JPH03276850A - Small electric motor car - Google Patents
Small electric motor carInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03276850A JPH03276850A JP2079831A JP7983190A JPH03276850A JP H03276850 A JPH03276850 A JP H03276850A JP 2079831 A JP2079831 A JP 2079831A JP 7983190 A JP7983190 A JP 7983190A JP H03276850 A JPH03276850 A JP H03276850A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- brake
- braking device
- negative
- electric motor
- small electric
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
- Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は歩行不自由者や高齢者等の歩行が不自由な方に
対する自走型車椅子として、また、ゴルフカート、運搬
車等として使用される小型電動車であって、走行用の電
動モータの停止操作に伴って、走行輪にブレーキ力を作
用させるネガティブブレーキ装置と、操作具の人力操作
によって走行輪にブレーキ力を作用させる制動装置とを
備えてある小型電動車に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention can be used as a self-propelled wheelchair for people with walking disabilities such as disabled people and elderly people, as well as golf carts, transportation vehicles, etc. This is a small electric vehicle, which includes a negative braking device that applies braking force to the running wheels when the electric motor for driving is stopped, and a braking device that applies braking force to the running wheels by manual operation of an operating tool. Regarding small electric vehicles equipped with
従来、この種の小型電動車ではハンドブレーキやフット
ブレーキ等の搭乗者の人力操作で作用するブレーキの他
に、走行の停止操作に伴って直ちに停止させるとともに
駐車ブレーキにもなるネガティブブレーキを備えてあり
、小型電動車を安全に使用できるように構成してあった
。Conventionally, this type of small electric vehicle has been equipped with a hand brake, a foot brake, and other brakes that are operated manually by the passenger, as well as a negative brake that immediately stops the vehicle when the vehicle is stopped and also serves as a parking brake. Yes, it was configured to allow small electric vehicles to be used safely.
前述した小型電動車では通常の走行中に車体を停止させ
るには、ハンドブレーキの操作のみによって制動する。In the above-mentioned small electric vehicle, braking is performed only by operating the handbrake in order to stop the vehicle during normal driving.
ところが、係る電動車の利用者のなかには、手指も若干
不自由であるとか高齢故に体力に乏しい等の理由によっ
てハンドブレーキレバーを十分に握り操作できないこと
かあり、かかる場合には思うように制動できないおそれ
かあった。However, some users of such electric vehicles may not be able to sufficiently grip and operate the handbrake lever due to reasons such as having some difficulty in using their hands or fingers or lacking physical strength due to old age, and in such cases, they may not be able to brake as desired. I was afraid.
本発明は上記不都合を解消せんとする点に目的を有する
。An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned disadvantages.
上記目的を達成するために本発明は、冒頭に記載した小
型電動車において、前記制動装置の作動に伴って前記ネ
ガティブブレーキ装置を作動させるとともに、前記制動
装置の作動解除に伴って前記ネガティブブレーキ装置の
作動を解除させる状態に、これら制動装置とネガティブ
ブレーキ装置とを連係する手段を設けてあることを特徴
構成とする。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the small electric vehicle described at the beginning, in which the negative braking device is actuated when the braking device is actuated, and the negative braking device is actuated when the braking device is released. The present invention is characterized in that means is provided for linking these braking devices and the negative braking device in a state where the operation of the negative braking device is released.
前記構成によると、
(イ)制動装置を操作すれば、そのブレーキ力のみなら
ずネガティブブレーキ装置によるブレーキ力も同時に走
行輪に作用するので、制動装置に言わば倍力装置の機能
が備わったことになって従来に比べてブレーキ力が全体
として向上するようになる。According to the above configuration, (a) When the braking device is operated, not only the braking force from the braking device but also the braking force from the negative braking device is applied to the running wheels at the same time, so the braking device is equipped with the function of a booster. As a result, the overall braking force is improved compared to the conventional model.
([7)制動装置の非作動時にはネガティブブレーキ装
置も作動しないので、通常の走行に支障はないとともに
、走行用モータへの通電を断つ等の走行停止操作や駐車
時には従来通りネガティブブレーキ装置が作動する。([7] When the braking device is not activated, the negative braking device also does not operate, so there is no problem with normal driving, and the negative braking device operates as before when performing a driving stop operation such as cutting off the power to the driving motor or when parking. do.
従って、人力を要さないネガティブブレーキ装置の存在
に着目し、これを有効利用することによる前記(イ)の
作用により、人力操作式制動装置のブレーキ力を増大で
き楽に停止操作できる安全性に優れた小型電動車を、(
ロ)の作用によって他の機能を損うことなく実現し得た
。Therefore, by focusing on the existence of a negative brake device that does not require human power, and by making effective use of it, the braking force of the manually operated brake device can be increased, resulting in excellent safety and easy stopping operation. A small electric car (
Through the action of (b), this could be achieved without impairing other functions.
特に、高齢者等の手足の力が衰えている搭乗者の場合に
効果的である。This is particularly effective for passengers who have weakened limbs, such as elderly people.
以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基いて説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第4図に示すように、金属製のパイプフレームに樹脂製
のカバーを取付けてなる車体(1)に操向用の単一の前
輪(2)、この前輪(2)を操向操作するハンドル(3
)、左右一対の後車輪(4)、及び座席(5)が備えら
れて三輪型の小型電動車か構成されている。As shown in Figure 4, a vehicle body (1) consisting of a metal pipe frame with a resin cover attached, a single front wheel (2) for steering, and a handle for steering this front wheel (2). (3
), a pair of left and right rear wheels (4), and a seat (5) to form a three-wheeled small electric vehicle.
一対の後車輪(4)は電動モータ(6)を備えた減速ケ
ース(7)に軸支され、電動モータ(6)は座席(5)
の下に配設したバッテリー(8)から電力供給されるよ
うになっている。A pair of rear wheels (4) are pivotally supported by a reduction case (7) equipped with an electric motor (6), and the electric motor (6) is connected to the seat (5).
Power is supplied from a battery (8) placed under the .
第5図にも示すように、車体(1)の前部にハンドル軸
(10)が縦軸芯(P)を中心に回動自在に挿通支承さ
れ、このハンドル軸(10)の下部に上下揺動可能に取
付けたサスペンションアーム(11)に前記前輪(2)
が遊転自在に軸支されるとともに、ハンドル軸(10)
の上端に後向き開放C字型のハンドル(3)、前後進切
換えスイッチをはじめとする各種スイッチ(12)、左
右どちら側でも操作できるアクセルレバ−(13)、前
照灯(14)等を備えた操作ボックス(15)が取付け
られ、前記ハンドル(3)の右側にはハンドブレーキレ
バー(16)が握り操作可能に取付けである。As shown in Fig. 5, a handle shaft (10) is inserted and supported in the front part of the vehicle body (1) so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis (P), and the lower part of this handle shaft (10) is vertically supported. The front wheel (2) is mounted on a swingable suspension arm (11).
is rotatably supported, and the handle shaft (10)
The top end is equipped with a rearward-facing C-shaped handle (3), various switches including a forward/reverse switch (12), an accelerator lever (13) that can be operated on either the left or right side, a headlight (14), etc. A hand brake lever (16) is attached to the right side of the handle (3) so that it can be gripped and operated.
第3図に本電動車の伝動構造か示されている。Figure 3 shows the transmission structure of this electric vehicle.
電動モータ(6)の回転を減速ケース(7)内でギヤ減
速した後、差動装置(17)を介して右後車軸(18)
と左後車軸(18)に駆動力を伝えるとともに、減速ケ
ース(7)内には電動車を押して歩く等のためにギヤ減
速を自由回転状態に切換え可能な機構(19)が備えて
ある。After the rotation of the electric motor (6) is gear-reduced in the reduction case (7), it is connected to the right rear axle (18) via the differential device (17).
In addition to transmitting driving force to the left rear axle (18), there is a mechanism (19) inside the deceleration case (7) that can switch the gear reduction to a free rotation state for pushing the electric vehicle while walking, etc.
前記差動装置(I7)のケース(20)には、内拡式の
ドラムブレーキ構造の制動装置(A)が左後車軸(18
)に作用できるように取付けられている。In the case (20) of the differential device (I7), a braking device (A) having an inwardly expanding drum brake structure is attached to the left rear axle (18).
) is installed so that it can act on the
第2図、第3図に示すように前記制動装置(A)は、左
後車軸(18)に固定の回転ドラム(21)、差動ケー
ス(20)の端面にボルト止めされたパネル板(22)
、このパネル板に固定のアンカーピン(23)、パネル
板(22)に回動自在に嵌装されたブレーキカム(24
)、これらカム(24)とアンカーピン(23)とに亘
って架設される一対のブレーキシュー(25)、(25
) 、およびシュー(25)、 (25)どうしを引き
合わせ付勢するスプリング(26)等から構成される装
置
そして、パネル板(22)にはブレーキワイヤ(27)
を受けるワイヤ受け(28)、リミットスイッチ(29
)を取付けるとともに、カム(24)にはカムレバー(
30)を固定し、このカムレバー(30)にブレーキワ
イヤ(27)を枢支連結し、かつ、カムレバー(30)
をシュー(25)閉じ方向に付勢するリターンバネ(3
1)を設けてある。カムレバー(30)の先端部には、
パネル板(22)の端面との接当によってその戻り限界
位置を決める規制板(32)を取付けてあり、この規制
板(32)がカムレバー(30)の戻り状態のときに常
開型の前記リミットスイッチ(29)を入り操作するよ
うになっている。As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the braking device (A) includes a rotating drum (21) fixed to the left rear axle (18), and a panel plate (21) bolted to the end face of the differential case (20). 22)
, an anchor pin (23) fixed to this panel plate, and a brake cam (24) rotatably fitted to the panel plate (22).
), a pair of brake shoes (25), (25
), and a shoe (25), a device consisting of a spring (26) that draws and biases the (25) together, and a brake wire (27) on the panel plate (22).
wire receiver (28), limit switch (29)
) and attach the cam lever ( ) to the cam (24).
30), a brake wire (27) is pivotally connected to this cam lever (30), and the cam lever (30)
A return spring (3) biases the shoe (25) in the closing direction.
1) is provided. At the tip of the cam lever (30),
A regulating plate (32) is attached which determines the return limit position by contact with the end face of the panel plate (22), and when the cam lever (30) is in the returning state, the regulating plate (32) The limit switch (29) is turned on and operated.
第1図に示すように、前記ブレーキワイヤ(27)はハ
ンドル(3)のブレーキレバー(16)に連結され、該
ブレーキレバー(16)の握り操作によってワイヤー(
27)が引張り操作され、制動装置(A)が作動するの
である。As shown in FIG. 1, the brake wire (27) is connected to the brake lever (16) of the handle (3), and by gripping the brake lever (16), the wire (27) is connected to the brake lever (16) of the handle (3).
27) is pulled, and the braking device (A) is activated.
一方、前記電動モータ(6)内には、そのモータ軸(3
3)にスプリングによる付勢力でブレーキ力を作用させ
るとともに、該モータ(6)への通電によって前記ブレ
ーキ力を解除するネガティブブレーキ装置(B)(公知
技術に付き、詳細構造は割愛する)が備えてあり、アク
セルレバ−(13)の戻し操作に伴って該ネガティブブ
レーキ装置(B)が作動するようになっている。On the other hand, inside the electric motor (6), the motor shaft (3
3) is provided with a negative brake device (B) (detailed structure will be omitted as it is a publicly known technique) that applies a braking force to the motor (6) using a biasing force from a spring and releases the braking force by energizing the motor (6). The negative brake device (B) is activated when the accelerator lever (13) is returned.
すなわち、第1図に示すようにボリューム式のアクセル
レバ−(13)を「遅」位置を通り越して「切り」位置
に操作すると電動モータ(6)への通電が切りとなって
前記ネガティブブレーキ装置(B)が作動するのである
か、その回路中に前記リミットスイッチ(29)を直列
配線することにより、前記制動装置(A)の作動に伴っ
て前記ネガティブブレーキ装置(B)を作動させるとと
もに、前記制動装置(A)の作動解除に伴って前記ネガ
ティブブレーキ装置(B)の作動を解除させる状態に、
これら制動装置(A)とネガティブブレーキ装置(B)
とを連係する手段(C)を構成しである。これにより、
例えば前進状態で小型電動車を走行中にハンドブレーキ
レバー(16)を握り操作するとドラム式の制動装置(
A)が作動するとともに、リミットスイッチ(29)が
「切り」となってアクセルレバ−(13)の操作位置の
如何に拘らず電動モータ(6)への通電がカットされ、
ネガティブブレーキ装置(B)も作動するのである。That is, as shown in FIG. 1, when the volume type accelerator lever (13) is operated past the "slow" position and into the "off" position, the electric motor (6) is de-energized and the negative brake device is turned off. (B) is activated, by wiring the limit switch (29) in series in the circuit, the negative brake device (B) is activated in conjunction with the operation of the brake device (A), A state in which the operation of the negative brake device (B) is released with the release of the operation of the brake device (A),
These braking devices (A) and negative braking devices (B)
This constitutes means (C) for linking the. This results in
For example, if you grip and operate the handbrake lever (16) while driving a small electric vehicle in forward motion, a drum-type braking device (
A) is activated, the limit switch (29) is turned off, and the power to the electric motor (6) is cut off regardless of the operating position of the accelerator lever (13).
The negative brake device (B) also operates.
C別実施例〕
第6図、第7図に示すように、前フエンダ(34)先端
に設けた前後スライド可能なバンパー(35)の前後動
に連動して入り切りするリミットスイッチ(36)を設
け、該バンパー(35)が他物との衝突等によって後方
移動すると前記ネガティブブレーキ装置(B)が作動す
るように構成しである小型電動車において、
■ ブレーキワイヤ(27)の途中に揺動リンク(37
)を設け、リミットスイッチ(36)を前方から囲繞す
る下端固定の連動ワイヤー(38)の上端を前記リンク
(37)に連動して前記連係手段(C)を構成(第6図
)しても良く、あるいは、■ ハンドブレーキレバー(
I6)部位に、該レバー(16)の握り操作で作動する
リミットスイッチ(39)を設け、このリミットスイッ
チ(39)とバンパー(35)用のリミットスイッチ(
36)および電動モータ(6)とを電気配線することに
より連係手段(C)を構成(第7図)しても良い。Example C] As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a limit switch (36) is provided that is turned on and off in conjunction with the back and forth movement of a bumper (35) that is provided at the tip of the front fender (34) and is slidable back and forth. , in a small electric vehicle configured so that the negative brake device (B) is activated when the bumper (35) moves backward due to a collision with another object, etc., ■ a swinging link is provided in the middle of the brake wire (27); (37
), and the upper end of an interlocking wire (38) whose lower end is fixed and surrounds the limit switch (36) from the front is interlocked with the link (37) to constitute the interlocking means (C) (FIG. 6). Good, or ■ Handbrake lever (
I6) is provided with a limit switch (39) that is activated by gripping the lever (16), and this limit switch (39) and the limit switch (35) for the bumper (35) are provided.
36) and the electric motor (6) may be electrically wired to form the linking means (C) (FIG. 7).
■の場合ではブレーキレバー(16)の握り操作で連動
ワイヤー(38)を引張り、リミットスイッチ(36)
を強制的に後方移動して作動させるのである。In the case of ■, the interlocking wire (38) is pulled by gripping the brake lever (16), and the limit switch (36) is pulled.
It is activated by forcibly moving backwards.
また、制動装置(A)やネガティブブレーキ装置(B)
が右後輪(4)あるいは前輪(2)に作用するも良く、
フットブレーキペダルによる操作具(16)としても良
い。In addition, a braking device (A) and a negative braking device (B)
may act on the right rear wheel (4) or the front wheel (2),
It may also be used as an operating tool (16) using a foot brake pedal.
尚、特許請求の範囲の項に図面との対照を便利にする為
に符号を記すが、該記入により本発明は添付図面の構造
に限定されるものではない。Incidentally, although reference numerals are written in the claims section for convenient comparison with the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the structure shown in the accompanying drawings.
図面は本発明に係る小型電動車の実施例を示し、第1図
は制動装置とネガティブブレーキとの連係状態を示す構
造図、第2図は制動装置の要部を示す拡大側面図、第3
図は伝動装置を示す断面図、第4図は小型電動車の側面
図、第5図は小型電動車の斜視図、第6図及び第7図は
夫々制動装置とネカティブブレーキとの連係状態の別実
施例を示す構造図である。
(4)・・・・・・走行輪、(6)・・・・・・電動モ
ータ、(16)・・・・・・操作具、(A)・・・・・
・制動装置、(B)・・・・・・ネガティブブレーキ装
置、(C)・・・・・・連係手段。The drawings show an embodiment of a small electric vehicle according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a structural diagram showing the interlocking state of a braking device and a negative brake, FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view showing the main parts of the braking device, and FIG.
The figure is a sectional view showing the transmission device, FIG. 4 is a side view of the small electric vehicle, FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the small electric vehicle, and FIGS. 6 and 7 are respectively showing the state of cooperation between the braking device and the negative brake. It is a structural diagram which shows another Example. (4)... Running wheel, (6)... Electric motor, (16)... Operation tool, (A)...
- Braking device, (B)...Negative brake device, (C)...Linking means.
Claims (1)
(4)にブレーキ力を作用させるネガティブブレーキ装
置(B)と、操作具(16)の人力操作によって走行輪
(4)にブレーキ力を作用させる制動装置(A)とを備
えてある小型電動車であって、前記制動装置(A)の作
動に伴って前記ネガティブブレーキ装置(B)を作動さ
せるとともに、前記制動装置(A)の作動解除に伴って
前記ネガティブブレーキ装置(B)の作動を解除させる
状態に、これら制動装置(A)とネガティブブレーキ装
置(B)とを連係する手段(C)を設けてある小型電動
車。A negative brake device (B) applies braking force to the running wheels (4) when the electric motor (6) for driving is stopped, and a brake is applied to the running wheels (4) by manual operation of the operating tool (16). A small electric vehicle is equipped with a braking device (A) that applies force, and when the braking device (A) operates, the negative braking device (B) is actuated, and the braking device (A) The small electric vehicle is provided with means (C) for linking the braking device (A) and the negative braking device (B) so that the negative braking device (B) is released when the negative braking device (B) is released.
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2079831A JP2735351B2 (en) | 1990-03-27 | 1990-03-27 | Small electric car |
US07/670,986 US5161634A (en) | 1990-03-27 | 1991-03-18 | Electric vehicle |
GB9105666A GB2244352B (en) | 1990-03-27 | 1991-03-18 | Electric vehicle |
DE4109930A DE4109930C2 (en) | 1990-03-27 | 1991-03-26 | Electric vehicle |
FR9103654A FR2660258B1 (en) | 1990-03-27 | 1991-03-26 | ELECTRIC VEHICLE WITH SAFETY ADJUSTABLE SPEED. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2079831A JP2735351B2 (en) | 1990-03-27 | 1990-03-27 | Small electric car |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH03276850A true JPH03276850A (en) | 1991-12-09 |
JP2735351B2 JP2735351B2 (en) | 1998-04-02 |
Family
ID=13701153
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2079831A Expired - Lifetime JP2735351B2 (en) | 1990-03-27 | 1990-03-27 | Small electric car |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2735351B2 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05286454A (en) * | 1992-04-07 | 1993-11-02 | Kubota Corp | Travel transmission structure for working vehicle |
JPH05338476A (en) * | 1992-06-09 | 1993-12-21 | Kubota Corp | Small electric motor car |
WO2015079735A1 (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-06-04 | 株式会社ナンシン | Electrical brake mechanism for caster |
JP5745711B1 (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-07-08 | 株式会社ナンシン | Caster electric brake structure |
WO2023238188A1 (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2023-12-14 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | Vehicle electric power assist device for and electric-powered vehicle |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101621978B1 (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2016-05-17 | 현대모비스 주식회사 | Electrical Parking Brake with contact switch |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS4931020A (en) * | 1972-07-24 | 1974-03-20 | ||
JPS5626119U (en) * | 1979-08-08 | 1981-03-10 | ||
JPS59195965U (en) * | 1983-06-10 | 1984-12-26 | 三洋電機株式会社 | electric car |
-
1990
- 1990-03-27 JP JP2079831A patent/JP2735351B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS4931020A (en) * | 1972-07-24 | 1974-03-20 | ||
JPS5626119U (en) * | 1979-08-08 | 1981-03-10 | ||
JPS59195965U (en) * | 1983-06-10 | 1984-12-26 | 三洋電機株式会社 | electric car |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05286454A (en) * | 1992-04-07 | 1993-11-02 | Kubota Corp | Travel transmission structure for working vehicle |
JPH05338476A (en) * | 1992-06-09 | 1993-12-21 | Kubota Corp | Small electric motor car |
WO2015079735A1 (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-06-04 | 株式会社ナンシン | Electrical brake mechanism for caster |
WO2015079584A1 (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-06-04 | 株式会社ナンシン | Electrical brake mechanism for caster |
JP5745711B1 (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-07-08 | 株式会社ナンシン | Caster electric brake structure |
CN105980166A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2016-09-28 | 株式会社南星 | Electrical brake mechanism for caster |
WO2023238188A1 (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2023-12-14 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | Vehicle electric power assist device for and electric-powered vehicle |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2735351B2 (en) | 1998-04-02 |
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