JPH0291403A - Moisture separation heating device - Google Patents
Moisture separation heating deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0291403A JPH0291403A JP24222588A JP24222588A JPH0291403A JP H0291403 A JPH0291403 A JP H0291403A JP 24222588 A JP24222588 A JP 24222588A JP 24222588 A JP24222588 A JP 24222588A JP H0291403 A JPH0291403 A JP H0291403A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- heat exchanger
- heated steam
- thermal conductive
- conductive pipe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［発明の目的］
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、原子力発電用蒸気タービンシステム等に使用
される湿分分離加熱装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a moisture separation and heating device used in a steam turbine system for nuclear power generation and the like.
（従来の技術）
原子力発電用蒸気タービンシステムにおいては、発電効
率を高めるために蒸気タービンで膨脹途中の蒸気を被加
熱蒸気として抽出した後湿分分離し、更にこれをシステ
ム内のより高温高圧の加熱蒸気で加熱する湿分分離加熱
装置が使用されている。(Prior art) In a steam turbine system for nuclear power generation, in order to increase the power generation efficiency, the steam that is expanding in the steam turbine is extracted as heated steam, and then the moisture is separated, and then the steam is transferred to a higher temperature and higher pressure in the system. Moisture separation heating devices are used that heat with heated steam.
ところで、上記湿分分離加熱装置は従来より第５図に示
す構造のものが知られている。図中のｌは、横置きに配
置され、両端が封じられた円筒状のシェルである。この
シェルｌには、その軸方向に対して直角方向に仕切るた
めの隔壁２．３が配設されており、これら隔壁２．８に
よりシェルｌ内の空間を側室４．５及び被加熱蒸気流路
６とに区画している。前記被加熱蒸気流路６に対応する
前記シェルｌの壁部には、被加熱蒸気人口ノズル？、被
加熱蒸気出口ノズル８及び分離水分排出ノズル９が連結
されている。前記シェルｌの被加熱蒸気流路Ｂ内の底部
付近には、湿分分離器ＩＯが該シェルｌの軸に平行とな
るように配設されている。By the way, the above-mentioned moisture separation and heating device has a structure shown in FIG. 5, which is conventionally known. In the figure, l is a cylindrical shell placed horizontally and closed at both ends. This shell l is provided with partition walls 2.3 for partitioning it in a direction perpendicular to its axial direction, and these partition walls 2.8 divide the space inside the shell l into a side chamber 4.5 and a heated steam flow. It is divided into 6 roads. A heated steam artificial nozzle is provided on the wall of the shell l corresponding to the heated steam flow path 6. , a heated steam outlet nozzle 8 and a separated moisture discharge nozzle 9 are connected. A moisture separator IO is disposed near the bottom of the heated steam flow path B of the shell I so as to be parallel to the axis of the shell I.
この湿分分離器１０上方の被加熱蒸気流路６内には、第
２段加熱器１１２、第２段加熱器１１２が図示しない支
持板に支持さ・れて順次配設されている。これら加熱器
１１＋ 、１１２は、第６図に示すようにＵ字形に折曲
げられた形状をなし、端部が前記左側の隔壁２を貫通し
て前記側室４内に延出された複数本の伝熱管１２と、こ
れら伝熱管■２の前記側室４に延出された端部に取付け
られた管板１３と、この管板１３に取付けられ、加熱蒸
気の供給管Ｉ４、排出管１５を有するヘッダＩ８とから
構成されている。かかる伝熱管１２においては、前記被
加熱蒸気流路Ｂ内にある熱交換部１７と前記側室４にあ
る熱交換を行わない断熱部１８とがある。In the heated steam flow path 6 above the moisture separator 10, a second stage heater 112 and a second stage heater 112 are sequentially disposed while being supported by a support plate (not shown). These heaters 11+, 112 are bent into a U-shape as shown in FIG. It has heat transfer tubes 12, a tube plate 13 attached to the ends of these heat transfer tubes 2 extending into the side chamber 4, and a heating steam supply pipe I4 and a discharge pipe 15 attached to the tube plate 13. It consists of a header I8. The heat exchanger tube 12 has a heat exchange section 17 located in the heated steam flow path B and a heat insulating section 18 located in the side chamber 4 that does not perform heat exchange.
上述した構成の湿分分離加熱装置によれば、加熱蒸気Ｂ
を加熱器１１． 、 ｌｉ２の加熱蒸気供給管１４から
ヘッダＩ６を通してＵ字形に折曲げられた水平の伝熱管
１２内に供給すると、該伝熱管１２の上脚１２ａから下
脚１２ｂに流れながら凝縮する。一方、被加熱蒸気Ａを
被加熱蒸気人口ノズル９を通してシェルｌの被加熱蒸気
流路６内に供給すると、湿分分離器ｌＯで湿分分離され
、更に前記伝熱管１２の熱交換部Ｉ７において下方から
上方に向かって該伝熱管１２に対して直交して流れて加
熱蒸気Ｂの熱が与えられ、加熱される。加熱された被加
熱蒸気Ａは、被加熱蒸気出口ノズル８から排出される。According to the moisture separation and heating device configured as described above, heating steam B
Heater 11. When the steam is supplied from the heated steam supply pipe 14 of . On the other hand, when the heated steam A is supplied into the heated steam flow path 6 of the shell l through the heated steam artificial nozzle 9, the moisture is separated in the moisture separator lO, and further in the heat exchange section I7 of the heat exchanger tube 12. It flows perpendicularly to the heat exchanger tube 12 from the bottom to the top and is heated by the heat of the heating steam B. The heated steam A is discharged from the heated steam outlet nozzle 8.
しかしながら、上記従来の湿分分離加熱装置では伝熱管
１２から被加熱蒸気Ａに熱を与えた際、伝熱管の下脚１
２ｂでの加熱蒸気凝縮液は第２図の曲線ａに示す過冷却
状態となる。即ち、伝熱管１２の熱交換部１７では流れ
方向に徐々に過冷却を生じ、伝熱管１２の断熱部１８で
の温度回復があるものの、該断熱部１８の出口では依然
過冷却が大きくなる。However, in the above-mentioned conventional moisture separation heating device, when heat is applied from the heat exchanger tube 12 to the steam A to be heated, the lower leg of the heat exchanger tube 1
The heated steam condensate at point 2b becomes supercooled as shown by curve a in FIG. That is, in the heat exchange section 17 of the heat transfer tube 12, supercooling gradually occurs in the flow direction, and although there is temperature recovery in the heat insulation section 18 of the heat transfer tube 12, supercooling still becomes large at the outlet of the heat insulation section 18.
その結果、伝熱管１２の断熱部１８内での加熱蒸気凝縮
液の流れが不安定になったり、伝熱管１２が熱疲労を受
けたりして伝熱管１２と管板１３の溶接部を破壊させる
原因となっていた。As a result, the flow of the heated steam condensate within the heat-insulating section 18 of the heat exchanger tube 12 becomes unstable, or the heat exchanger tube 12 suffers thermal fatigue, causing the weld between the heat exchanger tube 12 and the tube sheet 13 to break. It was the cause.
このような過冷却を低減する対策として、例えば特公昭
５８−２５９２５号公報や特開昭８１−１８０８１６号
公報に開示されているように伝熱管の出口にオリフィス
を挿入したり、実開昭８０−１２８１７０号公報に開示
されているように伝熱管１２内のフィン部の伝熱面積を
加熱蒸気の流れ方向に減少させたりすることが提案され
ている。しかしながら、前者の構造では伝熱管の加熱蒸
気側に圧力損失の著しい増大を招く。後者の構造では、
設置可能なフィンをわざわざ削減するため、被加熱蒸気
側への伝熱性能が犠牲になり、ひいては湿分分離加熱装
置が大形化するという問題があった。As a measure to reduce such supercooling, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-25925 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 81-180816, an orifice is inserted into the outlet of the heat transfer tube, and As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 128170, it has been proposed to reduce the heat transfer area of fin portions in the heat transfer tubes 12 in the flow direction of heated steam. However, the former structure causes a significant increase in pressure loss on the heating steam side of the heat transfer tube. In the latter structure,
Since the number of fins that can be installed is purposely reduced, the heat transfer performance to the heated steam side is sacrificed, and as a result, the moisture separation heating device becomes larger.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
本発明は、上記従来の課題を解決するためになされたも
ので、加熱蒸気側の圧力損失の著しい増加や被加熱蒸気
側への伝熱性能の犠牲を伴わずに伝熱管内での加熱蒸気
凝縮液の過冷却を低減した湿分分離加熱装置を提供しよ
うとするもので訂る。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and is accompanied by a significant increase in pressure loss on the heating steam side and a sacrifice in heat transfer performance to the heated steam side. This paper aims to provide a moisture separation and heating device that reduces supercooling of heated steam condensate within a heat transfer tube.
［発明の構成］
（課題を解決するための手段）
本発明は、シェル内に収納された湿分分離器と、前記シ
ェル内に配置されたＵ字形に折曲げられた形状をなす複
数本の伝熱管、各伝熱管の管端部に取付けられた管板、
及び加熱蒸気を供給・排出するヘッダからなる加熱器と
、前記各伝熱管の加熱蒸気流通部分の外側に湿分分離後
の被加熱蒸気を該伝熱管に対して直交するように流すた
めの前記シェル内に形成された被加熱蒸気流路と同シェ
ル内に形成され前記ヘッダを収納する側室とを仕切るた
め隔壁とを具備した湿分分離加熱装置において、前記側
室内に配置された下脚側の伝熱管断熱部に螺旋状の突起
を形成したことを特徴とする湿分分離加熱装置である。[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention includes a moisture separator housed in a shell, and a plurality of moisture separators each bent in a U-shape arranged in the shell. heat transfer tubes, tube sheets attached to the tube ends of each heat transfer tube;
and a heater comprising a header for supplying and discharging heated steam, and a heater for causing the heated steam after moisture separation to flow outside the heated steam distribution portion of each of the heat exchanger tubes so as to be perpendicular to the heat exchanger tubes. In a moisture separation heating device comprising a partition wall for partitioning a heated steam flow path formed in a shell and a side chamber formed in the same shell and housing the header, a lower leg side disposed in the side chamber is provided. This is a moisture separation heating device characterized by forming a spiral protrusion on the heat exchanger tube heat insulation part.
（作用）
本発明によれば、側室内に配置された下脚側の伝熱管断
熱部、つまり加熱蒸気出口側の伝熱管に螺旋状の突起を
形成することによって、加熱蒸気側の圧力損失の著しい
増加や被加熱蒸気側への伝熱性能の犠牲を伴わずに該伝
熱管部分での加熱蒸気凝縮液の流れを乱すことができる
ため、液相内温度分布の均一化効果、及び気液界面の擾
乱による未凝縮蒸気と過冷却状態の凝縮液との直接接触
凝縮熱伝達を促進する効果により伝熱管の熱交換部で発
生した凝縮液の過冷却を断熱部で大幅に低減できる。そ
の結果、伝熱管端部に取付けられた管板部分での加熱蒸
気凝縮液の過冷却を低減して、それらの溶接部での熱疲
労による破壊等を防止できる。(Function) According to the present invention, by forming a spiral protrusion on the heat exchanger tube insulation part on the lower leg side arranged in the side chamber, that is, on the heat exchanger tube on the heating steam outlet side, the pressure loss on the heating steam side is significantly reduced. It is possible to disturb the flow of the heated steam condensate in the heat transfer tube section without increasing or sacrificing the heat transfer performance to the heated steam side, which has the effect of uniformizing the temperature distribution in the liquid phase and improving the temperature distribution at the gas-liquid interface. Due to the effect of promoting direct contact condensation heat transfer between uncondensed steam and supercooled condensate due to the disturbance, supercooling of the condensate that occurs in the heat exchange section of the heat transfer tube can be significantly reduced in the heat insulating section. As a result, supercooling of the heated steam condensate at the tube plate portion attached to the end of the heat exchanger tube can be reduced, and breakdown due to thermal fatigue at those welded parts can be prevented.
（実施例）
以下、本発明の実施例を第１図を参照して詳細に説明す
る。なお、前述した第５図及び第６図と同様な部材は同
符号を付して説明を省略する。(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. Incidentally, members similar to those in FIGS. 5 and 6 described above are designated by the same reference numerals and explanations thereof will be omitted.
本実施例の湿分分離加熱装置は、第１図に示すようにＵ
字形に折曲げられた伝熱管１２の側室４内に位置する伝
熱管の下脚１２ｂの断熱部１８にスパイラル加工を施す
により螺旋状突起１９を形成した構造になっている。The moisture separation and heating device of this embodiment is as shown in FIG.
It has a structure in which a spiral protrusion 19 is formed by performing spiral processing on the heat insulating part 18 of the lower leg 12b of the heat exchanger tube located in the side chamber 4 of the heat exchanger tube 12 bent into a letter shape.
このような構成によれば、加熱蒸気Ｂを加熱器の加熱蒸
気供給管からヘッダを通してＵ字形に折曲げられた水平
の伝熱管１２内に供給すると、該伝熱管１２の上脚１２
ａから下脚１２ｂに流れながら該伝熱管１２の熱交換部
１７外表面に流れる被加熱蒸気Ａに潜熱を奪われること
により凝縮する。更に、凝縮が進行すると加熱蒸気凝縮
液は被加熱蒸気Ａに顕熱をも奪われ、過冷却を生じる。According to such a configuration, when heated steam B is supplied from the heated steam supply pipe of the heater through the header into the horizontal heat exchanger tube 12 bent into a U-shape, the upper leg 12 of the heat exchanger tube 12
The latent heat is taken away by the heated steam A flowing to the outer surface of the heat exchange part 17 of the heat exchanger tube 12 while flowing from the lower leg 12b to the lower leg 12b, and the heated steam A condenses. Furthermore, as condensation progresses, the heated steam condensate also loses sensible heat to the heated steam A, resulting in supercooling.
この場合、過冷却状態の加熱蒸気凝縮液が伝熱管下脚１
２ｂの加熱蒸気出口側の断熱部！８に入ると、該断熱部
１８には螺旋状突起１９が形成されているため、前記加
熱蒸気凝縮液が乱され、液相内温度分布の均一化効果、
及び気液界面の擾乱による未凝縮蒸気と過冷却状態の凝
縮液との直接接触凝縮熱伝達を促進する効果により第２
図の破線すに示すように伝熱管１２の熱交換部１７で発
生した凝縮液の過冷却度を流れ方向に大幅に減少できる
。その結果、加熱蒸気側の圧力損失の著しい増加や被加
熱蒸気側への伝熱性能の犠牲を伴わずに伝熱管１２の端
部に取付けられた管板１３部分での加熱蒸気凝縮液の過
冷却を低減して、それらの溶接部での熱疲労による破壊
等を防止できる。In this case, the supercooled heated steam condensate flows into the lower leg 1 of the heat transfer tube.
Insulation section on the heated steam outlet side of 2b! 8, since the spiral protrusion 19 is formed in the heat insulating part 18, the heated steam condensate is disturbed and the temperature distribution in the liquid phase is uniformized.
and the effect of promoting direct contact condensation heat transfer between uncondensed vapor and supercooled condensate due to disturbance of the gas-liquid interface.
As shown by the broken line in the figure, the degree of supercooling of the condensate generated in the heat exchange section 17 of the heat exchanger tube 12 can be significantly reduced in the flow direction. As a result, the heated steam condensate can be heated at the portion of the tube plate 13 attached to the end of the heat transfer tube 12 without significantly increasing pressure loss on the heated steam side or sacrificing heat transfer performance to the heated steam side. By reducing cooling, it is possible to prevent damage to those welded parts due to thermal fatigue.
なお、上記実施例ではＵ字形に折曲げられた伝熱管の側
室内に位置する伝熱管の下脚の断熱部にスパイラル加工
を施すにより螺旋状突起を形成したが、これに限定され
ない。例えば、第３図及び第４図に示すように伝熱管１
２の側室４内に位置する伝熱管下脚１２ｂの断熱部１８
内に螺旋状突起としての螺旋状のスプリングワイヤ２０
を挿入してもよい。かかる構成によれば。前述した実施
例と同様な効果を発揮できる。In the above embodiment, a spiral protrusion is formed by performing spiral processing on the heat insulating portion of the lower leg of the heat exchanger tube located in the side chamber of the heat exchanger tube bent into a U-shape, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the heat exchanger tube 1
The heat insulating part 18 of the heat exchanger tube lower leg 12b located in the side chamber 4 of No. 2
Helical spring wire 20 as a helical protrusion inside
may be inserted. According to such a configuration. Effects similar to those of the embodiments described above can be achieved.
［発明の効果］
以上詳述した如く、本発明によれば加熱蒸気側の圧力損
失の著しい増加や被加熱蒸気側への伝熱性能の犠牲を伴
わずに伝熱管内での加熱蒸気凝縮液の過冷却を低減でき
、ひいては安全性、信頼性の高い湿分分離加熱装置を提
供できる。[Effects of the Invention] As detailed above, according to the present invention, the heated steam condensate in the heat transfer tube can be heated without significantly increasing the pressure loss on the heated steam side or sacrificing the heat transfer performance to the heated steam side. This makes it possible to reduce supercooling of the water and provide a highly safe and reliable moisture separation heating device.
第１図は、本発明の一実施例を示すシェル内に配設した
伝熱管の断面図、第２図は伝熱管での加熱蒸気凝縮液の
過冷却状態を示す特性図、第３図は本発明の他の実施例
を示すシェル内に配設した伝熱管の断面図、第４図は第
３図の伝熱管内に挿入される螺旋状のスプリングワイヤ
を示す正面図、第５図は従来の湿分分離加熱装置の構成
を示す断面図、第６図は第５図の１本の伝熱管を取出し
て示す拡大断面図である。
ｌ・・・シェル、２．３・・・隔壁、４．５・・・側室
、６・・・被加熱蒸気流路、ｌＯ・・・湿分分離器、１
１１ ｓ １１２・・・加熱器、１２・・・伝熱管、１
２ａ・・・伝熱管上脚、１２ｂ・・・伝熱管下脚、１３
・・・管板、１６・・・ヘッダ、１７・・・熱交換部、
１８・・・断熱部、１９・・・螺旋状突起、２０・・・
螺旋状のスプリングワイヤ。
出願人代理人 弁理士 鈴江武彦
加熱蓋覧のう荒れ方向
第
図
第
図
第
図Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a heat transfer tube arranged in a shell showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing the supercooling state of heated steam condensate in the heat transfer tube, and Fig. 3 is a FIG. 4 is a front view showing a spiral spring wire inserted into the heat exchanger tube of FIG. 3; FIG. FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view showing one heat transfer tube taken out from FIG. 5. l... Shell, 2.3... Partition wall, 4.5... Side chamber, 6... Heated steam flow path, lO... Moisture separator, 1
11 s 112... Heater, 12... Heat exchanger tube, 1
2a... Upper leg of heat exchanger tube, 12b... Lower leg of heat exchanger tube, 13
... tube plate, 16 ... header, 17 ... heat exchange section,
18... Heat insulation part, 19... Spiral projection, 20...
Spiral spring wire. Applicant's agent Takehiko Suzue, patent attorney
Claims (3)
ル内に配置されたＵ字形に折曲げられた形状をなす複数
本の伝熱管、各伝熱管の管端部に取付けられた管板、及
び加熱蒸気を供給・排出するヘッダからなる加熱器と、
前記各伝熱管の加熱蒸気流通部分の外側に湿分分離後の
被加熱蒸気を該伝熱管に対して直交するように流すため
の前記シェル内に形成された被加熱蒸気流路と同シェル
内に形成され前記ヘッダを収納する側室とを仕切るため
隔壁とを具備した湿分分離加熱装置において、前記側室
内に配置された下脚側の伝熱管断熱部に螺旋状の突起を
形成したことを特徴とする湿分分離加熱装置。(1) A moisture separator housed in a shell, a plurality of U-shaped heat exchanger tubes arranged in the shell, and attached to the end of each heat exchanger tube. A heater consisting of a tube plate and a header for supplying and discharging heating steam;
A heated steam flow path formed in the shell for flowing the heated steam after moisture separation outside the heated steam distribution portion of each of the heat transfer tubes in a direction perpendicular to the heat transfer tubes; The moisture separation heating device is provided with a partition wall for separating the header from a side chamber and a side chamber for storing the header, characterized in that a spiral protrusion is formed on a heat-insulating section of the heat exchanger tube on the lower leg side disposed in the side chamber. Moisture separation heating device.
イラル加工を施すことによって形成されたものであるこ
とを特徴とする請求項１記載の湿分分離加熱装置。(2) The moisture separation and heating device according to claim 1, wherein the spiral protrusion is formed by applying spiral processing to the heat-insulating portion of the heat exchanger tube on the lower leg side.
状のスプリングワイヤを挿入することによって形成され
たものであることを特徴とする請求項１記載の湿分分離
加熱装置。(3) The moisture separation and heating device according to claim 1, wherein the spiral protrusion is formed by inserting a spiral spring wire into the heat-insulating section of the heat exchanger tube on the lower leg side.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24222588A JPH0291403A (en) | 1988-09-29 | 1988-09-29 | Moisture separation heating device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24222588A JPH0291403A (en) | 1988-09-29 | 1988-09-29 | Moisture separation heating device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0291403A true JPH0291403A (en) | 1990-03-30 |
Family
ID=17086094
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24222588A Pending JPH0291403A (en) | 1988-09-29 | 1988-09-29 | Moisture separation heating device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0291403A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013515554A (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2013-05-09 | アクア ドクター カンパニー リミテッド | Steam disinfection device with heating amplification means |
-
1988
- 1988-09-29 JP JP24222588A patent/JPH0291403A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013515554A (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2013-05-09 | アクア ドクター カンパニー リミテッド | Steam disinfection device with heating amplification means |
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