JPH03169601A - Fire retardant treatment of wood - Google Patents
Fire retardant treatment of woodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03169601A JPH03169601A JP31240889A JP31240889A JPH03169601A JP H03169601 A JPH03169601 A JP H03169601A JP 31240889 A JP31240889 A JP 31240889A JP 31240889 A JP31240889 A JP 31240889A JP H03169601 A JPH03169601 A JP H03169601A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- guanidine
- wood
- silicate
- phosphate
- flameproofing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- SQSPRWMERUQXNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanylurea Chemical class NC(=N)NC(N)=O SQSPRWMERUQXNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- CEDDGDWODCGBFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamimidoylazanium;hydron;phosphate Chemical compound NC(N)=N.OP(O)(O)=O CEDDGDWODCGBFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- LWFBRHSTNWMMGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phenylpyrrolidin-1-ium-2-carboxylic acid;chloride Chemical compound Cl.C1NC(C(=O)O)CC1C1=CC=CC=C1 LWFBRHSTNWMMGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- LNEUSAPFBRDCPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamimidoylazanium;sulfamate Chemical compound NC(N)=N.NS(O)(=O)=O LNEUSAPFBRDCPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 abstract description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 amine silicate Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium metasilicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052912 lithium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- XNCOSPRUTUOJCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Biguanide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC(N)=N XNCOSPRUTUOJCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940123208 Biguanide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfamate Chemical compound NS([O-])(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MMHVKBFOWOQNKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminoguanidine;phosphoric acid Chemical compound NN=C(N)N.OP(O)(O)=O MMHVKBFOWOQNKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000218645 Cedrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218691 Cupressaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HAMNKKUPIHEESI-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminoguanidine Chemical compound NNC(N)=N HAMNKKUPIHEESI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- KZGLRFIQMPDBDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid;guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N.OB(O)O KZGLRFIQMPDBDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004079 fireproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012757 flame retardant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NDEMNVPZDAFUKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N guanidine;nitric acid Chemical compound NC(N)=N.O[N+]([O-])=O.O[N+]([O-])=O NDEMNVPZDAFUKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000077 insect repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011147 magnesium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxy-2-propan-2-ylsulfonylethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)S(=O)(=O)CC(N)=NO LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002903 organophosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002424 termiticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野〉
この発明は、木材に難燃性を付与するための難燃化処理
方法に関するものである．
〈従来の技術とその課題〉
不燃性あるいは難燃性材料として、木毛セメント板、軽
カル板、セメントボード等がある。これらは、不燃材料
たるセメントに木材の繊維やパルブ等をフィラー（充填
材）として混合したものであるが、不燃性は確保できる
かわりに建材として重要な曲げ強度が木材に比べて大き
く劣っている。このため、木材の曲げ強度を維持しつつ
、難燃性（自己消火性）を付与する方法として、水溶性
の無機塩類、たとえば第１リン酸アンモニウム、第２リ
ン酸アンモニウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、塩
化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、塩化亜鉛などを単一
あるいは混合して木材に含浸させる方法がある．
しかし、この方法には幾つかの問題がある。例えば、第
１リン酸アンモニウム、第２リン酸アンモニウムは、比
較的低温で分解するため防火材料製造工程中の高温処理
に適さないうえ、腐朽菌の栄養源となるため、処理量が
増すと防腐性が低下する，炭酸カリウム、炭酸ナトリウ
ムは、処理後空気中の炭酸ガスを吸収して、重炭酸塩と
なるので経年変化を生ずる。塩化カルシウム、塩化マグ
ネシウム、塩化亜鉛は吸湿性が極めて大きく、金属の腐
食や腐朽菌の繁殖による木材質の劣化を生ずる。またい
ずれも水溶性薬剤であるため、耐水性に問題があり、従
って外装材に使えず用途が限定されるという欠点がある
。[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial field of application) This invention relates to a flame retardant treatment method for imparting flame retardancy to wood. <Prior art and its problems> Non-flammable or retardant Combustible materials include wood wool cement board, light cal board, cement board, etc.These are made by mixing non-combustible cement with wood fibers, pulp, etc. as fillers, but they are non-combustible. However, the bending strength, which is important as a building material, is significantly inferior to that of wood.For this reason, water-soluble There is a method of impregnating wood with inorganic salts, such as diammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, zinc chloride, etc., either singly or in combination.However, this method For example, monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate decompose at relatively low temperatures, making them unsuitable for high-temperature treatment during the manufacturing process of fireproofing materials. Potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate absorb carbon dioxide gas in the air after treatment and become bicarbonate, causing deterioration over time.Calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, Zinc chloride has extremely high hygroscopicity, causing corrosion of metals and deterioration of wood quality due to the growth of rotting fungi.In addition, since both are water-soluble chemicals, there are problems with water resistance, so they cannot be used as exterior materials. It has the disadvantage of being limited.
これらの欠点をカバーするために、２種の水溶性無機化
合物水溶液の一方の水溶液を木材に含浸させた後、他方
の水溶液を含浸させることによって、木材の組織内に不
溶性不燃性無機化合物を分散定着させる方法が提案され
ている（特開昭６１−２４４５０２、６１−２４６００
３）が、難燃性確保のためには木材の絶乾重量に対して
４０重量％以上、好ましくは８０重量％以上の含浸率が
必要であり、加工条件の選定に困難が大きく、実用化が
進んでいないのが実情である。In order to overcome these drawbacks, an insoluble, non-combustible inorganic compound was dispersed within the structure of the wood by impregnating the wood with one of two aqueous solutions of water-soluble inorganic compounds and then impregnating it with the other aqueous solution. A fixing method has been proposed (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 61-244502, 61-24600).
3) However, in order to ensure flame retardancy, an impregnation rate of 40% by weight or more, preferably 80% by weight or more based on the absolute dry weight of the wood is required, making it difficult to select processing conditions and making it difficult to put it into practical use. The reality is that progress has not been made.
これらとは別に、有機リン、ハロゲン化合物など有機系
薬剤を用いる方法も種々提案されているが、一般には溶
剤を用いるため加工面の困難があり、また多くは毒性の
問題があり実用化に至っていない。Apart from these, various methods using organic chemicals such as organic phosphorus and halogen compounds have been proposed, but they generally involve processing difficulties due to the use of solvents, and many have toxicity problems, so they have not been put into practical use. not present.
く課題を解決するための手段〉
本発明者らは木材の難燃化に関する上記のような現状に
鑑みて、木材特有の曲げ強度、外観を維持しつつ難燃性
を有する改質木材を製造する処理方法について鋭意検討
を重ねた結果、ケイ酸アルカリとグアニジン系防炎剤と
を主成分とした薬剤にて木材を処理することにより、比
較的少量の含浸で外観・性能の良好な改質木材が得られ
ることを見出し、この発明を完成するに至ったものであ
る。Means for Solving the Problems> In view of the above-mentioned current situation regarding flame retardancy of wood, the present inventors produced modified wood that has flame retardancy while maintaining the bending strength and appearance peculiar to wood. As a result of extensive research into treatment methods, we found that by treating wood with a chemical whose main ingredients are alkali silicate and guanidine flame retardants, we were able to improve the appearance and performance with a relatively small amount of impregnation. It was discovered that wood could be obtained, and this invention was completed.
く作用〉 以下にこの発明を詳しく説明する。Effect〉 This invention will be explained in detail below.
この発明において使用するケイ酸アルカリとしては、た
とえばケイ酸ナトリウム、ケイ酸カリウム、ケイ酸リチ
ウム、ケイ酸アンモン、ケイ酸アミン等がある。Examples of the alkali silicate used in this invention include sodium silicate, potassium silicate, lithium silicate, ammonium silicate, and amine silicate.
又、グアニジン系防炎剤としてはグアニジン、グアニル
尿素、ビグアニドまたはアミノグアニジンであるグアニ
ジン系塩基と燐酸、ポリ燐酸、スルファミン酸、硼酸、
硝酸または硫酸などの無機酸との塩類が用いられ、具体
的には燐酸グアニジン、ポリ燐酸グアニジン、スルファ
ミン酸グアニジン、硼酸グアニジン、硝酸グアニジン、
燐酸グアニル尿素、ポリ燐酸グアニル尿素、スルファミ
ン酸グアニル尿８素、燐酸ビグアニド、スルファミン酸
ビグアニド、燐酸アミノグアニジン、スルファミン酸ア
ミノグアニシンなどが挙げられる。In addition, guanidine-based flame retardants include guanidine-based bases such as guanidine, guanylurea, biguanide, or aminoguanidine, and phosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, sulfamic acid, boric acid,
Salts with inorganic acids such as nitric acid or sulfuric acid are used, specifically guanidine phosphate, guanidine polyphosphate, guanidine sulfamate, guanidine borate, guanidine nitrate,
Examples include guanylurea phosphate, guanylurea polyphosphate, guanylurea sulfamate, biguanide phosphate, biguanide sulfamate, aminoguanidine phosphate, and aminoguanisine sulfamate.
これらのうちでも実用的な見地から特に重要なものはグ
アニジン並びにグアニル尿素の塩類であり通常は燐酸グ
アニジン、スルファミン酸グアニジン、燐酸グアニル尿
素等が用いられる。Among these, salts of guanidine and guanylurea are particularly important from a practical standpoint, and guanidine phosphate, guanidine sulfamate, guanylurea phosphate, etc. are usually used.
この発明の方法において使用する薬剤はケイ酸アルカリ
とグアニジン系防炎剤を主或分とするものであり、ケイ
酸アルカリ１００重量部に対し通常グアニジン系防炎剤
５〜２５重量部を使用する。グアニジン系防炎剤が５重
量部以下では、難燃化効果が不十分であり、又２５重量
部以上を用いると溶液の安定性を損なう恐れがあり好ま
しくない。また含漫後のゲル化を促進し、乾燥後の耐水
性を向上させるために、ケイ酸アルカリ用反応硬化剤と
して一般に用いられる多価金属イオン、Ｃａ． ｋ１、
Ｚｎ， Ｐｂ， Ｍｇ， Ｂａ． Ｓｒを添加する。特
に有効なのは酸化亜鉛、硫酸亜鉛、リン酸亜鉛、酢酸亜
鉛、塩化亜鉛等の亜鉛塩で、ケイ酸アルカリ １００重
量部に対し０．３〜６重量部使用する。更に硬化促進剤
として硫酸アンモニウム、リン酸アンモニウム、塩化ア
ンモニウム等のアンモニウム塩０．５〜８重量部を添加
する。The agent used in the method of this invention is mainly composed of an alkali silicate and a guanidine flame retardant, and usually 5 to 25 parts by weight of the guanidine flame retardant is used per 100 parts by weight of an alkali silicate. . If the guanidine flame retardant is used in an amount of 5 parts by weight or less, the flame retardant effect will be insufficient, and if it is used in an amount of 25 parts by weight or more, the stability of the solution may be impaired, which is not preferable. In addition, in order to promote gelation after impregnation and improve water resistance after drying, polyvalent metal ions, Ca. k1,
Zn, Pb, Mg, Ba. Add Sr. Particularly effective are zinc salts such as zinc oxide, zinc sulfate, zinc phosphate, zinc acetate, and zinc chloride, which are used in an amount of 0.3 to 6 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the alkali silicate. Further, 0.5 to 8 parts by weight of an ammonium salt such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, or ammonium chloride is added as a curing accelerator.
この発明においては上記薬剤を固形分３０〜４０％の水
溶液として使用する。目的に応じ、他種の防炎剤、界面
活性剤、溶剤等を配合添加することも可能である。更に
他の有機化合物、無機化合物からなる防腐剤、防虫剤、
防蟻剤などを添加することは任意である。In this invention, the above-mentioned drug is used as an aqueous solution with a solid content of 30 to 40%. Depending on the purpose, other types of flame retardants, surfactants, solvents, etc. can also be added. Furthermore, preservatives and insect repellents made of other organic compounds and inorganic compounds,
It is optional to add termiticides and the like.
上記薬剤を木材に含浸させる方法としては特に制限され
ず、通常の常圧含浸法、減圧含浸法、減圧一加圧含浸法
等いずれを採用することもできる。難燃剤水溶液の含浸
量は得られる難燃性をどのように設定するかによって変
化するものであるが、含湯量の最大値は通常の木材の場
合４０〜６０％（対絶乾材）程度であって、通常は熱処
理後の含浸量が２０〜４０％程度で良好な難燃効果を示
す。かくして難燃剤水溶液を含浸した木材をその後水洗
し，乾燥する。乾燥温度は、被含浸体中の水分を蒸発除
去し得る温度であれば特に制限されないが、通常３０〜
１２０℃、好ましくは５０〜８０℃の範囲が望ましい。The method for impregnating wood with the above-mentioned agent is not particularly limited, and any ordinary pressure impregnation method, reduced pressure impregnation method, reduced pressure/pressure impregnation method, etc. can be employed. The amount of impregnated flame retardant aqueous solution varies depending on how the flame retardance is determined, but the maximum water content is about 40 to 60% (absolutely dry wood) for ordinary wood. Generally, a good flame retardant effect is exhibited when the amount of impregnation after heat treatment is about 20 to 40%. The wood thus impregnated with the aqueous flame retardant solution is then washed with water and dried. The drying temperature is not particularly limited as long as the water in the object to be impregnated can be evaporated and removed, but it is usually 30 to 30°C.
The temperature is preferably 120°C, preferably in the range of 50 to 80°C.
乾燥温度が３０℃未満では乾燥に長時間かかり、また１
２０℃を越えると素材の形状変化、すなわち反りやたわ
みを生じる傾向がある。If the drying temperature is less than 30℃, it will take a long time to dry, and
If the temperature exceeds 20°C, the shape of the material tends to change, that is, it tends to warp or bend.
乾燥時間は上記乾燥温度で通常３〜５時間程度である。The drying time is usually about 3 to 5 hours at the above drying temperature.
木材表面の変色を防ぎ、耐水性を付与するために乾燥前
に塩化アンモニウム、リン酸アンモニウム等のアンモニ
ウム塩水溶液で処理したり、乾燥後１００〜１６０℃の
範囲で熱処理を行なうことも可能である。In order to prevent discoloration of the wood surface and impart water resistance, it is also possible to treat it with an aqueous ammonium salt solution such as ammonium chloride or ammonium phosphate before drying, or to perform heat treatment in the range of 100 to 160°C after drying. .
〈実施例〉 次にこの発明を実施例により詳細に説明する。<Example> Next, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to examples.
尚、部数はすべて重量部である。Note that all parts are parts by weight.
実施例１
難燃化薬剤の調製
第１表記載の各成分を配合して本発明に使用する薬剤Ａ
，Ｂ，Ｃを調製した。Example 1 Preparation of flame retardant agent Drug A used in the present invention by blending each component listed in Table 1
, B, and C were prepared.
調製方法を薬剤組成Ａについて具体的に説明すると、ケ
イ酸ナトリウム３号１００部を撹拌しながら、予め水４
０部に硫酸亜鉛１．５部を溶解した溶液を徐々に加える
。はじめ乳白色だが透明となるので、更に撹拌を継続し
ながら、別に水４０部にリン酸第２アンモニウム２．５
部を溶解した溶液を徐々に加える。乳白色から透明にな
るまで撹拌した後、リン酸グアニジン１５部を加え、充
分撹拌して均一溶液とした．
Ｂ，Ｃｔ同様方法で調製するがＣにおけるＡＰ−３は、
リン酸亜鉛水溶液調製時に添加する。To specifically explain the preparation method for pharmaceutical composition A, 100 parts of sodium silicate No. 3 was added in advance to 4 parts of water while stirring.
A solution prepared by dissolving 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate in 0 parts is gradually added. It is milky white at first, but becomes transparent, so while continuing to stir, add 2.5 parts of diammonium phosphate to 40 parts of water.
Gradually add the solution containing 1 part. After stirring until the color changed from milky white to transparent, 15 parts of guanidine phosphate was added and thoroughly stirred to form a homogeneous solution. AP-3 in C is prepared in the same manner as B and Ct.
Add when preparing an aqueous zinc phosphate solution.
第 １ 表
実施例２
木材への薬剤含漫と難燃性試験
予め乾燥した２２０Ｘ ２２０ Ｘ ９ｍｍの木材（ヒ
ノキ、杉）を真空タンクに入れ、４０ − ５０ｍｍＨ
ｇの減圧下で２０分間放置した後、実施例１で調製した
薬剤水溶液Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃ （固形分約３５〜３６％）をそ
れぞれ注入し、上記減圧で６０分放置、次に１５ｋｇ／
ａｍ”に加圧して６０分放置した。次に含漫処理された
木材を取出し、水洗して表面に付着した薬剤を除去した
後、６０−８０℃の乾燥機で４時間、更に４０℃の乾燥
機で２４時間乾燥した。得られた木材について重量増加
率を測定し、ＪＩＳ Ａ １３２１による難燃性試験を
行なったところ第２表の結果を得た。Table 1 Example 2 Chemical impregnation in wood and flame retardancy test Pre-dried 220 x 220 x 9 mm wood (cypress, cedar) was placed in a vacuum tank and heated to 40 - 50 mmH.
After leaving for 20 minutes under a reduced pressure of 15 kg/kg, the aqueous drug solutions A, B, and C (solid content approximately 35-36%) prepared in Example 1 were injected, and left under the above reduced pressure for 60 minutes, then 15 kg/
am” and left for 60 minutes. Next, the impregnated wood was taken out and washed with water to remove the chemical adhering to the surface, and then dried in a dryer at 60-80°C for 4 hours, and then at 40°C for 4 hours. It was dried in a dryer for 24 hours.The weight increase rate of the obtained wood was measured, and a flame retardancy test according to JIS A 1321 was conducted, and the results shown in Table 2 were obtained.
第２表
第２表から明らかなように、この発明による改質木材は
すべて良好な難燃性を示した。また試料の木材を水に浸
漬しても薬剤がほとんど溶出することがなく、難燃性が
安定に維持でき、外壁材などに有効に使用できることが
わかった。As is clear from Table 2, all of the modified woods according to the present invention exhibited good flame retardancy. Furthermore, even when the sample wood was immersed in water, the chemical hardly eluted, and it was found that flame retardancy could be maintained stably, and it could be effectively used for exterior wall materials.
〈発明の効果〉
この発明による難燃化処理を施した木材は、木材特有の
曲げ強度を維持しつつ、耐水性に優れ、安定な難燃性を
有していた。又、さらに硬さ、寸法安定性、防腐性、防
虫性などの特徴をも合わせもっていることが認められた
。<Effects of the Invention> The wood subjected to the flame retardant treatment according to the present invention had excellent water resistance and stable flame retardancy while maintaining the bending strength characteristic of wood. It was also found that it has additional characteristics such as hardness, dimensional stability, antiseptic properties, and insect repellency.
Claims (1)
薬剤にて処理することを特徴とする木材の難燃化処理方
法。A method for flame retardant treatment of wood, characterized by treating it with a chemical whose main ingredients are an alkali silicate and a guanidine flame retardant.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31240889A JPH03169601A (en) | 1989-11-30 | 1989-11-30 | Fire retardant treatment of wood |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31240889A JPH03169601A (en) | 1989-11-30 | 1989-11-30 | Fire retardant treatment of wood |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03169601A true JPH03169601A (en) | 1991-07-23 |
Family
ID=18028875
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31240889A Pending JPH03169601A (en) | 1989-11-30 | 1989-11-30 | Fire retardant treatment of wood |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH03169601A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09150178A (en) * | 1995-11-29 | 1997-06-10 | Asetsuto Enterp:Kk | Chip for treating organic waste and treating method |
| DE10042196A1 (en) * | 2000-08-28 | 2002-03-28 | Wolfgang Dellith | Low-toxicity, environmentally-neutral, long-lasting protectant for wood against insects and fungi has water-soluble alkali silicate as main ingredient |
| CN104227812A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2014-12-24 | 黄圣焱 | Bamboo wood fireproof gelatinizing agent and preparation method thereof |
| WO2018221567A1 (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2018-12-06 | 大八化学工業株式会社 | Flame retardant for woody materials and flame-retardant woody material |
| JP2019006882A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2019-01-17 | 大八化学工業株式会社 | Flame retardant composition and flame-retardant woody material |
-
1989
- 1989-11-30 JP JP31240889A patent/JPH03169601A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09150178A (en) * | 1995-11-29 | 1997-06-10 | Asetsuto Enterp:Kk | Chip for treating organic waste and treating method |
| DE10042196A1 (en) * | 2000-08-28 | 2002-03-28 | Wolfgang Dellith | Low-toxicity, environmentally-neutral, long-lasting protectant for wood against insects and fungi has water-soluble alkali silicate as main ingredient |
| CN104227812A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2014-12-24 | 黄圣焱 | Bamboo wood fireproof gelatinizing agent and preparation method thereof |
| WO2018221567A1 (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2018-12-06 | 大八化学工業株式会社 | Flame retardant for woody materials and flame-retardant woody material |
| KR20200015498A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2020-02-12 | 다이하치 카가쿠 고교 가부시키가이샤 | Flame retardants and flame retardant wood materials for wood materials |
| JPWO2018221567A1 (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2020-04-02 | 大八化学工業株式会社 | Flame retardants for wood materials and flame retardant wood materials |
| US11760936B2 (en) | 2017-06-01 | 2023-09-19 | Daihachi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | Flame retardant for woody materials and flame-retardant woody material |
| JP2019006882A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2019-01-17 | 大八化学工業株式会社 | Flame retardant composition and flame-retardant woody material |
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