JPH03207419A - Method and device for solid-gas separation - Google Patents
Method and device for solid-gas separationInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03207419A JPH03207419A JP395490A JP395490A JPH03207419A JP H03207419 A JPH03207419 A JP H03207419A JP 395490 A JP395490 A JP 395490A JP 395490 A JP395490 A JP 395490A JP H03207419 A JPH03207419 A JP H03207419A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- dust
- air
- aqueous solution
- duct
- containing air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 alcohol sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、固体と気体とを分離する方法と装置に関し、
特に、農産物処理施設等で発生する吸水性塵埃を空気か
ら分離する方法と装置に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for separating solids and gases.
In particular, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for separating water-absorbing dust generated in agricultural products processing facilities from the air.
気体から固体を分離するものとしては、乾式のサイクン
ロンやバッグフィルターが従来より知られている。また
サイクロンの気体流動部に水を噴霧して、乾式サイクロ
ンでは分離効率の悪い塵埃を分離する湿式サイクロン方
式が知られており、この湿式サイクロン方式の公知技術
は例えば特公昭５１−４９６６７７号や実公昭２８−７
３８７号がある。しかしながら、これら従来技術は次の
ような問題点があった。まず、バッグフィルター式集塵
装置は、ろ布を通過する風速を数センチメートルとする
ため、ろ布面積が大きくなり、設備が大型化すること、
ろ布の目詰りを防止するための払落し装置が必要なこと
、ろ布が消耗品であるため運転経費が高いことがあげら
れる。また、乾式サイクロンや乾式沈降室を使用すると
人体に一番害の大きい微少塵埃が排出空気中に浮遊する
ので、分離効率を向上するためには湿式集塵とするが、
このものは流通空気に水膜を生じるほどの水を噴霧する
ので塵埃を含んだ水の後処理設備と塵埃の回収設備が必
要であった。Dry type cyclotrons and bag filters have been known for separating solids from gases. In addition, a wet cyclone method is known in which water is sprayed into the gas flow section of the cyclone to separate dust, which is difficult to separate with a dry cyclone. Kosho 28-7
There is No. 387. However, these conventional techniques have the following problems. First, in bag filter type dust collectors, the wind speed passing through the filter cloth is a few centimeters, so the filter cloth area becomes large and the equipment becomes large.
Two problems include the need for a wiping device to prevent the filter cloth from clogging, and the high operating costs since the filter cloth is a consumable item. In addition, if a dry cyclone or dry settling chamber is used, the minute dust that is most harmful to the human body will float in the discharged air, so wet dust collection is used to improve separation efficiency.
This method sprays enough water to form a water film on the circulating air, so it required post-treatment equipment for water containing dust and dust collection equipment.
この発明は上記のような問題点を解決し、乾式集塵装置
に近い形態で湿式集塵方式の捕集効果を得られる方法と
装置を提供することを課題とする。An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a method and device that can obtain the collection effect of a wet dust collection system in a form similar to that of a dry dust collection system.
前記課題を解決するために本発明は、含塵空気の流動工
程において界面活性剤の水溶液を微粒子化して含塵空気
に噴霧し、該水溶液を含浸した塵埃を自然沈降又は遠心
分離する方法を用い、その装置として含塵空気を輸送す
るダクトと、該ダクトの終末寄りに設けたサイクロン又
は自然沈降室と、サイクロン又は自然沈降室かそれらへ
の給風側にミスト発生装置を設けてその手段とした。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention uses a method in which an aqueous solution of a surfactant is atomized into fine particles and sprayed onto the dust-containing air in the dust-containing air flow step, and the dust impregnated with the aqueous solution is subjected to natural sedimentation or centrifugal separation. The device includes a duct for transporting dust-containing air, a cyclone or natural settling chamber installed near the end of the duct, and a mist generating device installed on the air supply side to the cyclone or natural settling chamber. did.
〔作 用〕
含塵空気中の塵埃は通常水分が１０〜２０％であり、５
０ミクロン以下の微小塵埃の沈降速度が遅く、空気との
分離が沈降式や遠心分離式では不完全であるが、この塵
埃に水分を吸着含浸させると重量が増し、分離が容易と
なる。しかしながら、単なる水の場合は、水に対する塵
埃の表面張力が大きく水漏れしにくいため多量の水を供
給する必要がある。そこで、界面活性剤を添加した水溶
液を用いると、このミストがすばやく塵埃に付着吸収さ
れ、その塵埃の重量が増加して分離が容易となる。[Function] Dust in dust-containing air usually has a moisture content of 10 to 20%, and
The sedimentation speed of minute dust of 0 microns or less is slow, and separation from air is incomplete in sedimentation and centrifugal separation methods, but when this dust is adsorbed and impregnated with moisture, its weight increases and separation becomes easier. However, in the case of simple water, it is necessary to supply a large amount of water because the surface tension of dust with respect to water is large and it is difficult for water to leak. Therefore, when an aqueous solution containing a surfactant is used, this mist is quickly attached to and absorbed by the dust, which increases the weight of the dust and facilitates separation.
本発明の実施例を図面を参照しながら説明する。第１図
は本発明を実施した固気分離装置のー実施例の概念図で
ある。ダクト４の終末にサイクロン１の給風口５を接続
する。サイクロンエは、上部を排風口２とし、テーパー
状に絞った下部を塵埃回収口３とした従来公知の装置で
ある。該サイクロン１の給風口５側にダクト内風速を減
少するための気室ｌＯを設け、該気室１０内に水溶液タ
ンク７とこの水溶液をミスト化するための超音波振動素
子６からなるミスト発生装置８を設ける。１１は気室底
部に設けた引出しである。また、ミスト発生装置は水溶
液タンク７と二流体式超音波ノズル９で構成することも
できる。ミスト発生装置は界面活性剤を添加した水溶液
を５０ミクロン以下の微粒子に霧化できるものであれば
本件発明の構威を満たすものである。Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of an embodiment of a solid-gas separator embodying the present invention. The air supply port 5 of the cyclone 1 is connected to the end of the duct 4. The cyclone is a conventionally known device having an air exhaust port 2 at the top and a dust collection port 3 at the tapered bottom. An air chamber 10 is provided on the side of the air supply port 5 of the cyclone 1 to reduce the wind speed in the duct, and a mist generating device is provided in the air chamber 10, which includes an aqueous solution tank 7 and an ultrasonic vibration element 6 for turning this aqueous solution into a mist. A device 8 is provided. 11 is a drawer provided at the bottom of the air chamber. Further, the mist generator can also be configured with an aqueous solution tank 7 and a two-fluid type ultrasonic nozzle 9. The mist generator satisfies the structure of the present invention as long as it is capable of atomizing an aqueous solution containing a surfactant into fine particles of 50 microns or less.
第２図に示すものは、第１図のサイクロンを自然沈降室
に置きかえた概念を示す正断面図であり、ダクト４の断
面積よりはるかに大きい断面を有し、風速を減じて塵埃
を沈降させる複数の沈降室１２，１３．１４を仕切板１
５．１６により形成し、給風口５側にミスト発生装置を
設けたものである。なお、第１図、第２図共、同一構成
要素となるものは同一符号を付してある。The one shown in Figure 2 is a front cross-sectional view showing the concept of replacing the cyclone in Figure 1 with a natural settling chamber, which has a cross section much larger than the cross-sectional area of duct 4, reducing the wind speed and settling dust. A partition plate 1 separates a plurality of settling chambers 12, 13, and 14.
5.16, and a mist generator is provided on the side of the air supply port 5. Incidentally, in both FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the same components are given the same reference numerals.
次に上記構成における作用を述べる。農産物処理により
発生する吸水性の塵埃が集められ、空気と共にダクト４
によって輸送されてくる。Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described. Water-absorbing dust generated from processing agricultural products is collected and sent to the duct 4 along with the air.
It is transported by.
ダクト４の終末寄りに設けられたミスト発生装ｆｆｉ８
の水溶液タンクには水溶性界面活性剤を水量に対し、０
０１〜０．２％添加した水溶液を供給する。界面活性剤
としては高級アルコールエトキシレート、高級アルコー
ルスルホン酸塩、直鎖型アルキルベンゼンスルオン酸塩
等が挙げられ、これらの界面活性剤水溶液を使用すると
単純な水の場合表面に浮いていた籾殻が０．１％水溶液
の場合２秒で水沈するまで表面張力が小さくなった。Mist generator ffi8 installed near the end of duct 4
In the aqueous solution tank, add water-soluble surfactant to the amount of water at 0%.
0.01-0.2% added aqueous solution is supplied. Examples of surfactants include higher alcohol ethoxylates, higher alcohol sulfonates, and linear alkylbenzene sulfonates. When an aqueous solution of these surfactants is used, rice husks that would float on the surface of plain water are eliminated. In the case of a .1% aqueous solution, the surface tension decreased until it sank in water in 2 seconds.
この０．１％水溶液をミスト発生装置によって５０ミク
ロン以下の大きさに霧化し、空気重量に対して５０〜２
００ＰＰＭの範囲で添加したところ塵埃のうち２０ミク
ロン以下の大きさのものの捕集効率は水溶液を添加しな
いときの３２％から６５％へと２倍に増加し、効果は大
きいものがあった。なお添加量は空気の流速、サイクロ
ン等の型式、塵埃の種類と量および排風の浄化程度を考
慮し、実験的に算出すべきものである。This 0.1% aqueous solution is atomized to a size of 50 microns or less using a mist generator, and the size is 50 to 2
When the solution was added in a range of 0.00 PPM, the efficiency of collecting dust particles with a size of 20 microns or less doubled from 32% when no aqueous solution was added to 65%, and the effect was significant. The amount added should be calculated experimentally, taking into consideration the air flow rate, the type of cyclone, etc., the type and amount of dust, and the degree of purification of the exhaust air.
そして、回収された塵埃は水分が約３０％であり１５％
増加していたがその後の処理は乾式集塵方法と同様に処
理可能で紙袋にそのまま詰めることができるものであっ
た。The collected dust has a moisture content of approximately 30% and 15%.
However, the subsequent treatment was similar to the dry dust collection method, and the dust could be packed directly into paper bags.
本発明によれば、含塵空気の流動工程において界面活性
剤の水溶液を微粉子化して含塵空気に噴霧し、その塵埃
を空気から分離するようにしたので、従来の乾式集塵方
式に比べ微粒子の塵埃の捕集効率を向上できると共に、
従来の湿式集塵装置のように水の後処理も不要となり、
集塵装置を簡素化できる。また、バッグフィルターのよ
うに高価で、運転コストの大きな装置と同等の捕集効果
を得ることができる。According to the present invention, in the dust-containing air flow process, an aqueous surfactant solution is pulverized and sprayed onto the dust-containing air, and the dust is separated from the air, compared to the conventional dry dust collection method. In addition to improving the collection efficiency of fine particles,
There is no need for post-treatment of water as with conventional wet dust collectors.
The dust collector can be simplified. In addition, it is possible to obtain the same collection effect as an expensive device such as a bag filter, which requires a large operating cost.
第１図は本発明の固気分離装置の概念を示す縦断面図、
第２図は別実施例の概念を示す縦断面図である。
１・・・サイクロン、２・・・排風口、３・・・塵埃回
収口、４・・・ダクト、５・・・給風口、６・・・超音
波振動素子、７・・・水溶液タンク、８・・・ミスト発
生装置、９・・・二流体式超音波ノズル、１０・・・空
気、１１・・・引出し、１２，１３．１４・・・沈降室
、１５．１６・・・仕切板。FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the concept of the solid-gas separator of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the concept of another embodiment. 1... Cyclone, 2... Air exhaust port, 3... Dust collection port, 4... Duct, 5... Air supply port, 6... Ultrasonic vibration element, 7... Aqueous solution tank, 8... Mist generator, 9... Two-fluid type ultrasonic nozzle, 10... Air, 11... Drawer, 12, 13.14... Sedimentation chamber, 15.16... Partition plate .
Claims (2)
含塵空気の流動工程において界面活性剤の水溶液を微粒
子化して含塵空気に噴霧し、前記水溶液を含浸した塵埃
を自然沈降又は遠心分離することを特徴とする固気分離
方法。(1) A method for separating dust from dust-containing air, in which an aqueous solution of a surfactant is atomized into fine particles and sprayed onto the dust-containing air in the dust-containing air flow step, and the dust impregnated with the aqueous solution is allowed to settle naturally or A solid-gas separation method characterized by centrifugation.
りに設けたサイクロンと、サイクロン又はその給風側に
設けたミスト発生装置とから成ることを特徴とする固気
分離装置。（３）含塵空気を輸送するダクトと、該ダク
トの終末寄りに設けた自然沈降室と、該沈降室又はその
給風側に設けたミスト発生装置とから成ることを特徴と
する固気分離装置。(2) A solid-gas separation device comprising a duct for transporting dust-containing air, a cyclone provided near the end of the duct, and a mist generator provided on the cyclone or the air supply side thereof. (3) Solid-gas separation characterized by comprising a duct for transporting dust-containing air, a natural settling chamber provided near the end of the duct, and a mist generator provided in the settling chamber or on the air supply side thereof. Device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP395490A JPH03207419A (en) | 1990-01-10 | 1990-01-10 | Method and device for solid-gas separation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP395490A JPH03207419A (en) | 1990-01-10 | 1990-01-10 | Method and device for solid-gas separation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03207419A true JPH03207419A (en) | 1991-09-10 |
Family
ID=11571498
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP395490A Pending JPH03207419A (en) | 1990-01-10 | 1990-01-10 | Method and device for solid-gas separation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH03207419A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011106034A1 (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-09-01 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Nanoparticle separation |
-
1990
- 1990-01-10 JP JP395490A patent/JPH03207419A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011106034A1 (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-09-01 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Nanoparticle separation |
| US8317901B2 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2012-11-27 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Nanoparticle filtration |
| JP2013519523A (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2013-05-30 | エンパイア テクノロジー ディベロップメント エルエルシー | Nanoparticle separation |
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