JPH03237081A - Production of compost and equipment - Google Patents
Production of compost and equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03237081A JPH03237081A JP2034921A JP3492190A JPH03237081A JP H03237081 A JPH03237081 A JP H03237081A JP 2034921 A JP2034921 A JP 2034921A JP 3492190 A JP3492190 A JP 3492190A JP H03237081 A JPH03237081 A JP H03237081A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- compost
- blower
- air supply
- fermentation agent
- case body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 but for example Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920013716 polyethylene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は堆肥の製造方法及び装置に関するものである。[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing compost.
従来の堆肥の製造方法においては、第３図に示す例えば
屋外に枠組みをした木枠（イ）の中に堆肥（ロ）を積み
込む方法とか、或は、第４図に示す屋内土間に堆肥（ハ
）を積み上げる方法等がある。In the conventional method of producing compost, for example, as shown in Figure 3, the compost (B) is loaded into a wooden frame (A) framed outdoors, or the compost (B) is loaded on an indoor dirt floor as shown in Figure 4. There are ways to accumulate c).
従来の堆肥の製造方法にあっては、堆肥原料によって熟
成過程、完熟期間等が大きく異なるが、例えば、ワラ、
モミガラ、野草、カヤ、等の植物体や厩肥、等を堆肥原
料として用いた場合１通常、熟成の初期には生育の速い
カビや細菌が関与し、カビや細菌の呼吸熱で温度が上昇
する第１期の時期を迎え、次に高温による高温性微生物
が育生し、セルロース分解菌等によりセルロース分解が
行なわれる第２期に至り、最後にリグニンの分解が始剤
りキノコや多くの種類の微生物が関与する第３期を迎え
て植物遺体等も完全に腐熟し堆肥は完熟する。ところが
。In conventional compost production methods, the ripening process, ripening period, etc. vary greatly depending on the compost raw material, but for example, straw,
When plants such as rice husk, wildflowers, and manure are used as compost raw materials, 1. Usually, fast-growing molds and bacteria are involved in the early stage of ripening, and the temperature rises due to the heat of respiration of the molds and bacteria. The first stage is reached, followed by the growth of thermophilic microorganisms due to high temperatures, and the second stage in which cellulose decomposition is carried out by cellulose-degrading bacteria, etc., and finally, the decomposition of lignin becomes the starting material for mushrooms and many other types of At the third stage, when microorganisms are involved, the plant remains are completely rotten and the compost is fully ripened. However.
前記一連の熟成中に育生する各種細菌や微生物中には一
部の嫌気性のものを除き、好気性、高温性のものが多く
、酸素がない条件では一般に微生物の活動は弱められる
。従って従来は、堆肥の中心部に１で酸素を供給するた
めに、完熟する１でには少なくて２〜３回堆肥を積みが
える煩わしい「切り返し」作業を行ない酸素を内側に１
で送り込んで熟成の均一化を計らなければ腐熟が遅れる
のみならず完熟度の一定のものが得られないという問題
点があり、特に速成堆肥づくりを行なう場合には、最初
に有機物を分解して堆肥つくりのスタートを行なう菌は
好気性菌であるので、初期から堆肥の奥のほう１で空気
をよく通すようにしなければならないので、−層、切り
返し作業を充分に行なわなければならない問題点を有し
ていた。Among the various bacteria and microorganisms that grow during the above-mentioned series of ripening, most of them are aerobic and high-temperature, except for some anaerobic ones, and the activity of microorganisms is generally weakened in the absence of oxygen. Therefore, in the past, in order to supply oxygen to the center of the compost, a cumbersome ``cutting back'' operation was carried out at least two to three times to stack the compost at least two or three times when the compost reached full maturity.
If you do not try to uniformize the ripening by feeding the compost into compost, there is a problem that not only will the ripening be delayed, but you will not be able to obtain a product with a constant degree of ripeness.Especially when making rapid composting, it is necessary to decompose the organic matter first. Since the bacteria that start composting are aerobic bacteria, it is necessary to allow good air circulation in the deep part of the compost from the beginning. had.
本発明は、堆肥を積みかえる煩わしい切り返し作業の手
間が省け、完熟期間が短縮され、しかも完熟度が内外と
もに均一な良質の堆肥をイＺ）ることのできる堆肥の製
造方法を提供することを目的としている。The present invention aims to provide a method for producing compost that can eliminate the troublesome work of turning back and stacking compost, shorten the period of ripening, and produce high-quality compost with a uniform degree of ripeness both inside and outside. The purpose is
上記目的を達成するために、本発明の堆肥の製造方法は
、堆肥の外側を被覆シートで覆い、堆肥の底部に通気孔
を穿設したエアー供給筐体を設け、堆肥の上側には集気
ホ・バーを設け、該集気ホ・バーからブロアに帰路通気
管を接続し、更にブロアの）ら前記エアー供給筐体に吹
き込み通気管′Ｉ！：接続し、帰路通気管には酸素及び
発酵剤の補給弁口を設ける。そして堆肥の底部及び中心
部にブロアを介して酸素や発酵剤を送り込み、堆肥より
発生した窒素外等の堆肥から発生したガスは外に逃がす
ことなく、上方の集気ホ・バーから回収し、帰路通気管
からブロアに戻し、エアー供給筐体から堆肥の底部に再
度送り込むことのできる堆肥発生ガスの循環経路を形成
し、堆肥中に均一に循環拡散さす堆肥の製造方法である
。In order to achieve the above object, the method for producing compost of the present invention covers the outside of the compost with a covering sheet, provides an air supply case with ventilation holes at the bottom of the compost, and provides an air supply case on the top of the compost. A return air pipe is connected from the air collecting air bar to the blower, and the air is blown from the blower into the air supply housing through the air pipe 'I!'. :Connected, and the return vent pipe is provided with a replenishment valve for oxygen and fermentation agent. Then, oxygen and fermentation agents are sent to the bottom and center of the compost via a blower, and gases generated from the compost, such as nitrogen, are collected from the upper air collecting hoop without escaping to the outside. This method forms a circulation path for compost-generated gas that can be returned to the blower from the return vent pipe and sent back to the bottom of the compost from the air supply casing, and uniformly circulates and diffuses it into the compost.
上記のように構成された装置を用い堆肥の製造方法を実
施すると、積み上げられた堆肥の中心部に１で、酸素及
び発酵剤を送り込むことができ、堆肥より発生した窒素
分、アンモニア、カリ等の有効成分は外に逃がすことな
く堆肥中に均一に循環拡散さすことができる。When the compost manufacturing method is carried out using the apparatus configured as described above, oxygen and fermentation agents can be delivered to the center of the piled compost in one step, and nitrogen, ammonia, potassium, etc. generated from the compost can be delivered. The active ingredients can be circulated and diffused uniformly into the compost without escaping.
〔実施ｆｌ＋ ） 実施例について図面を参照して説明すると。[Implementation fl+] An example will be described with reference to the drawings.
第１図において、堆肥Ａの外側に被覆する被覆シート１
は５例えばポリエチレン樹脂等のプラスチ、クスのシー
ト又は布材で形成し、堆肥Ａの外側に被覆する。堆肥Ａ
の底部に埋設させるエアー供給筐体２は、例えば塩化ビ
ニール樹脂等の中空管を用いて略直方形に曲げて中空外
枠３を形成し、中空外枠３の内側に横方向に桟状に中空
の枝管４．４・・を中空外枠３と連通させて架設し、中
空外枠３及び枝管４には適宜位置に通気孔５．５・・を
穿設する。また枝管４の略中心位置には堆肥Ａの略中心
位置に上端部が達する高さの中空の通気筒６を設けるこ
とが望ましい。In Fig. 1, a covering sheet 1 is coated on the outside of compost A.
5 is made of plastic such as polyethylene resin, a sheet of paper, or a cloth material, and is coated on the outside of the compost A. Compost A
The air supply casing 2 to be buried in the bottom of the air supply case 2 is made by bending a hollow tube such as a vinyl chloride resin into a substantially rectangular shape to form a hollow outer frame 3, and inserting a bar-like structure laterally inside the hollow outer frame 3. Hollow branch pipes 4.4... are installed in communication with the hollow outer frame 3, and ventilation holes 5.5... are bored at appropriate positions in the hollow outer frame 3 and the branch pipes 4. Further, it is desirable to provide a hollow ventilation cylinder 6 at a height approximately at the center of the branch pipe 4, the upper end of which reaches approximately the center of the compost A.
堆肥Ａの上側に設ける集気ホ・バー７は例えば金属板で
略逆立ち漏斗形に形成し、集気ホ・バー７には、帰路通
気管８の一端側を連通させて接続し、帰路通気管８の他
の一端側は、外側位置に設けたブロア９に連通させて接
続する。The air collection bar 7 provided above the compost A is made of, for example, a metal plate and formed into a substantially inverted funnel shape, and one end of the return ventilation pipe 8 is connected to the air collection ho bar 7 so as to communicate with the air collection ho bar 7. The other end side of the trachea 8 is connected in communication with a blower 9 provided at an outside position.
オた、該ブロア９と前記エアー供給筐体２とを吹き込み
、通気管１０で連通させて接続する。Additionally, the blower 9 and the air supply casing 2 are blown into each other and connected through a ventilation pipe 10 .
酸素や発酵剤の補給弁口１１は帰路通気管８に連通させ
て設け、ンレノイド等を用いて堆肥内のセンサー（図示
せず）で制御するようにしてもよい。さらにクリーナー
１２を帰路通気管８の途中に設けて有害菌を除去するこ
とが望オしく％筐た。湿度を保持するための給水ノズル
ｌ３を堆肥Ａの上方に設けることが一層望浸しい。The replenishment valve port 11 for oxygen and fermentation agent may be provided in communication with the return vent pipe 8, and may be controlled by a sensor (not shown) in the compost using a renoid or the like. Furthermore, it is desirable to provide a cleaner 12 in the middle of the return vent pipe 8 to remove harmful bacteria. It is even more desirable to provide a water supply nozzle l3 above the compost A for maintaining humidity.
ｌた、ブロアは発熱温度の高いリングブロアを採用する
と循環気体の温度調整も可能となる。Furthermore, if a ring blower with a high heat generation temperature is used as the blower, the temperature of the circulating gas can be adjusted.
上述の構成の装置を用い、堆肥Ａの中心部及び底部から
必要時には酸素及び発酵剤等を充分に供給し、堆肥Ａ中
に均一に拡散させ、更に堆肥より発生した窒素弁、アン
モニア、カリ等の有効成分は外に逃がすことなく、上方
の集気ホ・バーより帰路通気管を介してブロアに戻し、
再度エアー供給筐体から堆肥Ａ中に供給し循環拡散する
。Using the device with the above-mentioned configuration, oxygen and fermentation agents are sufficiently supplied from the center and bottom of the compost A when necessary, and are uniformly dispersed in the compost A. Furthermore, nitrogen valves, ammonia, potassium, etc. generated from the compost are supplied. The active ingredients are returned to the blower from the upper air collection bar through the return vent pipe without escaping.
It is again supplied into the compost A from the air supply case and circulated and diffused.
本発明は１以上説明したように構成されているので、以
下に記載されるような効果を奏する。Since the invention is constructed as described in one or more ways, it provides the advantages described below.
積み込みされた堆肥の中心部に１で充分に酸素や、酵素
等の発酵剤等を供給が可能となるため、多大の労力と時
間を要する「切り返し」作業をする必要が無く、また、
堆肥から熟成により順次発生する窒素弁、アンモニア、
カリ等の有効成分を外に逃がすことなく、集気ホ・バで
集め、再度堆肥中に均一に循環拡散し、好気性、高温性
の微生物の育生を助長し、運転を制御することにより、
嫌気性微生物の発達にも自在に対応でき、酸素１発酵剤
、湿度、温度を何時も堆肥の熟成期に対応した最良条件
に保持した製造が可能となるものである。Since it is possible to supply sufficient oxygen and fermentation agents such as enzymes to the center of loaded compost in 1, there is no need for "cutting back" work that requires a lot of labor and time, and
Nitrogen valve, ammonia, and
By collecting active ingredients such as potash in the air collector without escaping, and circulating and diffusing them evenly into the compost again, promoting the growth of aerobic and thermophilic microorganisms, and controlling the operation,
It can freely accommodate the development of anaerobic microorganisms, and enables production while maintaining the oxygen 1 fermentation agent, humidity, and temperature at the best conditions corresponding to the ripening period of the compost.
第１図は堆肥の製造方法に用いる装置の縦断した正面図
、第２図は横断した平面図。
第３図及び第４図はそれぞれ従来の堆肥を積み上げての
製造方法を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a longitudinal front view of an apparatus used in the compost manufacturing method, and FIG. 2 is a transverse plan view. FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are diagrams each showing a conventional manufacturing method by piling up compost.
Claims (1)
堆肥の底部に設けて堆肥中に酸素或は発酵剤を必要時に
供給し、堆肥の上方に集気ホッパーを設けて堆肥から発
生した有効成分気体を集めてブロアに返還し再度堆肥中
に送り込み循環拡散せしめることを特徴とする堆肥の製
造方法。 ２、堆肥の周囲を被覆シートで覆い、堆肥の底部にはエ
アー供給筐体を設け、堆肥の上方には集気ホッパーを設
けて、該集気ホッパーと前記エアー供給筐体とをブロア
を介して通気管で接続し、該通気管に補給弁口を設けて
なる堆肥の製造装置。[Claims] 1. Cover the compost with a covering sheet, install an air supply case at the bottom of the compost to supply oxygen or fermentation agent into the compost as needed, and install an air collection hopper above the compost. A method for producing compost, characterized in that a blower is installed to collect effective ingredient gases generated from the compost, returned to the blower, and fed into the compost again for circulation and diffusion. 2. Cover the area around the compost with a covering sheet, provide an air supply housing at the bottom of the compost, provide an air collection hopper above the compost, and connect the air collection hopper and the air supply housing via a blower. A compost manufacturing device, which is connected to a manure by a ventilation pipe, and a replenishment valve port is provided in the ventilation pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2034921A JPH03237081A (en) | 1990-02-14 | 1990-02-14 | Production of compost and equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2034921A JPH03237081A (en) | 1990-02-14 | 1990-02-14 | Production of compost and equipment |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03237081A true JPH03237081A (en) | 1991-10-22 |
Family
ID=12427678
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2034921A Pending JPH03237081A (en) | 1990-02-14 | 1990-02-14 | Production of compost and equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH03237081A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2725198A1 (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 1996-04-05 | Barluet De Beauchesne Olivier | Conversion of vegetable waste to fertiliser |
| JPH08132008A (en) * | 1994-11-09 | 1996-05-28 | Masashige Nishi | Organic waste carbonizing treatment device |
| US6399359B1 (en) * | 1995-11-29 | 2002-06-04 | Harrie Hofstede | Composition system |
| US6703234B1 (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2004-03-09 | C S Associated Pty Ltd | Animal body composting |
-
1990
- 1990-02-14 JP JP2034921A patent/JPH03237081A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2725198A1 (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 1996-04-05 | Barluet De Beauchesne Olivier | Conversion of vegetable waste to fertiliser |
| JPH08132008A (en) * | 1994-11-09 | 1996-05-28 | Masashige Nishi | Organic waste carbonizing treatment device |
| US6399359B1 (en) * | 1995-11-29 | 2002-06-04 | Harrie Hofstede | Composition system |
| US6703234B1 (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2004-03-09 | C S Associated Pty Ltd | Animal body composting |
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