JPH03213696A - Prevention device for rotation stall of compressor - Google Patents
Prevention device for rotation stall of compressorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03213696A JPH03213696A JP610390A JP610390A JPH03213696A JP H03213696 A JPH03213696 A JP H03213696A JP 610390 A JP610390 A JP 610390A JP 610390 A JP610390 A JP 610390A JP H03213696 A JPH03213696 A JP H03213696A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- compressor
- output
- microphone
- signal
- actuator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、圧縮機の旋回失速防止装置に係り、特に、圧
力比が高いサージ限界付近で生じる旋回失速の防止に好
適な圧縮機の旋回失速防止装置に関する。Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a rotating stall prevention device for a compressor, and in particular, a rotating stall prevention device for a compressor suitable for preventing rotating stall that occurs near the surge limit where the pressure ratio is high. This invention relates to a stall prevention device.
ケーシング内に、複数の静翼列と静翼列間に配列されて
回転する動翼列とを備えて圧縮機流路を形成している高
圧力比の多段軸流圧縮機では、翼列からの流れの剥離に
伴ってセルと呼ばれる部分失速した部分が、圧縮機回転
数の約半分の速度で回転する、いわゆる、旋回失速を起
す場合がある。In a high pressure ratio multi-stage axial flow compressor, which has multiple rows of stator blades and rotating rows of rotor blades arranged between the rows of stator blades to form a compressor flow path in the casing, As a result of separation of the flow, a partially stalled section called a cell may rotate at about half the speed of the compressor, resulting in a so-called rotating stall.
第３図に圧縮機の圧力−流量特性線図を示すように、旋
回失速には、圧縮機の設計回転数以下の運転曲線（実線
）上の部分回転数で生じるもののほかに、圧力比が高い
サージ限界（−点鎖線）付近で発生するものがある。前
者は一般に、セル数とセルの伝播速度を乗じた翼加振周
波数が翼の一次固有振動数より低く、加振力も小さいた
めに翼振動応力は問題となるほど大きくならない。一方
、後者は圧力が高く加振力が大きく、セル数が一つであ
ることが多いため、軸に対してもアンバランスになる。As shown in the pressure-flow characteristic diagram of the compressor in Fig. 3, swirling stall occurs at partial speeds on the operating curve (solid line) below the design speed of the compressor, as well as when the pressure ratio Some occur near the high surge limit (-dotted chain line). In the former case, the blade excitation frequency, which is the product of the number of cells and the cell propagation speed, is generally lower than the primary natural frequency of the blade, and the excitation force is also small, so the blade vibration stress does not become large enough to cause a problem. On the other hand, in the latter case, the pressure is high, the excitation force is large, and the number of cells is often one, resulting in imbalance with respect to the axis.
このため、翼だけでなく軸にも多大な振動を励起し、場
合によっては、それらの破損につながる。従って、圧力
比が高いサージ限界付近で生じる旋回失速の防止方法、
および、防止装置の確立は重要な課題である。This excites significant vibrations not only in the blades but also in the shaft, and in some cases leads to their failure. Therefore, there is a method for preventing rotational stall that occurs near the surge limit where the pressure ratio is high.
Establishing a prevention device is an important issue.
従来の圧力比が高いサージ限界付近で生じる旋回失速の
防止装置は、特開昭６２−１０７２９３号公報及び特開
昭６３−３３９７８号公報記載のものが知られている。Conventional devices for preventing rotational stall that occur near the surge limit when the pressure ratio is high are known as those described in JP-A-62-107293 and JP-A-63-33978.
これらの発明は、圧力比が高い領域で旋回失速に先行し
てサージングが発生することに着目し、圧縮機本体に取
り付けた圧力センサ、振動センサなどのサージセンサに
よってサージングによる急激な圧力上昇を検出し、制御
回路を通して放風弁を動作して旋回失速を未然に防ぐも
のである。These inventions focus on the fact that surging occurs prior to rotational stall in areas with high pressure ratios, and detect sudden pressure increases due to surging using surge sensors such as pressure sensors and vibration sensors attached to the compressor body. The control circuit then operates the blow-off valve to prevent rotational stalls.
特開昭６２−１０７２９３号公報及び特開昭６３−３３
９７８号公報記載の従来の旋回失速防止装置は、圧縮機
本体に取りつけた圧力センサまたは振動センサなどのサ
ージセンサによってサージングによる圧力上昇を検出す
るものであった。JP-A-62-107293 and JP-A-63-33
The conventional rotating stall prevention device described in Japanese Patent No. 978 detects a pressure increase due to surging using a surge sensor such as a pressure sensor or a vibration sensor attached to the compressor body.
しかし、これらのサージセンサは圧縮機流路内の温度上
昇によって。However, these surge sensors are sensitive to temperature increases within the compressor flow path.
（１）リード線被覆が溶け、絶縁抵抗が低下する。(1) The lead wire coating melts and the insulation resistance decreases.
（２）センサの感度が変化し、補正が難しい。(2) Sensor sensitivity changes and correction is difficult.
などの問題があった。There were other problems.
本発明の目的は、圧力比が高いサージ限界付近で生じる
旋回失速を発生後ただちに回避し、信頼性の高い圧縮機
の旋回失速防止装置を提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a highly reliable rotating stall prevention device for a compressor that can immediately avoid rotating stall that occurs near the surge limit where the pressure ratio is high.
上記目的を達成するために、本発明に係る圧縮機の旋回
失速防止装置は、ケーシング内に、複数の静翼列と静翼
列間に配列されて回転する動翼列とを備えて圧縮機流路
を形成する圧縮機において、圧縮機本体外側に設けられ
たマイクロフォンと、このマイクロフォンからの信号を
判断してアクチュエータを作動させる制御回路と、圧縮
機の吐出側に設けられ、アクチュエータによって開閉す
る放風弁手段とで構成したものである。In order to achieve the above object, a rotating stall prevention device for a compressor according to the present invention includes, in a casing, a plurality of rows of stator blades and a row of rotating rotor blades arranged between the rows of stator blades. In a compressor that forms a flow path, there is a microphone installed on the outside of the compressor main body, a control circuit that judges the signal from this microphone and operates an actuator, and a control circuit that is installed on the discharge side of the compressor and is opened and closed by the actuator. It consists of a blowoff valve means.
まず、圧力比が高いサージ限界付近で生じる旋回失速現
象について説明する。First, the rotating stall phenomenon that occurs near the surge limit where the pressure ratio is high will be explained.
第４図は、多段軸流圧縮機で発生した旋回失速の測定結
果で、圧縮機のケーシングにおける壁圧および軸振動の
時刻歴波形図である。FIG. 4 is a time history waveform chart of the wall pressure and shaft vibration in the casing of the compressor, showing the measurement results of the rotating stall that occurred in the multi-stage axial flow compressor.
図中−点鎖線を境として壁圧、軸振動ともに振幅が急激
に増加している。これは圧縮機で異常な旋回失速が生じ
たためである。この旋回失速が生じると同時に、そのセ
ル数と伝播速度との積で決まる周波数の大きな音が発生
する。In the figure, the amplitudes of both the wall pressure and the shaft vibration increase rapidly from the dashed-dotted line. This was due to an abnormal rotating stall occurring in the compressor. At the same time as this rotating stall occurs, a loud sound with a frequency determined by the product of the number of cells and the propagation speed is generated.
従って、旋回失速とともに生じる音を圧縮機の本体外側
に設置したマイクロフォンで検出し、その直後に放風弁
を開くことにより圧縮機を無負荷の状態にすれば、旋回
失速をただちに回避することができる。Therefore, it is possible to immediately avoid a rotating stall by detecting the sound caused by a rotating stall with a microphone installed on the outside of the compressor body, and then immediately opening the blow-off valve to place the compressor in an unloaded state. can.
マイクロフォンは、圧縮機の本体外側に設置されるため
、温度上昇の影響を受けず、上述の課題は解決される。Since the microphone is installed outside the main body of the compressor, it is not affected by temperature rise, and the above-mentioned problem is solved.
以下、本発明の一実施例を第１図および第２図を参照し
て説明する。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
第１図は、本発明の一実施例に係る圧縮機の旋回失速防
止装置の系統図、第２図は、第１図の回路の動作説明図
である。FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a rotating stall prevention device for a compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 1.
第１図において、圧縮機１は、ケーシング内に、複数の
静翼列と静翼列間に配列されて回転する動翼列とを備え
て圧縮機流路を形成する多段軸流の圧縮機で、吸入配管
２を介して空気を吸入し、圧縮空気を吐出配列管３に吐
出すものである。In FIG. 1, a compressor 1 is a multi-stage axial flow compressor that includes a plurality of stator blade rows and rotating rotor blade rows arranged between the stator blade rows in a casing to form a compressor flow path. Air is sucked in through the suction pipe 2 and compressed air is discharged into the discharge array pipe 3.
なお、ガスタービンの場合は、圧縮機で生成された圧縮
空気が燃焼器やタービンへの空気源となるように構成さ
れている。Note that in the case of a gas turbine, compressed air generated by a compressor is configured to serve as an air source for a combustor or a turbine.
吐出配管３には、バイパス配管４が接続され、その吐出
側には放風弁５が具備されている。A bypass pipe 4 is connected to the discharge pipe 3, and a blowoff valve 5 is provided on the discharge side thereof.
放風弁５は、圧縮機１の通常運転時に閉鎖されているが
、緊急時にはアクチュエータ６によって急開口しうるよ
うに構成されている。The blowoff valve 5 is closed during normal operation of the compressor 1, but is configured so that it can be suddenly opened by an actuator 6 in an emergency.
圧縮機１の外側には、マイクロフォン７が取付けられて
おり、これによって圧縮機１より生じる音を検出する。A microphone 7 is attached to the outside of the compressor 1 to detect sounds generated by the compressor 1.
フィルタ回路８では、マイクロフォン７から出力された
信号の高周波ノイズをカットする。整流回路９では、交
流信号をその振幅の大きさに応じた第２図のような直流
信号に変換し、出力判別回路１０に出力する。The filter circuit 8 cuts high frequency noise in the signal output from the microphone 7. The rectifier circuit 9 converts the AC signal into a DC signal as shown in FIG. 2 according to its amplitude, and outputs it to the output discrimination circuit 10.
出力判別回路１０では、入力電圧の大きさに応じ、予め
設定された基準電圧値以上では成る一定の電圧を発生し
出力するが、それ以外の入力電圧では出力しないように
設定されている。The output discrimination circuit 10 generates and outputs a constant voltage that is equal to or higher than a preset reference voltage value depending on the magnitude of the input voltage, but is set not to output any other input voltage.
アクチュエータ６は、出力判別回路１０から信号が入力
された場合に限り作動して放風弁５を開口する。The actuator 6 operates to open the blowoff valve 5 only when a signal is input from the output discrimination circuit 10 .
マイクロフォン７により、第２図に示すような旋回失速
発生時の大きな音を検出した場合、上述の過程によって
アクチュエータ６が作動し、放風弁５を開口する。放風
弁５の開口によって、圧縮機１は圧力が急激に降下し無
負荷状態になるため、旋回失速発生後、ただちに、回避
することが実現できる。When the microphone 7 detects a loud sound when a turning stall occurs as shown in FIG. 2, the actuator 6 is actuated to open the blowoff valve 5 through the process described above. By opening the blow-off valve 5, the pressure of the compressor 1 rapidly drops and the compressor 1 enters a no-load state, so that rotational stall can be immediately avoided after it occurs.
本実施例によれば、圧縮機の本体外側にマイクロフォン
を取付け、このマイクロフォンからの信号を判断して放
風弁を開口するようにしたので、簡単な制御回路で、圧
力比が高いサージ限界付近に生じる旋回失速を発生後た
だちに防止し、信頼性の高い圧縮機を得ることができる
。According to this embodiment, a microphone is attached to the outside of the compressor main body, and the signal from this microphone is judged to open the air discharge valve, so a simple control circuit can be used to control the pressure near the surge limit when the pressure ratio is high. It is possible to immediately prevent rotational stalls that occur due to the occurrence of rotary stalls, and obtain a highly reliable compressor.
また、フィルタ回路８と整流回路９を用いるかわりに、
ＦＦＴアナライザを用いてもよい。その場合は、旋回失
速の周波数における音のレベルがある設定値よりも大き
い時に放風弁が開くように制御すればよい。本実施例に
よれば、旋回失速による周波数成分を、回転次数成分等
から分離できるので、より精度の高い旋回失速防止が可
能である。Also, instead of using the filter circuit 8 and the rectifier circuit 9,
An FFT analyzer may also be used. In that case, the blowoff valve may be controlled to open when the sound level at the rotating stall frequency is greater than a certain set value. According to this embodiment, since the frequency component due to the rotating stall can be separated from the rotational order component, etc., it is possible to prevent the rotating stall with higher accuracy.
本発明によれば、圧力比が高いサージ限界付近に生じる
旋回失速を発生後、ただちに、回避でき、信頼性の高い
圧縮機の旋回失速防止装置を提供することができる。According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a highly reliable rotating stall prevention device for a compressor that can immediately avoid a rotating stall that occurs near the surge limit where the pressure ratio is high after it occurs.
第１図は、本発明の一実施例に係る圧縮機の旋回失速防
止装置の系統図、第２図は、第１図の動作説明図、第３
図は、圧縮機の圧カー流量特性線図、第４図は、多段軸
流圧縮機の壁圧及び軸振動の時刻歴波形図である。
１・・・圧縮機、２・・・吸入配管、３・・・吐出配管
、４・・・バイパス配管、５・・・放風弁、６・・・ア
クチュエータ、７・・・マイクロフォン、８・・・フィ
ルタ、９・・・整流同率
図
纂
図
口開
嘉
３
図
流１ａ
図FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a rotating stall prevention device for a compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of FIG. 1, and FIG.
The figure is a pressure curve flow characteristic diagram of the compressor, and FIG. 4 is a time history waveform diagram of wall pressure and shaft vibration of the multistage axial flow compressor. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Compressor, 2... Suction piping, 3... Discharge piping, 4... Bypass piping, 5... Air discharge valve, 6... Actuator, 7... Microphone, 8... ...Filter, 9... Rectification equivalence diagram compilation diagram mouth opening 3 diagram flow 1a diagram
Claims (1)
列されて回転する動翼列とを備えて圧縮機流路を形成す
る圧縮機において、 前記圧縮機の本体外側に設けられたマイクロフォンと、
前記マイクロフォンからの信号を判断してアクチュエー
タを作動せしめる制御回路と、前記圧縮機の吐出側に設
けられ、前記アクチュエータによつて開閉する放風弁手
段とを備えていることを特徴とする圧縮機の旋回失速防
止装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. A compressor comprising, in a casing, a plurality of rows of stator blades and a row of rotating rotor blades arranged between the rows of stator blades to form a compressor flow path, the compressor comprising: A microphone installed on the outside of the main body,
A compressor comprising: a control circuit that operates an actuator by determining a signal from the microphone; and a blow-off valve that is provided on the discharge side of the compressor and is opened and closed by the actuator. Rotating stall prevention device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP610390A JPH03213696A (en) | 1990-01-17 | 1990-01-17 | Prevention device for rotation stall of compressor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP610390A JPH03213696A (en) | 1990-01-17 | 1990-01-17 | Prevention device for rotation stall of compressor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03213696A true JPH03213696A (en) | 1991-09-19 |
Family
ID=11629169
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP610390A Pending JPH03213696A (en) | 1990-01-17 | 1990-01-17 | Prevention device for rotation stall of compressor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH03213696A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0685652A2 (en) | 1994-05-19 | 1995-12-06 | Ebara Corporation | Surge detection device and turbomachinery therewith |
| JP2012528989A (en) * | 2009-06-05 | 2012-11-15 | ジョンソン コントロールズ テクノロジー カンパニー | Control system |
| WO2018054546A1 (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2018-03-29 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Method for operating a turbo compressor, turbo compressor having a surge limit controller and air separation plant |
-
1990
- 1990-01-17 JP JP610390A patent/JPH03213696A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0685652A2 (en) | 1994-05-19 | 1995-12-06 | Ebara Corporation | Surge detection device and turbomachinery therewith |
| JP2012528989A (en) * | 2009-06-05 | 2012-11-15 | ジョンソン コントロールズ テクノロジー カンパニー | Control system |
| US11378088B2 (en) | 2009-06-05 | 2022-07-05 | Johnson Controls Tyco IP Holdings LLP | Control system for centrifugal compressor |
| WO2018054546A1 (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2018-03-29 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Method for operating a turbo compressor, turbo compressor having a surge limit controller and air separation plant |
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