JPH026889A - Treatment for making fly ash harmless - Google Patents
Treatment for making fly ash harmlessInfo
- Publication number
- JPH026889A JPH026889A JP63158355A JP15835588A JPH026889A JP H026889 A JPH026889 A JP H026889A JP 63158355 A JP63158355 A JP 63158355A JP 15835588 A JP15835588 A JP 15835588A JP H026889 A JPH026889 A JP H026889A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fly ash
- pts
- water
- amt
- fixing agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000834 fixative Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- RMVRSNDYEFQCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophenol Chemical compound SC1=CC=CC=C1 RMVRSNDYEFQCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanethiol Chemical compound CCS DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007824 aliphatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001479 atomic absorption spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydrosulfide Chemical compound [Na+].[SH-] HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
この発明は、都市ごみや産業廃棄物などの焼却プラント
から排ガスとともに排出される灰分、たとえば電気集塵
機で収集された灰分であるＥＰ灰や、バグフィルタで収
集された天分等（この明細書全体を通してこの種の灰分
を「飛灰」と称する）を無害化する処理方法に関するも
のである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application This invention is applicable to ash discharged together with exhaust gas from incineration plants for municipal waste, industrial waste, etc., such as EP ash, which is ash collected by electrostatic precipitators, and bag filters. The present invention relates to a processing method for rendering harmless ash (this type of ash is referred to as "fly ash" throughout this specification) collected in the field.
従来技術およびその聞届点
この種の飛灰の中には人体に有害な重金属類の塩化物が
多量に含まれており、特にカドミウム、鉛、水銀の含有
量は、「有害な産業廃棄物に係る判定基準を定める総理
府令」に定められた溶出基準値を超える傾向がある。Prior art and its findings This type of fly ash contains a large amount of chloride of heavy metals that are harmful to the human body, and the content of cadmium, lead, and mercury in particular is classified as ``hazardous industrial waste.'' There is a tendency to exceed the elution standard value stipulated in the Prime Minister's Office Ordinance Establishing Judgment Criteria for
そのため、最近では、添付第２図に示すように、ＥＰ灰
にセメントと水を添加混合してＥＰ灰を固化する方法（
同図イ）や、ＥＰ灰に含まれる重金属類を酸によって抽
出する方法（同図口）によって、ＥＰ灰を無害化処理す
る例が多くなってきた。Therefore, recently, as shown in attached Figure 2, a method of solidifying EP ash by adding and mixing cement and water to EP ash (
Increasingly, EP ash is being rendered harmless by methods such as (a) in the same figure or by using acid to extract the heavy metals contained in the EP ash (see Figure 2).
しかしながら、これらの処理方法では、添加するセメン
トや抽出した重金属類を固定するための薬剤のコストが
多大なものとなり、さらにこの処理設備の運転維持管理
がはなはだ面倒であった。However, in these treatment methods, the cost of adding cement and chemicals for fixing the extracted heavy metals is considerable, and furthermore, the operation and maintenance of this treatment equipment is extremely troublesome.
特に、加湿・混練時のｐＨが１０以上である高アルカ性
の飛灰を処理対象とする場合には、セメント固化法では
飛灰の性状によってはその無害化効果に限界があり、ま
た酸抽出法ではｐＨを調整するために多大な量の薬剤を
使用する必要があり、処理コストが高くついた。In particular, when treating highly alkaline fly ash with a pH of 10 or higher during humidification and kneading, the cement solidification method has a limited detoxification effect depending on the properties of the fly ash, and acid extraction The method required the use of large amounts of chemicals to adjust the pH, resulting in high processing costs.
この発明は、上記の如き実情に鑑み、飛灰のｐＨおよび
性状に関係なく、必要最小限の薬剤コストによってかつ
簡略な運転維持管理によって効率よ〈実施することがで
きる飛灰の無害化処理方法を提供することを目的とする
。In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention has been devised to provide a method for detoxifying fly ash that can be carried out efficiently with minimal chemical costs and simple operation and maintenance, regardless of the pH and properties of the fly ash. The purpose is to provide
問題点の解決手段
この発明による飛灰の無害化処理方法は、第１図の（イ
）に示すように、飛灰に所要量の水を添加して飛灰を加
湿混練し、さらにＳＲ基を有する化合物よりなる重金属
固定剤を添加して混練することを特徴とする。Means for Solving the Problems The method for detoxifying fly ash according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. It is characterized by adding and kneading a heavy metal fixing agent consisting of a compound having the following.
この発明の好ましい実施態様においては、重金属固定剤
の添加と同時にまたはこれの後で、処理物固化剤を添加
する（第１図（ロ）の飛灰無害化・固化法）。同時添加
の場合には、飛灰の無害化および固化を同時になしうる
。この固化剤としては、セメント、ケイ酸ナトリウム水
溶液（水ガラス）などが挙げられ、これら化合物が単独
でまたは複数の化合物の混合状態で使用される。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solidifying agent for the treated material is added simultaneously with or after the addition of the heavy metal fixing agent (fly ash detoxification/solidification method shown in FIG. 1(b)). When added simultaneously, the fly ash can be rendered harmless and solidified at the same time. Examples of the solidifying agent include cement, aqueous sodium silicate solution (water glass), and these compounds are used alone or in a mixture of a plurality of compounds.
水添加後の飛灰の加湿混練物のｐＨは、３〜１４である
。この発明では、飛灰と水の混練物に、ｐＨ調整などの
前処理を行うことなく、ＳＨ基を有する化合物よりなる
重金属固定剤を添加して混練する。The pH of the humidified mixture of fly ash after addition of water is 3 to 14. In this invention, a heavy metal fixing agent made of a compound having an SH group is added to a mixture of fly ash and water and the mixture is kneaded without performing any pretreatment such as pH adjustment.
ＳＨ基を有する化合物よりなる重金属固定剤としては、
例えばチオフェノールのような芳香族系化合物、例えば
エチルメルカプタン、メタンチオールのような脂肪族系
化合物、さらには例えば硫化水素ナトリウムのような無
機系化合物が挙げられ、これら化合物が単独でまたは複
数の化合物の混合状態で使用される。As a heavy metal fixing agent consisting of a compound having an SH group,
Examples include aromatic compounds such as thiophenol, aliphatic compounds such as ethyl mercaptan and methanethiol, and inorganic compounds such as sodium hydrogen sulfide, and these compounds may be used singly or in combination. used in a mixed state.
第１図（イ）のフローシートにおいて、各添加剤の添加
量は、飛灰１００重量部に対して水１５〜６０重量部お
よび重金属固定剤３〜１５重量部である。また、第１図
（ロ）のフローシートにおいて、各添加剤の添加量は、
飛灰１００重量部に対して水１５〜６０重量部、重金属
固定剤３〜１５重量部および処理物固化剤５〜２０重量
部である。これらの添加量は、飛灰の性状に応じて上記
各範囲において適宜設定される。In the flow sheet of FIG. 1(a), the amounts of each additive added are 15 to 60 parts by weight of water and 3 to 15 parts by weight of the heavy metal fixative per 100 parts by weight of fly ash. In addition, in the flow sheet of Figure 1 (b), the amount of each additive added is as follows:
For 100 parts by weight of fly ash, 15 to 60 parts by weight of water, 3 to 15 parts by weight of a heavy metal fixative, and 5 to 20 parts by weight of a solidifying agent for treated material are used. These addition amounts are appropriately set within each of the above ranges depending on the properties of the fly ash.
重金属固定剤に消臭剤を混合し、この混合物を飛灰の混
線物に添加することもできる。消臭剤の併用によって処
理物からの悪臭の発生を防止することができる。It is also possible to mix the heavy metal fixative with a deodorant and add this mixture to the fly ash mix. By using a deodorizing agent in combination, it is possible to prevent the generation of bad odors from the treated material.
飛灰の混線手段としては、振動式混合機、回転ドラム式
混合機などが用いられる。As a means for mixing fly ash, a vibrating mixer, a rotating drum mixer, etc. are used.
最終的に得られる処理物の含水率は、湿り基準で１５〜
６０％になされる。The moisture content of the final treated material is 15 to 15% on a wet basis.
60%.
発明の効果
この発明によれば、重金属固定剤として、ＳＨ基を有す
る化合物を用いるので、加湿・混練時のｐＨが１０以上
である高アルカ性の飛灰に対しても、ｐＨ調整などの前
処理を行うことなく、飛灰の無害化を行うことができる
。したがって、この方法によれば、従来技術による方法
に比べて、使用される薬剤のコストを大幅に抑えること
ができる。Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, since a compound having an SH group is used as a heavy metal fixing agent, it can be used even for highly alkaline fly ash whose pH is 10 or more during humidification and kneading before pH adjustment. Fly ash can be rendered harmless without any treatment. According to this method, therefore, the cost of the drugs used can be significantly reduced compared to methods according to the prior art.
また、この発明によれば、酸抽出法などの複雑な処理プ
ロセスでなく、加湿・混線、重金属固定剤添加という簡
略なプロセスで飛灰の無害化を行うことができ、運転維
持管理を大幅に簡略化することができる。In addition, according to this invention, fly ash can be rendered harmless through a simple process of humidification, crosstalk, and addition of a heavy metal fixative, rather than complicated treatment processes such as acid extraction, which greatly reduces operation and maintenance costs. It can be simplified.
実 施 例
つぎに、この発明の実施例について図面を基に具体的に
説明する。Embodiments Next, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described based on the drawings.
第１図（イ）のフローシート（飛灰無害化法）にしたが
って、飛灰１００重量部に水６０重量部を添加して飛灰
を加湿混練し、ついで重金属固定剤としてチオフェノー
ル５重量部を添加して混練を続けた。また、第１図（ロ
）のフローシート（飛灰無害化・固化法）にしたがって
、上記第１図（イ）の操作の後で、混練物に処理物固化
剤としてのセメント７．５重量部を添加した。According to the flow sheet (fly ash detoxification method) in Figure 1 (a), 60 parts by weight of water is added to 100 parts by weight of fly ash, the fly ash is humidified and kneaded, and then 5 parts by weight of thiophenol is used as a heavy metal fixative. was added and kneading was continued. In addition, according to the flow sheet (fly ash detoxification/solidification method) in Figure 1 (b), after the operation in Figure 1 (a) above, 7.5 weight of cement as a solidifying agent for the treated material was added to the kneaded product. part was added.
つぎに、飛灰の無害化処理物の重金属溶出試験を行った
。試験方法は、「産業廃棄物に含まれる金属などの検出
方法（昭和４８年２月１７日環境庁告示第１３号）」に
定める方法にしたかって行った。ただし、重金属固定剤
の効果を確認するため、ｐＨを５に設定した。すなわち
、有姿のスラッジと純水（ｐＨ６，３）とを前者が１０
重量体積比で１０％になるように混合し、得られた混合
液（５００１１１以上）を常温常圧でｐＨ５に維持しな
がら６時間連続振とうした。Next, a heavy metal elution test was conducted on the detoxified fly ash. The test method was carried out in accordance with the method stipulated in the ``Method for Detecting Metals Contained in Industrial Waste (Environment Agency Notification No. 13 of February 17, 1971)''. However, in order to confirm the effect of the heavy metal fixative, the pH was set to 5. In other words, the former is 10% pure sludge and pure water (pH 6.3)
They were mixed so that the weight/volume ratio was 10%, and the resulting mixed solution (500111 or more) was continuously shaken for 6 hours while maintaining the pH at 5 at room temperature and normal pressure.
こうして得られた試料液を孔径１ミクロンのグラスファ
イバーフィルターペーパーによって濾過し、得られた濾
液中の重金属（鉛、カドミウム、６ ／ｌｌｉクロム、
亜鉛）をいずれも原子吸光度法によって定量分析した。The sample solution thus obtained was filtered through a glass fiber filter paper with a pore size of 1 micron, and heavy metals (lead, cadmium, 6/lli chromium,
Zinc) was quantitatively analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry.
分析結果をつぎの表に示す。The analysis results are shown in the table below.
この表から明らかなように、溶出重金属の濃度はいずれ
も溶出基準値をクリアしている。As is clear from this table, the concentrations of all eluted heavy metals cleared the elution standard values.
第１図（イ）（ロ）はこの発明による方法を示すフロー
シートである。第２図（イ）（ロ）は従来技術による方
法を示すフローシートである。
以 上
特許出願人 日立造船 株式会社
１、事件の表示
事件との関係FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b) are flow sheets showing the method according to the present invention. FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b) are flow sheets showing a method according to the prior art. Patent applicant: Hitachi Zosen Co., Ltd. 1. Relationship with the indication case
Claims (1)
ＳＨ基を有する化合物よりなる重金属固定剤を添加して
混練することを特徴とする、飛灰の無害化処理方法。A method for detoxifying fly ash, which comprises adding a required amount of water to fly ash, humidifying and kneading the fly ash, and further adding and kneading a heavy metal fixative made of a compound having an SH group.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63158355A JPH026889A (en) | 1988-06-27 | 1988-06-27 | Treatment for making fly ash harmless |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63158355A JPH026889A (en) | 1988-06-27 | 1988-06-27 | Treatment for making fly ash harmless |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH026889A true JPH026889A (en) | 1990-01-11 |
Family
ID=15669852
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63158355A Pending JPH026889A (en) | 1988-06-27 | 1988-06-27 | Treatment for making fly ash harmless |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH026889A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS581637A (en) * | 1981-06-17 | 1983-01-07 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Method and device for labelling side of moving article |
| JPS595358A (en) * | 1982-06-28 | 1984-01-12 | ロ−ベルト・ボツシユ・ゲゼルシヤフト・ミツト・ベシユレンクテル・ハフツング | Control of microcomputer |
| JPS5973091A (en) * | 1982-10-20 | 1984-04-25 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Treatment of ash generated in incinerator from collected dust etc. |
| JPS63111990A (en) * | 1986-10-29 | 1988-05-17 | Nkk Corp | Treatment for stabilizing heavy metals in flying cinder of refuse incineration |
| JPH01218672A (en) * | 1988-02-29 | 1989-08-31 | Nkk Corp | Method for treating alkali-containing fly ash |
-
1988
- 1988-06-27 JP JP63158355A patent/JPH026889A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS581637A (en) * | 1981-06-17 | 1983-01-07 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Method and device for labelling side of moving article |
| JPS595358A (en) * | 1982-06-28 | 1984-01-12 | ロ−ベルト・ボツシユ・ゲゼルシヤフト・ミツト・ベシユレンクテル・ハフツング | Control of microcomputer |
| JPS5973091A (en) * | 1982-10-20 | 1984-04-25 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Treatment of ash generated in incinerator from collected dust etc. |
| JPS63111990A (en) * | 1986-10-29 | 1988-05-17 | Nkk Corp | Treatment for stabilizing heavy metals in flying cinder of refuse incineration |
| JPH01218672A (en) * | 1988-02-29 | 1989-08-31 | Nkk Corp | Method for treating alkali-containing fly ash |
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