JPH0338290A - Biologically activated carbon water-treatment apparatus - Google Patents
Biologically activated carbon water-treatment apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0338290A JPH0338290A JP1172863A JP17286389A JPH0338290A JP H0338290 A JPH0338290 A JP H0338290A JP 1172863 A JP1172863 A JP 1172863A JP 17286389 A JP17286389 A JP 17286389A JP H0338290 A JPH0338290 A JP H0338290A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- activated carbon
- water
- fixed bed
- treated
- oxygen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical class C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 198
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 8
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 210000005240 left ventricle Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005446 dissolved organic matter Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000005241 right ventricle Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000192700 Cyanobacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004299 exfoliation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007269 microbial metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009287 sand filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［発明の目的］
（産業上の利用分野）
この発明は、生物活性炭を用いる上水高度処理システム
に用いられる生物活性炭処理装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a biological activated carbon treatment device used in an advanced water treatment system using biological activated carbon.
（従来の技術〉
近年、生活水準の向上、人口増加により水道使用量が増
加し、水道水源も地下水から河川、ダム、湖など表流水
利用率が高まってきている。この表流水は人間活動によ
り直接汚染を受は易く、経年的に富栄養価が進行し、湖
沼ではプランクトンやあおこの増殖によるかび臭の問題
も生じてぃる。したがって、上水道における効果的な水
処理の要望は年々高まっている。(Conventional technology) In recent years, the amount of water used has increased due to improved living standards and population growth, and the rate of use of surface water from groundwater to rivers, dams, lakes, etc. has increased.This surface water has been reduced by human activities. It is easily susceptible to direct contamination, its nutrient content increases over time, and the problem of musty odor due to the proliferation of plankton and blue-green algae occurs in lakes and marshes.Therefore, the demand for effective water treatment in water supplies is increasing year by year. .
上水道は一般に前塩素、凝集沈殿、砂濾過、塩素消毒の
水処理を施して浄化し、給水されている。Water supplies are generally purified through pre-chlorination, coagulation sedimentation, sand filtration, and chlorine disinfection before being supplied.
さらに原水の水質によっては各種薬品注入、粉末活性炭
投入、粒状活性炭、オゾン処理、紫外線処理などが個々
に取り入れられている。Furthermore, depending on the quality of the raw water, various chemical injections, powdered activated carbon, granular activated carbon, ozone treatment, ultraviolet treatment, etc. are applied individually.
上水浄化工程での生物障害防止やアンモニア性窒素除去
のために行われる前塩素処理では、水質汚濁が進み、溶
存有機物を多く含有する原水への塩素処理により塩素と
溶存有機物の反応により発癌性のトリハロメタンが生成
するので、この効果的な除去も重要である。Pre-chlorination treatment performed to prevent biological damage and remove ammonia nitrogen during the water purification process causes water pollution, and chlorination of raw water containing a large amount of dissolved organic matter can cause carcinogenic effects due to the reaction between chlorine and dissolved organic matter. of trihalomethanes are produced, so its effective removal is also important.
そこで、水道水源の汚濁に対して安全でおいしい水の要
望に対応するために上水高度処理が検討され、実機基で
実施されている。この実施されている上水高度処理は、
オゾン処理と粒状活性炭処理とを組み合わせたもので、
基本的な処理フローは特開昭５４−９９３４４号公報や
特開昭６２−１７１７９７号公報などに示された方法で
ある。Therefore, in order to respond to the demand for safe and delicious water despite the pollution of tap water sources, advanced water treatment has been studied and is being implemented on an actual basis. This advanced water treatment is being carried out.
A combination of ozone treatment and granular activated carbon treatment.
The basic processing flow is the method shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 54-99344 and 62-171797.
この上水高度処理において、前塩素処理を省略した処理
フローの粒状活性炭処理槽では、濾材である粒状活性炭
の表面に微生物が繁殖し、この微生物代謝によりアンモ
ニア性窒素の硝化除去、さらに活性炭へ吸着された溶存
有機物を除去するので、粒状活性炭の吸着のみでは３〜
６か月の寿命しかもたないものが、微生物の再生効果に
より２〜３年と活性炭の寿命が大幅に延長する。このよ
うな特性を有するようになった活性炭を生物活性炭と称
するが、この生物活性炭の利用により活性炭そのものが
長寿命化し、再生インターバル・が長くなってランニン
グコストが大幅に削減できるようになり、実用上極めて
有利なものである。In this advanced water treatment, in the granular activated carbon treatment tank with a treatment flow that omits pre-chlorination treatment, microorganisms grow on the surface of the granular activated carbon that is the filter medium, and the microbial metabolism nitrifies and removes ammonia nitrogen, which is then adsorbed onto the activated carbon. Since it removes dissolved organic matter, adsorption of granular activated carbon alone can reduce the
Activated carbon has a lifespan of only 6 months, but due to the regeneration effect of microorganisms, the lifespan of activated carbon is significantly extended to 2 to 3 years. Activated carbon that has these characteristics is called biological activated carbon, and the use of biological activated carbon extends the lifespan of the activated carbon itself, lengthens the regeneration interval, and significantly reduces running costs, making it suitable for practical use. This is extremely advantageous.
ところが従来、上水高度処理に利用されている生物活性
炭は０．３〜３．０ＬＩＩＩｌφの粒径の粒状活性炭で
あり、これをカラムに０．５〜３．０ｍの高さに充填し
、下向流あるいは上向流に被処理水を通水処理するもの
であり、充填活性炭層の安定性のために空気などの気体
をカラムへ注入することは不可能であった。However, the biological activated carbon conventionally used for advanced water treatment is granular activated carbon with a particle size of 0.3 to 3.0 LIIIlφ, which is packed into a column at a height of 0.5 to 3.0 m and then Water to be treated is passed through the column in a countercurrent or upward direction, and due to the stability of the packed activated carbon layer, it was impossible to inject gas such as air into the column.
この従来の粒状生物活性炭を用いる上水高度処理システ
ムの一例が第３図に示されている。An example of an advanced water treatment system using this conventional granular biological activated carbon is shown in FIG.
第３図の上水高度処理システムにおいて、水道用原水は
まず原水受槽１に貯えられ、砂などを分離した後に凝集
槽２に入り、ここでパン土、ＰＡＣなどの凝集剤３、さ
らに水質に応じて酸やアルカリのｐＨ調整剤を添加して
水中の懸濁物やコロイドを凝集させる。In the advanced water treatment system shown in Fig. 3, raw water for drinking water is first stored in the raw water receiving tank 1, and after separating sand etc., it enters the flocculation tank 2, where it is treated with flocculants 3 such as bread soil and PAC, and further improves the water quality. Depending on the situation, an acidic or alkaline pH adjuster is added to flocculate suspended matter or colloids in water.
次に沈降ｔ！４に入り、凝集フロックを沈降分離し、沈
降したフロックを濃縮して下部からスラリー水５として
排出する。この沈降槽４における上澄液はオゾン処理槽
６に導入される。Then sedimentation t! 4, the coagulated flocs are separated by sedimentation, and the settled flocs are concentrated and discharged from the lower part as slurry water 5. The supernatant liquid in the sedimentation tank 4 is introduced into the ozone treatment tank 6.
オゾン処理ｔ！６では、下部からオゾン７が散気管を通
して注入され、気演接触により水中の有機物などがオゾ
ンで脱臭、脱色、あるいは酸化分解、変成される。反応
後の残留オゾンは排オゾン８として槽外に排出される。Ozone treatment! In step 6, ozone 7 is injected from the lower part through the aeration pipe, and organic matter in the water is deodorized, bleached, or oxidatively decomposed and denatured by the ozone through aeration contact. Residual ozone after the reaction is discharged to the outside of the tank as exhaust ozone 8.
次に、オゾン処理水は生物活性炭処理装置９へ下向流式
あるいは上向流式に通水される。Next, the ozonated water is passed to the biological activated carbon treatment device 9 in a downward flow manner or an upward flow manner.
生物活性炭処理装置９では、粒状活性炭の吸着、活性炭
表面に繁殖した微生物によるアンモニアの硝化、有機物
の代謝除去、さらには粒状活性炭に吸着された有機物の
微生物による除去、つまり生物による再生も行われる。In the biological activated carbon treatment device 9, adsorption of granular activated carbon, nitrification of ammonia by microorganisms grown on the activated carbon surface, metabolic removal of organic matter, and further removal of organic matter adsorbed to granular activated carbon by microorganisms, that is, regeneration by living organisms are also performed.
こうして生物活性炭処理装置って処理された浄化水は濁
質を含有しており、これを除くためにＰＡＣ，あるいは
パン土の凝集剤１０を加えてマイクロフロック化し、ま
た微小動物の抑制を目的に塩素剤を加え、次の砂濾過器
１１へ導入する。ここで、マイクロフロックは濾過によ
り除去され、清浄となった浄化水は殺菌＄１１２へ送ら
れ、殺菌槽１２では塩素ガス、次亜塩素酸ナトリウムな
どの塩素剤１３を加えて溶存バクテリアを殺菌する。The purified water treated by the biological activated carbon treatment device contains turbidity, and in order to remove this, PAC or bread soil flocculant 10 is added to form micro flocs, and the water is used to control microscopic animals. A chlorine agent is added and introduced into the next sand filter 11. Here, the micro flocs are removed by filtration, and the purified water is sent to a sterilization tank 112, where a chlorine agent 13 such as chlorine gas or sodium hypochlorite is added to sterilize dissolved bacteria. .
殺菌され、高度処理飲料水となった処理水は処理水受槽
１４に貯えられ、給水される。The treated water that has been sterilized and becomes highly treated drinking water is stored in the treated water receiving tank 14 and supplied thereto.
さらに第４図は従来の生物活性炭処理装置９の構造を示
しており、処理槽１５の下部に異なる穴径の数種類の支
持材１６ａ、１６ｂ、１６ｃを設け、この上に粒状生物
活性炭１７を均一に充填した構造となっている。Further, FIG. 4 shows the structure of a conventional biological activated carbon treatment device 9, in which several types of support materials 16a, 16b, and 16c with different hole diameters are provided at the bottom of the treatment tank 15, and granular biological activated carbon 17 is uniformly spread on the support materials 16a, 16b, and 16c. The structure is filled with
粒状生物活性炭１７としては石炭系、ヤシガラ系の粒径
０．３〜３ ＩＩＩｍφのものが用いられ、充填高さは
０．５〜４ｍ程度であり、活性炭を固定床とする場合に
は下向流に、流動床として用いる場合には上向流に通水
するようにしている。そして通水条件は、接触時間が５
〜２０分、線流速が３〜１５ｍ／ｈ程度であった。As the granular biological activated carbon 17, coal-based or coconut shell-based particles with a particle size of 0.3 to 3 mφ are used, and the filling height is about 0.5 to 4 m, and when the activated carbon is used as a fixed bed, it is When used as a fluidized bed, the water is passed upward. The water flow condition is that the contact time is 5.
~20 minutes, the linear flow rate was about 3~15 m/h.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
しかしながらこのような従来の生物活性炭処理装置では
、粒状生物活性炭を均一に充填した層に被処理水を通水
処理する方式であったために、次のような問題点をもっ
ていた。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in such conventional biological activated carbon treatment equipment, the water to be treated is passed through a layer uniformly filled with granular biological activated carbon, and therefore, the following problems occur. I had points.
（１）被処理水の通水は一過性であり、接触時間も５〜
２０分程度であるために、吸着などの物理化学反応に比
べて反応速度が遅い微生物反応を用いる生物活性炭では
上記の処理条件は浄化性能から見て十分でない。(1) The flow of water to be treated is temporary, and the contact time is 5~
Since the treatment time is approximately 20 minutes, the above treatment conditions are not sufficient in terms of purification performance for biological activated carbon that uses microbial reactions, which have a slower reaction rate than physicochemical reactions such as adsorption.
（２）被処理水は下水などに比べて微生物が必要とする
基質（栄養源）の絶対量が少ないため、微生物の増殖や
活動が抑えられ、微生物コロニ生物膜の形成は微弱で、
時間も要する。(2) Compared to sewage, treated water has a smaller absolute amount of substrate (nutrient source) required by microorganisms, so the growth and activity of microorganisms is suppressed, and the formation of microbial colony biofilm is weak.
It also takes time.
（３）生物活性炭が固定床（下向流通水）の場合には定
期的な逆洗、また流動床（上向流通水）では常時流動に
よりいずれも活性炭相互の表面摩擦により微生物コロニ
ー、生物膜の形成が疎外されると同時に剥離も加速され
る。(3) If the biological activated carbon is in a fixed bed (downward flowing water), periodic backwashing, or in a fluidized bed (upward flowing water), constant flow will cause microbial colonies and biofilms to form due to surface friction between the activated carbons. At the same time as the formation of these is alienated, the exfoliation is also accelerated.
（４）生物活性炭は酸化反応であるため、酸素濃度に影
響され、酸素リッチ状態で処理するのが効率向上につな
がる。したがって空気または酸素含有ガスを注入しなが
ら処理するのが最良であるが、現行装置は生物活性炭層
の安定性から装置へ直接気体を導入することが不可能で
ある。(4) Since biological activated carbon undergoes an oxidation reaction, it is affected by oxygen concentration, and processing in an oxygen-rich state leads to improved efficiency. Therefore, it is best to perform the treatment while injecting air or oxygen-containing gas, but it is not possible to introduce gas directly into the current equipment due to the stability of the biological activated carbon layer.
この発明はこのような従来の問題点に鑑みなされたもの
で、生物活性炭の微生物コロニー形成時間が早く、酸素
リッチ状態で生物処理ができ、効率的に上水高度処理が
できる生物活性炭処理装置を提供することを目的とする
。This invention was made in view of these conventional problems, and provides a biological activated carbon treatment device that can quickly form microbial colonies on biological activated carbon, can perform biological treatment in an oxygen-rich state, and can efficiently perform advanced treatment of tap water. The purpose is to provide.
［発明の構成］
（課題を解決するための手段）
この発明の生物活性炭処理装置は、槽内に上下方向に気
体と液体とが通過できる空間カラムと、粒状生物活性炭
を充填した活性炭カラムとを混在するように設けて固定
床を形成し、槽内下部にこの固定床に向けて空気または
酸素含有ガスを注入する散気管を設けたものである。[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) The biological activated carbon treatment device of the present invention includes a space column through which gas and liquid can pass vertically in a tank, and an activated carbon column filled with granular biological activated carbon. They are mixed to form a fixed bed, and a diffuser pipe is provided at the bottom of the tank to inject air or oxygen-containing gas toward the fixed bed.
またこの発明では、槽内の中央に仕切板を配することに
より仕切板の上下に被処理水の循環の余地を残しながら
槽を左右に分割し、上下方向に気体と液体とが通過でき
る空間カラムと粒状生物活性炭を充填した活性炭カラム
とを混在するように配置した固定床を前記仕切板の左右
両側に設け、左右各々の固定床の下方に空気または酸素
含有ガスを注入する散気管を設け、これら左右の散気管
に対する外部からの空気または酸素含有ガスの供給の切
換え手段を設けたものとすることができる。In addition, in this invention, by placing a partition plate in the center of the tank, the tank is divided into left and right sides while leaving room for circulation of the water to be treated above and below the partition plate, creating a space through which gas and liquid can pass in the vertical direction. A fixed bed in which a column and an activated carbon column packed with granular biological activated carbon are arranged in a mixed manner is provided on both left and right sides of the partition plate, and a diffuser pipe for injecting air or oxygen-containing gas is provided below each fixed bed on the left and right sides. , a means for switching the supply of air or oxygen-containing gas from the outside to these left and right air diffusers may be provided.
さらにこの発明の活性炭カラムとしては粒状生物活性炭
の粒径よりも小さい径の穴径を有する耐蝕性、機械的強
度を有する網、エキスパンドメタル、または多孔質成型
材により構成され、カラムの厚みあるいは径が１００
ａｍ以下、好ましくは５〜３０關とすることができる。Furthermore, the activated carbon column of the present invention is constructed of a corrosion-resistant and mechanically strong mesh, expanded metal, or porous molded material having a hole diameter smaller than the particle diameter of the granular biological activated carbon, and the column thickness or diameter is 100
am or less, preferably 5 to 30 degrees.
（作用）
この発明の生物活性炭処理装置では、下部の散気管から
空気または酸素含有ガスを槽内に供給して槽内の空間カ
ラム中を上昇させる。この気体の槽内上昇にともなって
被処理水も固定床の部分を上昇する循環流となる。(Function) In the biological activated carbon treatment apparatus of the present invention, air or oxygen-containing gas is supplied into the tank from the lower diffuser pipe and is caused to rise in the space column within the tank. As this gas rises in the tank, the water to be treated also rises in the fixed bed part, forming a circulating flow.
そこで、この循環流に乗って被処理水が固定床の部分を
上方に通過する時に活性炭カラム中の生物活性炭と接触
して生物処理され、循環して槽内の下側に戻り、再び循
環流に乗って固定床を上昇して活性炭カラムの生物活性
炭と接触し、生物処理され、この繰り返しにより生物処
理が行える。When the water to be treated passes upward through the fixed bed in this circulating flow, it comes into contact with the biological activated carbon in the activated carbon column and undergoes biological treatment, then circulates and returns to the bottom of the tank, where it is circulated again. The activated carbon column rides up the fixed bed and comes into contact with the biological activated carbon in the activated carbon column, where it is subjected to biological treatment.By repeating this process, biological treatment can be performed.
また、空気または酸素含有ガスの空間カラム通過により
被処理水中の溶存酸素量が大きくなり、生物活性炭の微
生物の活動を活発化でき、効果的な生物処理ができる。In addition, the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water to be treated increases by passing air or oxygen-containing gas through the spatial column, and the activity of microorganisms in the biological activated carbon can be activated, allowing effective biological treatment.
またこの発明の請求項２の生物活性炭処理装置では、切
換え手段により左右いずれか一方の散気管から空気また
は酸素含有ガスを供給して空間カラムを上昇させること
により上方の固定床において上向流を形威し、逆に反対
側の固定床では下向流を形成し、槽内金体において循環
流を形成することができる。Further, in the biological activated carbon treatment apparatus according to claim 2 of the present invention, air or oxygen-containing gas is supplied from either the left or right diffuser pipe by the switching means to raise the spatial column, thereby creating an upward flow in the fixed bed above. Conversely, a downward flow can be formed in the fixed bed on the opposite side, and a circulating flow can be formed in the metal body in the tank.
そして、生物活性炭による高度処理が進行して汚濁物質
の蓄積が多くなれば、切換え手段により空気または酸素
含有ガスの注入する散気管を切換えることによりそれま
での循環流と逆向きの循環流を形成し、それまでに固定
床の活性炭カラムに蓄積している汚濁物を逆洗する形で
取り去ることができ、長期に渡る連続処理が可能となる
。When the advanced treatment using biological activated carbon progresses and the accumulation of pollutants increases, a switching means is used to switch the diffuser tube into which air or oxygen-containing gas is injected, creating a circulating flow in the opposite direction to the previous circulating flow. However, the pollutants that have accumulated in the fixed-bed activated carbon column can be removed by backwashing, making continuous treatment possible over a long period of time.
（実施例） 以下、この発明の実施例を図に基づいて詳説する。(Example) Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be explained in detail based on the drawings.
第１図はこの発明の一実施例の構成を示しており、生物
活性炭処理装置９は処理槽１８の内部下方に散気管１９
が設けられ、外部から空気または酸素含有ガス２０がこ
の散気管１つを通して槽内に注入される。FIG. 1 shows the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention, in which a biological activated carbon treatment device 9 has an aeration pipe 19 disposed below inside a treatment tank 18.
is provided, and air or oxygen-containing gas 20 is injected from the outside into the tank through this one diffuser pipe.
散気管１つの上方には固定床２１が設けられている。こ
の固定床２１は、気体と被処理水が上下方向に通過する
ことのできる空間カラム２２と、粒状生物活性炭２３が
充填された活性炭カラム２４とを混在するように配置し
た構成であり、固定床２１の外側に下向流路２５が形成
されている。A fixed bed 21 is provided above one of the air diffusers. This fixed bed 21 has a configuration in which a spatial column 22 through which gas and water to be treated can pass vertically and an activated carbon column 24 filled with granular biological activated carbon 23 are arranged in a mixed manner. A downward flow path 25 is formed on the outside of 21.
活性炭カラム２４に充填される粒状活性炭は従来例で用
いられているものと同様であり、活性炭カラム２４のカ
ラム外筒には耐蝕性、機械的強度のある網、エキスパン
ドメタル、多孔質成型材等が用いられ、穴径は内部に充
填される粒状活性炭の径よりも小さいものとする。The granular activated carbon packed in the activated carbon column 24 is the same as that used in conventional examples, and the column outer cylinder of the activated carbon column 24 is made of corrosion-resistant and mechanically strong mesh, expanded metal, porous molding material, etc. is used, and the hole diameter shall be smaller than the diameter of the granular activated carbon filled inside.
次に、上記の構成の生物活性炭処理装置の動作について
説明する。Next, the operation of the biological activated carbon treatment apparatus having the above configuration will be explained.
まず処理効率を向上させる目的で酸素リッチ条件下で生
物反応を行うために、空気または酸素含有ガス２０を散
気管１つから被処理水中に注入する。First, air or oxygen-containing gas 20 is injected into the water to be treated through one diffuser pipe in order to carry out a biological reaction under oxygen-rich conditions for the purpose of improving treatment efficiency.
注入された気体は気泡となって活性炭カラム２４間の空
間カラム２２を通って上方の水面まで上向流となって上
昇する。この気体の上昇の際、被処理水も下部から上部
に向かう上向流が生じ、活性炭カラム２４に充填されて
いる粒状生物活性炭２３が気泡と被処理水とに接触する
。The injected gas becomes bubbles and flows upward through the space columns 22 between the activated carbon columns 24 to the water surface above. When this gas rises, the water to be treated also flows upward from the bottom to the top, and the granular biological activated carbon 23 filled in the activated carbon column 24 comes into contact with the air bubbles and the water to be treated.
ここで、充填されている粒状生物活性炭２３は変動する
ことなく完全に固定されているので、微弱ではあるが有
効な微生物コロニー、生物膜を生成すると同時に安定に
保持することができる。したがって、粒状生物活性炭２
３の表面では酸素リッチ条件下で吸着と並行して生成し
た微生物コロニー、生物膜によるアンモニアの硝化除去
、および吸着有機物の生成代謝による硝化除去などの浄
化作用が効率的に行われる。Here, since the filled granular biological activated carbon 23 is completely fixed without fluctuation, a weak but effective microbial colony and biofilm can be generated and stably maintained at the same time. Therefore, granular biological activated carbon 2
On the surface of No. 3, purification effects such as nitrification and removal of ammonia by microbial colonies and biofilms generated in parallel with adsorption under oxygen-rich conditions, and nitrification and removal by the production and metabolism of adsorbed organic matter are efficiently performed.
なお、浄化処理後の処理水は水面まで上昇し、ついで固
定床２１の外側の下向流路２５を下向流となって処理槽
１８の下部まで達し、その後再び上向流となって固定床
２１の空間カラム２２の部分を上昇し、循環する。The treated water after the purification process rises to the water surface, then flows downward through the downward flow path 25 outside the fixed bed 21 to reach the lower part of the treatment tank 18, and then flows upward again and is fixed. Part of the space column 22 of the bed 21 is raised and circulated.
このようにして、被処理水は処理槽１８内で繰り返し循
環して生物処理され、生物反応に必要な処理時間が確保
されて効率の高い処理が行なわれることになる。In this way, the water to be treated is repeatedly circulated within the treatment tank 18 and subjected to biological treatment, and the treatment time required for the biological reaction is secured, resulting in highly efficient treatment.
こうして生物処理された処理水は、第３図に示す従来例
のように次段の砂濾過装置１１のような処理槽へ送り出
される。The treated water that has been biologically treated in this manner is sent to a treatment tank such as a sand filter device 11 at the next stage, as in the conventional example shown in FIG.
第２図はこの発明の他の実施例を示すものであり、処理
槽１８が中央の仕切板２６により左室２７と右室２８と
に分割されており、この左室２７と右室２８とは仕切板
２６の下方の連通部２つにより連通している。FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the processing tank 18 is divided into a left chamber 27 and a right chamber 28 by a central partition plate 26. are communicated through two communicating portions below the partition plate 26.
左室２７、右室２８それぞれの下部に散気管１９ａ、１
９ｂが設けられ、各散気管１９ａ、１９ｂの上方位置に
固定床２１ａ、２１ｂが設けられている。Diffusion pipes 19a and 1 are installed at the bottom of the left ventricle 27 and the right ventricle 28, respectively.
9b is provided, and fixed beds 21a, 21b are provided above each diffuser pipe 19a, 19b.
散気管１９ａ、１９ｂには切換え弁３０ａ ３０ｂが設
けられ、これらの開閉の切換えにより左右の散気管１９
ａ、１９ｂから空気または酸素含有ガス２０を交互に切
換えて注入できるようになっている。Switching valves 30a and 30b are provided on the air diffuser pipes 19a and 19b, and by switching the opening and closing of these valves, the left and right air diffuser pipes 19
Air or oxygen-containing gas 20 can be alternately injected from a and 19b.
固定床２１ａ、２１ｂは第１図と同様に空間カラム２２
と活性炭カラム２４とが混在するように配置された構成
である。Fixed beds 21a and 21b are space columns 22 as in FIG.
The activated carbon column 24 is arranged in a mixed manner.
次に、上記の構成の生物活性炭処理装置の動作について
説明する。Next, the operation of the biological activated carbon treatment apparatus having the above configuration will be explained.
まず散気管１９ｂ側の弁３０ｂを開いて右室２８に空気
または酸素含有ガス２０を注入する状態にしたとすると
、左室２７に導入されてくる被処理水はまず空気または
酸素含有ガス２０の注入されていない左室２７の固定床
２１ａの空間カラム２２部分を降下して下部に達し、こ
の流下の間に活性炭カラム２４に充填されている生物活
性炭と溶存酸素により吸着および生物反応が行われる。First, if the valve 30b on the diffuser pipe 19b side is opened to inject air or oxygen-containing gas 20 into the right chamber 28, the water to be treated introduced into the left chamber 27 will first be filled with air or oxygen-containing gas 20. It descends through the space column 22 portion of the fixed bed 21a of the left ventricle 27 that is not injected and reaches the lower part, and during this flow, adsorption and biological reactions are performed by the biological activated carbon and dissolved oxygen packed in the activated carbon column 24. .
左室２７の下部に達した被処理水は、仕切板２６の下方
の連通部２９を通って右室２８に入り込む。The water to be treated that has reached the lower part of the left chamber 27 enters the right chamber 28 through the communication section 29 below the partition plate 26.
この右室２８では、弁３０ｂが開かれていて、空気また
は酸素含有ガス２０が散気管１９ｂから被処理水中に導
入され、気泡となって固定床２１ｂの空間カラム２２の
部分を上昇し、同時に被処理水の流も上向流となって固
定床２１ｂを上昇する。In this right chamber 28, the valve 30b is opened, and air or oxygen-containing gas 20 is introduced into the water to be treated from the aeration pipe 19b, becomes bubbles and rises in the space column 22 part of the fixed bed 21b, and at the same time The flow of the water to be treated also becomes an upward flow and ascends the fixed bed 21b.
そしてこの右室２８の固定床２１ｂの部分では、活性炭
カラム２４において粒状生物活性炭と水中のアンモニア
や溶存有機物の吸着と微生物代謝が酸素リッチ条件下で
行われ、高効率浄化が得られる。In the fixed bed 21b of the right ventricle 28, the activated carbon column 24 adsorbs the granular biological activated carbon, ammonia and dissolved organic matter in water, and metabolizes microorganisms under oxygen-rich conditions, resulting in highly efficient purification.
浄化され水面まで上昇した被処理水は、その−部が処理
水として次段の処理槽側へ送り出され、一部が仕切板２
６の上を越えて左室２７に還流し、再び下向流として固
定床２１ａを降下し、循環流となる。The treated water that has been purified and has risen to the water surface is sent to the next stage of treatment tank as treated water, and a part of it is sent to the next stage treatment tank side.
6, flows back into the left ventricle 27, and descends again through the fixed bed 21a as a downward flow, becoming a circulating flow.
以上の処理を継続すると酸素注入側の右室２８の固定床
２１ｂの活性炭カラム２４およびその中の粒状生物活性
炭２３へ被処理水に含まれるフロックや懸濁物の一部が
付着してくるので浄化性能が低下するようになる。If the above treatment is continued, some of the flocs and suspended matter contained in the water to be treated will adhere to the activated carbon column 24 of the fixed bed 21b of the right chamber 28 on the oxygen injection side and the granular biological activated carbon 23 therein. Purification performance will decrease.
そこで、これを除去するために定期的に空気または酸素
含有ガス２０の注入を左右切換える。つまり、いままで
用いていた弁３０ｂを閉じ、反対側の弁３０ａを開くこ
とにより空気または酸素含有ガス２０を左室２７の散気
管１９ａから固定床２１ａに注入するようにし、第２図
の矢印とは逆向きの循環流を処理槽１８内に形成し、被
処理水の生物反応による浄化と共に、それまで空気また
は酸素含有ガスの注入されていなかった左室２７の固定
床２１Ｈの付着物を剥離して除去するようにする。Therefore, in order to remove this, the injection of air or oxygen-containing gas 20 is periodically switched between left and right. In other words, the air or oxygen-containing gas 20 is injected from the diffuser pipe 19a of the left ventricle 27 into the fixed bed 21a by closing the valve 30b that has been used and opening the valve 30a on the opposite side, as shown by the arrow in FIG. A circulating flow in the opposite direction is formed in the treatment tank 18, and the water to be treated is purified by a biological reaction, and the deposits on the fixed bed 21H of the left chamber 27, which had not been injected with air or oxygen-containing gas, are removed. Peel it off and remove it.
このようにすれば、従来のような短期間の間の逆洗を必
要とせず、長期に渡って連続的な生物反応運転ができる
のである。In this way, continuous biological reaction operation can be performed over a long period of time without requiring backwashing for a short period of time as in the conventional method.
［発明の効果］
以上のようにこの発明によれば、固定床において空間カ
ラムと活性炭カラムとを混在するように設け、下方の散
気管からの空気または酸素含有ガスの注入により固定床
の空間カラムに上向流を形成し、これに伴って被処理水
の上向流をも形成するようにして活性炭カラムの生物活
性炭と被処理水を接触させ、生物反応させるようにして
いるため、活性炭カラム中の生物活性炭の表面に蓄積し
ている微生物膜を剥離させることがなく、散気管からの
空気または酸素含有ガスにより十分な溶存酸素濃度の下
に生物反応による被処理水の高度処理ができ、さらに処
理槽中に空気または酸素含有ガスを注入することにより
被処理水の循環流を形成することができ、被処理水を固
定床中に何度も通過させることができて生物反応による
被処理水の効率的な高度処理が実現できる。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, a spatial column and an activated carbon column are provided in a fixed bed so as to coexist, and the spatial column of the fixed bed is The biological activated carbon in the activated carbon column and the water to be treated are brought into contact with each other to cause a biological reaction. Without peeling off the microbial film accumulated on the surface of the biological activated carbon inside, the water to be treated can be highly treated by biological reaction under a sufficient dissolved oxygen concentration using air or oxygen-containing gas from the aeration pipe. Furthermore, by injecting air or oxygen-containing gas into the treatment tank, a circulating flow of the water to be treated can be formed, and the water to be treated can be passed through the fixed bed many times, allowing the water to be treated by biological reactions. Efficient advanced water treatment can be achieved.
さらにこの発明の請求項２の生物活性炭処理装置では処
理槽を仕切板で左右に分割し、左右画室に固定床を設け
ると共に各固定床の下方に散気管を設け、切換え手段に
より左右の散気管からの空気または酸素含有ガスの注入
を切換えることができるようにしているため、固定床の
活性炭カラムに付着したフロックや懸濁物の付着を逆向
きの循環流の形成によって除去することができ、長期に
渡って効率的な生物反応を連続的に行える。Furthermore, in the biological activated carbon treatment apparatus according to claim 2 of the present invention, the treatment tank is divided into left and right parts by a partition plate, fixed beds are provided in the left and right compartments, and aeration pipes are provided below each fixed bed, and the left and right aeration pipes are connected by switching means. Since the injection of air or oxygen-containing gas from the column can be switched, flocs and suspended matter adhering to the fixed-bed activated carbon column can be removed by forming a circulating flow in the opposite direction. Efficient biological reactions can be carried out continuously over a long period of time.
第１図はこの発明の請求項１の一実施例の生物活性炭処
理装置の系統図、第２図はこの発明の請求項２の一実施
例の生物活性炭処理装置の系統図、第３図は一般的な上
水高度処理システムの説明図、第４図は従来の生物活性
炭処理装置の系統図である。
９・・・生物活性炭処理装置
１８・・・処理槽
１９．１９ａ、１９ｂ・・・散気管
２０・・・空気または酸素含有ガス
２１．２１ａ、２１ｂ−・・固定床
２２・・・空間カラム
２３・・・粒状生物活性炭 ２４・・・活性炭カラム２
５・・・循環路 ２６・・・仕切板２７・・・
左室 ２８・・・右室２９・・・連通部
３０ａ、３０ｂ・・・切換え弁FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a biological activated carbon treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of claim 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a biological activated carbon treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of claim 2 of this invention, and FIG. An explanatory diagram of a general advanced water treatment system, FIG. 4 is a system diagram of a conventional biological activated carbon treatment device. 9...Biological activated carbon treatment device 18...Treatment tank 19.19a, 19b...Aeration pipe 20...Air or oxygen-containing gas 21.21a, 21b...Fixed bed 22...Space column 23 ... Granular biological activated carbon 24 ... Activated carbon column 2
5... Circulation path 26... Partition plate 27...
Left ventricle 28...Right ventricle 29...Communication portions 30a, 30b...Switching valve
Claims (3)
カラムと、粒状生物活性炭を充填した活性炭カラムとを
混在するように設けて固定床を形成し、槽内下部にこの
固定床に向けて空気または酸素含有ガスを注入する散気
管を設けて成る生物活性炭処理装置。(1) A fixed bed is formed by providing a space column through which gas and liquid can pass vertically in the tank and an activated carbon column filled with granular biological activated carbon, and this fixed bed is placed in the lower part of the tank. A biological activated carbon treatment device that is equipped with an aeration tube that injects air or oxygen-containing gas towards the target.
上下に被処理水の循環の余地を残しながら槽を左右に分
割し、上下方向に気体と液体とが通過できる空間カラム
と粒状生物活性炭を充填した活性炭カラムとを混在する
ように配置した固定床を前記仕切板の左右両側に設け、
左右各々の固定床の下方に空気または酸素含有ガスを注
入する散気管を設け、これら左右の散気管に対する外部
からの空気または酸素含有ガスの供給の切換え手段を設
けて成る生物活性炭処理装置。(2) By arranging a partition plate in the center of the tank, the tank is divided into left and right sides while leaving room for circulation of the water to be treated above and below the partition plate, creating a spatial column through which gas and liquid can pass in the vertical direction. Fixed beds arranged in a mixed manner with activated carbon columns filled with granular biological activated carbon are provided on both left and right sides of the partition plate,
A biological activated carbon treatment device comprising aeration pipes for injecting air or oxygen-containing gas below each of the left and right fixed beds, and means for switching the supply of air or oxygen-containing gas from the outside to the left and right aeration pipes.
性炭の粒径よりも小さい径の穴径を有する耐蝕性、機械
的強度を有する網、エキスパンドメタル、または多孔質
成型材により構成され、カラムの厚みあるいは径が１０
０ｍｍ以下、好ましくは５〜３０ｍｍであることを特徴
とする請求項１または２の生物活性炭処理装置。(3) The activated carbon column in the fixed bed is composed of a corrosion-resistant and mechanically strong mesh, expanded metal, or porous molded material having a hole diameter smaller than the particle diameter of the granular biological activated carbon. Thickness or diameter is 10
The biological activated carbon treatment device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the diameter is 0 mm or less, preferably 5 to 30 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1172863A JPH0338290A (en) | 1989-07-06 | 1989-07-06 | Biologically activated carbon water-treatment apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1172863A JPH0338290A (en) | 1989-07-06 | 1989-07-06 | Biologically activated carbon water-treatment apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0338290A true JPH0338290A (en) | 1991-02-19 |
Family
ID=15949694
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1172863A Pending JPH0338290A (en) | 1989-07-06 | 1989-07-06 | Biologically activated carbon water-treatment apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0338290A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006116376A (en) * | 2004-10-19 | 2006-05-11 | Chubu Electric Power Co Inc | Waste water treatment system |
| JP2010194541A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2010-09-09 | Chubu Electric Power Co Inc | Waste water treatment system |
| JP2014046217A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2014-03-17 | Toshiba Corp | Organic waste water treatment unit, and organic waste water treatment system using the same |
-
1989
- 1989-07-06 JP JP1172863A patent/JPH0338290A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006116376A (en) * | 2004-10-19 | 2006-05-11 | Chubu Electric Power Co Inc | Waste water treatment system |
| JP4563134B2 (en) * | 2004-10-19 | 2010-10-13 | 中部電力株式会社 | Wastewater treatment system |
| JP2010194541A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2010-09-09 | Chubu Electric Power Co Inc | Waste water treatment system |
| JP2014046217A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2014-03-17 | Toshiba Corp | Organic waste water treatment unit, and organic waste water treatment system using the same |
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