JPH0311560A - Phospholic acid type fuel battery - Google Patents
Phospholic acid type fuel batteryInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0311560A JPH0311560A JP1144648A JP14464889A JPH0311560A JP H0311560 A JPH0311560 A JP H0311560A JP 1144648 A JP1144648 A JP 1144648A JP 14464889 A JP14464889 A JP 14464889A JP H0311560 A JPH0311560 A JP H0311560A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- phosphoric acid
- sensor
- gas passage
- reaction gas
- window
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- MMNSHNBVSJFTNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-phosphole-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CP1 MMNSHNBVSJFTNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、りん酸電解液の漏洩を検出するセンサを備え
るりん酸型燃料電池の構成に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to the configuration of a phosphoric acid fuel cell that includes a sensor for detecting leakage of a phosphoric acid electrolyte.
りん酸型燃料電池は、一般にりん酸電解質を含浸するマ
トリックスと、このマトリックスを挟持する多孔質の一
対の電極と、各電極を保持し、電極にそれぞれ反応ガス
を供給する溝状の反応ガスし、前記と同様な溝状の反応
ガス通路を備えるガス不透過性のセパレータ板とからな
る単電池を複数積層した電池積層体を備えて構成される
。A phosphoric acid fuel cell generally consists of a matrix impregnated with a phosphoric acid electrolyte, a pair of porous electrodes that sandwich this matrix, and a groove-shaped reactive gas groove that holds each electrode and supplies reactive gas to each electrode. , and a gas-impermeable separator plate having groove-like reaction gas passages similar to those described above.
このような燃料電池において電池積層体への反応ガスの
供給による運転を停止した後は燃料電池を保温したり、
反応ガス系を窒素などの不活性ガスにより置換して保管
し、再運転の際に支障がないようにしている。In such a fuel cell, after stopping operation by supplying reactive gas to the cell stack, it is necessary to keep the fuel cell warm,
The reactant gas system is replaced with an inert gas such as nitrogen and stored to avoid any problems when restarting.
りん酸を電解質とする燃料電池はりん酸が吸湿性を有す
るため、保管時に保温したり、あるいは反応ガス系を不
活性ガス （窒素など）で置換することが出来ない場合
は、周囲の温度変化によって外気が反応ガス系に流入し
電池内のりん酸が吸湿する可能性がある。このような保
管が長期間におよんだり、あるいは周囲の湿度が高い場
合には吸湿によるりん酸の体積膨張が甚だしいため、局
部的に電極基材やセパレータ板の反応ガス通路を閉塞す
る電池が生じる可能性がある。従って、反応ガス通路の
閉塞を検知できずに通常の起動操作を行うと一部の電池
には反応ガスが電極内部に供給されない状態で運転され
るため、その電池はガス供給不足、部分的に過負荷とな
るなど電池を損傷するなどの欠点があった。In fuel cells that use phosphoric acid as an electrolyte, phosphoric acid is hygroscopic, so if it is not possible to keep it warm during storage or replace the reaction gas system with an inert gas (nitrogen, etc.), it is necessary to avoid changes in ambient temperature. This may cause outside air to flow into the reaction gas system and cause the phosphoric acid inside the battery to absorb moisture. If such storage is continued for a long period of time or if the surrounding humidity is high, the volume expansion of phosphoric acid due to moisture absorption is significant, resulting in batteries that locally block the reaction gas passages in the electrode base material and separator plate. there is a possibility. Therefore, if a normal start-up operation is performed without detecting blockage of the reactant gas passage, some batteries will operate without reactant gas being supplied inside the electrodes, resulting in insufficient gas supply or partial There were drawbacks such as overloading and damaging the battery.
本発明の目的は、吸湿等により反応ガス通路に漏洩する
りん酸を検出することのできるりん酸型燃料電池を提供
することである。An object of the present invention is to provide a phosphoric acid fuel cell that can detect phosphoric acid leaking into a reaction gas passage due to moisture absorption or the like.
上記課題を解決するために、本発明によれば、りん酸電
解質を保有し、一対の電極に反応ガスを接触せずに配さ
れる一対の白金線の電極からなるセンサを挿入して設置
し、このセンサが反応ガス通路に漏出するりん酸により
導通することによりりん酸の漏洩を検知するものとする
。In order to solve the above problems, according to the present invention, a sensor is installed by inserting a pair of platinum wire electrodes that contain a phosphoric acid electrolyte and are arranged without contacting the reactive gas with the pair of electrodes. , this sensor detects leakage of phosphoric acid by being electrically connected by phosphoric acid leaking into the reaction gas passage.
電池内の反応ガス通路に互に接触せずに配される白金線
からなる一対の電極を挿入したことにより、電池内のり
ん酸が吸湿し、反応ガス通路を閉塞するほどに体積膨張
した場合、電極である白金線にりん酸ガ付着した白金線
間が電気的に導通ずる。したがって白金線間の電気的に
導通を調べることにより、りん酸の漏洩を検出して反応
ガス通路内の閉塞を検知する。When a pair of electrodes made of platinum wires arranged without contacting each other are inserted into the reaction gas passage in the battery, the phosphoric acid inside the battery absorbs moisture and expands in volume to the extent that it blocks the reaction gas passage. , there is electrical conduction between the platinum wires, which are electrodes, and which have phosphoric acid gas attached to them. Therefore, by checking electrical continuity between the platinum wires, leakage of phosphoric acid is detected and blockage in the reaction gas passage is detected.
以下図面に基づいて本発明の実施例について説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.
第１図は本発明の実施例による一対の電極からなるセン
サを備えるりん酸型燃料電池の電池積層体の分解斜視図
である。図において単電池１はりん酸電解質を含浸する
マトリックス２と、これを挟持する電極触媒層３と、こ
れを保持し、溝状の反応ガス通路４を備えるガス透過性
の電極基材５とからなる燃料電極６と、同様な構成の酸
化剤電極７とから構成されている。なお８はマトリック
ス２への補給用りん酸を貯留し、またその通路となる親
水部である。電池積層体は上記の単電池１をガス不透過
性のセパレータ板９を介して複数積層されて構成される
。FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a cell stack of a phosphoric acid fuel cell equipped with a sensor consisting of a pair of electrodes according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, a cell 1 consists of a matrix 2 impregnated with a phosphoric acid electrolyte, an electrode catalyst layer 3 sandwiching the matrix 2, and a gas permeable electrode base material 5 holding the matrix 2 and having a groove-shaped reaction gas passage 4. The fuel electrode 6 has a similar structure, and the oxidizer electrode 7 has a similar structure. Note that 8 is a hydrophilic portion that stores phosphoric acid for replenishment to the matrix 2 and serves as a passage for the phosphoric acid. The battery stack is constructed by stacking a plurality of the above-described unit cells 1 with gas-impermeable separator plates 9 interposed therebetween.
１０は白金線からなる一対の電極からなるセンサであり
、反応ガス通路４に挿入されている。センサ１０は第２
図および第３図（第２図のＡ−Ａ断面）に示すように２
本の耐りん酸性、耐熱性を有するテフロン製絶縁チュー
ブ１１の内部に白金線Ｊ２が内蔵され、まとめ具１３に
より束ねられている。そしてセンサ１０の一方の端部に
絶縁チューブ１１の対向する一部が除去されて窓１４を
形成し、この窓１４により白金線１２の一部が露出して
いる。センサ１０を反応ガス通路４に挿入するときは、
センサ１０の窓１４が電極基材５の親木部８付近に配置
されるのが好ましい。A sensor 10 includes a pair of electrodes made of platinum wire, and is inserted into the reaction gas passage 4. The sensor 10 is the second
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 3 (A-A cross section in Figure 2), 2
Platinum wires J2 are housed inside a Teflon insulating tube 11 that is resistant to phosphoric acid and heat, and are bound together by a binding tool 13. Then, at one end of the sensor 10, an opposing portion of the insulating tube 11 is removed to form a window 14, through which a portion of the platinum wire 12 is exposed. When inserting the sensor 10 into the reaction gas passage 4,
It is preferable that the window 14 of the sensor 10 is arranged near the parent tree part 8 of the electrode base material 5.
このような構造により燃料電池の保管時、りん酸が吸湿
により体積膨張し、第３図に示すようにりん酸１６が反
応ガス通路４に漏出してセンサ１０の窓１４を覆うよう
になればセンサ１０の二本の電極１２は導通する。した
がってこの導通を図示しない検知手段により検知すれば
反応ガス通路４のりん酸による閉塞の有無を確認するこ
とができ、運転開始前に除湿操作の必要性の有無が検知
できる。Due to this structure, when the fuel cell is stored, phosphoric acid expands in volume due to moisture absorption, and as shown in FIG. The two electrodes 12 of the sensor 10 are electrically connected. Therefore, if this continuity is detected by a detection means (not shown), it is possible to confirm whether or not the reaction gas passage 4 is blocked by phosphoric acid, and whether or not a dehumidification operation is necessary can be detected before the start of operation.
なお、本実施例では電極基材を有する単電池の反応ガス
通路にセンサを設けているが、セパレータ板を有する単
電池の反応ガス通路にセンサを設けても同じ効果が得ら
れる。In this example, a sensor is provided in the reaction gas passage of a unit cell having an electrode base material, but the same effect can be obtained even if a sensor is provided in a reaction gas passage of a unit cell having a separator plate.
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明によればりん酸
型燃料電池の電池積層体の単電池内の反応ガス通路に挿
入してりん酸の漏洩を検知するセンサを設けたことによ
り、りん酸の吸湿による体積膨張により反応ガス通路に
漏出するりん酸を検知できるので、反応ガス通路のりん
酸による閉塞の有無を確認でき、これにより除湿操作の
必要性の有無を起動前に検知できる。As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, by providing a sensor for detecting leakage of phosphoric acid by inserting it into the reactant gas passage in the single cell of the cell stack of the phosphoric acid fuel cell, Since phosphoric acid leaking into the reaction gas passage can be detected due to the volumetric expansion of the acid due to moisture absorption, it is possible to check whether the reaction gas passage is clogged with phosphoric acid, and thereby whether or not dehumidification operation is necessary can be detected before startup.
第１図は本発明の実施例によるりん酸の漏洩を検知する
センサを備えたりん酸型燃料電池の電池積層体の分解斜
視図、第２図は第１図のセンサの平面図、第３図は第２
図のＡ−Ａ矢視断面図、第４図は第１図のセンサが漏洩
したりん酸により導通した状態を示す部分断面図である
。
■ ＝
単電池、
反応ガス通路、
１０ ：
センサ、
１２ ：
電極。FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a cell stack of a phosphoric acid fuel cell equipped with a sensor for detecting leakage of phosphoric acid according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the sensor in FIG. 1, and FIG. The figure is the second
FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view showing a state in which the sensor of FIG. 1 is electrically connected due to leaked phosphoric acid. ■ = Single cell, reaction gas passage, 10: sensor, 12: electrode.
Claims (1)
給する反応ガス通路を備える単電池を有するりん酸型燃
料電池において、前記反応ガス通路に互に接触せずに配
される一対の白金線の電極からなるセンサを挿入して設
置し、このセンサが反応ガス通路に漏出するりん酸によ
り導通することによりりん酸の漏洩を検知することを特
徴とするりん酸型燃料電池。1) In a phosphoric acid fuel cell having a unit cell containing a phosphoric acid electrolyte and having a reactive gas passage for supplying a reactive gas to a pair of electrodes, a pair of cells disposed in the reactive gas passage without contacting each other. A phosphoric acid fuel cell characterized in that a sensor consisting of a platinum wire electrode is inserted and installed, and the sensor detects leakage of phosphoric acid by being electrically connected by phosphoric acid leaking into a reaction gas passage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1144648A JPH0311560A (en) | 1989-06-07 | 1989-06-07 | Phospholic acid type fuel battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1144648A JPH0311560A (en) | 1989-06-07 | 1989-06-07 | Phospholic acid type fuel battery |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0311560A true JPH0311560A (en) | 1991-01-18 |
Family
ID=15366966
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1144648A Pending JPH0311560A (en) | 1989-06-07 | 1989-06-07 | Phospholic acid type fuel battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0311560A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5504433A (en) * | 1992-10-23 | 1996-04-02 | International Fuel Cells Corporation | Electrochemical sensor for monitoring electrolyte content |
| JP2005302663A (en) * | 2004-04-15 | 2005-10-27 | Nok Corp | Wiring for fuel cell |
| JP2005302661A (en) * | 2004-04-15 | 2005-10-27 | Nok Corp | Wiring for fuel cell and method of assembling the same to fuel cell |
| JP2005302664A (en) * | 2004-04-15 | 2005-10-27 | Nok Corp | Wiring for fuel cell |
| JP2005302662A (en) * | 2004-04-15 | 2005-10-27 | Nok Corp | Wiring for fuel cell |
-
1989
- 1989-06-07 JP JP1144648A patent/JPH0311560A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5504433A (en) * | 1992-10-23 | 1996-04-02 | International Fuel Cells Corporation | Electrochemical sensor for monitoring electrolyte content |
| JP2005302663A (en) * | 2004-04-15 | 2005-10-27 | Nok Corp | Wiring for fuel cell |
| JP2005302661A (en) * | 2004-04-15 | 2005-10-27 | Nok Corp | Wiring for fuel cell and method of assembling the same to fuel cell |
| JP2005302664A (en) * | 2004-04-15 | 2005-10-27 | Nok Corp | Wiring for fuel cell |
| JP2005302662A (en) * | 2004-04-15 | 2005-10-27 | Nok Corp | Wiring for fuel cell |
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