JPH03120766A - Formation of low magnetic field space using superconductor - Google Patents
Formation of low magnetic field space using superconductorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03120766A JPH03120766A JP1258076A JP25807689A JPH03120766A JP H03120766 A JPH03120766 A JP H03120766A JP 1258076 A JP1258076 A JP 1258076A JP 25807689 A JP25807689 A JP 25807689A JP H03120766 A JPH03120766 A JP H03120766A
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- superconductor
- magnetic field
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- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001739 density measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Superconductor Devices And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は超電導体でシールドされた低磁場空間の形成方
法に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a method for forming a low magnetic field space shielded with a superconductor.
（従来の技術）
低磁場空間は各種分野で必要とされており、例えば科学
技術の分野でのＮＭＲ（核磁気共鳴）の測定や、磁場と
物質との相互作用を測定する場合等には欠かすことので
きないものである。(Conventional technology) Low magnetic field space is required in various fields, such as NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) measurements in the field of science and technology, and indispensable for measuring the interaction between magnetic fields and materials. It is impossible.
低磁場空間を得るためには地球磁場等の周囲に存在する
磁場（外部磁場）の影響を防上する必要がある。そこで
従来は所定空間の周囲に超電導体を配置して同空間を磁
気シールドしている。In order to obtain a low magnetic field space, it is necessary to prevent the influence of magnetic fields (external magnetic fields) existing around the earth's magnetic field. Conventionally, superconductors are placed around a predetermined space to magnetically shield the space.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
超電導体で囲まれた空間を磁気シールドするには、冷却
により超電導体な常電導から超電導に転移させるが、こ
の場合、超電導体の内側空間内に４７在していた地球磁
場などの外部磁場が、同空間内にトラップされるので、
低磁場を実現することは困難であった。(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) In order to magnetically shield a space surrounded by a superconductor, the normal conductivity of the superconductor is transferred to superconductivity by cooling, but in this case, 47 External magnetic fields, such as the earth's magnetic field, that were previously trapped in the earth's magnetic field are trapped within the same space, so
Achieving low magnetic fields has been difficult.
（発明の目的）
本発明の目的は上記のトラップされた磁場を減少させて
、低磁場空間を形成する方法を実現することにある。(Objective of the Invention) An object of the present invention is to realize a method of reducing the above-mentioned trapped magnetic field and forming a low magnetic field space.
（問題点を解決するための手段）
本発明の超電導体を用いた低磁場空間の形成方法は第１
図、第２図のように、内部超電導体ｌの外周に外側空間
２を隔てて設けられた外部超電導体３の外周に、地球磁
場等の外部磁場以上の磁場を印加して、前記外側空間２
及び前記内部超電導体ｌの内側空間４に存在する磁束を
外部にフラックスフローとして流出させて、前記外側空
間２及び内側空間４にトラップされた磁界を減少させた
後、内部超電導体１を冷却して同超電導体１を超電導に
転移させるものである。(Means for solving the problems) The method for forming a low magnetic field space using a superconductor of the present invention is described in the first method.
As shown in FIG. 2, a magnetic field greater than the external magnetic field such as the earth's magnetic field is applied to the outer periphery of the outer superconductor 3 provided on the outer periphery of the inner superconductor l with an outer space 2 in between. 2
The magnetic flux existing in the inner space 4 of the inner superconductor 1 is discharged to the outside as a flux flow to reduce the magnetic field trapped in the outer space 2 and the inner space 4, and then the inner superconductor 1 is cooled. This transforms the superconductor 1 into superconductivity.
第１図、第２図は本発明の低磁場形成方法の実施例であ
る。FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are examples of the low magnetic field forming method of the present invention.
第１図において３は筒状の外部超電導体であり、この長
さは通常は断面差し渡しの２倍から２０倍程度であるが
、本発明では必要とする低磁場空間の広さや磁場の均一
性によって適宜選定できる。In Fig. 1, 3 is a cylindrical external superconductor, and its length is usually about 2 to 20 times the length across the cross section, but in the present invention, the width of the low magnetic field space and the uniformity of the magnetic field are required. It can be selected as appropriate.
ｌは外部超電導体３の内部に設けられた筒状の内部超電
導体であり、その長さは外部超電導体３とほぼ同じかや
や短い長さにしである。1 is a cylindrical inner superconductor provided inside the outer superconductor 3, and its length is approximately the same as or slightly shorter than the outer superconductor 3.
２は内部超電導体ｌと外部超電導体３との間の外側空間
、４は内部超電導体ｌ内の内側の内側空間である。2 is an outer space between the inner superconductor l and the outer superconductor 3, and 4 is an inner space inside the inner superconductor l.
５は外部超電導体３の外周に巻かれているソレノイドコ
イルであり、このコイルに電流を流すことにより外部電
導体３の外部に磁場が発生するようにしである。Reference numeral 5 denotes a solenoid coil wound around the outer periphery of the external superconductor 3, and a magnetic field is generated outside the external superconductor 3 by passing a current through this coil.
（作用）
第１図における外部超電導体３を超電導転移温度以下に
冷却して超電導とし、内部超電導体１を超電導転移温度
以上に保持して常電導体にしておくと、外部超電導体３
が冷却されて超電導になる時に存在する外部磁場により
、ＥＢ束Φ。が画題電導体１．３の内側の外側空間２及
び内側空間４内にトラップされる。この時の磁束密度Ｂ
ｉは、同空間２．４の断面積をＳ。とすると、
Ｂ、＝Φｏ／Ｓｏ・・・・・ （１）
で与えられる。(Function) When the outer superconductor 3 in FIG. 1 is cooled to below the superconducting transition temperature to become superconducting, and the inner superconductor 1 is kept above the superconducting transition temperature to become a normal conductor, the outer superconductor 3
Due to the external magnetic field present when the is cooled and becomes superconducting, the EB flux Φ. is trapped in the outer space 2 and the inner space 4 inside the image conductor 1.3. At this time, magnetic flux density B
i is the cross-sectional area of the same space 2.4. Then, B, = Φo/So... (1) It is given by.
次に、第１図の外部超電導体３の外部のソレノイドコイ
ル５に電流を流すと、同コイル５の外部に磁場が発生す
る。この磁場の磁束密度をＢｅとし、このときの外部超
電導体３の内側の外側空間２の磁束密度をＢｃ、とする
と、同空間２内と外部超電導体３の外部の磁束密度の差
（Ｂ、＝ＢｅＢｅ１）により、外側空間２内の磁束が外
部にフラックスフローとして移動する。この移動量は第
３図に示すようになり、磁束密度の差Ｂ、、と時間ｔと
の間に次の関係がある。Next, when a current is passed through the solenoid coil 5 outside the external superconductor 3 shown in FIG. 1, a magnetic field is generated outside the coil 5. If the magnetic flux density of this magnetic field is Be, and the magnetic flux density of the outer space 2 inside the outer superconductor 3 at this time is Bc, then the difference in the magnetic flux density inside the same space 2 and outside the outer superconductor 3 (B, =BeBe1), the magnetic flux within the outer space 2 moves to the outside as a flux flow. The amount of movement is as shown in FIG. 3, and the relationship between the magnetic flux density difference B, . . . and time t is as follows.
Ｂ ａ ＝Ｂｏｆｌ ａＸｊ２ｏｇ （ｔ ＋ ｔ
ｏ）・ ・ ・ ・ （２）
ここでＢ。、ａは定数で１
．９ｏｇｔｏ＝ （ｉ −Ｂ、／Ｂｎｌ／ ａ・ ・
・ ・ （３）
Ｂ、はし＝０のときの磁束密度の差Ｂ。の値である。B a = Bofl aXj2og (t + t
o)・ ・ ・ ・ (2) Here B. , a is a constant 1. 9ogto= (i −B, /Bnl/ a・・
・ ・ (3) B is the difference in magnetic flux density when B = 0. is the value of
従って、
Ｂ＋＝Ｂａ＋Ｂｅ
＝Ｂ 、、＋Ｂａ（ｌ ａＸＪ２ｏｇ （ｔ＋ ｔｏ
ｌ）・ ・ ・ （４）
の式に従って内部磁場が変化する。Therefore, B+=Ba+Be =B ,,+Ba(l aXJ2og (t+ to
l)・・・・The internal magnetic field changes according to the formula (4).
ここでＢｅとｔを適宜選ぶことにより外側空間２内の内
部磁場Ｂ１を０にすることができる。By appropriately selecting Be and t, the internal magnetic field B1 in the outer space 2 can be made zero.
Ｂｅの大きさは超電導体のフラックスクリープが実用的
時間内、即ち数時間の間に内部磁場が変化する程度の値
とすることが望ましい。一方、地球磁場など外部磁場に
よるフラックスクリープの大きさは、内部磁場が十分長
時間係てる程度十分小さい必要がある。It is desirable that the magnitude of Be is such that flux creep of the superconductor changes within a practical time, ie, within several hours, the internal magnetic field changes. On the other hand, the magnitude of flux creep caused by an external magnetic field such as the earth's magnetic field needs to be sufficiently small that the internal magnetic field remains for a sufficiently long period of time.
従って、超電導体の形状は外部磁場では十分フラックス
クリープが小さくなるように設計される１、そのために
は通常は、外部磁場の１．２倍以−トの磁場をかけると
、実用時間内でフラックスクリープが起きる程度にする
６ １２倍以下の磁場では外部磁場の磁束が徐々に外部
超電導体３の内側に侵入して長時間磁場を保つことがで
きない。Therefore, the shape of a superconductor is designed in such a way that the flux creep is sufficiently small in an external magnetic field1.For this purpose, it is usually necessary to apply a magnetic field of 1.2 times or more than the external magnetic field to reduce the flux creep within a practical time. If the magnetic field is set to an extent that causes creep, the magnetic flux of the external magnetic field will gradually penetrate into the inside of the external superconductor 3 and the magnetic field cannot be maintained for a long time if the magnetic field is 6.12 times or less.
外部超電導体３内の外側空間２内の内部磁場はこのよう
にしてほぼ０とすることができるが、内側空間４を細か
く見ると、そこには内部超電導体ｌ内にトラップされて
いる磁場が存在するため、磁場測定点ではＯであっても
それより離れた箇所では僅かの磁場が存在し、より広い
空間範囲にわたって０とすることができない。The internal magnetic field in the outer space 2 inside the outer superconductor 3 can be made almost zero in this way, but if we look closely at the inner space 4, we can see that there is a magnetic field trapped inside the inner superconductor l. Therefore, even if the magnetic field is O at the magnetic field measurement point, a slight magnetic field exists at locations further away, and it cannot be set to zero over a wider spatial range.
この時点で内部超電導体ｌを冷却して超電導に転移させ
ると、同超電導体ｌの周囲には非常に微弱な磁場しか存
在しないため、その大きさは内部超電導体１の第一臨界
磁場Ｈｃｌ以下であり、同超電導体１内にトラップされ
る磁場はなく、また、この内部超電導体１で遮断される
内部空間４内にトラップされる磁場は、内部超電導体１
が超電導転移する以前に同内部空間４に存在していた磁
場の積分値、即ち、全磁束量となる。At this point, if the inner superconductor l is cooled and transformed into superconductor, only a very weak magnetic field exists around the superconductor l, so its magnitude is less than the first critical magnetic field Hcl of the inner superconductor 1. There is no magnetic field trapped within the superconductor 1, and the magnetic field trapped within the internal space 4 blocked by the internal superconductor 1 is
This is the integral value of the magnetic field that existed in the internal space 4 before the superconducting transition occurred, that is, the total amount of magnetic flux.
そこで外部超電導体３内の磁場を０にするｍＩ記操作時
に、磁場測定点をこの内部磁場の平均を示すような点に
設定しておくか、複数の測定点を設けて各測定点の平均
値が０となるように制御すれば、内部超電導体ｌを超電
導転移させることにより内側空間４内の全磁束量をＯと
することができる。Therefore, when the magnetic field inside the external superconductor 3 is set to 0, the magnetic field measurement point should be set at a point that indicates the average of this internal magnetic field, or multiple measurement points should be set and the average of each measurement point should be set. If the value is controlled to be 0, the total amount of magnetic flux in the inner space 4 can be set to O by causing the inner superconductor l to undergo superconducting transition.
しかも、内部超電導体１が超電導転移した時点では同超
電導体１内には磁束がトラップされておらず、内側空間
４にも前記のように磁束がトラップされないので、その
内側空間４の磁界を広い範囲にわたって０とすることが
できる。Moreover, at the time when the internal superconductor 1 undergoes a superconducting transition, no magnetic flux is trapped within the superconductor 1, and no magnetic flux is trapped in the inner space 4 as described above, so the magnetic field of the inner space 4 is widened. Can be zero over a range.
（実施例）
第１図に示す断面円筒形で且つ円形断面部分の内径３０
ｃｍ、肉厚４ｍｍ、長さ１．５ｍの外部超電導体３の内
・外画面に熱絶縁層を設け、同超電導体３を液体窒素に
より冷却した。同超電導体３の周囲に設けられたソレノ
イドコイル５に電源７から電流を流して、円筒状の外部
超電導体３の周囲に磁場を発生させた。(Example) The inner diameter of the cylindrical cross section shown in Fig. 1 and the circular cross section is 30 mm.
A heat insulating layer was provided on the inner and outer surfaces of an external superconductor 3 with a thickness of 4 mm and a length of 1.5 m, and the superconductor 3 was cooled with liquid nitrogen. A current was applied from a power source 7 to a solenoid coil 5 provided around the superconductor 3 to generate a magnetic field around the cylindrical external superconductor 3.
また、同外部超電導体の内部に第１図に示す断面円筒形
で且つ円形断面部分の内径２０ｃｍ、肉厚４ｍｍ、長さ
１．５ｍの円筒状の内部超電導体Ｉの内・外画面に熱絶
縁層を設けた。この内部超電導体１は液体窒素により冷
却可能としであるが、外部超電導体が冷却されている前
記時点では冷却せず常電導体とした。In addition, inside the same external superconductor, heat was applied to the inner and outer screens of the cylindrical inner superconductor I, which had a cylindrical cross section as shown in Figure 1, and had an inner diameter of 20 cm, a wall thickness of 4 mm, and a length of 1.5 m at the circular cross section. An insulating layer was provided. Although this internal superconductor 1 can be cooled with liquid nitrogen, it is not cooled at the time when the external superconductor is being cooled and is made into a normal conductor.
この状態で第１図のように、内部超電導体ｌの内側空間
４の長さ方向中央部に設けである磁束密度測定センサー
６により、同箇所の初期の磁束密度を測定したところ磁
束密度は０゜４ガウスであった。In this state, as shown in FIG. 1, the initial magnetic flux density at the same location was measured by the magnetic flux density measurement sensor 6 installed at the longitudinal center of the inner space 4 of the internal superconductor l, and the magnetic flux density was 0. It was 4 Gauss.
この状態でソレノイドコイル５に電源７がら電流をＩＯ
Ａ、５分間流し、前記センサー６により前回と同じ箇所
の磁束密度を測定したところ２．０Ｘ１０−２ガウスま
で減少した。In this state, current is applied to the solenoid coil 5 from the power supply 7.
A. After running for 5 minutes, the magnetic flux density was measured at the same location as the previous time using the sensor 6, and it decreased to 2.0×10 −2 Gauss.
次に、電流を７Ａ、５分間流したところ磁束密度は−３
゜０ＸＩＯ−３ガウスとなった。ここで同コイル５に逆
方向に電流を６Ａ、３分間流したところ、同じ箇所の磁
束密度は１．０ｘｌＯ−３ガウスとなった。Next, when a current of 7A was applied for 5 minutes, the magnetic flux density was -3
It became ゜0XIO-3 Gauss. When a current of 6 A was applied in the opposite direction to the same coil 5 for 3 minutes, the magnetic flux density at the same location became 1.0xlO-3 Gauss.
このように、電流を流す方向と電流値及び電流を流す時
間を調整しつつ磁場を減少させていったところ、磁束密
度を４．Ｏｘ１．Ｏ−’ガウスまで減少させることがで
きた。In this way, by reducing the magnetic field while adjusting the direction of current flow, current value, and time of current flow, the magnetic flux density was reduced to 4. Ox1. It was possible to reduce it to O-' Gauss.
この状態で前記センサー６の位置を５ｃｍだけ内部超電
導体１の内壁面に近づけたところ、磁束密度は７Ｘ１０
−’ガウスとなり、反対方向の内壁面に近づけたところ
磁束密度は一８ＸＩＯ”ガウスとなった。In this state, when the sensor 6 was moved 5 cm closer to the inner wall surface of the internal superconductor 1, the magnetic flux density was 7×10
-' Gauss, and when brought close to the inner wall surface in the opposite direction, the magnetic flux density became -8XIO'' Gauss.
この状態で内部超電導体１を冷却して超電導に転移させ
たところ、前記３点の磁場はいずれも］、５Ｘ１０−’
ガウスとなり、広い空間にわたり低磁場が形成されてい
ることが判明した。When the internal superconductor 1 was cooled in this state to transition to superconductivity, the magnetic fields at the three points were:], 5X10-'
Gaussian, and it was found that a low magnetic field was formed over a wide space.
（発明の効果）
本発明の低磁場形成方法によれば内部超電導体ｌ及び外
部超電導体３により二重に磁気シールドされるので、比
較的容易に、しかも低コストで低磁場空間を実現でき、
この空間において微小な磁気現象を観測することができ
るので、科学技術上及び医療−ト極めて有用な用途が多
（、工業的価値も大である。(Effects of the Invention) According to the low magnetic field forming method of the present invention, double magnetic shielding is achieved by the inner superconductor 1 and the outer superconductor 3, so a low magnetic field space can be realized relatively easily and at low cost.
Since minute magnetic phenomena can be observed in this space, it has many extremely useful scientific, technological and medical uses (and has great industrial value as well).
第１図は本発明の低磁場形成方法を実施化する装置の正
面図、第２図は同装置における磁場形成ｌｊ法の説明図
、第３図は円筒状超電導内から外部にフラックスフロー
として移動する磁束の説明図である。
１は内部超電導体
２は外側空間
３は外部超電導体
４は内側空間Figure 1 is a front view of an apparatus that implements the low magnetic field generation method of the present invention, Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram of the magnetic field generation lj method in the same apparatus, and Figure 3 is a flux flow from inside the cylindrical superconductor to the outside. It is an explanatory view of magnetic flux. 1 is an inner superconductor 2 is an outer space 3 is an outer superconductor 4 is an inner space
Claims (1)
た外部超電導体３の外周に、地球磁場等の外部磁場以上
の磁場を印加して、前記外側空間２及び前記内部超電導
体１の内側空間４に存在する磁束を外部超電導体３の外
部にフラックスフローとして流出させて、前記外側空間
２及び内側空間４にトラップされた磁界を減少させた後
、内部超電導体１を冷却して同超電導体１を超電導に転
移することを特徴とする超電導体を用いた低磁場空間の
形成方法。A magnetic field greater than an external magnetic field such as the earth's magnetic field is applied to the outer periphery of the outer superconductor 3 provided on the outer periphery of the inner superconductor 1 with an outer space 2 in between, and the inner side of the outer space 2 and the inner superconductor 1 is After the magnetic flux existing in the space 4 flows out of the outer superconductor 3 as a flux flow to reduce the magnetic fields trapped in the outer space 2 and the inner space 4, the inner superconductor 1 is cooled and the superconductor 3 is cooled. A method for forming a low magnetic field space using a superconductor, characterized in that a body 1 is transformed into a superconductor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1258076A JPH03120766A (en) | 1989-10-03 | 1989-10-03 | Formation of low magnetic field space using superconductor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1258076A JPH03120766A (en) | 1989-10-03 | 1989-10-03 | Formation of low magnetic field space using superconductor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03120766A true JPH03120766A (en) | 1991-05-22 |
Family
ID=17315191
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1258076A Pending JPH03120766A (en) | 1989-10-03 | 1989-10-03 | Formation of low magnetic field space using superconductor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH03120766A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008038413A (en) * | 2006-08-03 | 2008-02-21 | Opnus:Kk | Door guard |
-
1989
- 1989-10-03 JP JP1258076A patent/JPH03120766A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008038413A (en) * | 2006-08-03 | 2008-02-21 | Opnus:Kk | Door guard |
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