JPH0336972A - Ultrasonic motor - Google Patents

Ultrasonic motor

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Publication number
JPH0336972A
JPH0336972A JP1170786A JP17078689A JPH0336972A JP H0336972 A JPH0336972 A JP H0336972A JP 1170786 A JP1170786 A JP 1170786A JP 17078689 A JP17078689 A JP 17078689A JP H0336972 A JPH0336972 A JP H0336972A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
elastic body
movable element
plane
shape
ultrasonic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP1170786A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masaki Yamaguchi
昌樹 山口
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Brother Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Brother Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brother Industries Ltd filed Critical Brother Industries Ltd
Priority to JP1170786A priority Critical patent/JPH0336972A/en
Publication of JPH0336972A publication Critical patent/JPH0336972A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable a rotational motion by equipping an elastic body having a second plane almost perpendicularly intersecting to a first plane, first and second exciting means, an ultrasonic vibrator fixing the elastic body, and a movable element; by forming the movable element into an almost discoidal, cylindrical or annular shape; and by bringing the vibrator into contact with the internal or external curved surface or plane of the movable element. CONSTITUTION:In an ultrasonic vibrator 11, a first piezoelectric body 22 is attached to the top face of an elastic body 21 of rectangular plane shape and second piezoelectric bodies 23a, 23b are attached to the sides almost perpendicularly intersecting to the attached face. The longitudinal center of the elastic body 21 is secured by fixing bolts 24a, 24b and another end thereof is fixed to bases 25a, 25b. When the amplitude and phase of an applied voltage to the first and second piezoelectric bodies 22, 23a, 23b are adjusted, the elastic body 21 generates an almost elliptical vibration of arbitrary shape. When the vibrator 11 is brought into contact with the external curved surface of a movable element, a bearing member is freely rotatable. Thus, it is possible to obtain an ultrasonic motor capable of a rotational motion.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 [産業上の利用分野] 本発明は、略楕円振動を励振する超音波振動子を用いた
回転型超音波モータの改良に関するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an improvement in a rotary ultrasonic motor using an ultrasonic vibrator that excites substantially elliptical vibrations.

[従来技術] 従来、上記のような超音波振動子は主に定在波型超音波
モータに利用されている。
[Prior Art] Conventionally, the above-mentioned ultrasonic transducers have been mainly used in standing wave type ultrasonic motors.

定在波型超音波モータの動作原理は、略楕円運動が励起
される超音波振動子に対して所定圧力で移動子を当接さ
せ、略楕円運動する各質点と移動子との摩擦力により移
動子を駆動するものである。
The operating principle of a standing wave type ultrasonic motor is that a moving element is brought into contact with a predetermined pressure against an ultrasonic vibrator that is excited in approximately elliptical motion, and the friction force between each mass point moving approximately in an elliptical manner and the moving element is used. It drives the mover.

定在波型超音波振動子は、高効率振動を実現する構成が
得やすいために、定在波型モータは進行波型モータに比
較して高効率大出力という長所がある。
Since the standing wave type ultrasonic vibrator can easily be configured to realize highly efficient vibration, the standing wave type motor has the advantage of high efficiency and large output compared to the traveling wave type motor.

従来の定在波型モータに利用される超音波振動子は、略
楕円運動を高効率に励起するために弾性体と励振体との
接触面では単一方向振動を、また一方、弾性体と移動子
との接触面では楕円振動を行う固有振動モードを有する
機械共振系を用いることで略楕円運動を得ている。
The ultrasonic vibrator used in conventional standing wave motors generates unidirectional vibration at the contact surface between the elastic body and the exciting body in order to excite approximately elliptical motion with high efficiency. At the contact surface with the mover, approximately elliptical motion is obtained by using a mechanical resonance system having a natural vibration mode that performs elliptical vibration.

このような超音波振動子は、特願平1−46866号公
報に添付した明細書及び図面より提案されている。
Such an ultrasonic transducer has been proposed from the specification and drawings attached to Japanese Patent Application No. 1-46866.

[発明が解決しようとする課題] しかしながら、上述の超音波モータでは、前記可動子の
形状を棒状としていたため、直線運動しか得られなかっ
た。
[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the above-mentioned ultrasonic motor, since the movable element has a rod shape, only linear motion can be obtained.

本発明は、上述した問題点を解決するためになされたも
のであり、超音波振動子の形状を変更することなく、可
動子形状を変更することによって、回転運動可能な超音
波モータを得ることをその目的としている。
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and provides an ultrasonic motor capable of rotational movement by changing the shape of the mover without changing the shape of the ultrasonic transducer. is its purpose.

さらに、また該可動子の形状寸法により、任意のトルク
を得るこεが可能な超音波モータを得ることをその目的
としている。
Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an ultrasonic motor that can obtain arbitrary torque ε depending on the shape and dimensions of the movable element.

[課題を解決するための手段] この目的を達成するために本発明の超音波モータは、第
1平面と、該第1平面に対し略直交する第2平面とを有
した弾性体と、該弾性体の第1平面に着設され、該弾性
体に少なくとも曲げ振動を励振する第1励振手段と、前
記弾性体の第2平面に着設させ、該弾性体に少なくεも
縦振動を励振する第2励振手段と、前記第1励振手段に
よる励振により発生する定在波の節部であって、且つ第
2励振子段による励振により発生する定在波の節部とな
る位置において前記弾性体を固定する固定手段とを有し
た超音波振動子と、可動子とを備え、該可動子は略円板
、略円筒或いは略円環形状を有し、前記超音波振動子は
該可動子の内側又は外側曲面或いは可動子平面に当接し
ているという構成をとっている。
[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve this object, the ultrasonic motor of the present invention includes an elastic body having a first plane and a second plane substantially perpendicular to the first plane; a first excitation means attached to a first plane of the elastic body to excite at least bending vibration in the elastic body; and a first excitation means attached to a second plane of the elastic body to excite longitudinal vibration of at least ε in the elastic body; a second excitation means, and a node of the standing wave generated by the excitation by the first excitation means, and a node of the standing wave generated by the excitation by the second exciter stage. an ultrasonic transducer having a fixing means for fixing a body; and a movable element, the movable element having a substantially circular plate, a substantially cylindrical, or an annular shape; The movable member is in contact with the inner or outer curved surface or the plane of the mover.

[作用] 上記の構成を有する本発明の超音波モータは、前記可動
子が略円板、円筒或いは円環形状を有し、回転可能なよ
うに支持されており、前記超音波振動子が該可動子の任
意の面に圧着されている。
[Function] In the ultrasonic motor of the present invention having the above configuration, the movable element has a substantially disk, cylindrical, or annular shape and is rotatably supported, and the ultrasonic vibrator It is crimped onto any surface of the mover.

このとき、該超音波振動子に所定周波数fの交流電圧を
印加すると、略楕円振動が励振される。
At this time, when an alternating current voltage of a predetermined frequency f is applied to the ultrasonic transducer, approximately elliptical vibration is excited.

よって、前記可動子は前記圧着力に応じた摩擦力を受け
、回転運動を行なう。
Therefore, the movable element receives a frictional force corresponding to the pressing force and performs a rotational movement.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

以下、本発明を具体化した一実施例を図面を参照して説
明する。
An embodiment embodying the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

本発明の超音波モータに用いる超音波振動子は、特願平
1−46866号に見られる超音波振動子を用いる。
The ultrasonic vibrator used in the ultrasonic motor of the present invention is the ultrasonic vibrator disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 1-46866.

第1図乃至第2図は、本実施例の超音波振動子を示した
ものである。本実施例の超音波振動子11は、矩形平板
形状を有する弾性体21の上面に、該弾性体21に曲げ
振動を励振するための第1圧電体22が着設されている
。該弾性体21において、前記着設面と略直交する側面
には、該弾性体21に縦振動を励振するための第2圧電
体23a及び23bが着設されている。
1 and 2 show the ultrasonic transducer of this embodiment. In the ultrasonic transducer 11 of this embodiment, a first piezoelectric body 22 for exciting bending vibration in the elastic body 21 is attached to the upper surface of an elastic body 21 having a rectangular flat plate shape. In the elastic body 21, second piezoelectric bodies 23a and 23b for exciting longitudinal vibration in the elastic body 21 are attached to the side surfaces substantially orthogonal to the mounting surface.

前記弾性体21の長手方向中心は、該弾性体21を固定
するための固定ボルト24a及び24bにより固定され
ている。該固定ボルト24a及び24bの他の一端は、
基台25a及び25bに固定されている。
The longitudinal center of the elastic body 21 is fixed by fixing bolts 24a and 24b for fixing the elastic body 21. The other ends of the fixing bolts 24a and 24b are
It is fixed to bases 25a and 25b.

前記第1圧電体22の上面には、電極26が着設されて
いる。また前記第2圧電体23a及び23bの上面には
電極27a及び27bが着設されている。また前記弾性
体21自身は、アース電極を兼ねており、該弾性体は前
記固定ボルト24a及び24bを介−して基台25a及
び25bに接地されている。
An electrode 26 is provided on the upper surface of the first piezoelectric body 22 . Further, electrodes 27a and 27b are installed on the upper surfaces of the second piezoelectric bodies 23a and 23b. The elastic body 21 itself also serves as a ground electrode, and is grounded to the bases 25a and 25b via the fixing bolts 24a and 24b.

更に該弾性体21はその厚さ方向に所定の周波数fにお
いて両端自由端2次モードで曲げ振動し、且つ同一の周
波数fにより長さ方向に両端自由端1次モードで縦振動
するように形状寸法を調節されている。
Further, the elastic body 21 is shaped so that it bends and vibrates in a secondary mode at both free ends in the thickness direction at a predetermined frequency f, and longitudinally vibrates in a primary mode at both free ends in the length direction at the same frequency f. The dimensions have been adjusted.

一般に弾性体中を伝播する縦振動の共振周期数は、該弾
性体の長さに依存する。また弾性体の厚さ方向の曲げ振
動の共振周波数は、前記長さ及び厚さに依存する。従っ
て、前述のような弾性体2エを設計することは容易であ
るので、その詳細は省く。
Generally, the number of resonance periods of longitudinal vibration propagating in an elastic body depends on the length of the elastic body. Further, the resonance frequency of bending vibration in the thickness direction of the elastic body depends on the length and thickness. Therefore, since it is easy to design the elastic body 2e as described above, the details thereof will be omitted.

以上のように構成された超音波振動子11の作用を以下
に説明する。
The operation of the ultrasonic transducer 11 configured as above will be explained below.

まず、第1圧電体22に周波数fの交流電圧を印加して
振動させると、前記弾性体21は曲げ振動2次モードで
共振し、定在波が励起される。
First, when an alternating current voltage of frequency f is applied to the first piezoelectric body 22 to cause it to vibrate, the elastic body 21 resonates in a secondary mode of bending vibration, and a standing wave is excited.

次に第2圧電体23a及び23bに周波数fの交流電圧
を印加して振動させると、前記弾性体21は縦振動1次
モードで振動し、定在波が励起される。つまり前記固定
ボルト24a及び24bで固定される位置は各定在波の
節となっている。
Next, when an alternating current voltage of frequency f is applied to the second piezoelectric bodies 23a and 23b to cause them to vibrate, the elastic body 21 vibrates in the first mode of longitudinal vibration, and a standing wave is excited. In other words, the positions fixed by the fixing bolts 24a and 24b are the nodes of each standing wave.

このとき、前記第1圧電体22と第2圧電体23a及び
23bに印加する電圧の振幅及び位相を調節すると、前
記弾性体21には任意の形状の略楕円振動を発生するこ
とが可能となる。
At this time, by adjusting the amplitude and phase of the voltage applied to the first piezoelectric body 22 and the second piezoelectric bodies 23a and 23b, it becomes possible to generate approximately elliptical vibration of an arbitrary shape in the elastic body 21. .

次に前述した超音波振動子11を好適に利用する超音波
モータの構成について、第3図乃至第6図に基づき説明
する。同図において、第1図乃至第2図と同じ符号の付
された各部材は、前記詳述した各構成部材と同一である
Next, the configuration of an ultrasonic motor that suitably utilizes the ultrasonic transducer 11 described above will be explained based on FIGS. 3 to 6. In this figure, each member labeled with the same reference numeral as in FIGS. 1 and 2 is the same as each component described in detail above.

また、第3図乃至第6図において、第3図(a)。Moreover, in FIGS. 3 to 6, FIG. 3(a).

第4図(a)、第5図(a)、第6図(a)は超音波モ
ータの正面図、第3図(b)、第4図(b)。
FIG. 4(a), FIG. 5(a), and FIG. 6(a) are front views of the ultrasonic motor, and FIG. 3(b) and FIG. 4(b).

第5図(b)、第6図(b)はA−A =断面図を示し
ている。
FIG. 5(b) and FIG. 6(b) show AA = cross-sectional views.

第3図において、超音波モータ31は、前記超音波振動
子11の最大振幅点に形成された駆動部32を、円板形
状を有する可動子33の平面に当接した構造をとってい
る。該可動子33は中心部を支持部材34で支持され、
回転可能となっている。同図において、該超音波振動子
11と可動子33との圧着機構は第7図のようになって
いる。
In FIG. 3, the ultrasonic motor 31 has a structure in which a driving portion 32 formed at the maximum amplitude point of the ultrasonic vibrator 11 is in contact with the plane of a movable element 33 having a disk shape. The movable element 33 is supported at its center by a support member 34,
It can be rotated. In the figure, the pressure bonding mechanism between the ultrasonic vibrator 11 and the movable element 33 is as shown in FIG.

該超音波振動子11はホルダ41に前記固定ボルト24
a及び24bにより固定されている。該ホルダ41の突
起41aにはコイルバネ42が配置され、前記支持部材
34の一端に形成されたアーム43のねじ部43aに回
転可能に取り付けられたナツト44により固定されてい
る。その結果、該ナツト44を調節することによって前
記超音波振動子11を前記可動子33に所定圧力で圧着
することができる。
The ultrasonic transducer 11 is attached to the holder 41 by the fixing bolt 24.
a and 24b. A coil spring 42 is disposed on the protrusion 41a of the holder 41, and is fixed by a nut 44 rotatably attached to a threaded portion 43a of an arm 43 formed at one end of the support member 34. As a result, by adjusting the nut 44, the ultrasonic transducer 11 can be pressed onto the movable element 33 with a predetermined pressure.

上述のように構成された超音波モータ31において、超
音波振動子11を励振すると、前記可動子33は前記弾
性体21・に形成された駆動部32の略楕円振動による
駆動力を受け、図中矢印Bの方向へ動く。この駆動力は
、前記駆動部32と前記可動子33との圧着力に起因す
る摩擦力によって発生するものである。
In the ultrasonic motor 31 configured as described above, when the ultrasonic vibrator 11 is excited, the movable element 33 receives a driving force due to the approximately elliptical vibration of the driving part 32 formed in the elastic body 21, and as shown in FIG. Move in the direction of middle arrow B. This driving force is generated by a frictional force caused by the pressing force between the drive section 32 and the movable element 33.

さらに、前記超音波振動子11を該可動子33の外側曲
面に当接した一実施例を第4図に示す。
Furthermore, an embodiment in which the ultrasonic transducer 11 is brought into contact with the outer curved surface of the movable element 33 is shown in FIG.

同図において、前記圧着機構は省略しである。In the figure, the crimping mechanism is omitted.

また、該可動子33を円環形状とした場合の一実施例を
第5図に、円筒形状とした場合の一実施例を第6図に示
す。ここに、支持部材34は可動子33に対して回転自
由となっている。これらの実施例によっても、回転型超
音波モータが得られる。
Further, FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which the mover 33 has an annular shape, and FIG. 6 shows an embodiment in which the mover 33 has a cylindrical shape. Here, the support member 34 is free to rotate relative to the movable element 33. These embodiments also provide a rotary ultrasonic motor.

尚、上記実施例では縦振動1次モードと曲げ振動2次モ
ードを例にとって説明したが、縦振動と曲げ振動の共振
周波数が大幅一致し、同時に少なくとも1力所以上で該
2方向振動の節を一致させられるならば、さらに高次モ
ードを利用することも可能である。
In the above embodiment, the first mode of longitudinal vibration and the second mode of bending vibration were explained as examples. It is also possible to use higher-order modes if it is possible to match them.

更に、上記実施例は振動子の駆動素子として圧電体を使
用したが、これに限定されるものではなく電気エネルギ
ーを機械エネルギーに変換できるその他の素子、例えば
電歪素子、磁歪素子等を用いてもよい。また、実施例で
は超音波振動子の形状を平板状とする例について説明し
たが、長さ方向に振動、軸方向に曲げ振動が励起され、
略楕円運動が発生するものならばその形状は平板形状に
限定されるものではなく、略棒状或いは略円筒状、略方
形状などを用いてもよい。その他、本発明の趣旨を逸脱
しない範囲で種々の変形が可能である。
Furthermore, although the above embodiment uses a piezoelectric material as the driving element of the vibrator, it is not limited to this, and other elements capable of converting electrical energy into mechanical energy, such as an electrostrictive element, a magnetostrictive element, etc., may be used. Good too. In addition, in the embodiment, an example in which the ultrasonic vibrator is shaped like a flat plate is explained, but vibration is excited in the longitudinal direction and bending vibration is excited in the axial direction.
As long as a substantially elliptical motion occurs, the shape is not limited to a flat plate shape, and may be a substantially rod shape, a substantially cylindrical shape, a substantially rectangular shape, or the like. In addition, various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

〔発明の効果] 以上詳述したことから明らかなように、本発明によれば
、可動子形状を変更することによって、任意のトルクを
得ることが可能な回転型超音波モータを得ることができ
る。
[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the detailed description above, according to the present invention, by changing the shape of the mover, it is possible to obtain a rotary ultrasonic motor that can obtain any torque. .

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図から第7図までは本発明を具体化した実施例を示
すもので、第1図は、本発明に用いる超音波振動子の上
面を示す図、第2図は上記超音波振動子の側面を示す図
、第3図乃至第6図は本発明を適用する超音波モータの
正面及び断面図、第7図は圧着機構の構成を示す図であ
る。 図中、11は超音波振動子、21は弾性体、22は第1
圧電体、23は第2圧電体、24は固定ボルト、31は
超音波モータ、33は可動子である。
1 to 7 show embodiments embodying the present invention, FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the top surface of the ultrasonic transducer used in the present invention, and FIG. 3 to 6 are front and sectional views of an ultrasonic motor to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the configuration of a crimping mechanism. In the figure, 11 is an ultrasonic transducer, 21 is an elastic body, and 22 is a first
A piezoelectric body, 23 is a second piezoelectric body, 24 is a fixing bolt, 31 is an ultrasonic motor, and 33 is a movable element.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1、第1平面と、該第1平面に対し略直交する第2平面
とを有した弾性体と、 該弾性体の第1平面に着設され、該弾性体に少なくとも
曲げ振動を励振する第1励振手段と、前記弾性体の第2
平面に着設され、該弾性体に少なくとも縦振動を励振す
る第2励振手段と、前記第1励振手段による励振により
発生する定在波の節部であって、且つ第2励振手段によ
る励振により発生する定在波の節部となる位置において
前記弾性体を固定する固定手段とを有した超音波振動子
と、可動子とを備え、 該可動子は略円板、略円筒或いは略円環形状を有し、前
記超音波振動子は該可動子の内側又は外側曲面或いは該
可動子平面に当接していることを特徴とする回転型超音
波モータ。 2、請求項1記載の超音波モータにおいて、前記弾性体
は略棒形状、略円筒状、略方形状或いは略平板形状を有
することを特徴とする回転型超音波モータ。
[Scope of Claims] 1. An elastic body having a first plane and a second plane substantially perpendicular to the first plane; a first excitation means for exciting bending vibration; and a second excitation means for exciting bending vibration;
a second excitation means that is attached to a plane and excites at least longitudinal vibration in the elastic body; and a node of a standing wave generated by the excitation by the first excitation means; An ultrasonic vibrator having a fixing means for fixing the elastic body at a position that becomes a node of a standing wave to be generated, and a movable element, the movable element having a substantially circular plate, a substantially cylindrical shape, or a substantially circular ring. 1. A rotary ultrasonic motor, wherein the ultrasonic vibrator is in contact with an inner or outer curved surface of the movable element or a flat surface of the movable element. 2. The rotary ultrasonic motor according to claim 1, wherein the elastic body has a substantially rod shape, a substantially cylindrical shape, a substantially rectangular shape, or a substantially flat plate shape.
JP1170786A 1989-06-30 1989-06-30 Ultrasonic motor Pending JPH0336972A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1170786A JPH0336972A (en) 1989-06-30 1989-06-30 Ultrasonic motor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1170786A JPH0336972A (en) 1989-06-30 1989-06-30 Ultrasonic motor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0336972A true JPH0336972A (en) 1991-02-18

Family

ID=15911343

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP1170786A Pending JPH0336972A (en) 1989-06-30 1989-06-30 Ultrasonic motor

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0336972A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19757528A1 (en) * 1997-12-23 1999-07-01 Bosch Gmbh Robert Support for oscillation drive with piezo-electrically excited oscillation element

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19757528A1 (en) * 1997-12-23 1999-07-01 Bosch Gmbh Robert Support for oscillation drive with piezo-electrically excited oscillation element
DE19757528C2 (en) * 1997-12-23 2000-08-10 Bosch Gmbh Robert Bearing for a vibration drive

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