JPH03239807A - Submerged bearing device - Google Patents
Submerged bearing deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03239807A JPH03239807A JP3243590A JP3243590A JPH03239807A JP H03239807 A JPH03239807 A JP H03239807A JP 3243590 A JP3243590 A JP 3243590A JP 3243590 A JP3243590 A JP 3243590A JP H03239807 A JPH03239807 A JP H03239807A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- bearing
- rotating shaft
- ceramic material
- resin
- rotary shaft
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001875 Ebonite Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001361 White metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010969 white metal Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Support Of The Bearing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の目的〕
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は水車、ポンプ水車等の水力機械に適用される水
中軸受装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an underwater bearing device applied to hydraulic machines such as water turbines and pump water turbines.
（従来の技術）
一般に水中軸受装置は、軸受ケーシング内に配設された
軸受部材により、水または海水等を潤滑剤として回転軸
を支承するようになっている。(Prior Art) In general, an underwater bearing device supports a rotating shaft by a bearing member disposed in a bearing casing using water, seawater, or the like as a lubricant.
すなわち、回転軸と軸受部材との間に、水または海水等
が潤滑剤として潤滑剤供給手段から供給され、この水を
介して回転軸が支持されている。That is, water, seawater, or the like is supplied as a lubricant between the rotating shaft and the bearing member from a lubricant supply means, and the rotating shaft is supported via this water.
ところで、水は油と比較して粘度が低いため、軸受の負
荷容量（軸受において潤滑剤の圧力によって支持できる
回転軸の重量）が小さくなり、回転軸の起動または停止
時や、回転軸に外力が加わった時の、いわゆる過渡時に
は、回転軸と軸受部材とが接触しやすく、軸受部材の潤
滑膜が破損しやすいという問題があった。By the way, water has a lower viscosity than oil, so the load capacity of the bearing (the weight of the rotating shaft that can be supported by the pressure of the lubricant in the bearing) is small, and when starting or stopping the rotating shaft, or when applying an external force to the rotating shaft. During the so-called transient period when the rotational speed is applied, there is a problem in that the rotating shaft and the bearing member are likely to come into contact with each other, and the lubricating film of the bearing member is likely to be damaged.
このため、軸受部材には、回転軸との接触に耐えられる
材料が用いられている。すなわち、ホワイトメタル等の
金属材を軸受部材に用いるとともに、グリースまたは潤
滑油を給油する潤滑給油手段を設けた軸受装置や、フェ
ノール樹脂等の軟質な合成樹脂を軸受部材に用い、かつ
真水潤滑剤として給水する潤滑給水手段等が設けられて
いる。For this reason, the bearing member is made of a material that can withstand contact with the rotating shaft. In other words, there are bearing devices that use a metal material such as white metal for the bearing member and are equipped with a lubrication means for supplying grease or lubricating oil, and bearing devices that use a soft synthetic resin such as phenol resin for the bearing member and use fresh water lubricant. A lubricating water supply means and the like are provided for supplying water.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
しかしながら、前記のグリースまたは潤滑油を用いる軸
受装置においては、グリースまたは潤滑油が軸受装置か
ら外に流出して、河川等の環境汚染を引き起こしたり、
または給排油系統の回収やメンテナンスに問題がある。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the bearing device using the above-mentioned grease or lubricating oil, the grease or lubricating oil may leak out from the bearing device, causing environmental pollution such as rivers, etc.
Or there is a problem with collection or maintenance of the oil supply and drainage system.
また、フェノール樹脂等の軟質な合成樹脂を軸受部材に
用いるとともに真水潤滑剤として給水する潤滑給水手段
による軸受装置においては、軸受部材の耐摩耗性が低い
ため、特にスラリー等が混入した水を潤滑剤として使用
した場合には、軸受部材摩耗等により、信頼性や安全性
等に問題がある。In addition, in bearing devices that use a soft synthetic resin such as phenol resin for the bearing member and a lubricating water supply means that supplies water as a fresh water lubricant, the wear resistance of the bearing member is low. When used as an agent, there are problems with reliability and safety due to bearing member wear and the like.
この点を解決する軸受装置として、特に船舶用軸受とし
て開発された硬質ゴム軸受か提案されている。この軸受
では、スラリー等の異物に対してゴムの変形で対応して
いる。しかし、この軸受については、異物の排除作用に
関し、常に潤滑剤を供給し続けなければならず、潤滑剤
の供給が不足すると、焼き付は焼損が生しる可能性があ
る。さらに、これらの軸受では、面圧（単位面積当たり
の荷重）に制限があり、高荷重の回転軸を支持すること
か困難である。また、面圧を小さくするために、軸受の
径と比較して軸受面の長さを大きく設定する必要がある
等、構造上の制約が生じ、設計上の自由度に限界かあっ
た。As a bearing device to solve this problem, a hard rubber bearing developed especially as a bearing for ships has been proposed. This bearing responds to foreign substances such as slurry by deforming the rubber. However, with regard to this bearing, lubricant must be constantly supplied to remove foreign matter, and if the lubricant supply is insufficient, seizure may occur. Furthermore, these bearings have limits on surface pressure (load per unit area), making it difficult to support a rotating shaft with a high load. Furthermore, in order to reduce the surface pressure, it was necessary to set the length of the bearing surface to be larger than the diameter of the bearing, resulting in structural constraints, and there was a limit to the degree of freedom in design.
なお、軸受体を超硬質特性を有するセラミック材を用い
て円筒状に形成し、軸受ケーシング内に固定する軸受装
置が提案されている。しかし、セラミック自体が脆いた
めに、セラミック材をそのまま用いた軸受体は、衝撃等
によって折損する等の問題があった。Note that a bearing device has been proposed in which the bearing body is formed into a cylindrical shape using a ceramic material having ultra-hard characteristics and is fixed within a bearing casing. However, since the ceramic itself is brittle, a bearing body using the ceramic material as it is has problems such as breakage due to impact or the like.
本発明はこのような事情に鑑みてなされたもので、対摩
耗性に優れるとともに脆性による損傷を防止することが
でき、信頼性および安全性の向上が図れる水中軸受装置
を提供することを目的とする。The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an underwater bearing device that has excellent wear resistance, can prevent damage due to brittleness, and can improve reliability and safety. do.
（課題を解決するための手段）
本発明は、上述した課題を解決するために軸受ケーシン
グ内に複数の軸受台金を周方向に均等に収容し、この軸
受台金の内周面に回転軸支持用軸受部材を設置するとと
もに、隣接する軸受台金同士と軸受ケーシングとの間に
軸受台金の周方向端部側に向って漸増する間隙を形成し
、この間隙に介装される弾性体にセラミック材を、前記
回転軸の外周面と対面する部位で設置し、前記回転軸を
軸受部材とセラミック材とで支持したものである。(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention accommodates a plurality of bearing base metals evenly in the circumferential direction in a bearing casing, and provides a rotating shaft on the inner peripheral surface of the bearing base metal. In addition to installing the supporting bearing member, a gap is formed between adjacent bearing base metals and the bearing casing that gradually increases toward the circumferential end side of the bearing base metal, and an elastic body is inserted in this gap. A ceramic material is installed at a portion facing the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is supported by a bearing member and the ceramic material.
（作用）
本発明によれば、回転軸の外周面に対面する部位に耐摩
耗性に優れたセラミック材を有し、このセラミック材と
軸受部材で回転軸を支持する一方、セラミック材は弾性
体によってバックアップ弾性支持されるので、回転軸が
径方向の衝撃等によって変位したような場合でも、セラ
ミック材への衝撃力は弾性体によって吸収される。した
がって、回転軸による摩耗が少なく、かつ耐衝撃性にも
優れた水中軸受となり、信頼性および安全性等の向上が
図れるようになる。(Function) According to the present invention, a ceramic material with excellent wear resistance is provided at a portion facing the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is supported by the ceramic material and the bearing member, while the ceramic material is an elastic body. Since the ceramic material is backed up by elastic support, even if the rotating shaft is displaced by a radial impact or the like, the impact force on the ceramic material is absorbed by the elastic body. Therefore, the underwater bearing has less wear caused by the rotating shaft and has excellent impact resistance, and it is possible to improve reliability and safety.
（実施例）
以下、本発明の一実施例を第■図〜第４図を参照して説
明する。(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
この実施例は、水車、ポンプ水車等の水力機械における
水潤滑軸受に適用したものである。This embodiment is applied to water-lubricated bearings in hydraulic machines such as water turbines and pump water turbines.
潤滑材としての水の導入が可能な軸受ケーシング１の内
周面に、軸受台金２が全体としてリング状に設けられて
いる。この各軸受台金２は周方向に複数に等分割、例え
ば２分割された構成とされており、この軸受台金２の内
周側に回転軸３を支持する軸受部材としての樹脂軸受４
が配置されている。一方、前記各軸受台金２の周方向端
部間と、軸受ケーシング１との間に軸受台金２の周方向
両端部に向って間隙が漸増するように形成されている。A bearing base metal 2 is provided in the shape of a ring as a whole on the inner peripheral surface of a bearing casing 1 into which water as a lubricant can be introduced. Each bearing base metal 2 is divided into a plurality of equal parts in the circumferential direction, for example, divided into two parts, and a resin bearing 4 as a bearing member that supports the rotating shaft 3 is provided on the inner circumferential side of the bearing base metal 2.
is located. On the other hand, a gap is formed between the circumferential ends of each bearing base metal 2 and the bearing casing 1 so that the gap gradually increases toward both circumferential ends of the bearing base metal 2.
この間隙に、軸受部材３をバックアップ用の弾性体５が
回転軸３の軸方向（軸受ケーシング１の幅方向）に一対
配置されている。軸受台金２の端部２ａは段状の構成さ
れており、この端部２ａか弾性体５上に延びるように配
置されている。A pair of elastic bodies 5 for backing up the bearing member 3 are arranged in this gap in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3 (in the width direction of the bearing casing 1). The end portion 2a of the bearing base metal 2 has a step-like structure, and is arranged so as to extend above the elastic body 5.
そして、各弾性体４の内周側つまり回転軸対面部位に、
一対のブロック上のセラミック材６が、回転軸３の軸方
向に間隔的に載置固定されている。Then, on the inner peripheral side of each elastic body 4, that is, the part facing the rotation axis,
Ceramic materials 6 on a pair of blocks are placed and fixed at intervals in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3.
前記樹脂軸受４はこのセラミック材５よりも内周側に突
出する配置関係に保持され、この樹脂軸受６の一部は弾
性体５上に配置されている。この樹脂軸受４とセラミッ
ク材６とによって、回転軸３が水を潤滑材として支承さ
れ、水中軸受体７を構成している。なお、対をなす弾性
体５の間には、仕切り板８が配設されている。The resin bearing 4 is held in such a position that it projects further inward than the ceramic material 5, and a portion of the resin bearing 6 is placed on the elastic body 5. The rotating shaft 3 is supported by the resin bearing 4 and the ceramic material 6 using water as a lubricant, and constitutes an underwater bearing body 7. Note that a partition plate 8 is provided between the pair of elastic bodies 5.
しかして、水等の潤滑剤が軸受部に供給されると、第３
図に示すように、潤滑剤の流体潤滑作用によって潤滑膜
が形成され、回転軸３がセラミック材６，６および樹脂
軸受４から隔離された状態で支承される。この水中軸受
装置は、通常、回転軸３か樹脂軸受４やセラミック材６
，６に直接接触することはない。However, when lubricant such as water is supplied to the bearing part, the third
As shown in the figure, a lubricant film is formed by the fluid lubrication action of the lubricant, and the rotating shaft 3 is supported while being isolated from the ceramic materials 6 and the resin bearing 4. This underwater bearing device usually consists of a rotating shaft 3, a resin bearing 4, or a ceramic material 6.
, 6.
そして、例えば第４図に示すように、回転軸３に半径方
向の衝撃力か加わったような場合には、回転軸３が樹脂
軸受４に接触して押圧する。これにより弾性体５の一部
に荷重が加わって、弾性体の一部が薄肉状に変形する。For example, as shown in FIG. 4, when a radial impact force is applied to the rotating shaft 3, the rotating shaft 3 contacts and presses the resin bearing 4. As a result, a load is applied to a part of the elastic body 5, and the part of the elastic body deforms into a thin shape.
一方、セラミック材６を支持した弾性体６の部分は、変
形により相対的に肉厚となり、これにより耐摩耗性の優
れたセラミック材６は回転軸３側へ接近して、回転軸３
の荷重を分散して支えるようになる。したがって、樹脂
軸受４への集中荷重が避けられて、樹脂軸受４および回
転軸６の摩耗が低減される。On the other hand, the portion of the elastic body 6 that supported the ceramic material 6 becomes relatively thick due to deformation, and as a result, the ceramic material 6 with excellent wear resistance approaches the rotating shaft 3 side, and
The load will be distributed and supported. Therefore, concentrated loads on the resin bearing 4 are avoided, and wear on the resin bearing 4 and the rotating shaft 6 is reduced.
また、回転軸３に軸方向における傾き（ミスアラインメ
ント）が生じて樹脂軸受４に集中荷重が加わる場合には
、弾性体５は回転軸３の接近する側でより大きく変形す
る。この時、仕切り板８によって、弾性体５は反対側へ
変形しないのでセラミック材６と樹脂軸受４とが回転軸
３を支えるようになる。このように、回転軸３のミスア
ラインメントに対しても樹脂軸受４や回転軸３の摩耗が
低減されようになる。Further, when a tilt (misalignment) occurs in the rotating shaft 3 in the axial direction and a concentrated load is applied to the resin bearing 4, the elastic body 5 deforms more on the side where the rotating shaft 3 approaches. At this time, the partition plate 8 prevents the elastic body 5 from deforming to the opposite side, so that the ceramic material 6 and the resin bearing 4 come to support the rotating shaft 3. In this way, wear of the resin bearing 4 and the rotating shaft 3 is reduced even when the rotating shaft 3 is misaligned.
さらに、回転軸３の半径方向に衝撃力か加わった場合に
は弾性体５が変形して、その衝撃力を吸収するので、セ
ラミック材６に衝撃力が作用することはなく、その破損
か防止できる。Furthermore, when an impact force is applied in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 3, the elastic body 5 deforms and absorbs the impact force, so that the impact force does not act on the ceramic material 6 and prevents damage. can.
このように本実施例では、セラミック材６の耐衝撃性を
弾性体５で補うことができ、セラミック材６の耐摩耗性
を有効に利用することが可能となる。したがって軸受装
置の信頼性および安全性等が向上する。In this manner, in this embodiment, the impact resistance of the ceramic material 6 can be supplemented by the elastic body 5, and the wear resistance of the ceramic material 6 can be effectively utilized. Therefore, the reliability and safety of the bearing device are improved.
なお、前記実施例では水中軸受体７として樹脂軸受４の
他にセラミック材６，６を軸受ケーシング１に設置した
が、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、例えば第
５図に示すように、軸受台金２の両端部にセラミック材
６Ａを付設して、軸受台金２とセラミック材６Ａとの間
に弾性体５Ａを配設してもよい。この場合、樹脂軸受６
は軸受台金２の内周面に付設され、回転軸３はセラミッ
ク材６Ａと樹脂軸受４ちの水中軸受部材７Ａとによって
支承されるようになっている。この例でも前記実施例と
同一の作用効果が奏されるものである。In addition, in the above embodiment, in addition to the resin bearing 4, ceramic materials 6, 6 were installed in the bearing casing 1 as the underwater bearing body 7, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, as shown in FIG. Alternatively, a ceramic material 6A may be attached to both ends of the bearing base metal 2, and an elastic body 5A may be provided between the bearing base metal 2 and the ceramic material 6A. In this case, the resin bearing 6
is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the bearing base metal 2, and the rotating shaft 3 is supported by the ceramic material 6A and the underwater bearing member 7A of the resin bearing 4. This example also provides the same effects as those of the above embodiment.
以上のように、本発明に係る水中軸受装置によれば、セ
ラミック材の耐衝撃性を弾性体で補うことができ、セラ
ミック材の耐摩耗性を有効に利用することが可能となる
。したがってセラミック材が損傷することはなく、回転
による軸受部材や回転軸の摩耗減量もなくなり、軸受装
置の信頼性および安全性等の向上を図ることができる等
の効果を奏する。As described above, according to the underwater bearing device according to the present invention, the impact resistance of the ceramic material can be supplemented by the elastic body, and the wear resistance of the ceramic material can be effectively utilized. Therefore, the ceramic material is not damaged, and there is no wear loss of the bearing member or the rotating shaft due to rotation, and the reliability and safety of the bearing device can be improved.
第１図は本発明に係る水中軸受装置の一実施例を示す側
面図、第２図は第工図の部分的な展開平面図、第３図お
よび第４図は本実施例の作動状態を示す第１図のＡ−Ａ
断面図、第５図は本発明に係る水中軸受装置の他の実施
例を示す側面図である。
ｌ・・・軸受ケーシング、２・・・軸受台金、３・・・
回転軸、４，４Ａ・・・軸受部材（樹脂軸受）、５．５
Ａ・・・弾性体、６．６Ａ・・・セラミック材、７．７
Ａ・・・水中軸受体、８・・・仕切り板。
第３図
第４図
ａ
Ａ
第５図Fig. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of the underwater bearing device according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partially expanded plan view of the Fig. 2 construction drawing, and Figs. 3 and 4 show the operating state of this embodiment. A-A in Figure 1 shown
The sectional view and FIG. 5 are side views showing another embodiment of the underwater bearing device according to the present invention. l... Bearing casing, 2... Bearing base metal, 3...
Rotating shaft, 4,4A...Bearing member (resin bearing), 5.5
A... Elastic body, 6.6 A... Ceramic material, 7.7
A... Underwater bearing body, 8... Partition plate. Figure 3 Figure 4a A Figure 5
Claims (1)
収容し、この軸受台金の内周面に回転軸支持用軸受部材
を設置するとともに、隣接する軸受台金同士と軸受ケー
シングとの間に軸受台金の周方向端部側に向って漸増す
る間隙を形成し、この間隙に介装される弾性体にセラミ
ック材を、前記回転軸の外周面と対面する部位で設置し
、前記回転軸を軸受部材とセラミック材とで支持したこ
とを特徴とする水中軸受装置。A plurality of bearing base metals are housed evenly in the circumferential direction within the bearing casing, and a bearing member for supporting the rotating shaft is installed on the inner circumferential surface of the bearing base metal, and a bearing member for supporting the rotating shaft is installed between adjacent bearing base metals and the bearing casing. A gap is formed that gradually increases toward the circumferential end side of the bearing base metal, and a ceramic material is installed in the elastic body interposed in this gap at a portion facing the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft. An underwater bearing device characterized in that a shaft is supported by a bearing member and a ceramic material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3243590A JPH03239807A (en) | 1990-02-15 | 1990-02-15 | Submerged bearing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3243590A JPH03239807A (en) | 1990-02-15 | 1990-02-15 | Submerged bearing device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03239807A true JPH03239807A (en) | 1991-10-25 |
Family
ID=12358876
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3243590A Pending JPH03239807A (en) | 1990-02-15 | 1990-02-15 | Submerged bearing device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH03239807A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010007805A (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2010-01-14 | Hitachi Engineering & Services Co Ltd | Pad type bearing device and lateral shaft water turbine |
| JP2016123918A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-07-11 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Discharge unit |
| CN115066321A (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2022-09-16 | 乐高公司 | Bearing for linear guide rail |
-
1990
- 1990-02-15 JP JP3243590A patent/JPH03239807A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010007805A (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2010-01-14 | Hitachi Engineering & Services Co Ltd | Pad type bearing device and lateral shaft water turbine |
| JP2016123918A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-07-11 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Discharge unit |
| CN115066321A (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2022-09-16 | 乐高公司 | Bearing for linear guide rail |
| CN115066321B (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2024-01-02 | 乐高公司 | Bearing for linear guide rail |
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