JPH029705B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH029705B2
JPH029705B2 JP23025982A JP23025982A JPH029705B2 JP H029705 B2 JPH029705 B2 JP H029705B2 JP 23025982 A JP23025982 A JP 23025982A JP 23025982 A JP23025982 A JP 23025982A JP H029705 B2 JPH029705 B2 JP H029705B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
pressure
diaphragm
housing
sensitive element
receiving plug
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP23025982A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS59116025A (en
Inventor
Yoshinori Ootsuka
Tadashi Hatsutori
Makoto Ozaki
Kimiaki Yamaguchi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Denso Corp
Soken Inc
Original Assignee
Nippon Soken Inc
NipponDenso Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Soken Inc, NipponDenso Co Ltd filed Critical Nippon Soken Inc
Priority to JP23025982A priority Critical patent/JPS59116025A/en
Publication of JPS59116025A publication Critical patent/JPS59116025A/en
Publication of JPH029705B2 publication Critical patent/JPH029705B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L19/00Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
    • G01L19/06Means for preventing overload or deleterious influence of the measured medium on the measuring device or vice versa
    • G01L19/0681Protection against excessive heat
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L23/00Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid
    • G01L23/08Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid operated electrically
    • G01L23/10Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid operated electrically by pressure-sensitive members of the piezoelectric type

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、内燃機関の燃焼室の圧力を直接検出
する圧電型圧力検出器の改良に関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a piezoelectric pressure sensor that directly detects the pressure in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.

従来より、圧電型の圧力検出器を内燃機関の燃
焼室に取り付ける際、最も問題となるのは熱対策
であつた。即ち、圧電材料はキユーリー点と呼ば
れる温度以上に上げられると、その圧電特性は失
なわれる。そこで内燃機関の燃焼室に取り付ける
水冷式にする方法も考えられるが実用性に乏しく
なるという問題もあつた。
Conventionally, when installing a piezoelectric pressure sensor in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, the most important problem has been heat countermeasures. That is, when a piezoelectric material is raised above a temperature called the Curie point, it loses its piezoelectric properties. Therefore, a water-cooled method installed in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine has been considered, but there was also the problem that it would be impractical.

例えば第1図に示す通り圧力検出器本体の形状
を袋形状として、この袋形状の底面に感圧素子1
4を設けてある。感圧素子14は、圧電体より成
り、接地用の電極142と出力用の電極141を
もつ。接地用の電極142は、ダイヤフラム15
を介して接地されている。ダイヤフラム15は、
前記袋形状の入口部を密封し、且つ前記感圧素子
14を直接押圧するように設けられている。また
前記感圧素子14の出力用電極141は、リード
栓17を経て、電極11に接続してある。12は
絶縁体、13はハウジングである。また、従来の
圧電式の圧力検出器には、第2図に示す通り、感
圧素子14に予荷重用カバー16をかぶせ、感圧
素子14に予め荷重をかけておいて負圧を測定す
ることができるようにしたものである。
For example, as shown in FIG.
4 is provided. The pressure sensitive element 14 is made of a piezoelectric material and has a grounding electrode 142 and an output electrode 141. The grounding electrode 142 is connected to the diaphragm 15
is grounded through. The diaphragm 15 is
It is provided to seal the bag-shaped entrance and to directly press the pressure sensitive element 14. Further, the output electrode 141 of the pressure sensitive element 14 is connected to the electrode 11 via a lead plug 17. 12 is an insulator, and 13 is a housing. Furthermore, in the conventional piezoelectric pressure detector, as shown in FIG. 2, a preload cover 16 is placed over the pressure sensitive element 14, and a load is applied to the pressure sensitive element 14 in advance to measure negative pressure. It has been made possible to do so.

通常圧力検出器は、高温の流体の圧力、例えば
内燃機関のシリンダー内の燃焼圧を計測する場合
には、第3図のように取り付けることになる。第
3図において、1は圧力検出器、2はシリンダー
ヘツド、3はシール用スリーブ、4はシリンダー
の燃焼室である。この使用状態においては、第1
図図示の圧力検出器1の感圧素子14は、高温流
体と直接接することになるので、感圧素子に多量
の熱が流入して、圧電体よりなる感圧素子14の
電極ハクリ、うき等による零点劣化等の不具合が
生ずる。また感圧素子が極めて高温になつて圧電
体が圧電効果を示さなくなるという不具合も生ず
る。この対策として、一般に、第4図に示すよう
に、水冷アダプタ5を用いてその中に圧力検出器
1を入れて、その外側を冷却水流入口51より冷
却水流出口52へ矢印の如く冷却水を流して冷却
しているが、この場合には圧力検出装置としては
大きくなるし、冷却水が必要となり不便である。
Normally, a pressure detector is installed as shown in FIG. 3 when measuring the pressure of a high-temperature fluid, for example, the combustion pressure in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine. In FIG. 3, 1 is a pressure detector, 2 is a cylinder head, 3 is a sealing sleeve, and 4 is a combustion chamber of the cylinder. In this usage state, the first
Since the pressure-sensitive element 14 of the pressure sensor 1 shown in the figure comes into direct contact with the high-temperature fluid, a large amount of heat flows into the pressure-sensitive element, causing the electrode of the pressure-sensitive element 14 made of piezoelectric material to be peeled off, floated, etc. This causes problems such as zero point deterioration. Another problem occurs in that the pressure-sensitive element becomes extremely hot and the piezoelectric body no longer exhibits the piezoelectric effect. As a countermeasure against this problem, generally, as shown in FIG. 4, a water cooling adapter 5 is used, the pressure detector 1 is placed in the adapter, and the outside of the adapter is supplied with cooling water from the cooling water inlet 51 to the cooling water outlet 52 as shown by the arrow. Although it is cooled by flowing water, in this case, the pressure detection device becomes large and requires cooling water, which is inconvenient.

本発明は、感圧素子への熱伝達を抑制し、もつ
て高温下での使用を可能にした圧力検出器を提供
することを目的とするものである。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a pressure sensor that suppresses heat transfer to a pressure sensitive element and can be used at high temperatures.

本発明は上記目的を達成するため、内側の形状
を袋形状とした金属ハウジングと、該ハウジング
の底面に配設された感圧素子と、前記ハウジング
の袋形状の入口部を密封するダイヤフラムと、該
ダイヤフラムと前記感圧素子との間に配設された
圧力媒体たる受圧栓とを備え、該受圧栓の外側を
熱の良導体で構成するとともに、該外側の一方を
前記ダイヤフラムに、他方を前記ハウジングにそ
れぞれ接したという技術的手段を採用したもので
ある。
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes: a metal housing having a bag-shaped inner shape; a pressure-sensitive element disposed on the bottom surface of the housing; and a diaphragm sealing the bag-shaped entrance of the housing. A pressure receiving plug, which is a pressure medium, is provided between the diaphragm and the pressure-sensitive element, and the outside of the pressure receiving plug is made of a good heat conductor, and one of the outside is connected to the diaphragm, and the other is connected to the A technical measure was adopted in which each part was in contact with the housing.

本発明においては、ダイヤフラムと感圧素子と
の間に受圧栓を配設したことによつて該受圧栓の
存在でダイヤフラムに対し感圧素子が距離的に離
れることになり、ダイヤフラムに加わつた熱が直
接的に感圧素子に伝わるのが回避されることに加
えて、ダイヤフラムの受けた熱が受圧栓の外側を
伝わつてハウジングに逃げ、感圧素子への熱伝達
の回避が一層助長される。
In the present invention, by disposing the pressure receiving plug between the diaphragm and the pressure-sensitive element, the presence of the pressure-receiving plug causes the pressure-sensitive element to be separated from the diaphragm, thereby reducing the heat applied to the diaphragm. In addition to avoiding direct transmission of heat to the pressure-sensitive element, the heat received by the diaphragm is transmitted to the outside of the pressure-receiving plug and escapes to the housing, further helping to avoid heat transfer to the pressure-sensitive element. .

以下図面に基づき本発明になる圧力検出器の実
施例について説明する。
Embodiments of the pressure detector according to the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

第5図は本発明になる圧力検出器の第1実施例
を示し、感圧素子14と耐熱金属例えばステンレ
ス等よりなるダイヤフラム15の間には、耐熱性
と剛性に優れたステンレス製ロツド181と熱の
良導体である銅製パイプ182からなる圧力媒体
たる受圧栓が挿設してある。172は出力用の電
極であり、171は接地用の電極で受圧栓および
ダイヤフラム15を介して金属製ハウジング13
に接地される。尚、ハウジング13は耐熱性に優
れたステンレスよりなる。112,113は絶縁
体で、圧電素子14をセンサボデイ131より絶
縁する。同じく111は絶縁体で、電極171を
センサボデイ131より絶縁する。
FIG. 5 shows a first embodiment of the pressure detector according to the present invention, in which a stainless steel rod 181 with excellent heat resistance and rigidity is disposed between the pressure sensitive element 14 and the diaphragm 15 made of a heat-resistant metal such as stainless steel. A pressure receiving plug as a pressure medium made of a copper pipe 182 which is a good conductor of heat is inserted. 172 is an electrode for output, and 171 is an electrode for grounding, which is connected to the metal housing 13 through the pressure receiving plug and the diaphragm 15.
grounded. The housing 13 is made of stainless steel which has excellent heat resistance. Insulators 112 and 113 insulate the piezoelectric element 14 from the sensor body 131. Similarly, 111 is an insulator, which insulates the electrode 171 from the sensor body 131.

センササブアツセンブリは次の手順により組み
付けられる。すなわちセンサボデイ131の下部
より、絶縁体112、電極171、圧電体14、
受圧栓のロツド181、受圧栓のパイプ182お
よび絶縁体113を入れ、パイプ182の外周部
に中空リング121およびスペーサ161を介し
てセンサボデイのかしめ部131aをかしめるこ
とにより、圧電体14および受圧栓のロツド18
1、受圧栓のパイプ182をセンサボデイに固定
する。一方センサボデイ131の上部より絶縁体
111を入れ、スペーサ162を圧入すること
で、センササブアツリが構成される。なお圧電体
14には中空リング121のバネ作用により、予
荷重が加わる。
The sensor subassembly is assembled using the following procedure. That is, from the bottom of the sensor body 131, the insulator 112, the electrode 171, the piezoelectric body 14,
The rod 181 of the pressure receiving plug, the pipe 182 of the pressure receiving plug and the insulator 113 are inserted, and the piezoelectric body 14 and the pressure receiving plug are crimped by caulking the caulking part 131a of the sensor body to the outer circumference of the pipe 182 via the hollow ring 121 and the spacer 161. Rod 18
1. Fix the pipe 182 of the pressure receiving plug to the sensor body. On the other hand, by inserting the insulator 111 from the upper part of the sensor body 131 and press-fitting the spacer 162, a sensor sub-assembly is constructed. Note that a preload is applied to the piezoelectric body 14 due to the spring action of the hollow ring 121.

191はリード線で、コネクタ192の端子1
92aに接続される。163はコネクタ192の
固定用のスペーサで、122はシール用のOリン
グである。コネクタ192はハウジング13のか
しめ部13aをかしめることによりハウジング1
3に固定する。
191 is a lead wire, terminal 1 of connector 192
92a. 163 is a spacer for fixing the connector 192, and 122 is an O-ring for sealing. The connector 192 is connected to the housing 1 by caulking the caulking portion 13a of the housing 13.
Fixed at 3.

ロツド181の先端には位置決め用の係止突起
18aがあり、一方ダイヤフラム15の中央部に
は同じく位置決め用の係止穴部15aがある。セ
ンササブアツセンブリはハウジング13の内壁部
に圧入され、下部よりハウジング13の外周部1
3aへダイヤフラム15が圧入される。この時、
ロツド181の係止突起18aとダイヤフラムの
係止穴部15aの嵌合により、ロツド181の中
心はダイヤフラム15の中心と一致し、正確に位
置決めされる。さらにロツドの突起18aとダイ
ヤフラム15の穴部15a、およびダイヤフラム
15の外周15bとハウジング13の外周部13
bの接合部は溶接により強固に固定されている。
このように、受圧栓としてのロツド181の一端
はダイヤフラム15に接し、他端は圧電体14の
電極172上に接し、またパイプ182の一端は
ダイヤフラム15に接し、他端はかしめ部131
aおよびセンサボデイ131を介してハウジング
13に接することになる。
A locking protrusion 18a for positioning is provided at the tip of the rod 181, while a locking hole 15a for positioning is also provided at the center of the diaphragm 15. The sensor subassembly is press-fitted into the inner wall of the housing 13, and is inserted into the outer circumference 1 of the housing 13 from the bottom.
The diaphragm 15 is press-fitted into 3a. At this time,
By fitting the locking protrusion 18a of the rod 181 into the locking hole 15a of the diaphragm, the center of the rod 181 coincides with the center of the diaphragm 15 and is accurately positioned. Further, the protrusion 18a of the rod, the hole 15a of the diaphragm 15, the outer periphery 15b of the diaphragm 15, and the outer periphery 13 of the housing 13.
The joint part b is firmly fixed by welding.
In this way, one end of the rod 181 as a pressure receiving plug is in contact with the diaphragm 15, the other end is in contact with the electrode 172 of the piezoelectric body 14, one end of the pipe 182 is in contact with the diaphragm 15, and the other end is in contact with the caulked portion 131.
a and the housing 13 via the sensor body 131.

次に上記圧力検出器1の作動を説明すると、内
燃機関のシリンダの燃焼室4の圧力はダイヤフラ
ム15に加えられ、受圧栓のロツド181を介し
て感圧素子14に伝えられる。その際、ダイヤフ
ラム15と受圧栓のロツド181は、それぞれの
穴部15aと突起18aにより、それぞれの中心
に正確に位置決めされかつ溶接により隙間なく密
着されているため、ダイヤフラム15に働く力は
正確に圧電体14に作用し、ダイヤフラム15と
受圧栓18の中心がずれていたり、密着していな
いことによる圧力検出器1の非直線やヒステリシ
ス、又は定圧力時の不感帯等の不具合が著しく改
善される。
Next, the operation of the pressure detector 1 will be described. The pressure in the combustion chamber 4 of the cylinder of the internal combustion engine is applied to the diaphragm 15 and transmitted to the pressure sensing element 14 via the rod 181 of the pressure receiving plug. At this time, the diaphragm 15 and the rod 181 of the pressure receiving plug are accurately positioned at their respective centers through the respective holes 15a and protrusions 18a, and are welded tightly together without any gaps, so that the force acting on the diaphragm 15 is accurately It acts on the piezoelectric body 14, and problems such as non-linearity and hysteresis of the pressure detector 1 caused by the diaphragm 15 and the pressure receiving plug 18 being misaligned or not in close contact with each other, or dead zones at constant pressure are significantly improved. .

さらに本例では、ダイヤフラム15はその外周
部15bとハウジング13の外周部13bで溶接
されているため、溶接による熱歪がダイヤフラム
15の中心部まで及ばず、前述した不具合が一層
改善されている。
Furthermore, in this example, since the diaphragm 15 is welded at its outer circumference 15b and the outer circumference 13b of the housing 13, thermal distortion due to welding does not extend to the center of the diaphragm 15, and the above-mentioned problems are further improved.

第6図は本発明になる圧力検出器1の第2実施
例を示す。第1実施例ではロツド181に伝わる
熱をセンサボデイ131を介してハウジング13
に逃がしているが第6図の第2実施例ではハウジ
ング13に直接逃がしている。
FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the pressure detector 1 according to the present invention. In the first embodiment, the heat transmitted to the rod 181 is transferred to the housing 13 through the sensor body 131.
However, in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6, it is directly released into the housing 13.

組み付けは以下の手順で行なわれる。圧電帯1
4と受圧栓のロツド181をセンサボデイ131
のかしめ部131aをかしめて、センササブアツ
センブリが完成した後、センササブアツセンブリ
はハウジング13に圧入される。ハウジング13
の内径には段差13dがあり、ハウジング13の
下部より銅製のパイプ183がストツパ13dに
当接するまでロツド181に圧入された後に、ダ
イヤフラム15が第1実施例と同様の方法で溶接
される。
Assembly is performed in the following steps. piezoelectric band 1
4 and the pressure receiving plug rod 181 to the sensor body 131.
After the sensor subassembly is completed by caulking the caulking portion 131a, the sensor subassembly is press-fitted into the housing 13. Housing 13
There is a step 13d on the inner diameter of the housing 13, and after a copper pipe 183 is press-fitted into the rod 181 from the lower part of the housing 13 until it comes into contact with the stopper 13d, the diaphragm 15 is welded in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

この第2実施例では、熱はロツド181からパ
イプ183を介して直接ハウジング13に逃がす
ため、感圧素子に流入する熱は第1実施例よりも
さらに少なくなる。
In this second embodiment, heat is released directly from the rod 181 to the housing 13 via the pipe 183, so that the amount of heat flowing into the pressure sensitive element is even less than in the first embodiment.

以上述べたように本発明は感圧素子に熱が伝わ
りにくく、高温での使用が可能になるという極め
て優れた効果を有する。
As described above, the present invention has extremely excellent effects in that heat is not easily transmitted to the pressure sensitive element and it can be used at high temperatures.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図及び第2図は従来の圧力検出器の構成を
示す断面図、第3図は従来の圧力検出器の使用状
態の一例を示す断面図、第4図は従来の圧力検出
器の高温対策の一例を示す断面図、第5図は本発
明になる圧力検出器の第1実施例、第6図は第2
実施例を示す断面図である。 1……圧力検出器、2……シリンダーヘツド、
14……圧電体、13……ハウジング、15……
ダイヤフラム、171……出力用電極、172…
…接地用電極、111,112,113……絶縁
体、181……ロツド、182……パイプ。
Figures 1 and 2 are cross-sectional views showing the configuration of a conventional pressure detector, Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of how the conventional pressure detector is used, and Figure 4 is a high-temperature diagram of the conventional pressure detector. A sectional view showing an example of countermeasures, FIG. 5 is a first embodiment of the pressure detector according to the present invention, and FIG.
It is a sectional view showing an example. 1...Pressure detector, 2...Cylinder head,
14...Piezoelectric body, 13...Housing, 15...
Diaphragm, 171...Output electrode, 172...
...Grounding electrode, 111, 112, 113...Insulator, 181...Rod, 182...Pipe.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 内側の形状を袋形状とした金属ハウジング
と、該ハウジングの底面に配設された感圧素子
と、前記ハウジングの袋形状の入口部を密封する
ダイヤフラムと、該ダイヤフラムと前記感圧素子
との間に配設された圧力媒体たる受圧栓とを備
え、該受圧栓の外側を熱の良導体で構成するとと
もに、該外側の一方を前記ダイヤフラムに、他方
を前記ハウジングにそれぞれ接したことを特徴と
する圧力検出器。
1. A metal housing whose inner side is bag-shaped, a pressure-sensitive element disposed on the bottom of the housing, a diaphragm that seals the bag-shaped entrance of the housing, and a combination of the diaphragm and the pressure-sensitive element. A pressure receiving plug serving as a pressure medium is disposed in between, and the outside of the pressure receiving plug is made of a good thermal conductor, and one of the outside is in contact with the diaphragm, and the other is in contact with the housing. Pressure detector.
JP23025982A 1982-12-23 1982-12-23 Pressure detector Granted JPS59116025A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP23025982A JPS59116025A (en) 1982-12-23 1982-12-23 Pressure detector

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP23025982A JPS59116025A (en) 1982-12-23 1982-12-23 Pressure detector

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS59116025A JPS59116025A (en) 1984-07-04
JPH029705B2 true JPH029705B2 (en) 1990-03-05

Family

ID=16904995

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP23025982A Granted JPS59116025A (en) 1982-12-23 1982-12-23 Pressure detector

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS59116025A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013205307A (en) * 2012-03-29 2013-10-07 Citizen Finetech Miyota Co Ltd Pressure detector and internal combustion engine with the same
JP2014048045A (en) * 2012-08-29 2014-03-17 Citizen Finetech Miyota Co Ltd Combustion pressure sensor
JP2014048181A (en) * 2012-08-31 2014-03-17 Citizen Finetech Miyota Co Ltd Combustion pressure sensor

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JP2013205307A (en) * 2012-03-29 2013-10-07 Citizen Finetech Miyota Co Ltd Pressure detector and internal combustion engine with the same
JP2014048045A (en) * 2012-08-29 2014-03-17 Citizen Finetech Miyota Co Ltd Combustion pressure sensor
JP2014048181A (en) * 2012-08-31 2014-03-17 Citizen Finetech Miyota Co Ltd Combustion pressure sensor

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