JPH029138Y2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH029138Y2
JPH029138Y2 JP7501881U JP7501881U JPH029138Y2 JP H029138 Y2 JPH029138 Y2 JP H029138Y2 JP 7501881 U JP7501881 U JP 7501881U JP 7501881 U JP7501881 U JP 7501881U JP H029138 Y2 JPH029138 Y2 JP H029138Y2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
oil
bearing
pressure
crankshaft
main bearing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP7501881U
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS57186719U (en
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed filed Critical
Priority to JP7501881U priority Critical patent/JPH029138Y2/ja
Publication of JPS57186719U publication Critical patent/JPS57186719U/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JPH029138Y2 publication Critical patent/JPH029138Y2/ja
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)

Description

【考案の詳細な説明】 (産業上の利用分野) 本考案は軸受構造、より詳しくは、往復動内燃
機関におけるクランク軸やクランクピンの如く円
周方向に開口する油孔を有する回転軸の軸受構造
に関するものである。
[Detailed description of the invention] (Field of industrial application) The present invention relates to a bearing structure, more specifically, a bearing for a rotating shaft having an oil hole opening in the circumferential direction, such as a crankshaft or crank pin in a reciprocating internal combustion engine. It's about structure.

(従来技術) 一般に往復動内燃機関におけるクランク軸やク
ランクピンは、円周方向に開口する油孔が設けら
れこの油孔を通じて軸受面へ給油して油膜を形成
し、クランク軸やクランクピンの軸荷重を油膜を
介して軸受で支承する構造が採用されている。そ
の一例を示せば、第1図a〜cに見られるように
クランク軸及びクランクピンには、円周方向
に開口する油孔が設けられこのクランク軸
及びクランクピンは、夫々油孔の開口が軸
方向の中央部に位置し、主軸受及びクランクピ
ン軸受により支承されている。そして、図示し
ない供給装置から油孔内に給油された潤滑油
は、開口から軸受面に供給されここに油膜を
形成し、この油膜を介してクランク軸又はクラ
ンクピンの軸荷重を主軸受又はクランクピン
軸受で支承するようになつている。
(Prior art) Crankshafts and crankpins in reciprocating internal combustion engines are generally provided with oil holes that open in the circumferential direction. Through these oil holes, oil is supplied to the bearing surface and an oil film is formed. A structure is adopted in which the load is supported by bearings via an oil film. For example, as shown in FIGS. 1a to 1c, the crankshaft and crankpin are provided with oil holes that open in the circumferential direction. It is located at the center in the axial direction and is supported by a main bearing and a crank pin bearing. The lubricating oil supplied into the oil hole from a supply device (not shown) is supplied from the opening to the bearing surface and forms an oil film there, and through this oil film, the axial load of the crankshaft or crank pin is transferred to the main bearing or crank. It is supported by pin bearings.

(考案が解決しようとする課題) ところで前記したような軸受構造には問題があ
る。
(Problems to be solved by the invention) However, there are problems with the bearing structure as described above.

即ち、クランク軸と主軸受の関係を例にと
つて説明すると今機関が運転していると軸受荷重
面に作用する力は、クランク軸と主軸受との
間に介在する油膜を通してクランク軸より主軸
受に伝えられるため油膜に高い圧力が生ずる。
ところでこの油膜内の圧力分布をクランク軸に
平行な断面でみると、第2図aに曲線で示すよ
うに中央部(後述する油孔が通過する部分A)
が圧力大で両側(B部分に向つてその圧力は順次
小となる。即ち、主軸受の両端部は大気に通ず
るため圧力保持が出来ず圧力“0”となる。
In other words, to explain the relationship between the crankshaft and the main bearing as an example, when an engine is currently operating, the force that acts on the bearing load surface is mainly exerted by the crankshaft through the oil film interposed between the crankshaft and the main bearing. A high pressure is generated in the oil film as it is transmitted to the bearing.
By the way, if we look at the pressure distribution within this oil film in a cross section parallel to the crankshaft, we can see that the central part (portion A through which the oil holes described later pass) is shown by the curve in Figure 2 a.
The pressure is high on both sides (portion B), and the pressure gradually decreases toward the part B. In other words, since both ends of the main bearing communicate with the atmosphere, the pressure cannot be maintained and the pressure becomes "0".

一方、クランク軸から主軸受に伝えられる
力がクランク軸の回転位置にかかわりなく一定と
すると油孔が、軸受荷重面に来たときは第2図
bに示すように油孔の開口に対応する部分Aの
油膜圧力は、主軸受の両端部と同様に圧力保持
ができないため0となる。その結果、荷重を支持
できる有効油膜長が短くなり主軸受の両側B部
分での油膜圧力が上昇する。
On the other hand, if the force transmitted from the crankshaft to the main bearing is constant regardless of the rotational position of the crankshaft, when the oil hole comes to the bearing load surface, it corresponds to the opening of the oil hole as shown in Figure 2b. The oil film pressure in part A becomes 0 because pressure cannot be maintained as in both ends of the main bearing. As a result, the effective oil film length that can support the load becomes shorter, and the oil film pressure at both sides B of the main bearing increases.

なお、油孔が軸受荷重面を通過後は油膜圧力
は第2図cに示す状態となる。この油膜圧力変化
を横軸に時間を取つて示すと第3図a,b如くな
る。即ち、主軸受の中央部Aの圧圧力変化を第
3図aに両側Bの圧力変化を第3図Bに示したも
のであり、何れも軸受荷重面を油孔が通過する
ときtに油膜圧力は大きく変化し、その結果油膜
が破壊され円滑な潤滑作用を行うことができない
ばかりでなく、油膜破壊を圧力変化の繰返しとに
より主軸受の軸受面にクラツクが生じる恐れ
がある。このような現像は、クランクピンとク
ランクピン軸受にも生じる。
Note that after the oil hole passes through the bearing load surface, the oil film pressure becomes the state shown in FIG. 2c. When this oil film pressure change is plotted against time on the horizontal axis, it becomes as shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b. That is, the pressure change at the center A of the main bearing is shown in Figure 3a, and the pressure change on both sides B is shown in Figure 3B. The pressure changes greatly, and as a result, not only is the oil film destroyed and smooth lubrication cannot be achieved, but the repeated pressure changes and the oil film destruction may cause cracks on the bearing surface of the main bearing. Such development also occurs in crankpins and crankpin bearings.

かかることから軸受荷重面に油溝を設け、この
油溝内に潤滑油を供給することも考えられるが、
この油溝は深すぎるか、又は油孔と常に通じてい
るため、圧力保持が出来ず必然的に油溝のない他
の部分で常に全軸荷重を受けなければならず、そ
の結果、軸受に無理が生じ損傷が発生する等の問
題がある。
For this reason, it is conceivable to provide an oil groove on the bearing load surface and supply lubricating oil into this oil groove.
Because this oil groove is too deep or is always in communication with the oil hole, it cannot maintain pressure and must necessarily always bear the full axial load in other parts without oil grooves, resulting in damage to the bearing. There are problems such as overexertion and damage.

(課題を解決するための手段) 本考案は、前記したような従来の問題点を解決
するためになされたものであつて、円周方向に開
口する油孔を有する回転軸と、少なくとも最大軸
受荷重面であつてかつ軸方向の中央部に浅い油溜
りを設けた軸受とよりなり、前記回転軸が回転時
に該回転軸の油孔が前記軸受の油溜りに断続的に
連通するように構成した軸受構造を提供せんとす
るものである。
(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional art. The bearing is a load surface and has a shallow oil sump in the center in the axial direction, and the oil hole of the rotating shaft is intermittently communicated with the oil sump of the bearing when the rotating shaft rotates. The purpose of this invention is to provide a bearing structure that is

(作用) かかる構成による軸受構造によれば、軸受に設
けられる油溜りは逃げ道がないため、油孔がこの
油溜りと連通したとき軸受の中央部の圧力は0と
なる油孔が、この油溜りを通過した後は油溜り内
に残留した比較的厚い油膜は、ある程度の圧力を
保持し、他の荷重面に構成された薄い油膜内に発
生する圧力と共に軸受荷重をささえる。
(Function) According to the bearing structure having such a configuration, the oil reservoir provided in the bearing has no escape route, so when the oil hole communicates with this oil reservoir, the pressure in the center of the bearing becomes 0. After passing through the sump, the relatively thick oil film remaining in the sump retains some pressure and supports the bearing load along with the pressure developed in the thin oil film configured on the other load surfaces.

この圧力は比較的小さいものとなるため、軸受
荷重面に作用する油膜圧は回転軸に平行な断面で
みて、大きな変化は生じない。
Since this pressure is relatively small, the oil film pressure acting on the bearing load surface does not change significantly when viewed in a cross section parallel to the rotation axis.

(実施例) 以下第4図乃至第7図に基づき本考案による軸
受構造の一実施例を説明する。
(Embodiment) An embodiment of the bearing structure according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7.

第4図aは、主軸受の下半部分の平面図、第
4図bは、第4図aのc−c断面図である。この
主軸受の軸受面には油溜りが設けられてい
る。詳述すればこの油溜りは、主軸受の矢印
e−e′で示す軸方向の中央部であつて、少なくと
も軸受面の最下面即ち、最大軸荷重面を含む位置
に設けられている。
FIG. 4a is a plan view of the lower half of the main bearing, and FIG. 4b is a sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. 4a. An oil reservoir is provided on the bearing surface of this main bearing. More specifically, this oil reservoir is provided at the central portion of the main bearing in the axial direction indicated by the arrow e-e', at least at the lowermost surface of the bearing surface, that is, at a position that includes the maximum shaft load surface.

そしてこの油溜りは、逃げ道がなく図示しな
いクランク軸の油孔から潤滑油が供給され、この
潤滑油を貯留可能としその深さは、比較的浅く形
成される。即ち、この深さを大とすると潤滑油の
流動性が大となり軸受中央部での圧力を得ること
ができない。したがつてこの油溜りの深さは、
比較的浅く形成されるのである。第5図は他の実
施例であつて、この主軸受にも軸方向の中央部
であつて、かつ少なくとも最大軸受荷重面を含む
位置に油溜りが複数個設けられている。かかる
構成による軸受構造において、円周方向に開口す
る油孔を有する回転軸としてのクランク軸を、
このクランク軸が回転したとき油孔の開口
が油溜りを通過するように主軸受で支承す
る。
This oil reservoir has no escape route and is supplied with lubricating oil from an oil hole in the crankshaft (not shown), so that the lubricating oil can be stored and its depth is relatively shallow. That is, if this depth is increased, the fluidity of the lubricating oil increases, making it impossible to obtain pressure at the center of the bearing. Therefore, the depth of this oil pool is
It is formed relatively shallowly. FIG. 5 shows another embodiment, in which the main bearing is also provided with a plurality of oil reservoirs at the axially central portion and at a position that includes at least the maximum bearing load surface. In the bearing structure with such a configuration, the crankshaft as a rotating shaft having an oil hole opening in the circumferential direction is
The crankshaft is supported by a main bearing so that the opening of the oil hole passes through the oil reservoir when the crankshaft rotates.

そして、このクランク軸を回転させると、第
6図a〜cに示すように軸受面に形成される油膜
の圧力は変化する。即ち、クランク軸の油孔
が油溜りと連通したときは、従来例として、第
2図bに示すと同様に主軸受の中央部Aの圧力
は0となり、その両側部Bの油膜圧は高い。そし
て回転が進み油孔の開口が油溜りを通過
し、油孔と油溜りとの連通が遮断されると、
第6図a及びcに示されるように油溜り内に貯
留される潤滑油に圧力が発生する。即ち、主軸受
の中央部Aに比較的小さな圧力が発生し、この
圧力でも軸荷重を受けることとなる。
When the crankshaft is rotated, the pressure of the oil film formed on the bearing surface changes as shown in FIGS. 6a to 6c. In other words, when the oil hole in the crankshaft communicates with the oil reservoir, as in the conventional example, the pressure in the central part A of the main bearing becomes 0, and the oil film pressure on both sides B is high, as shown in Fig. 2b. . As the rotation progresses and the opening of the oil hole passes through the oil sump, communication between the oil hole and the oil sump is cut off.
As shown in FIGS. 6a and 6c, pressure is generated in the lubricating oil stored in the oil sump. That is, a relatively small pressure is generated in the central portion A of the main bearing, and even this pressure is subjected to an axial load.

この圧力変化を横軸に時間をとつて示すと、第
7図のとおりとなる。第7図aは、主軸受の中
央部Aでの圧力変化であり、第7図bは、その両
側部Bでの圧力変化である。なお、この図におい
てtは、油孔の開口が油溜りを通過する点であ
る。この図からも明らかなように、クランク軸
の回転による油膜圧の変化を極めて少なくするこ
とができる。
If this pressure change is plotted against time on the horizontal axis, it will be as shown in FIG. FIG. 7a shows the pressure change at the central portion A of the main bearing, and FIG. 7b shows the pressure change at both sides B of the main bearing. Note that in this figure, t is the point at which the opening of the oil hole passes through the oil reservoir. As is clear from this figure, changes in oil film pressure due to rotation of the crankshaft can be extremely reduced.

この実施例においては、クランク軸と主軸受
との関係について説明したが、本考案は勿論こ
れに限定されるものではなく、例えばクランクピ
ン軸受等回転軸に設けられた油孔から軸受面に潤
滑油を供給するような軸受構造に適用可能なこと
は明らかである。
In this embodiment, the relationship between the crankshaft and the main bearing has been explained, but the present invention is of course not limited to this. It is obvious that the present invention can be applied to bearing structures that supply oil.

(考案の効果) 以上の説明から明らかなように、本考案による
軸受構造によれば軸受面に形成される油膜圧の変
化を極めて少なく押えることができるため、油膜
が破壊することがなく円滑な潤滑作用が得られる
ばかりでなく、軸受面へクラツクが発生する恐れ
もなくなる等の効果がある。
(Effect of the invention) As is clear from the above explanation, the bearing structure according to the invention can minimize changes in the pressure of the oil film formed on the bearing surface. This not only provides a lubricating effect, but also eliminates the risk of cracks occurring on the bearing surface.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図aは、クランク軸及びクランク軸受の軸
に設けた油孔により軸受の給油を行う方法を示す
軸に平行な一部断面図、b,c図はa図のA−
A,B−B断面図、第2図aは、従来の軸受の油
孔通過前の、同bは油孔通過時の、同cは油孔通
過後の軸受表面の油圧分布曲線図(Aは軸の油孔
がある部分,Bはその両側)、第3図aは、A部,
bはB部の油圧変動の時間変化曲線図、第4図a
は、本考案の軸受表面に浅い油溜りをおいた実施
例の平面図、bはa図のc−c断面図、第5図は
同じく他の実施例の平面図、第6図、7図a,b
は、本考案の場合の従来例第2図,3図a,bに
対応する油圧分布曲線図と油圧変動の時間変化曲
線図である。 1……クランク軸、2……クランクピン、3…
…主軸受、4……クランクピン軸受、5……連接
棒、6……軸受給油用の油孔、7……開口、8…
…軸受面、9……曲線、10……主軸受、11…
…油溜り、12……クランク軸、13……油孔、
14……開口。
Figure 1a is a partial cross-sectional view parallel to the crankshaft and the crankshaft, showing a method for lubricating the bearings through oil holes provided in the shaft, and figures b and c are A--A in figure a.
A, B-B sectional view, Figure 2a shows the oil pressure distribution curve on the bearing surface before passing through the oil hole of a conventional bearing, Figure 2b shows it when it passes through the oil hole, and Figure 2c shows the oil pressure distribution curve on the bearing surface after passing through the oil hole. is the part of the shaft where the oil hole is located, B is on both sides), Figure 3a is the part A,
b is a time change curve diagram of oil pressure fluctuation in section B, Fig. 4a
is a plan view of an embodiment in which a shallow oil reservoir is placed on the bearing surface of the present invention, b is a cross-sectional view taken along line c-c in figure a, FIG. 5 is a plan view of another embodiment, and FIGS. 6 and 7. a, b
These are oil pressure distribution curve diagrams and time change curve diagrams of oil pressure fluctuations corresponding to conventional examples FIGS. 2 and 3 a and b in the case of the present invention. 1...Crankshaft, 2...Crank pin, 3...
...Main bearing, 4...Crank pin bearing, 5...Connecting rod, 6...Oil hole for bearing oil supply, 7...Opening, 8...
...Bearing surface, 9...Curve, 10...Main bearing, 11...
...Oil sump, 12...Crankshaft, 13...Oil hole,
14...Opening.

Claims (1)

【実用新案登録請求の範囲】[Scope of utility model registration request] 円周方向に開口する油孔を有する回転軸と、少
なくとも最大軸受荷重面であつて、かつ軸方向の
中央部に浅い油溜りを設けた軸受とよりなり、前
記回転軸が回転時に該回転軸の油孔が前記軸受の
油溜りに継続的に連通するように構成したことを
特徴とする軸受構造。
It consists of a rotating shaft having an oil hole that opens in the circumferential direction, and a bearing that is at least the maximum bearing load surface and has a shallow oil reservoir in the axial center, and when the rotating shaft rotates, the rotating shaft A bearing structure characterized in that the oil hole is configured to continuously communicate with the oil reservoir of the bearing.
JP7501881U 1981-05-23 1981-05-23 Expired JPH029138Y2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7501881U JPH029138Y2 (en) 1981-05-23 1981-05-23

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7501881U JPH029138Y2 (en) 1981-05-23 1981-05-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS57186719U JPS57186719U (en) 1982-11-26
JPH029138Y2 true JPH029138Y2 (en) 1990-03-06

Family

ID=29870766

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP7501881U Expired JPH029138Y2 (en) 1981-05-23 1981-05-23

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH029138Y2 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4513001B2 (en) * 2004-10-29 2010-07-28 大豊工業株式会社 Bearing lubricator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS57186719U (en) 1982-11-26

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