JPH03138537A - Spectrophotometer - Google Patents
SpectrophotometerInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03138537A JPH03138537A JP27587789A JP27587789A JPH03138537A JP H03138537 A JPH03138537 A JP H03138537A JP 27587789 A JP27587789 A JP 27587789A JP 27587789 A JP27587789 A JP 27587789A JP H03138537 A JPH03138537 A JP H03138537A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- detector
- spectrometer
- beams
- spectrophotometer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012925 reference material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は分光光度計に係り、特に波長純度を全波長範囲
で一定に保ちながら、かつS/N比の良い測定を可能と
する分光光度計に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a spectrophotometer, and in particular to a spectrophotometer that enables measurement with a good S/N ratio while keeping wavelength purity constant over the entire wavelength range. It is related to the meter.
分光光度計では、出口スリットからの単色をサンプルに
照射し、サンプルを透過した光を検知器によって、検出
している。この際、光源9分光器、検知器等の分光特性
により、サンプルを設置しない状態であっても、検知器
の出力が波長に対して大幅に変動する。検知器として、
光電子増倍管等の感度を電気的に変化させることができ
るものは、その感度を制御し、出力信号が一定になる様
にする事が可能である。しかし、近赤外領域の検知器と
して用いられるPbS等の光導電セルでは、出力信号を
一定にすることが不可能であった。このため、出力信号
を一定にするために、スリットプログラム、スリットサ
ーボなどの方法をとり、分光器から取り出される単色光
の波長純度を変化させる方法が取られている。In a spectrophotometer, a sample is irradiated with a monochrome light from an exit slit, and a detector detects the light that passes through the sample. At this time, due to the spectral characteristics of the light source 9 spectrometer, detector, etc., the output of the detector varies significantly with respect to the wavelength even when no sample is installed. As a detector,
If the sensitivity of a photomultiplier tube can be changed electrically, it is possible to control the sensitivity and make the output signal constant. However, with photoconductive cells such as PbS used as near-infrared detectors, it has been impossible to keep the output signal constant. Therefore, in order to keep the output signal constant, methods such as slit programming and slit servo are used to change the wavelength purity of the monochromatic light extracted from the spectrometer.
近年のディジタル技術の進歩に伴い、検知器がらの出力
信号を、ディジタル量に変換する測光量変換が一般に用
いられている。このような場合、前記検知器のアナログ
出力をディジタル量に変換するアナログ−ディジタル変
換器が用いられるが、アナログ−ディジタル変換を精度
良く行うには、上記検知器のアナログ出力信号を一定に
保つ必要がある。With recent advances in digital technology, photometric quantity conversion, which converts output signals from detectors into digital quantities, is commonly used. In such cases, an analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the analog output of the detector into a digital quantity, but in order to perform analog-to-digital conversion with high precision, it is necessary to keep the analog output signal of the detector constant. There is.
上記従来技術は、PbS等の光源型セルを検知器として
用いる近赤外領域において、S/N比の良い測定を行う
ためには、波長純度が変化するという問題があった。更
に、近赤外領域には例えば水の〇−H基の吸収などがあ
るために、波長純度を変化させることにより、O−I−
I基の吸収スペクトルの形が変化し、出力信号の変化が
一層激しくなり、波長純度の変化が追従しきれなくなり
、S/N比の改善を妨げるという問題もあった。The above-mentioned conventional technology has a problem in that the wavelength purity changes in order to perform measurement with a good S/N ratio in the near-infrared region using a light source type cell such as PbS as a detector. Furthermore, in the near-infrared region, for example, there is absorption of 〇-H groups in water, so by changing the wavelength purity, O-I-
There was also the problem that the shape of the absorption spectrum of the I group changed, the change in the output signal became more severe, and the change in wavelength purity could no longer be followed, impeding improvement in the S/N ratio.
本発明の目的は、測定波長全範囲において波長純度一定
で測定可能な分光光度計を提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a spectrophotometer that can perform measurements with constant wavelength purity over the entire measurement wavelength range.
本発明の他の目的は、従来より一層S/N比を改善した
分光光度計を提供することにある。Another object of the present invention is to provide a spectrophotometer with a further improved S/N ratio than conventional spectrophotometers.
上記目的を達成するために、分光光度計の分光器のスリ
ット以外に、制御可能な可変絞りを設けた分光光度計が
提供される。To achieve the above object, a spectrophotometer is provided which is provided with a controllable variable aperture in addition to the spectrometer slit of the spectrophotometer.
上記目的を達成するために、分光光度計の光源と分光器
の間、分光器の中、分光器と試料室の間、あるいは試料
室と検知器の間のいずれかに、透過光量を連続的に変化
させることが可能なニュートラルデンシティフィルタを
制御可能な様に設けた分光光度計が提供される。To achieve the above objectives, the amount of transmitted light is continuously transmitted either between the light source of the spectrophotometer and the spectrometer, inside the spectrometer, between the spectrometer and the sample chamber, or between the sample chamber and the detector. A spectrophotometer is provided that is controllably provided with a neutral density filter that can be changed to a neutral density filter.
上記目的を達成するために、前記可変絞りあるいは、ニ
ュートラルデンシティフィルタを制御する分光光度計が
提供される。In order to achieve the above object, a spectrophotometer is provided that controls the variable aperture or neutral density filter.
本発明の要点は、分光光度計のスリット以外に3−
光量を変化させる手段を設けると共に、該手段を演算処
理装置により制御することによって、検知器からの出力
信号を波長とは無関係に一定にする。The key point of the present invention is to provide a means for changing the amount of light in addition to the slit of the spectrophotometer, and to control the means by a processing unit to keep the output signal from the detector constant regardless of the wavelength. do.
それによって、全測定波長領域において、分光器から取
り出される単色光の波長純度を一定にすることが出来る
ようになるので、透過率2反射率等が波長純度に依存す
る試料も精度良く測定することができる。更に、測定を
行う基本量である光量を変化させることにより、検知器
の出力信号を一定値に保つので、より一層S/N比の良
い測定を行うことが可能になる。This makes it possible to keep the wavelength purity of the monochromatic light taken out from the spectrometer constant in the entire measurement wavelength range, making it possible to accurately measure samples whose transmittance, reflectance, etc. depend on the wavelength purity. Can be done. Furthermore, by changing the amount of light, which is the basic amount for measurement, the output signal of the detector is kept at a constant value, making it possible to perform measurements with even better S/N ratios.
以下、本発明の一実施例を第1図により説明する。光源
1からの光は分光器2によって分光され単色光が取り出
される。この単色光が可変絞り3によって光量を変化さ
せられる。セクター鏡4゜反射鏡5.5’ 、6,8.
8’ 、9.9’は分光器2からの単色光を二光束に分
割し、参照物7と試料7′とを交互に照射して、検知器
1oに導く。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. Light from a light source 1 is separated by a spectroscope 2 and monochromatic light is extracted. The amount of light of this monochromatic light is changed by the variable aperture 3. Sector mirror 4° reflector 5.5', 6, 8.
8' and 9.9' split the monochromatic light from the spectroscope 2 into two beams, alternately irradiate the reference object 7 and the sample 7', and guide them to the detector 1o.
検知器10により電気信号に変換された参照光量4
Rと試料光量Sは、増幅器11で増幅された後、アナロ
グ−ディジタル変換器12でアナログ−ディジタル変換
されて、それぞれの光量に比例したディジタル量DRと
Dsしてディジタル計算機13に入力される。第1図に
示したいわゆるダブルビーム分光光度計では、DSをD
Rで割り透過率や吸光度を求めるために、DS/DRが
重要であり、DsやDRの絶対値には、測定値は影響を
受けない。そこで、試料光量S、参照光量Rが、アナロ
グ−ディジタル変換器12の最適範囲にはいる様に、デ
ィジタル計算機13でDsあるいはDRの大きさを監視
しながら、可変絞り3の開口部の大きさを変化させる。The reference light amount 4 R and the sample light amount S converted into electrical signals by the detector 10 are amplified by the amplifier 11 and then analog-to-digital converted by the analog-to-digital converter 12 to produce digital amounts proportional to the respective light amounts. DR and Ds are input into the digital computer 13. In the so-called double beam spectrophotometer shown in Figure 1, DS is
DS/DR is important in order to obtain transmittance and absorbance divided by R, and the measured value is not affected by the absolute values of Ds and DR. Therefore, while monitoring the size of Ds or DR with the digital computer 13, the size of the aperture of the variable diaphragm 3 is changed so that the sample light amount S and the reference light amount R are within the optimum range of the analog-digital converter 12. change.
可変絞り3を光源1と分光器2の間、あるいは1反射鏡
9,9′と検知器10の間に設けても本発明は同様に実
施できる。The present invention can be implemented in the same way even if the variable aperture 3 is provided between the light source 1 and the spectroscope 2, or between the single reflecting mirror 9, 9' and the detector 10.
本発明の一実施例によれば、測定(特に波長走査測定)
において、検知器10からの出力信号を可変絞り3の開
口部を変化させて、アナログ−ディジタル変換器の最適
範囲内に制御するので、分光器2.検知器10.増幅器
11の各々の条件を測定中一定に保つことができる。即
ち、従来検知器10の感度を変化させることが不可能な
場合、分光器2のスリツI−幅を変化させていたが、こ
の場合波長純度が変化するという欠点があったが、本発
明によれば、この欠点を防ぐことが可能である。更に、
感度を変化させることの可能な光電子増倍管の様な検知
器であっても、検知器のもつ非直線性等の影響を受けな
い最適条件で測定を行うことが可能になり、従来より一
層S/N比の良い測定を行うことが可能になる。According to an embodiment of the invention, measurements (especially wavelength scanning measurements)
In the spectrometer 2., the output signal from the detector 10 is controlled within the optimum range of the analog-to-digital converter by changing the aperture of the variable aperture 3. Detector 10. The conditions of each amplifier 11 can be kept constant during the measurement. That is, conventionally, when it was impossible to change the sensitivity of the detector 10, the width of the slit I of the spectrometer 2 was changed, but this had the disadvantage that the wavelength purity changed. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent this drawback. Furthermore,
Even with a detector such as a photomultiplier tube whose sensitivity can be changed, it is now possible to perform measurements under optimal conditions that are not affected by the nonlinearity of the detector, making it even more effective than before. It becomes possible to perform measurements with a good S/N ratio.
第2図に本発明の他の実施例を示す。第1図と同一符号
は同一部分を示し、説明も省略する。分光器2から出た
単色光は、透過光を連続的に変化させることが出来るニ
ュートラルデンシティフィルタ14により、検知器10
に入射する光量を増減させる。FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the invention. The same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 indicate the same parts, and description thereof will be omitted. The monochromatic light emitted from the spectrometer 2 is passed through a neutral density filter 14 that can continuously change the transmitted light to the detector 10.
Increase or decrease the amount of light incident on the.
本発明の他の実施例によれば、測定(特に波長走査測定
)において、検知器10からの出力信号をニュートラル
デンシティフィルタ」4の透過率を変化させて、アナロ
グ−ディジタル変換器の最適範囲内に制御するので、分
光器2.検知器10゜増幅器1]の各々の条件を測定中
一定に保つことができる。即ち、波長純度一定で全測定
範囲の測定をS/N比が良い状態で行う事が可能である
。According to another embodiment of the invention, in measurements (particularly wavelength scanning measurements), the output signal from the detector 10 is filtered by varying the transmission of the neutral density filter 4 to within the optimal range of the analog-to-digital converter. Spectrometer 2. The conditions of each of the detector 10[deg.] amplifier 1] can be kept constant during the measurement. That is, it is possible to perform measurements over the entire measurement range with a constant wavelength purity and a good S/N ratio.
本発明は、以−ヒ説明したように構成されているので、
以下に記載されるような効果を奏する。Since the present invention is configured as explained below,
This produces the effects described below.
分光光度計の各条件を一定に保ったまま、精度の良いア
ナログ−ディジタル変換を行うことができるので、従来
より一層S/N比の良い測定を行うことができる。さら
に、波長純度を一定にした測定ができる。また分光光度
計の各条件を、検知器などの直線性を最も延ばすように
設定して、測定を行うことにより、従来よりさらに測定
精度を向上させることができる。Since analog-to-digital conversion can be performed with high precision while keeping each condition of the spectrophotometer constant, measurements with a better S/N ratio than before can be performed. Furthermore, measurements can be performed with constant wavelength purity. Further, by performing measurements while setting each condition of the spectrophotometer so as to maximize the linearity of the detector, it is possible to further improve measurement accuracy than in the past.
第1図は本発明の一実施例の機能系統図、第2図は本発
明の他の実施例の機能系統図である。
1・・光源、2 分光器、3 可変絞り、4・・・セク
ター鏡、10・・・検知器、11・・・増幅器、12・
・・アナログ
ディジタル変換器、
13・・ディジタル計
叛
甥、′
フ
一FIG. 1 is a functional system diagram of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a functional system diagram of another embodiment of the present invention. 1...Light source, 2. Spectrometer, 3. Variable aperture, 4.. Sector mirror, 10.. Detector, 11.. Amplifier, 12.
...Analog-digital converter, 13...Digital instrumentation nephew, 'F1
Claims (1)
器と、上記分光器からの光を検知する検知器と、上記検
知器の出力信号の演算処理及び上記光源、分光器、検知
器を制御する演算装置を備えた分光光度計において、上
記分光器のスリット以外に、制御可能な可変絞りを設け
たことを特徴とする分光光度計。 2、特許請求の範囲第1項において、可変絞りの代りに
、透過光量を連続的に変化させることができるニユトラ
ルデンシテイフイルタを、制御可能な様に設けたことを
特徴とする分光光度計。 3、特許請求の範囲第1項または第2項において、可変
絞りまたはニユートランデンシテイフイルタを、波長走
査測定を行う際に、上記検知器からの出力信号が一定に
なるように制御することを特徴とする分光光度計。[Claims] 1. A light source, a spectrometer that monochromates white light emitted by the light source, a detector that detects the light from the spectrometer, arithmetic processing of the output signal of the detector, and the light source. , a spectrophotometer equipped with an arithmetic unit for controlling a spectrometer and a detector, characterized in that a controllable variable aperture is provided in addition to the slit of the spectrometer. 2. A spectrophotometer according to claim 1, characterized in that, in place of the variable aperture, a neutral density filter that can continuously change the amount of transmitted light is provided in a controllable manner. . 3. Claim 1 or 2 provides that the variable diaphragm or the new random density filter is controlled so that the output signal from the detector becomes constant when performing wavelength scanning measurement. Features of spectrophotometer.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP27587789A JPH03138537A (en) | 1989-10-25 | 1989-10-25 | Spectrophotometer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP27587789A JPH03138537A (en) | 1989-10-25 | 1989-10-25 | Spectrophotometer |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH03138537A true JPH03138537A (en) | 1991-06-12 |
Family
ID=17561679
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP27587789A Pending JPH03138537A (en) | 1989-10-25 | 1989-10-25 | Spectrophotometer |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH03138537A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6201606B1 (en) | 1995-11-08 | 2001-03-13 | Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for processing spectrum in spectral measurement |
US6381489B1 (en) | 1995-10-31 | 2002-04-30 | Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Co., Ltd. | Measuring condition setting jig, measuring condition setting method and biological information measuring instrument |
US6404492B1 (en) | 1995-10-31 | 2002-06-11 | Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Co., Ltd. | Light source apparatus and measurement method |
-
1989
- 1989-10-25 JP JP27587789A patent/JPH03138537A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6381489B1 (en) | 1995-10-31 | 2002-04-30 | Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Co., Ltd. | Measuring condition setting jig, measuring condition setting method and biological information measuring instrument |
US6404492B1 (en) | 1995-10-31 | 2002-06-11 | Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Co., Ltd. | Light source apparatus and measurement method |
US6201606B1 (en) | 1995-11-08 | 2001-03-13 | Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for processing spectrum in spectral measurement |
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