JPH0279862A - Electrostatic image development carrier - Google Patents
Electrostatic image development carrierInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0279862A JPH0279862A JP63233336A JP23333688A JPH0279862A JP H0279862 A JPH0279862 A JP H0279862A JP 63233336 A JP63233336 A JP 63233336A JP 23333688 A JP23333688 A JP 23333688A JP H0279862 A JPH0279862 A JP H0279862A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- carrier
- developer
- solvent
- eluted
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 4
- -1 methylol group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910017518 Cu Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017752 Cu-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017943 Cu—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,4b,5,6,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSNILPMOSNGHLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-methoxy-3-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)phenyl]ethanone Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C(C)=O)C=C1CN1CCCCC1 OSNILPMOSNGHLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFYSUUPKMDJYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(4-methyl-2-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]-3-oxo-n-phenylbutanamide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=O)C(C(=O)C)N=NC1=CC=C(C)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O MFYSUUPKMDJYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-ethylcyclohexyl)propanoic acid 3-(3-ethylcyclopentyl)propanoic acid Chemical class CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)C1.CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)CC1 HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IYHIFXGFKVJNBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-chloro-2-[(2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl]-4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(C)=CC(N=NC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2O)=C1S(O)(=O)=O IYHIFXGFKVJNBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REEFSLKDEDEWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloraniformethan Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(NC(NC=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)C=C1Cl REEFSLKDEDEWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017818 Cu—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018605 Ni—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011354 acetal resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L azure blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[S-]S[S-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QHIWVLPBUQWDMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl prop-2-enoate;methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.COC(=O)C(C)=C.CCCCOC(=O)C=C QHIWVLPBUQWDMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBHZKFOUIUMKHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1982121 Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2C=CC=CC2=C1N=NC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O HBHZKFOUIUMKHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZTQVMXMKVTIRC-UHFFFAOYSA-L chembl2028348 Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC(C)=CC=C1N=NC1=C(O)C(C([O-])=O)=CC2=CC=CC=C12 PZTQVMXMKVTIRC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- PLYDMIIYRWUYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 4-[[2-chloro-4-[3-chloro-4-[(3-ethoxycarbonyl-5-oxo-1-phenyl-4h-pyrazol-4-yl)diazenyl]phenyl]phenyl]diazenyl]-5-oxo-1-phenyl-4h-pyrazole-3-carboxylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=NN(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)C1N=NC(C(=C1)Cl)=CC=C1C(C=C1Cl)=CC=C1N=NC(C(=N1)C(=O)OCC)C(=O)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 PLYDMIIYRWUYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 1
- MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead chromate Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010187 litholrubine BK Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940107698 malachite green Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FDZZZRQASAIRJF-UHFFFAOYSA-M malachite green Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)=C1C=CC(=[N+](C)C)C=C1 FDZZZRQASAIRJF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000007974 melamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cycloheptane Natural products CC1CCCCCC1 GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXKWCBBOMKCUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M methylene blue Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 CXKWCBBOMKCUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000012752 quinoline yellow Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940051201 quinoline yellow Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline yellow Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(C3C(C4=CC=CC=C4C3=O)=O)=CC=C21 IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004172 quinoline yellow Substances 0.000 description 1
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043267 rhodamine b Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001909 styrene-acrylic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013799 ultramarine blue Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/10—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles
- G03G9/113—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles having coatings applied thereto
- G03G9/1132—Macromolecular components of coatings
- G03G9/1137—Macromolecular components of coatings being crosslinked
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Dry Development In Electrophotography (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は電子写真法、静電印刷法等に使用する現像剤用
キャリアに関し、より詳細には高温高湿下においてもブ
ロッキングを発生せず、耐久性及び長期保存性に優れた
現像剤用キャリアに関する。Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a developer carrier used in electrophotography, electrostatic printing, etc., and more specifically, it does not cause blocking even under high temperature and high humidity conditions. , relates to a developer carrier with excellent durability and long-term storage stability.
（従来技術及びその問題点）
二成分現像剤を用いる電子写真法は、結着樹脂樹脂中に
着色剤が分散された着色樹脂粒子であるトナーと磁性キ
ャリアとを混合し、この二成分現像剤を内部に磁石を備
えた現像スリーブ上に供給して、この組成物から成る磁
気ブラシを形成させ、静電潜像を有する光導電性物質か
ら成る感光層にこの磁気ブラシを摺擦せしめることによ
り、トナー像を感光層上に形成させる。トナーは磁性キ
ャリアとの摩擦によって所望の摩擦電荷を所得し、磁気
ブラシ上のトナーが感光層上の静電潜像へ静電気力等に
よって移行して付着し静電潜像の現像が行われる。そし
て、現像によって得られた感光層上のトナー像は転写紙
等の転写材上に転写され、熱または圧力によって転写材
上に定着されて画像形成がなされる。(Prior art and its problems) Electrophotography using a two-component developer mixes toner, which is colored resin particles in which a colorant is dispersed in a binder resin, and a magnetic carrier. A magnetic brush made of this composition is formed by supplying the composition onto a developing sleeve equipped with a magnet therein, and this magnetic brush is rubbed against a photosensitive layer made of a photoconductive material having an electrostatic latent image. , forming a toner image on the photosensitive layer. The toner acquires a desired triboelectric charge by friction with the magnetic carrier, and the toner on the magnetic brush moves and adheres to the electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive layer by electrostatic force, and the electrostatic latent image is developed. The toner image on the photosensitive layer obtained by development is transferred onto a transfer material such as transfer paper, and is fixed onto the transfer material by heat or pressure to form an image.
そして、上記磁性キャリアとしてはトナーのスペントの
防止、電気抵抗の調整、流動性（Ｒ伸性）の付与等のた
めに磁性のコア材を樹脂によって被覆した所謂樹脂被覆
キャリアが一般的になってきている。そして、被覆樹脂
について研究が成され、アクリル系樹脂、ポリエステル
樹脂、シリコーン樹脂等の各種樹脂が使用されている。As the above-mentioned magnetic carrier, so-called resin-coated carriers in which a magnetic core material is coated with resin have become common in order to prevent toner from being spent, adjust electrical resistance, provide fluidity (R-stretchability), etc. ing. Research has been conducted on coating resins, and various resins such as acrylic resins, polyester resins, and silicone resins have been used.
しかしながら従来の樹脂被覆キャリアは未だ耐久性が乏
しいために現像操作の繰り返しとともにコア材より被覆
樹脂が剥がれたり、また樹脂が吸湿性を示すために環境
によってトナー帯電量が変動するという欠点を有してい
る。そこで、特開昭６０−５７３５２号公報、特開昭６
２−２６２０５７号公報にはアクリル系樹脂とメラミン
樹脂を架橋した樹脂成分を用いた樹脂被覆キャリアを用
いることにより、上記欠点を克服することがなされてい
る。However, conventional resin-coated carriers still have drawbacks such as poor durability, which causes the coating resin to peel off from the core material with repeated development operations, and the toner charge amount fluctuates depending on the environment because the resin exhibits hygroscopic properties. ing. Therefore, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 60-57352, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 60-57352,
No. 2-262057 discloses an attempt to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks by using a resin-coated carrier using a resin component obtained by crosslinking an acrylic resin and a melamine resin.
一方、近年においては複写機等の画像形成装置は設置面
積の狭小化にともない小型化がはかられ、またオフィス
用の複写機だけでなく一般の家庭用の複写機が開発され
より一層の小型化がなされている。そして、家庭用の複
写機においてはメンテナンスフリー化のために感光体と
して無害の有機感光体を用い、現像剤が収容された現像
器、クリーニング装置等が感光体とともに一体化された
所謂プロセスユニットが開発され、現像剤或いは感光体
の寿命とともにユーザーが使用済みのプロセスユニット
を廃棄し、新しいプロセスユニットと交換する方法が採
用されている。そして、装置の小型化にともないプロセ
スユニットも極めて小さくなり、現像器中の現像剤収容
部分の容積も非常に狭くなっている。また、長期間の保
存による現像剤にかかる加重や、プロセスユニットにな
ったため複写機への装着時に従来のトナーカートリッジ
にように簡単に振ることができないので、収容される現
像剤にはかなりの圧力がかかったままになり、輸送及び
保存時の温度変化によって現像剤がブロッキングして現
像器内に補給されなくなってしまうという問題点が発生
している。On the other hand, in recent years, image forming devices such as copying machines have become smaller due to the shrinking installation space, and not only office copying machines but also general home copying machines have been developed and have become even more compact. has been changed. In home copying machines, a harmless organic photoreceptor is used as a photoreceptor in order to make it maintenance-free, and a so-called process unit is created in which a developing device containing developer, a cleaning device, etc. are integrated with the photoreceptor. A method has been developed in which a user discards a used process unit and replaces it with a new one as the developer or photoreceptor reaches the end of its lifespan. With the miniaturization of devices, the process unit has also become extremely small, and the volume of the developer accommodating portion in the developing device has also become extremely small. Additionally, due to the load placed on the developer due to long-term storage, and because it is a process unit, it cannot be easily shaken like a conventional toner cartridge when installed in a copier, so the developer contained in it is under considerable pressure. This causes a problem in that the developer is blocked due to temperature changes during transportation and storage, and is no longer replenished into the developing device.
ところが、アクリル系樹脂とメラミン樹脂とを架橋した
樹脂成分を用いて耐久性、耐環境性を向上させた樹脂被
服キャリアを使用しても、ある程度の成果をあげるもの
もあるが性能が安定せず、製造ロフトによっては温度及
び圧力のかかった状態において現像剤がブロッキングし
てしまい、現像スリーブへのトナーの補給性の著しく低
下させたり、たとえ補給されたとしても現像スリーブ上
に正常な磁気ブラシが形成できない場合があった。However, even if resin clothing carriers are used that have improved durability and environmental resistance using a resin component that is a cross-linked combination of acrylic resin and melamine resin, some results are achieved to some extent, but the performance is not stable. Depending on the manufacturing loft, the developer may block under high temperature and pressure conditions, which may significantly reduce the replenishment of toner to the developing sleeve, or even if it is replenished, the normal magnetic brush may not be on the developing sleeve. There were cases where it could not be formed.
本発明は上述する点に鑑みてなされたものであり、本発
明の目的はその耐久性、耐環境性に優れ安定した現像特
性をしめし、容積の小さい容器に長期間保存されてもブ
ロッキングを発生することなく安定した補給性能の得ら
れる現像剤用キャリアを提供することにある。The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and an object of the present invention is to exhibit excellent durability and environmental resistance and stable developing characteristics, and to prevent blocking even when stored in a small volume container for a long period of time. It is an object of the present invention to provide a carrier for a developer that can provide stable replenishment performance without causing any damage.
（問題点を解決するための手段）
本発明によれば、有機溶剤に対する溶出樹脂の割合が樹
脂全体当たり２乃至７％であるアクリル系樹脂とメラミ
ン樹脂とが架橋した被覆樹脂がコア材に被覆された現像
剤用キャリアを用いることにより本発明の目的が達成さ
れる。(Means for Solving the Problems) According to the present invention, a core material is coated with a coating resin in which an acrylic resin and a melamine resin are crosslinked, and the ratio of the eluted resin to the organic solvent is 2 to 7% based on the entire resin. The object of the present invention can be achieved by using a carrier for a developer obtained by the above method.
（作用）
本発明は現像剤用キャリアとして、有機溶剤にへの溶出
樹脂の割合が一定範囲にあるアクリル系樹脂とメラミン
樹脂とを架橋した樹脂成分をコア材に被覆した樹脂被覆
キャリアを用いることを特徴とする。(Function) The present invention uses, as a developer carrier, a resin-coated carrier in which a core material is coated with a resin component made by crosslinking an acrylic resin and a melamine resin, in which the ratio of resin eluted to an organic solvent is within a certain range. It is characterized by
アクリル系樹脂とメラミン樹脂との架橋反応は一般的に
言ってアクリル樹脂の溶解した溶液とメラミン樹脂の溶
解した溶液を混合して、この混合溶液をコア材の表面に
均一にスプレーし、高温雰囲気下で溶剤の除去、乾燥、
硬化反応を進行させることにより行われる。本発明者ら
は前述した問題点を解決するために更に検討を加えたと
ころ、樹脂の使用比、硬化温度、硬化時間を制御しても
製造ロフト毎の不良キャリアの発生を充分に抑えること
はできず、各ロフト毎に製造されたキャリアから一部を
採取し、未架橋のアクリル系重合体を溶解させる溶剤に
よってテトラヒドロフラン等の溶出樹脂の割合を測定し
、溶出樹脂の割合が樹脂全体当たり２乃至７％のものを
使用すると収容容積の狭い現像剤収容容器に高温下、長
期間保存されてもブロッキングを発生することなく良好
な補給性、穂立ち形成性及び流動性が得られることを見
出したのである。Generally speaking, the crosslinking reaction between acrylic resin and melamine resin is carried out by mixing a solution containing dissolved acrylic resin and a solution containing dissolved melamine resin, and spraying this mixed solution uniformly onto the surface of the core material in a high temperature atmosphere. Remove solvent, dry under
This is done by allowing a curing reaction to proceed. The present inventors conducted further studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and found that even if the resin usage ratio, curing temperature, and curing time were controlled, it was not possible to sufficiently suppress the occurrence of defective carriers in each manufacturing loft. However, a portion of the carrier produced for each loft was taken and the proportion of eluted resin such as tetrahydrofuran was measured using a solvent that dissolves the uncrosslinked acrylic polymer. It has been found that when a developer containing 7% to 7% is used, good replenishment properties, spike formation properties, and fluidity can be obtained without causing blocking even when stored for a long period of time at high temperatures in a developer storage container with a narrow storage capacity. It was.
溶出樹脂の割合が上記範囲を越えるものは、ブロッキン
グを発生して現像剤収容部から現像器へ現像剤が落下し
なかったり、また、°たとえ補給されたとしてもスリー
ブ上で正常を磁気ブラシを形成できず、上記範囲よりも
少ない場合は過度の架橋構造のために現像時にトナー帯
電量が上昇しすぎて、画像濃度が低下する。If the ratio of eluted resin exceeds the above range, blocking may occur and the developer may not fall from the developer container to the developer, or even if it is replenished, the magnetic brush may not work normally on the sleeve. If it cannot be formed and the amount is less than the above range, the toner charge amount will increase too much during development due to excessive crosslinking structure, resulting in a decrease in image density.
樹脂被服キャリアの製造方法について説明すると、アク
リル系樹脂とメラミン樹脂のそれぞれの樹脂溶液を作成
する。To explain the method for manufacturing the resin clothing carrier, resin solutions of acrylic resin and melamine resin are prepared.
有機溶剤としては、アクリル系樹脂に対してはトルエン
、キシレン、メチルエチルケトン、テトラヒドロフラン
、トリククロロエタン等の単独或いは二種以上の混合溶
剤が使用される。また、メラミン樹脂に対してはメチル
エチルケトン、キシレン、ｎ−ブタノール、メチルシク
ロヘキサン、等の単独或いは二種以上の混合溶剤が使用
される。As the organic solvent, for acrylic resin, toluene, xylene, methyl ethyl ketone, tetrahydrofuran, trichloroethane, etc. may be used alone or in a mixture of two or more. For melamine resins, methyl ethyl ketone, xylene, n-butanol, methyl cyclohexane, and the like may be used alone or in combination of two or more solvents.
本発明において使用されるアクリル系樹脂は未反応のヒ
ドロキシ基を有するものであり、メラミン樹脂中のアル
コキシ化メチロール基との比が１：１乃至１：１０にな
るように使用する樹脂比を選択して上記溶剤中に溶解さ
せる。The acrylic resin used in the present invention has unreacted hydroxyl groups, and the resin ratio used is selected so that the ratio to the alkoxylated methylol group in the melamine resin is 1:1 to 1:10. and dissolve it in the above solvent.
そして、両液を混合してコア材料表面に均一になるよう
に被覆し、乾燥、焼き付けを行う。Then, both liquids are mixed and coated uniformly on the surface of the core material, dried, and baked.
硬化焼き付けする温度は１００乃至３００″Ｃ１特に１
５０乃至２００°Ｃで反応させることが好ましく、また
硬化時間は適宜選択できるが３０秒〜２時間の間から好
ましい時間を選択して焼き付けを行う。The temperature for hardening and baking is 100 to 300″C1, especially 1
It is preferable to carry out the reaction at 50 to 200°C, and the curing time can be selected as appropriate, but baking is performed by selecting a preferable time from 30 seconds to 2 hours.
本発明に使用されるコア材としては、酸化鉄、還元鉄、
銅、フェライト、ニッケル、コバルト等やこれら亜鉛、
アルミニウム等との合金などが挙げられるが、電気抵抗
の環境及び経時変化が小さく、柔らかい穂の形成できる
フェライト系粒子が好ましい。例えば、Ｚｎ系フェライ
ト、Ｎｉ系フェライト、Ｃｕ系フェライト、Ｍｎ系フェ
ライト、Ｎｉ−Ｚｎ系フェライト、Ｍｎ−Ｍｇ系フェラ
イト、Ｃｕ−Ｍｇ系フェライト、Ｍｎ−Ｚｎ系フェライ
ト、Ｍｎ−Ｃｕ−Ｚｎ系フェライト等が挙げられる。特
に、Ｍｎ−Ｃｕ−Ｚｎ系フェライトが好ましい。これら
コア材の粒径は１０乃至２００μｍ、好ましくは３０乃
至１５０μｍのものが使用され、飽和磁化は３５乃至７
Ｑｅｍｕ／ｇ特に４０乃至６５ｅｍｕ／ｇのものが好ま
しく使用される。The core materials used in the present invention include iron oxide, reduced iron,
Copper, ferrite, nickel, cobalt, etc. and zinc,
Examples include alloys with aluminum and the like, but ferrite particles are preferred because their electrical resistance changes little in the environment and over time and can form soft spikes. For example, Zn ferrite, Ni ferrite, Cu ferrite, Mn ferrite, Ni-Zn ferrite, Mn-Mg ferrite, Cu-Mg ferrite, Mn-Zn ferrite, Mn-Cu-Zn ferrite, etc. can be mentioned. In particular, Mn-Cu-Zn ferrite is preferred. The particle size of these core materials is 10 to 200 μm, preferably 30 to 150 μm, and the saturation magnetization is 35 to 7.
Qemu/g, particularly 40 to 65 emu/g, is preferably used.
そして、コア材に前記アクリル系樹脂にメラミン樹脂が
架橋した樹脂成分を被覆したキャリアの被覆樹脂の被覆
量は適宜選択でき、生成されたキャリアの体積固有抵抗
が一般に１０６乃至１０Ｉ０Ω−ｃｍ、好ましくは１０
７乃至１０９Ω・Ｃｍ（印加電圧１０００Ｖ時）になる
ように作成れさる。The coating amount of the coating resin of the carrier coated with the resin component in which the acrylic resin is crosslinked with the melamine resin on the core material can be selected as appropriate, and the volume resistivity of the produced carrier is generally 106 to 10I0Ω-cm, preferably 10
It is made to have a resistance of 7 to 109 Ω·Cm (at an applied voltage of 1000 V).
そして、上記得られたキャリアはテトラヒドロフラン等
の有機溶剤によって、未架橋のアクリル系重合体を溶出
させる。これによって、溶出樹脂の割合が樹脂全体当た
り２乃至７％の範囲にないものは、被覆及び硬化反応で
不敵があったとして不良キャリアと判断できる。Then, the uncrosslinked acrylic polymer is eluted from the carrier obtained above using an organic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran. Accordingly, carriers in which the ratio of eluted resin is not within the range of 2 to 7% based on the total resin can be determined to be defective carriers, as they are considered to be invincible in coating and curing reactions.
上記キャリアと現像剤を構成するトナーとしては、キャ
リアとの帯電特性及び定着性を考慮して選択された結着
樹脂中に着色剤、電荷制御剤、必要に応じて磁性材料を
分散させた粒径が５乃至３０μｍの樹脂粒子が使用され
る。The toner constituting the above-mentioned carrier and developer is particles in which a colorant, a charge control agent, and, if necessary, a magnetic material are dispersed in a binder resin selected in consideration of charging characteristics and fixing properties with the carrier. Resin particles with a diameter of 5 to 30 μm are used.
結着樹脂としては、ポリスチレン等のビニル芳香族樹脂
、アクリル系樹脂、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂、ポリエ
ステル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂、石油樹脂
、オレフィン樹脂等の一般の熱可塑性樹脂や熱硬化性樹
脂が使用される。As the binder resin, general thermoplastic resins and thermosetting resins such as vinyl aromatic resins such as polystyrene, acrylic resins, polyvinyl acetal resins, polyester resins, epoxy resins, phenol resins, petroleum resins, and olefin resins are used. be done.
着色剤としては、一般にこの分野で使用されている従来
公知の着色剤が使用できるが、特に、カーボンブラック
、ランプブラック、クロムイエロー、ハンザイエロー、
ベンジジンイエロー、スレンイエローＧ、キノリンイエ
ロー、パーマネントオレンジＧＴＲ、ピラゾロンオレン
ジ、パルカンオレンジ、ウオチャングレッド、パーマネ
ントレッド、ブリリアントカーミノ３Ｂ、ブリリアント
カーミン６Ｂ、デュポンオイルレッド、ピラゾロンレッ
ド、リソールレッド、ローダミンＢレーキ、レーキレッ
ドＣ，ローズベンガル、アニリンブルー、ウルトラマリ
ンブルー、カルコオイルブルー、メチレンブルークロラ
イド、フタロシアニンブルー、フタロシアニングリーン
、マラカイトグリーンオフサレート等、またはＣ，１，
５ｏｌｖｅｎｔ Ｙｅｌｌｏｗ６０、Ｃ，１，５ｏｌｖ
ｅｎｔ Ｒｅｄ ２７ 、、 Ｃ，１，５ｏｌｖｅｎｔ
Ｂｌｕｅ ３５等の油溶性染料などが例示される。こ
れらの着色剤は、一種または二種以上混合して用いられ
、また、電荷制御剤もこの分野で使用されるでいる従来
公知の電荷制御剤が使用できるが、例えばニグロシンベ
ース、オイルブラック、スピロンブラック等の油溶性染
料や、ナフテン酸の金属塩や、脂肪酸金属石鹸、樹脂酸
石鹸等を挙げることができる。As the colorant, conventionally known colorants generally used in this field can be used, but in particular, carbon black, lamp black, chrome yellow, Hansa yellow,
Benzidine Yellow, Suren Yellow G, Quinoline Yellow, Permanent Orange GTR, Pyrazolone Orange, Palkan Orange, Watching Red, Permanent Red, Brilliant Carmino 3B, Brilliant Carmine 6B, DuPont Oil Red, Pyrazolone Red, Lysole Red, Rhodamine B Lake , Lake Red C, Rose Bengal, Aniline Blue, Ultramarine Blue, Calco Oil Blue, Methylene Blue Chloride, Phthalocyanine Blue, Phthalocyanine Green, Malachite Green Offsalate, etc., or C, 1,
5olvent Yellow60, C, 1,5olv
ent Red 27,, C,1,5olvent
Examples include oil-soluble dyes such as Blue 35. These colorants may be used singly or as a mixture of two or more.Also, conventionally known charge control agents used in this field can be used, such as nigrosine base, oil black, and spindle. Examples include oil-soluble dyes such as Ronblack, metal salts of naphthenic acid, fatty acid metal soaps, resin acid soaps, and the like.
更に、トナー中に含有される他の添加剤としては、流動
性向上剤、゛定着助剤としてのシリカ、アルミナ等や、
オフセット防止剤として各種ワックス類が挙げられる。Furthermore, other additives contained in the toner include fluidity improvers, silica and alumina as fixing aids,
Various waxes can be mentioned as anti-offset agents.
また、前記キャリアと該トナーが混合された現像剤に外
添剤を添加混合してもよく、これら外添剤としては研磨
剤、流動性向上剤あるいはフィルミング防止剤等の従来
よりこの分野で使用されている外添剤を挙げることかで
きる。例えば、アルミナ、シリカ等の無機系微粉末やシ
リコン樹脂、アクリル系重合体、スチレン−アクリル系
重合体、弗素樹脂等の重合体微粉末が挙げられる。Further, external additives may be added to the developer in which the carrier and the toner are mixed, and these external additives include abrasives, fluidity improvers, and anti-filming agents that have been conventionally used in this field. The external additives used can be mentioned. Examples include inorganic fine powders such as alumina and silica, and fine polymer powders such as silicone resins, acrylic polymers, styrene-acrylic polymers, and fluororesins.
以下、実験例によって本発明を更に詳細に説明する。尚
、本発明がこれによって限定されるものではない。Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail using experimental examples. Note that the present invention is not limited to this.
（実験例）
コア材として、粒径８０μｍのフェライト粒子ヲ用い、
ヒドロキシル基含有アクリルスチレン樹脂溶液とメトキ
シメチル化メラミン樹脂溶液を混合してコア材に吹きつ
け被覆、乾燥し、更に硬化させた後、解砕、分級して樹
脂被覆キャリアを作成した。その際、硬化させる条件を
下記の表に示す様に様々に変更した。(Experimental example) Ferrite particles with a particle size of 80 μm were used as the core material,
A hydroxyl group-containing acrylic styrene resin solution and a methoxymethylated melamine resin solution were mixed, spray-coated onto a core material, dried, further hardened, crushed, and classified to produce a resin-coated carrier. At that time, the curing conditions were variously changed as shown in the table below.
表−１
また、サンプル７として、粒径１２０μｍのフェライト
粒子を用い、以上実施例５と同一条件にて樹脂被覆キャ
リアを作成した。Table 1 In addition, as Sample 7, a resin-coated carrier was created under the same conditions as in Example 5 using ferrite particles with a particle size of 120 μm.
上記生成された樹脂被覆キャリアを各１０ｇづつ秤量し
、ＴＨＦにて未反応の樹脂成分を溶出除去した。10 g of each of the resin-coated carriers produced above was weighed, and unreacted resin components were eluted and removed with THF.
そして、溶出前の被覆樹脂！（Ｘ）及び溶出後の被覆樹
脂量（ｙ）をそれぞれ測定した。And the coating resin before elution! (X) and the amount of coated resin after elution (y) were measured.
これにより溶出樹脂の割合（Ｒ）を以下の計算式によっ
て算出した。Thereby, the ratio (R) of the eluted resin was calculated using the following formula.
また、上記各キャリアについて長期保存性、高温ブロッ
キング性及び実写画像濃度について調査したところ以下
の表の結果をしめした。Furthermore, the long-term storage stability, high-temperature blocking properties, and photographic image density of each of the above-mentioned carriers were investigated, and the results are shown in the table below.
（以下、余白）
表−１
× ・ ・ ・ １． υ１２ｒ−
実験例より、溶出樹脂の割合がブロッキング、長期保存
性、画像特性に大きく影響を与えること、及び特定の溶
出樹脂の割合のものが良好な結果を与えることがわかる
。(Hereafter, blank space) Table-1 × ・ ・ ・ 1. υ12r- From the experimental examples, it can be seen that the ratio of eluted resin greatly affects blocking, long-term storage stability, and image characteristics, and that a specific ratio of eluted resin gives good results.
（発明の効果）
本発明によれば、プロセスユニット等の狭小の現像剤収
容容器に収容される現像剤が現像剤収容容器中でブロッ
キングすることが防止でき、安定した画像形成が行える
。また、耐久性、流動性に優れるため長期間高品質の画
像が得られる。また、現像剤収容容器の縮小化ができ、
梱包時の省スペース化も可能となる。(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the developer contained in a narrow developer storage container such as a process unit from blocking in the developer storage container, and stable image formation can be performed. Furthermore, since it has excellent durability and fluidity, high-quality images can be obtained for a long period of time. In addition, the developer storage container can be downsized,
It also becomes possible to save space during packaging.
Claims (1)
ア剤に被覆したキャリアにおいて、被覆樹脂全体に対し
て、有機溶剤への溶出樹脂の割合が２乃至７％であるこ
とを特徴とする現像剤用キャリア。A developer comprising a carrier coated with a core agent made of a cross-linked resin component of an acrylic resin and a melamine resin, wherein the ratio of the resin eluted to the organic solvent is 2 to 7% of the entire coating resin. career.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63233336A JP2683624B2 (en) | 1988-09-16 | 1988-09-16 | Process unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63233336A JP2683624B2 (en) | 1988-09-16 | 1988-09-16 | Process unit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0279862A true JPH0279862A (en) | 1990-03-20 |
| JP2683624B2 JP2683624B2 (en) | 1997-12-03 |
Family
ID=16953552
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63233336A Expired - Fee Related JP2683624B2 (en) | 1988-09-16 | 1988-09-16 | Process unit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2683624B2 (en) |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6057352A (en) * | 1983-09-07 | 1985-04-03 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Carrier for electrophotographic developer |
| JPS6060659A (en) * | 1983-09-14 | 1985-04-08 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Electrostatic charge image developing carrier |
| JPS62187863A (en) * | 1985-09-30 | 1987-08-17 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | Carrier |
| JPS62262057A (en) * | 1986-05-07 | 1987-11-14 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Resin-coated carrier for electrophotography and its production |
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1988
- 1988-09-16 JP JP63233336A patent/JP2683624B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6057352A (en) * | 1983-09-07 | 1985-04-03 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Carrier for electrophotographic developer |
| JPS6060659A (en) * | 1983-09-14 | 1985-04-08 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Electrostatic charge image developing carrier |
| JPS62187863A (en) * | 1985-09-30 | 1987-08-17 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | Carrier |
| JPS62262057A (en) * | 1986-05-07 | 1987-11-14 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Resin-coated carrier for electrophotography and its production |
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| US5204204A (en) * | 1990-11-30 | 1993-04-20 | Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha | Carrier for developing electrostatic latent image |
| US5212039A (en) * | 1990-11-30 | 1993-05-18 | Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha | Developing method of electrostatic latent images for full color image formation |
| JPH0876416A (en) * | 1994-08-31 | 1996-03-22 | Mita Ind Co Ltd | Binary system developer |
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| US5821023A (en) * | 1996-05-27 | 1998-10-13 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Developer of electrostatic latent image, carrier therefor, method for forming image and image forming apparatus thereby |
| US6001527A (en) * | 1996-12-26 | 1999-12-14 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Electrostatic charge image developer, image formation method and image forming device |
| US6500595B1 (en) | 1999-10-20 | 2002-12-31 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Carrier for electrophotographic developer, method for manufacturing the carrier, and coating liquid for the method |
| US7280787B2 (en) | 2000-09-29 | 2007-10-09 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Image forming apparatus |
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| US10025214B2 (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2018-07-17 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Carrier, developing agent, image forming apparatus, image forming method, replenishment toner, and process cartridge |
| US10444651B2 (en) | 2017-03-17 | 2019-10-15 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Carrier, developer, supplemental developer, image forming apparatus, image forming method, and process cartridge |
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|---|---|
| JP2683624B2 (en) | 1997-12-03 |
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