧供給通路37中に複数個(
図示例では2個)の液溜り43. 45を挿入し、これ
らをほぼ同一断面積及び同一深さ(例えば内容積1 c
m”)に形或する。そして、これら液溜り43.45の
間及び前後に夫々配して信号圧供給通路37中に3個の
絞り47. 49. 51を挿入し、これら絞りをほぼ
同一開口面積(例えば1.2φ)とする。In this example, in particular, a plurality of (
In the illustrated example, there are two liquid reservoirs 43. 45 and have approximately the same cross-sectional area and the same depth (e.g. internal volume 1 c
Three throttles 47, 49, and 51 are inserted into the signal pressure supply passage 37 between these liquid reservoirs 43, 45, and at the front and back, respectively, and these throttles are arranged in a shape of approximately the same size. The opening area is set to (for example, 1.2φ).
かかる構威によれば、信号圧P,がソレノイド1のデュ
ーティ制御により作り出すため脈動威分を含むと跡も、
この信号圧が絞り49、液溜り43、絞り47、液溜り
45、絞り51を順次経て調圧弁室27に向かうため、
脈動威分をマフラーの原理により除去することができる
。従って、信号圧Psは調圧弁室27に達する時には第
4図の如くほとんど脈動戒分を持たないものとなり、出
力液圧Pcも同図に示す如くほとんど脈動することがな
い。According to this structure, since the signal pressure P is generated by controlling the duty of the solenoid 1, if it includes pulsation force, there will be no trace.
Since this signal pressure passes through the throttle 49, the liquid reservoir 43, the throttle 47, the liquid reservoir 45, and the throttle 51 in sequence, it goes to the pressure regulating valve chamber 27.
Pulsating power can be removed using the muffler principle. Therefore, when the signal pressure Ps reaches the pressure regulating valve chamber 27, it has almost no pulsation as shown in FIG. 4, and the output hydraulic pressure Pc also has almost no pulsation as shown in the same figure.
第2図(a) , (b) , (c)は第1図の液圧
制御装置を自動変速機の変速制御用コントロールバルブ
に実装する場合の具体例を示す。このコントロールバル
ブはアッパーバルブボデ−53及びロアバルブボデ−5
5と、これらの間に挟んだセパレートプレート57より
なり、アッパーバルブポデーに液溜り43と、調圧弁室
27と、信号圧通路37の一部となる窪み37aとを形
或し、ロアバルブボデーにデューティソレノイド室21
と、液溜り45と、信号圧通路37の一部となる窪み3
7bとを形或する。液溜り43.45は互に向い合うよ
う開口させ、窪み37aはその開口が部分的に室21の
開口に重なるよう配置し、窪み37bはその開口が部分
的に室27の開口に重なるよう配置する。そしてセパレ
ートプレート57には、絞り47. 49. 51を小
孔として穿設し、絞り47は液溜り43. 45間を通
ずるよう、絞り49は窪み37a及び室21間を通ずる
よう、又絞り51は窪み37b及び室27間を通ずるよ
う夫々配置する。2(a), 2(b), and 2(c) show a specific example in which the hydraulic pressure control device of FIG. 1 is implemented in a control valve for speed change control of an automatic transmission. This control valve has an upper valve body 53 and a lower valve body 5.
5 and a separate plate 57 sandwiched between these, the upper valve podium has a liquid reservoir 43, a pressure regulating valve chamber 27, and a recess 37a that becomes a part of the signal pressure passage 37, and the lower valve Duty solenoid chamber 21 in the body
, a liquid reservoir 45 , and a depression 3 that becomes a part of the signal pressure passage 37
7b. The liquid reservoirs 43, 45 are opened to face each other, the recess 37a is arranged so that its opening partially overlaps the opening of the chamber 21, and the recess 37b is arranged so that its opening partially overlaps the opening of the chamber 27. do. The separate plate 57 has an aperture 47. 49. 51 is bored as a small hole, and the aperture 47 is a liquid reservoir 43. The aperture 49 is arranged so as to pass between the recess 37a and the chamber 21, and the aperture 51 is arranged so as to pass between the recess 37b and the chamber 27.
第3図はソレノイドが比例ソレノイド59である場合の
実施例で、このようなソレノイドにおいてもヒステリシ
ス防止用に使用するディザー信号により信号圧Psは脈
動威分を持ったものになるのを避けられず、液溜り43
. 45及び絞り47, 49. 51による脈動抑制
効果が有効である。Figure 3 shows an example in which the solenoid is a proportional solenoid 59. Even in such a solenoid, the signal pressure Ps inevitably becomes pulsating due to the dither signal used to prevent hysteresis. , liquid pool 43
.. 45 and apertures 47, 49. 51 is effective in suppressing pulsation.
比例ソレノイド59はコイル61を具え、これへの供給
電流量に応じた電磁力F。をプランジャ63からスプー
ル65に図中左向きに付与する。これによリスプール6
5は出力ポート67を人力ボート69に通じて出力ポー
ト67からの信号圧P,を人カポート69へのライン圧
PLにより上昇させる。この信号圧P5はオリフィス7
1を経て室73にフィードバックされ、信号圧Psと受
圧面積A3との積で表わされる力によりスプール65を
押戻す。この時スプール65は出力ポート67をドレン
ポート75に通じて9
信号圧PSを低下させる。The proportional solenoid 59 includes a coil 61, and an electromagnetic force F depending on the amount of current supplied to the coil 61. is applied from the plunger 63 to the spool 65 toward the left in the figure. This is squirrel pool 6
5 connects the output port 67 to the manual boat 69 and increases the signal pressure P from the output port 67 by the line pressure PL to the manual boat 69. This signal pressure P5 is the orifice 7
1 and is fed back to the chamber 73, and the spool 65 is pushed back by a force represented by the product of the signal pressure Ps and the pressure receiving area A3. At this time, the spool 65 connects the output port 67 to the drain port 75 to lower the signal pressure PS.
スプール65に作用する力の釣合式は
P s ’ A3= F −
で表わされ、信号圧P,は
に調圧される。よって、信号圧PSは電磁力F8に応じ
た値となり、従ってコイル6lへの供給電流を加減する
ことにより電子制御することができる。The balance equation of the force acting on the spool 65 is expressed as Ps'A3=F-, and the signal pressure P, is regulated to be. Therefore, the signal pressure PS has a value corresponding to the electromagnetic force F8, and therefore can be electronically controlled by adjusting the current supplied to the coil 6l.
(発明の効果)
かくして本発明装置は上述の如く、信号圧が複数のほぼ
同一開口面積の絞り及びほぼ同一断面積、同一深さの液
溜りを順次且つ交互に経由して調圧弁に向かう構或とし
たため、該信号圧がソレノイドの電子制御により作り出
すことから脈動或分を含むと難も、この信号圧は脈動成
分をマフラーの原理により抑制されて調圧弁に至ること
となり、調圧弁からの出力液圧が大きく脈動するのを防
止することができる。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the device of the present invention has a structure in which the signal pressure is directed to the pressure regulating valve through sequentially and alternately a plurality of apertures having approximately the same opening area and liquid reservoirs having approximately the same cross-sectional area and the same depth. Therefore, since the signal pressure is generated by electronic control of the solenoid, it would be difficult if it contains some pulsation, but the pulsation component of this signal pressure is suppressed by the principle of the muffler and reaches the pressure regulating valve, and the signal pressure from the pressure regulating valve is It is possible to prevent the output hydraulic pressure from pulsating greatly.
1010
第1図は本発明電子式液圧制御装置の一実施例を示す液
圧回路図、
第2図(a) , (b) , (c)は同例装置の自
動変速機用コントロールバルブに対する実装図、
第3図は本発明の他の例を示す液圧回路図、第4図は本
発明装置を用いた場合における信号圧及び出力液圧の時
系列変化を示すタイムチャート、
第5図は同じくその従来装置を用いた場合におけるタイ
ムチャートである。
1・・・デューティソレノイド
3・・・調圧弁 5・・・ボール9・・・コ
イル l3・・・ばね座15・・・人力ポー
ト 17・・・ドレンボート19・・・出力ポー
ト23・・・スプール29・・・プランジャ
35・・・フィードバックオリフィス
37・・・信号圧イj(給通路
43. 45・・・液溜り
47. 49. 51・・・絞り
53・・・アッパーバルブボデー
55・・・ロアハルブボデー
57・・・セパレー1・プレー1・
59・・・比例ソレノイド
61・・・コイル
65・・・スプール
67・・・出力ボート
69・・・入力ボート
71・・・フィードハックオリフィス
75・・・入力ボートFig. 1 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing one embodiment of the electronic hydraulic pressure control device of the present invention, and Fig. 2 (a), (b), and (c) are implementations of the same device on a control valve for an automatic transmission. 3 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing another example of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a time chart showing time-series changes in signal pressure and output hydraulic pressure when using the device of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing another example of the present invention. It is also a time chart when the conventional device is used. 1... Duty solenoid 3... Pressure regulating valve 5... Ball 9... Coil l3... Spring seat 15... Human power port 17... Drain boat 19... Output port 23... Spool 29... Plunger 35... Feedback orifice 37... Signal pressure Ij (supply passage 43. 45... Liquid reservoir 47. 49. 51... Restriction 53... Upper valve body 55...・Lower hull body 57...Separate 1・Play 1・ 59...Proportional solenoid 61...Coil 65...Spool 67...Output boat 69...Input boat 71...Feed hack orifice 75...・Input boat
Claims (1)
圧弁を応動させ、この調圧弁より信号圧に応じた液圧を
出力させる電子式液圧制御装置において、 前記信号圧の供給通路中に、ほぼ同一断面積、同一深さ
の液溜りを2個以上順次挿入すると共に、これら液溜り
の間及び前後に夫々ほぼ同一開口面積の絞りを配設した
ことを特徴とする電子式液圧制御装置。 2、請求項1において、前記順次の液溜りを、自動変速
機の変速制御用バルブボデーを成すアッパーバルブボデ
ー及びロアバルブボデーに向い合わせに開口させて形成
し、これらアッパーバルブボデー及びロアバルブボデー
間のセパレートプレートに前記絞りを形成した自動変速
機の電子式液圧制御装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. An electronic hydraulic pressure control device that causes a pressure regulating valve to respond to a signal pressure generated by electronic control of a solenoid, and outputs a hydraulic pressure according to the signal pressure from the pressure regulating valve, comprising: An electronic device characterized in that two or more liquid reservoirs having approximately the same cross-sectional area and the same depth are sequentially inserted into the supply passage, and throttles having approximately the same opening area are provided between and at the front and rear of the liquid reservoirs, respectively. type hydraulic pressure control device. 2. In claim 1, the sequential liquid reservoirs are formed by opening facing each other in an upper valve body and a lower valve body forming a shift control valve body of an automatic transmission, and An electronic hydraulic pressure control device for an automatic transmission, in which the aperture is formed in a separate plate between.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP18610789A JPH0351571A (en) | 1989-07-20 | 1989-07-20 | Electronic type hydraulic controller |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP18610789A JPH0351571A (en) | 1989-07-20 | 1989-07-20 | Electronic type hydraulic controller |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH0351571A true JPH0351571A (en) | 1991-03-05 |
Family
ID=16182486
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP18610789A Pending JPH0351571A (en) | 1989-07-20 | 1989-07-20 | Electronic type hydraulic controller |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH0351571A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006138436A (en) * | 2004-11-15 | 2006-06-01 | Hino Motors Ltd | Mechanical transmission |
-
1989
- 1989-07-20 JP JP18610789A patent/JPH0351571A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006138436A (en) * | 2004-11-15 | 2006-06-01 | Hino Motors Ltd | Mechanical transmission |
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