JPH0332277B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0332277B2 JPH0332277B2 JP56207133A JP20713381A JPH0332277B2 JP H0332277 B2 JPH0332277 B2 JP H0332277B2 JP 56207133 A JP56207133 A JP 56207133A JP 20713381 A JP20713381 A JP 20713381A JP H0332277 B2 JPH0332277 B2 JP H0332277B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- stripe
- light
- filter
- color
- pixels
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/10—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from different wavelengths
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Color Television Image Signal Generators (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は、単板式カラーカメラ用固体撮像素
子のカラーストライプフイルタに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a color stripe filter for a solid-state image sensor for a single-chip color camera.
電荷結合素子（CCD）や金属酸化物半導体
（MOS）などを用いた固体撮像素子の受光画素の
ひとつひとつに対して光学的フイルタを設けるこ
とによりひとつの撮像素子でカラー撮像を果すい
くつかの単板カラー化方式が提案されている。特
に第１図に示すような縦方向ストライプフイルタ
は、そのフイルタ構成が簡単なため同じく単板カ
ラー化を実現できる他のモザイクフイルタに比べ
て安価に製作できて量産にも適し、撮像素子の出
力信号を赤（Ｒ）、青（Ｂ）、緑（Ｇ）の三色に対
してサンプリングして分離しさえすれば三色の色
信号が直接得られ、また混合も生じにくいという
利点を持つが、輝度信号Ｙ＝Ｒ＋2G＋Ｂを得る
のにサンプリングで得られたＲ、Ｂ、Ｇの三色信
号をマトリクス回路に通して重み付き加算する必
要があり、また輝度信号の主要成分であるＧ信号
についてはそのアパーチヤーが三画素につき一画
素と狭く、水平方向に三色−三画素を単位とする
サンプリングの繰返しのため、色信号搬送波数が
サンプリング周波数の1/3となり、従つて折り返
し歪を考慮すると利用可能な輝度信号帯域はサン
プリング周波数の1/6までとなり、必要な水平解
像度を得るためには水平画素数を多くしてサンプ
リング周波数を高くしなければならず、さらにＲ
とＢのフイルタストライプが互いに接しているた
め、フイルタを撮像素子に貼り合わせる際の誤差
が、相応するＲ信号とＢ信号との比較的目立ちや
すい混色を生じ、従つてこの貼り合せを極めて高
精度で行なう必要があつた。 A number of single-chip solid-state image sensors that use charge-coupled devices (CCDs), metal oxide semiconductors (MOS), etc., achieve color imaging with a single image sensor by providing an optical filter for each light-receiving pixel of the device. A colorization method has been proposed. In particular, the vertical stripe filter shown in Figure 1 has a simple filter configuration, so it can be manufactured at a lower cost than other mosaic filters that can also achieve single-panel color, and is suitable for mass production. It has the advantage that the color signals of the three colors can be obtained directly by sampling and separating the signals for the three colors red (R), blue (B), and green (G), and mixing is less likely to occur. To obtain the luminance signal Y=R+2G+B, it is necessary to pass the three color signals of R, B, and G obtained by sampling through a matrix circuit and perform weighted addition, and for the G signal, which is the main component of the luminance signal, Its aperture is narrow, one pixel per three pixels, and sampling is repeated horizontally in units of three colors and three pixels, so the number of color signal carrier waves is 1/3 of the sampling frequency, which makes it difficult to use considering aliasing distortion. The possible luminance signal band is up to 1/6 of the sampling frequency, and in order to obtain the necessary horizontal resolution, it is necessary to increase the number of horizontal pixels and raise the sampling frequency.
Since the and B filter stripes are in contact with each other, any error in bonding the filters to the image sensor will result in a relatively noticeable color mixture of the corresponding R and B signals, thus making this bonding extremely precise. It was necessary to do it.
この発明は、ストライプフイルタ本来の特長を
損うことなしに、簡単な信号処理回路で輝度信号
を得ることができ、Ｇ信号フイルタに対するアパ
ーチヤーを等価的に大きくして折り返し歪を軽減
でき、しかも貼り付け誤差によるＲとＢの混色の
発生も抑制できる単板式カラーカメラ用固体撮像
素子のカラーストライプフイルタを提供すること
を目的としている。 This invention makes it possible to obtain a luminance signal with a simple signal processing circuit, without sacrificing the original features of the stripe filter, and to reduce aliasing distortion by equivalently increasing the aperture for the G signal filter. It is an object of the present invention to provide a color stripe filter for a solid-state image sensor for a single-chip color camera, which can suppress the occurrence of color mixture of R and B due to mounting errors.
このような目的を達成するために本発明では、
単板式カラーカメラ用固体撮像素子の各受光画素
への入射光の色選択を行なう三原色カラーストラ
イプフイルタであつて、赤色光だけを透過するＲ
フイルタストライプと緑色光だけを透過するＧフ
イルタストライプと青色光だけを透過するＢフイ
ルタストライプとを順次繰返して並べたものにお
いて、前記ＲフイルタストライプとＢフイルタス
トライプとの間に緑色光だけを透過する別のＧフ
イルタストライプを２つの受光画素の各々の一部
にまたがるように配置してこの別のＧフイルタス
トライプと前記Ｇフイルタストライプとの間に前
記ＲフイルタストライプとＢフイルタストライプ
とが一列ずつ交互に位置するようにしたものであ
る。 In order to achieve such an objective, the present invention
This is a three-primary color stripe filter that selects the color of the light incident on each light-receiving pixel of a solid-state image sensor for a single-chip color camera.
In a structure in which a filter stripe, a G filter stripe that transmits only green light, and a B filter stripe that transmits only blue light are sequentially arranged, only green light is transmitted between the R filter stripe and the B filter stripe. Another G filter stripe is arranged so as to span a part of each of the two light-receiving pixels, and the R filter stripe and the B filter stripe are alternately arranged in rows between the other G filter stripe and the G filter stripe. It was designed to be located at
この発明を図面と共に説明すれば、第２図はこ
の発明に係るカラーストライプフイルタの色配置
を示す模式図で、升目のひとつひとつは固体撮像
素子の受光画素に対応し、Ｒは赤色光だけを透過
するＲフイルタストライプ、Ｂは青色光だけを透
過するＢフイルタストライプ、Ｇは緑色光だけを
透過するＧフイルタストライプ、G′は前記Ｇフ
イルタストライプＧと同様に緑色光だけを透過す
る別のＧフイルタストライプである。このように
Ｒ，Ｇ，Ｂの繰返しにおいて、ＲとＢのストライ
プの間にG′のフイルタストライプを２つの受光
画素の各々の一部にまたがるように配置したこと
がこの発明のひとつの特徴である。 To explain this invention together with the drawings, Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the color arrangement of the color stripe filter according to the invention, where each square corresponds to a light-receiving pixel of a solid-state image sensor, and R transmits only red light. B is a B filter stripe that transmits only blue light, G is a G filter stripe that transmits only green light, and G' is another G filter stripe that transmits only green light, similar to the G filter stripe G. It's striped. One of the features of this invention is that in the repetition of R, G, and B, the G' filter stripe is arranged between the R and B stripes so as to span a part of each of the two light-receiving pixels. be.
本実施例においては、水平走査方向の受光画素
の配列ピツチ（升目ひとつの幅と同じ）をＰとす
るとき、ＧフイルタストライプＧの幅はＰに等し
く、別のＧフイルタストライプG′の幅は1/2Ｐ、
ＲフイルタストライプＲとＢフイルタストライプ
Ｂの幅はそれぞれ3/4Ｐにしてあり、Ｂフイルタ
ストライプＢの全幅と別のＧフイルタストライプ
G′の半幅が１受光画素内に位置するように、同
様にＲフイルタストライプＲの全幅と別のＧフイ
ルタストライプG′の半幅が１受光画素内に位置
するように、そしてＧフイルタストライプＧの全
幅が１受光画素内に位置するように、それぞれ受
光画素に対して整列させた位置関係を与えて固体
撮像素子と合わせるものである。 In this embodiment, when the arrangement pitch of light-receiving pixels in the horizontal scanning direction (same as the width of one square) is P, the width of the G filter stripe G is equal to P, and the width of another G filter stripe G' is 1/2P,
The width of R filter stripe R and B filter stripe B is each 3/4P, and the full width of B filter stripe B and another G filter stripe are set to 3/4P.
Similarly, the full width of the R filter stripe R and the half width of another G filter stripe G' are located within one light receiving pixel, and the half width of the G filter stripe G is located within one light receiving pixel. Each light-receiving pixel is provided with a positional relationship aligned with the light-receiving pixel so that the entire width is located within one light-receiving pixel, and aligned with the solid-state image sensor.
このような本発明のカラーストライプフイルタ
を有する固体撮像素子を水平走査して、その撮像
素子出力信号の低域成分をとり出してみると、色
分解の１サイクルにつき、
３／４Ｒ＋３／４Ｂ＋１／２Ｇ＋Ｇ＝３／４（Ｒ＋2G
＋Ｂ）
の原色信号の組合せが得られ、これをそのまま輝
度信号Ｙ（＝Ｒ＋2G＋Ｂ）として用いることがで
きる。 When horizontally scanning a solid-state image sensor having such a color stripe filter of the present invention and extracting the low frequency component of the image sensor output signal, 3/4R+3/4B+1/2G+G per color separation cycle. =3/4(R+2G
+B) is obtained, which can be used as it is as the luminance signal Y (=R+2G+B).
また水平方向をサンプリングにより色分離する
点については従来のストライプフイルタと同じで
あるが、第２図のカラーストライプフイルタでは
Ｒ信号の代りにR′＝３／４Ｒ＋１／４Ｇが、またＢ信
号の代りにB′＝３／４Ｂ＋１／４Ｇが得られるので、
本来のＲ及びＢ信号を得るためには、R′−１／４Ｇ
＝３／４ＲおよびB′−１／４Ｇ＝３／４Ｂという演算
を行
なえばよいことになる。 Also, color separation in the horizontal direction by sampling is the same as the conventional stripe filter, but in the color stripe filter shown in Figure 2, R' = 3/4R + 1/4G is used instead of the R signal, and R' = 3/4R + 1/4G is used instead of the B signal. Since B' = 3/4B + 1/4G is obtained, in order to obtain the original R and B signals, the calculations R'-1/4G = 3/4R and B'-1/4G = 3/4B are performed. It will be a good thing if you do it.
この発明のカラーストライプフイルタによる固
体撮像素子のカラー化方式では、フイルタと撮像
素子との貼り合せに際して生じる水平走査線方向
の位置ずれは、ＲフイルタストライプＲとＢフイ
ルタストライプＢとの間に別のＧフイルタストラ
イプG′が位置しているので、最も不都合が生じ
る赤と青との混合の発生にならず、この位置ずれ
の影響は色差信号を得るための演算におけるＧ信
号に対する係数を補正してやることで極めて容易
に除去可能である。 In the method of colorizing a solid-state image sensor using the color stripe filter of the present invention, the positional shift in the horizontal scanning line direction that occurs when the filter and the image sensor are bonded is caused by the difference between the R filter stripe R and the B filter stripe B. Since the G filter stripe G' is located, mixing of red and blue, which would cause the most inconvenience, does not occur, and the effect of this positional shift can be corrected by correcting the coefficient for the G signal in the calculation to obtain the color difference signal. It can be removed very easily.
以上に述べたようにこの発明によれば、輝度信
号を単なるフイルタリングで取り出すことができ
るほか等価的に緑色光に対するアパーチヤーを大
きくでき、このアパーチヤー効果によつて折り返
し歪を軽減した輝度信号を得ることが可能となる
ものである。また色差信号についてもこれを容易
に得ることができ、水平走査方向に関するフイル
タと撮像素子との貼り合せ位置ずれ誤差が生じて
も、それによる色差信号への悪影響は極めて小さ
くすることができるものである。 As described above, according to the present invention, the luminance signal can be extracted by simple filtering, and the aperture for green light can be equivalently increased, and by this aperture effect, a luminance signal with reduced aliasing distortion can be obtained. This makes it possible. Furthermore, the color difference signal can be easily obtained, and even if there is a misalignment error in the bonding position between the filter and the image sensor in the horizontal scanning direction, the adverse effect on the color difference signal can be minimized. be.
第１図は従来のカラーストライプフイルタの色
配置を示す模式図、第２図はこの発明にかかるカ
ラーストライプフイルタの色配置を示す模式図で
ある。
Ｒ……Ｒフイルタストライプ、Ｂ……Ｂフイル
タストライプ、Ｇ……Ｇフイルタストライプ、
G′……別のＧフイルタストライプ。
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the color arrangement of a conventional color stripe filter, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the color arrangement of a color stripe filter according to the present invention. R...R filter stripe, B...B filter stripe, G...G filter stripe,
G′...Another G filter stripe.
Claims (1)
子の撮像面の前面に近接して設けられるカラース
トライプフイルタにおいて、 赤色光だけを透過し、前記受光画素の一方向の
ピツチ未満の幅の第１のストライプ領域と、 青色光だけを透過し、前記受光画素の一方向の
ピツチ未満の幅の第２のストライプ領域と、 緑色光だけを透過し、前記画素の一方向のピツ
チと等しい幅の第３のストライプ領域と、 緑色光だけを透過し、前記画素の一方向のピツ
チ未満の幅の第４のストライプ領域とを有し、 前記第１、第２、第３のストライプ領域を前記
画素に対応して任意の順序で周期配列し、 且つ前記第１のストライプ領域と第２のストラ
イプ領域に対応する２つの受光画素列に跨る様
に、前記第４のストライプ領域を配置して、 一受光画素内に前記第１のストライプ領域の全
幅と前記第４のストライプ領域の一部とが配置さ
れ、他の一受光画素内に前記第２のストライプ領
域の全幅と前記第４のストライプ領域の一部とが
配置されていることを特徴とする単板式カラーカ
メラ用固体撮像素子のカラーストライプフイル
タ。[Scope of Claims] 1. A color stripe filter provided close to the front surface of an imaging surface of an image sensor having a large number of light-receiving pixels arranged two-dimensionally, which transmits only red light and filters light in one direction of the light-receiving pixels. a first stripe region having a width less than a pitch; a second stripe region transmitting only blue light and having a width less than a pitch in one direction of the light-receiving pixel; and a second stripe region transmitting only green light and having a width less than a pitch in one direction of the pixel. a third stripe region having a width equal to the pitch of the pixels; and a fourth stripe region that transmits only green light and has a width less than the pitch of the pixels in one direction; The fourth stripe area is arranged periodically in an arbitrary order corresponding to the pixels, and the fourth stripe area is arranged so as to straddle two light-receiving pixel columns corresponding to the first stripe area and the second stripe area. The full width of the first stripe area and a part of the fourth stripe area are arranged in one light-receiving pixel, and the full width of the second stripe area and the fourth stripe area are arranged in another light-receiving pixel. A color stripe filter for a solid-state image sensor for a single-chip color camera, characterized in that a part of a fourth stripe area is arranged.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56207133A JPS58108888A (en) | 1981-12-23 | 1981-12-23 | Color stripe filter of solid-state image pickup element for single plate type color camera |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56207133A JPS58108888A (en) | 1981-12-23 | 1981-12-23 | Color stripe filter of solid-state image pickup element for single plate type color camera |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS58108888A JPS58108888A (en) | 1983-06-29 |
| JPH0332277B2 true JPH0332277B2 (en) | 1991-05-10 |
Family
ID=16534735
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56207133A Granted JPS58108888A (en) | 1981-12-23 | 1981-12-23 | Color stripe filter of solid-state image pickup element for single plate type color camera |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58108888A (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5538790A (en) * | 1978-09-12 | 1980-03-18 | Nec Corp | Color pickup device |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS54115827U (en) * | 1978-02-01 | 1979-08-14 |
-
1981
- 1981-12-23 JP JP56207133A patent/JPS58108888A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5538790A (en) * | 1978-09-12 | 1980-03-18 | Nec Corp | Color pickup device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS58108888A (en) | 1983-06-29 |
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