JPH0267467A - Operating method for hydraulic machine - Google Patents
Operating method for hydraulic machineInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0267467A JPH0267467A JP63217611A JP21761188A JPH0267467A JP H0267467 A JPH0267467 A JP H0267467A JP 63217611 A JP63217611 A JP 63217611A JP 21761188 A JP21761188 A JP 21761188A JP H0267467 A JPH0267467 A JP H0267467A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- air supply
- arithmetic
- hydraulic machine
- air
- feed valve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007562 laser obscuration time method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Landscapes
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
- Control Of Water Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の目的〕
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、水車、ポンプ、ポンプ水車等の水力機械を、
設計点から大きく外れた運転点においても安定して運転
制御できるようにした水力機械の運転方法に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Objective of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention is directed to the use of hydraulic machines such as water turbines, pumps, and pump water turbines.
The present invention relates to a method of operating a hydraulic machine that enables stable operation control even at operating points that deviate significantly from the design point.
（従来の技術）
水車、ポンプ、ポンプ水車等の水力機械では、設計点付
近では流れが比較的安定しているため水圧脈動などは小
さく、振動や騒音の少ない運転が可能であるが、設計点
から外れた部分負荷運転や部分流量運転、あるいは起動
・停止時、負荷遮断や入力遮断などの過渡時には水流が
乱れ、過大な振動や騒音が発生して機器の損傷を招くお
それがある。(Conventional technology) In hydraulic machines such as water turbines, pumps, and pump-turbines, the flow is relatively stable near the design point, so water pressure pulsations are small, and operation with little vibration and noise is possible. During partial load operation or partial flow operation that deviates from the specified conditions, or during transitions such as startup/stop, load cutoff, input cutoff, etc., the water flow may be disturbed, causing excessive vibration and noise, which may cause damage to the equipment.
このような水流の乱れを抑制する方法としては水車など
の水力機械の吸出し管内壁に複数個のフィンを設置した
り、吸出し管内に空気を供給する方法が知られている。Known methods for suppressing such disturbances in water flow include installing a plurality of fins on the inner wall of a suction pipe of a hydraulic machine such as a water wheel, and supplying air into the suction pipe.
しかしながら、フィンを設置する方法では、フィンがキ
ャビテーション損傷を受けるおそれがあり、長期的に利
用できないという欠点がある。However, the method of installing fins has the disadvantage that the fins may suffer cavitation damage and cannot be used for a long period of time.
また、吸出し管内に空気を供給する方法においては、給
気ルート上の給気弁を流量調節用のガイドベーン開度で
制御する方式が採られているが、落差が変動したような
場合には、給気が必要でないのに給気をしたり、また逆
に、給気が必要なのに給気をしなかったりといったこと
がしばしば発生し、効果的に制御することができないと
いう問題点があった。In addition, in the method of supplying air into the suction pipe, a method is adopted in which the air supply valve on the air supply route is controlled by the opening of a guide vane for flow rate adjustment, but if the head fluctuates, However, there were problems in that air was not supplied even though it was not needed, or air was not supplied even though it was needed, and it was not possible to effectively control the situation. .
また最近は、保護監視面から異常監視装置を設置する構
想が見受けられるが、これは振動や温度などを監視し、
これらの値が予め設定した規定値を越えた場合に警報を
発したり、機器を停止させるとともに記録をとるように
構成したもので、異常の監視が目的となっており、停止
Ｆ以外の運転制御と連動しているものは見当たらない。In addition, recently there have been plans to install abnormality monitoring devices from a protection monitoring perspective, which monitor vibrations, temperature, etc.
It is configured to issue an alarm, stop the equipment, and keep records if these values exceed preset values.The purpose is to monitor abnormalities, and it is used to control operations other than stop F. I can't find anything that is related to this.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
上述のように、従来の運転方法においては、水力機械を
広い運転範囲にわたって安定して運転制御することがで
きなかった。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As described above, in the conventional operating method, it has not been possible to stably control the operation of a hydraulic machine over a wide operating range.
本発明はこのような課題を解決すべくなされたもので、
部分負荷運転や部分流量運転、あるいは起動・停止時、
負荷遮断や入力遮断などの過渡時においても安定して運
転制御を行うことのできる水力機械の運転方法を提供す
ることを目的とするものである。The present invention was made to solve such problems,
During partial load operation, partial flow operation, or starting/stopping,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for operating a hydraulic machine that can perform stable operation control even during transient times such as load cutoff and input cutoff.
（課題を解決するための手段）
本発明の水力機械の運転方法は水車、ポンプ、ポンプ水
車等の水力機械の所定の部位に振動センサーを取付け、
この水力機械の流路内に給気を供給する給気管の途中に
給気弁を設置し、前記振動センサーの検出信号を演算制
御装置に伝達し、この演算制御装置からの制御信号を給
気弁制御装置に入力することによって前記給気弁を開閉
制御する水力機械において、前記振動センサーの検出値
が予め設定した振動値を越えた場合、前記演算制御装置
から給気弁開指令を伝達して給気弁を開口させ、タイマ
ーによって定まる規定時間中、前８己水力機械流路内に
給気を継続した後、前記給気弁を閉口′させ、その後再
び前記振動センサーからの信号による監視を継続し、前
記振動センサーの検出値が再び予め設定した振動値を越
えた場合、前記と同様に、前記演算制御装置から給気弁
開指令を伝達し、タイマーによって定まる時間中、前記
水力機械流路内に給気を行うようにしたことを特徴とす
るものである。(Means for Solving the Problems) A method for operating a hydraulic machine according to the present invention includes attaching a vibration sensor to a predetermined part of a hydraulic machine such as a water wheel, a pump, or a pump-turbine.
An air supply valve is installed in the middle of an air supply pipe that supplies air into the flow path of this hydraulic machine, and the detection signal of the vibration sensor is transmitted to an arithmetic and control device, and the control signal from this arithmetic and control device is transmitted to the air supply pipe. In a hydraulic machine that controls the opening and closing of the air supply valve by inputting it to a valve control device, when the detected value of the vibration sensor exceeds a preset vibration value, the arithmetic and control device transmits an air supply valve opening command. After opening the air supply valve and continuing supplying air into the hydraulic mechanical flow path for a specified time determined by a timer, the air supply valve is closed and then monitored again by the signal from the vibration sensor. If the detection value of the vibration sensor exceeds the preset vibration value again, the arithmetic and control unit transmits an air supply valve opening command, and the hydraulic machine is operated for a time determined by the timer, in the same way as above. This is characterized in that air is supplied into the flow path.
（作 用）
上述のように構成した本発明の水力機械の運転方法にお
いては、水力機械の運転状態を代表する部位の振動を振
動センサーによって検出し、この信号を演算制御装置に
伝達し、前記振動センサーの検出信号が予め設定した信
号値を越えた時は、給気弁制御装置に給気弁開指令を伝
達する。(Function) In the method for operating a hydraulic machine of the present invention configured as described above, the vibration sensor detects the vibration of a part representative of the operating state of the hydraulic machine, transmits this signal to the arithmetic and control device, and When the detection signal of the vibration sensor exceeds a preset signal value, an intake valve opening command is transmitted to the intake valve control device.
これによって、水力機械の所定の流路内に空気を注入す
る。この空気注入は規定時間継続され、その後、自動的
に中止される。This injects air into a predetermined flow path of the hydraulic machine. This air injection continues for a specified period of time and is then automatically stopped.
（実施例） 以下、図面を参照して本発明の詳細な説明する。(Example) Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本発明方法を水力機械の代表例であるプロペラ
形水車に適用した例を示すもので、水圧鉄管（図示せず
）に連通ずる導水用ケーシング１内の水はガイドベーン
２を介して流量を調整された後、水車流路３内に導入さ
れる。水車流路３内に配置されたランナベーン４は主軸
５の周囲に取り付けられており、水車流路３内を流下す
る水流によって回転し、主軸５に接続された発電機（図
示せず）を駆動する。水車流路３内を流下した水は吸出
し管６を通して放水路（図示せず）に排出される。FIG. 1 shows an example in which the method of the present invention is applied to a propeller-type water turbine, which is a typical example of hydraulic machinery. Water in a water guiding casing 1 that communicates with a penstock (not shown) is passed through a guide vane 2. After adjusting the flow rate, the water is introduced into the water turbine channel 3. Runner vanes 4 arranged inside the water turbine flow path 3 are attached around the main shaft 5, and are rotated by the water flow flowing down inside the water turbine flow path 3, driving a generator (not shown) connected to the main shaft 5. do. The water flowing down in the water turbine channel 3 is discharged to a discharge channel (not shown) through the suction pipe 6.
ランナベーン４の上方の流路壁７に設けた給気孔８には
給気管９が接続されている。この給気管９の途中に介挿
された給気弁１０は給気弁制御装置１１によって開度を
制御され、コンプレッサー等からなる空気供給装置（図
示せず）からの給気を制御する。An air supply pipe 9 is connected to an air supply hole 8 provided in the flow path wall 7 above the runner vane 4 . The opening degree of the air supply valve 10 inserted in the middle of the air supply pipe 9 is controlled by an air supply valve control device 11 to control the air supply from an air supply device (not shown) such as a compressor.
吸出し管６の上方の流路壁にも給気孔１２が設けられて
おり、そこには給気管１３が接続されている。この給気
管１３に介挿された給気弁１４は給気弁制御装置１５に
よって制御され、空気供給装置（図示せず）からの給気
を制御する。An air supply hole 12 is also provided in the channel wall above the suction pipe 6, and an air supply pipe 13 is connected thereto. The air supply valve 14 inserted into the air supply pipe 13 is controlled by an air supply valve control device 15 to control air supply from an air supply device (not shown).
給気弁制御装置１１．１５は演算制御装置（図示せず）
に接続され、空気供給装置（図示せず）からの給気量と
給気時間を制御する。The air supply valve control device 11.15 is an arithmetic control device (not shown)
and controls the amount and time of air supply from an air supply device (not shown).
ガイドベーン２の支持などをする構造物の上カバー１６
には、その振動を検出する振動センサー１７が取付けら
れている。吸出し管６の一部を構成する上部吸出し管に
も、そこの振動を検出する振動センサー１８が取付けら
れている。また、主軸５にも、その輔振れ値を検出する
振動センサー１９が取付けられている。これらの振動セ
ンサー１７．１８．１９の出力も演算制御装置（図示せ
ず）に人力されている。Upper cover 16 of the structure that supports the guide vane 2, etc.
A vibration sensor 17 is attached to detect the vibration. A vibration sensor 18 is also attached to the upper suction pipe that constitutes a part of the suction pipe 6 to detect vibration there. A vibration sensor 19 is also attached to the main shaft 5 to detect the vibration value thereof. The outputs of these vibration sensors 17, 18, and 19 are also manually input to an arithmetic and control device (not shown).
第２図は振動センサー１７，１８．１９と、演算制御装
置２０（第１図中には図示せず）と、給気弁制御装置１
１．１５の信号伝達系を示す。FIG. 2 shows vibration sensors 17, 18, 19, arithmetic control device 20 (not shown in FIG. 1), and air supply valve control device 1.
1.15 signal transmission system is shown.
上述のように構成した水力機械において、水車の発電運
転中、振動センサー１７，１８．１９の全部、あるいは
いずれか一つまたは二つの組合わせによって水車の振動
を検出する。この検出信号を演算制御装置２０にて監視
するが、その際、振動センサー１７．１８．１９からの
信号が予め演算制御装置２０内のメモリに記憶されてい
る規定値を越えた場合には、この演算制御装置から給気
弁制御装置１１．１５のいずれか一方または双方に給気
弁開指令を伝達する。これによって給気弁１０．１４の
いずれか一方または双方が開き、水車流路内へ給気を開
始する。In the hydraulic machine configured as described above, vibrations of the water turbine are detected by all of the vibration sensors 17, 18, 19, or a combination of one or two of the vibration sensors 17, 18, and 19 during power generation operation of the water turbine. This detection signal is monitored by the arithmetic and control unit 20, and at that time, if the signal from the vibration sensor 17, 18, or 19 exceeds a specified value that is stored in advance in the memory in the arithmetic and control unit 20, An air intake valve opening command is transmitted from this arithmetic and control device to one or both of the air intake valve control devices 11 and 15. This opens one or both of the air supply valves 10.14 and begins supplying air into the water turbine flow path.
この開指令の発令と同時に演算制御装置２０内のタイマ
ー（図示せず）が作動し、予め設定された時間中、開指
令を継続し、この設定時間の経過後、演算制御装置２０
から給気弁閉指令が給気弁制御装置１１．１５に向けて
出力される。これによって、給気弁１０，１４が閉じ、
給気を停止する。その後、再び演算制御装置２０によっ
て振動センサー１７，１８．１９からの信号を監視し、
以下この動作を反復する。Simultaneously with the issuance of this open command, a timer (not shown) in the arithmetic and control device 20 operates, and continues to issue the open command for a preset time.
An intake valve closing command is output from the intake valve controller 11.15 to the intake valve control device 11.15. This closes the air supply valves 10 and 14,
Stop air supply. After that, the signals from the vibration sensors 17, 18, and 19 are monitored again by the arithmetic and control unit 20,
This operation is repeated below.
第３図は上記給気弁の作動を説明するもので、横軸は時
１ｕ１を示しており、振動センサー１７゜１８．１９が
、時点Ａにおいて、規定値を越える振動を検出すると、
演算制御装置２０からの給気弁開指令により給気弁１０
，１４は開動作し、タイマーにより予め設定された規定
時間ＴＯ中、給気を継続し、規定時間経過後のＢ時点で
、演算制御装置２０からの給気弁閉指令により給気弁１
０゜１４を閉動作させる。その後、再び監視状態に戻り
、振動センサーが再び規定値を越える振動を検出すると
、上記と同様の動作を反復する。FIG. 3 explains the operation of the air supply valve, and the horizontal axis indicates time 1u1. When the vibration sensor 17°18.19 detects vibration exceeding the specified value at time A,
The air intake valve 10 is opened by the air intake valve opening command from the arithmetic and control unit 20.
, 14 opens and continues supplying air for a specified time TO set in advance by a timer, and at point B after the specified time has passed, the air supply valve 1 is closed by an air supply valve closing command from the arithmetic and control unit 20.
0°14 is operated to close. Thereafter, the system returns to the monitoring state, and when the vibration sensor detects vibration exceeding the specified value again, the same operation as described above is repeated.
なお、給気時間の設定は、運転モードすなわち起動、停
止、電源喪失時のような過渡時と、通常運転時に分ける
ことができ、例えば過渡時には１〜５分、通常運転時に
は３０分程度に設定しておけば、給気の無駄は著しく低
減する。The air supply time setting can be divided into operation modes, that is, transient times such as startup, stop, and power loss, and normal operation.For example, it is set to 1 to 5 minutes during transient times, and about 30 minutes during normal operation. If you do so, the waste of air supply will be significantly reduced.
上述のように、本発明においては、水力機械の運転状態
を表現する機器の振動を直接監視し、異常振動が発生し
た場合には直ちに給気を開始して振動を抑制し、機器を
停止させることなく安定な運転を継続することができる
。しかも給気時間はタイマーにより予め設定された時間
Ｔｏを経過した後、自動的に停止されるので、必要時間
以上に亙って無駄な給気を続けることがなく、しかも給
気の停止によって再び異常振動が開始すると、再度給気
が開始されるので、機器を安定して運転することができ
る。As described above, the present invention directly monitors the vibrations of the equipment that represents the operating status of the hydraulic machine, and if abnormal vibrations occur, immediately starts supplying air to suppress the vibrations and stop the equipment. It is possible to continue stable operation without any problems. Moreover, the air supply time is automatically stopped after the time To set in advance by the timer has elapsed, so there is no need to continue wasteful air supply for more than the necessary time, and what is more, when the air supply is stopped, it will not restart again. When abnormal vibrations start, air supply is restarted, allowing stable operation of the equipment.
また、通常の運転範囲は勿論のこと、例えば起動・停止
時に通過する不安定な運転領域や、負荷遮断などの過渡
運転においても給気時間を調節する等、効果的な給気を
行うことにより、安定な過渡運転を行うことができる。In addition, effective air supply can be achieved by adjusting the air supply time, not only in normal operating ranges, but also in unstable operating ranges during startup and shutdown, and during transient operations such as load shedding. , stable transient operation can be performed.
また、給気しても振動が減少しない場合には、機器を停
止させることによって長時間に亙る異常運転の継続を予
防することができる。Further, if the vibrations do not decrease even after air is supplied, it is possible to prevent abnormal operation from continuing for a long time by stopping the equipment.
なお、以上の説明では、プロペラ形水車を例にとって説
明したが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、フ
ランシス形の水車やポンプあるいはポンプ水車などの各
種の水力機械においても同様に適用することができる。Although the above explanation has been made using a propeller-type water turbine as an example, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be similarly applied to various hydraulic machines such as a Francis-type water turbine, a pump, or a pump-turbine. be able to.
また、振動センサーの設置位置や個数も上記に限定され
るものではなく、適宜変更してもよい。Further, the installation positions and the number of vibration sensors are not limited to the above, and may be changed as appropriate.
上述のように、本発明においては、水力機械の運転状態
を示す振動を監視することにより、機器の運転状態に応
じて必要時に所定時間、水力機械流路内に給気するよう
にしたので、機器の異常振動を合理的に抑制し、水力機
械の安定な運転を図ることができる。As described above, in the present invention, air is supplied into the hydraulic machine flow path for a predetermined time when necessary according to the operating state of the equipment by monitoring vibrations that indicate the operating state of the hydraulic machine. It is possible to rationally suppress abnormal vibrations of equipment and ensure stable operation of hydraulic machinery.
図である。It is a diagram.
１・・・導水用ケーシング、２・・・ガイドベーン３・
・・水車流路、４・・・ランナベーン、５・・・主軸、
６・・・吸出し管、７・・・流路壁、８．１２・・・給
気孔、９．１３・・・給気管、１０．１４・・・給気弁
、１１．１５・・・給気弁制御装置、１６・・・上カバ
ー１７．１８．１９・・・振動センサー、２０・・・演
算制御装置。1... Water guide casing, 2... Guide vane 3.
...Water turbine flow path, 4...Runner vane, 5...Main shaft,
6... Suction pipe, 7... Channel wall, 8.12... Air supply hole, 9.13... Air supply pipe, 10.14... Air supply valve, 11.15... Supply Air valve control device, 16...Top cover 17.18.19...Vibration sensor, 20...Arithmetic control device.
Claims (1)
振動センサーを取付け、この水力機械の流路内に給気を
供給する給気管の途中に給気弁を設置し、前記振動セン
サーの検出信号を演算制御装置に伝達し、この演算制御
装置からの制御信号を給気弁制御装置に入力することに
よって前記給気弁を開閉制御する水力機械において、前
記振動センサーの検出値が予め設定した振動値を越えた
場合、前記演算制御装置から給気弁開指令を伝達して給
気弁を開口させ、タイマーによって定まる規定時間中、
前記水力機械流路内に給気を継続した後、前記給気弁を
閉口させ、その後再び前記振動センサーからの信号によ
る監視を継続して前記振動センサーの検出値が再び予め
設定した振動値を越えた場合、前記と同様に、前記演算
制御装置から給気弁開指令を伝達し、タイマーによって
定まる時間中、前記水力機械流路内に給気を行うことを
特徴とする水力機械の運転方法。A vibration sensor is attached to a predetermined part of a hydraulic machine such as a water turbine, a pump, or a pump-turbine, and an air supply valve is installed in the middle of an air supply pipe that supplies air into the flow path of this hydraulic machine, and the vibration sensor detects the vibration sensor. In a hydraulic machine that controls opening and closing of the air supply valve by transmitting a signal to an arithmetic and control device and inputting a control signal from the arithmetic and control device to an air supply valve control device, the detection value of the vibration sensor is set in advance. If the vibration value exceeds the vibration value, the arithmetic and control unit transmits an air intake valve opening command to open the air intake valve, and the air intake valve is opened for a specified time determined by a timer.
After continuing to supply air into the hydromechanical flow path, the air supply valve is closed, and monitoring based on the signal from the vibration sensor is continued again, so that the detection value of the vibration sensor returns to the preset vibration value again. A method for operating a hydraulic machine, which comprises transmitting an air supply valve opening command from the arithmetic and control unit and supplying air into the hydraulic machine flow path for a time determined by a timer, in the same way as described above. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63217611A JPH0267467A (en) | 1988-08-31 | 1988-08-31 | Operating method for hydraulic machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63217611A JPH0267467A (en) | 1988-08-31 | 1988-08-31 | Operating method for hydraulic machine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0267467A true JPH0267467A (en) | 1990-03-07 |
Family
ID=16707005
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63217611A Pending JPH0267467A (en) | 1988-08-31 | 1988-08-31 | Operating method for hydraulic machine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0267467A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7802960B2 (en) * | 2004-10-18 | 2010-09-28 | Troms Kraft Produksjon As | Device and method for suction pipe |
-
1988
- 1988-08-31 JP JP63217611A patent/JPH0267467A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7802960B2 (en) * | 2004-10-18 | 2010-09-28 | Troms Kraft Produksjon As | Device and method for suction pipe |
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