JPH0248127B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0248127B2 JPH0248127B2 JP59187035A JP18703584A JPH0248127B2 JP H0248127 B2 JPH0248127 B2 JP H0248127B2 JP 59187035 A JP59187035 A JP 59187035A JP 18703584 A JP18703584 A JP 18703584A JP H0248127 B2 JPH0248127 B2 JP H0248127B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- axial direction
- magnetic
- coil
- ferromagnetic material
- portions
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101700004678 SLIT3 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100027339 Slit homolog 3 protein Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
- H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
- H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
- H01F2007/1692—Electromagnets or actuators with two coils
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnets (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は、ヨークに巻回されているコイルを励
磁して生じる電磁力によつてヨークと磁気結合さ
れる移動体を移動可能とする電磁石に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electromagnet that enables a movable body magnetically coupled to a yoke to be moved by an electromagnetic force generated by exciting a coil wound around the yoke.
背景技術
ヨークに巻回されコイルを励磁し、ヨークと移
動体であるプランジヤの間隙内での磁束を利用し
て、力の形で出力を出しプランジヤを移動可能と
するプランジヤや形電磁石は広く知られている。
この電磁石の性能を評価する指標として、効率、
電磁力、応答性がある。消費電力に対する電磁力
で定義される効率は、ジユール損失を下げること
によつて高くなる。また電磁力は磁性材料から成
る電磁石の寸法と材質に依存する。可動鉄心であ
るプランジヤのコアの断面積を大きくするほど磁
束を多く通すことができるので電磁力は大きくな
り、また飽和磁束密度の高い磁性材料ほど磁束の
飽和する点が高くなり大きな電磁力を得ることが
できる。電磁石の応答性とはプランジヤの時間的
応答性を意味し、瞬時に大きな電流を流し、速や
かに電磁力を立上げると高い応答性が得られるこ
とが知られているつまり大きな磁束を瞬時に誘起
することによつて高い応答性を得ることができ
る。しかし、大きな磁束を短い時間で発生させる
と、プランジヤに大きなうず電流が誘導され、そ
の分電磁力の生成が妨げられ、応答性を高めるこ
とができなくなる。つまり、入力れた電気気エネ
ルギーが有効に運動エネルギーに変換されず、う
ず電流による熱エネルギーとなると高速性が阻害
される。BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY Plungers and shaped electromagnets are widely known, which excite a coil wound around a yoke and utilize the magnetic flux within the gap between the yoke and the plunger, which is a moving body, to generate an output in the form of force and enable the plunger to move. It is being
Efficiency,
It has electromagnetic force and responsiveness. Efficiency, defined as electromagnetic force versus power consumption, is increased by lowering the Joule loss. The electromagnetic force also depends on the dimensions and material of the electromagnet made of magnetic material. The larger the cross-sectional area of the plunger core, which is the movable iron core, the more magnetic flux can pass through it, which increases the electromagnetic force, and the higher the saturation magnetic flux density of the magnetic material, the higher the point at which the magnetic flux saturates, resulting in a larger electromagnetic force. be able to. The responsiveness of an electromagnet refers to the temporal responsiveness of a plunger, and it is known that high responsiveness can be obtained by instantaneously flowing a large current and quickly building up electromagnetic force.In other words, a large magnetic flux is instantly induced. By doing so, high responsiveness can be obtained. However, if a large magnetic flux is generated in a short period of time, a large eddy current is induced in the plunger, which hinders the generation of electromagnetic force, making it impossible to improve responsiveness. In other words, input electrical energy is not effectively converted into kinetic energy, and when it becomes thermal energy due to eddy currents, high speed performance is hindered.
発明が解決しようとする問題点
うず電流の大きさは、磁束の時間変化率と、プ
ランジヤを形成する磁性材料の比抵抗の逆数に比
例する。比抵抗の高い磁性材料を使用すれば、う
ず電流が小さくなつて応答性を高めることができ
ることになる。しかし磁性材料の比抵抗の大きさ
には限界があり、充分な大きさの比抵抗を有する
磁性材料は存在せず、したがつてうず電流を小さ
くすることができない。圧粉鉄心のような比較的
比抵抗の大きな磁性材料が実現されているが、飽
和磁束密度が小さいため、定められた寸法で充分
な電磁力を得ることができない。つまり、充分な
電磁力Ｆをうるためには重量ｍが大きくなり、加
速度Ｆ／ｍはかえつて低下するので応答性を高め
ることができない。うず電流を小さくする先行方
法の方法として、電流の流れる断面積を小さくし
て電気抵抗を大きくするために、けい素鋼板を積
層して実現されているものがあるが、けい素鋼板
を軸に平行な方向に積層してプランジヤを構成す
るのは、加工が難しいということが構造上外力に
対して、脆弱で破壊しやすいなどの欠点を有す
る。また電磁石の寸法（具体的にはプランジヤ断
面積）を大きくすれば、大きな電磁力Ｆを得るこ
とができるが、質量ｍも大きくなるので加速度
（Ｆ／ｍ）を大きくすることができない。したが
つて従来技術では瞬時に大きな加速度を得ること
が難しく、上述のような電磁石を構造部品とする
装置の能力向上を制限している。Problems to be Solved by the Invention The magnitude of eddy current is proportional to the time rate of change of magnetic flux and the reciprocal of the resistivity of the magnetic material forming the plunger. If a magnetic material with high resistivity is used, eddy current will be reduced and responsiveness will be improved. However, there is a limit to the specific resistance of a magnetic material, and there is no magnetic material that has a sufficiently large specific resistance, so it is not possible to reduce the eddy current. Magnetic materials with relatively high resistivity, such as dust cores, have been realized, but because of their low saturation magnetic flux density, it is not possible to obtain sufficient electromagnetic force with specified dimensions. That is, in order to obtain a sufficient electromagnetic force F, the weight m becomes large, and the acceleration F/m decreases, making it impossible to improve responsiveness. Previous methods to reduce eddy currents include laminating silicon steel sheets in order to reduce the cross-sectional area through which the current flows and increase electrical resistance. Constructing a plunger by laminating them in parallel directions has the disadvantage that it is difficult to process and is structurally fragile and easily broken by external forces. Further, if the dimensions of the electromagnet (specifically, the plunger cross-sectional area) are increased, a large electromagnetic force F can be obtained, but the mass m also becomes large, making it impossible to increase the acceleration (F/m). Therefore, with the prior art, it is difficult to instantaneously obtain a large acceleration, which limits the ability to improve the performance of devices using electromagnets as structural components as described above.
本発明の目的は、応答性が高く、瞬時に大きな
電磁力を得ることができる堅牢な電磁石を提供す
ることである。 An object of the present invention is to provide a robust electromagnet that has high responsiveness and can instantaneously obtain a large electromagnetic force.
問題点を解決するための手段
本発明は、
(a) 移動体２であつて、
(a1) 筒部２ａと、その筒部２ａを支持する端板
部２ｂ，２ｃと、端板部２ｂ，２ｃから軸線
方向外方に突出して設けられる軸部２ｄとを
有し、
(a2) 筒部２ａは、
非磁性材料から成る第１非磁性材料部２ｅ
〜２ｇと、
これらの第１非磁性材料部２ｅ〜２ｇの相
互間に介在され、強磁性材料から成る第１強
磁性材料部とを有する、そのような移動体２
と、
(b) 固定体３であつて、
(b1) 筒体２ａを外囲する筒体２１と、筒体２１
の外周に筒体２１の軸線方向に間隔をあけて
巻回されるコイル１０〜１３と、
(b2) 各コイル１０〜１３の端部と外周部とをそ
れぞれ取り囲み、強磁性材料から成るコイル
枠１４〜１７と、
(b3) コイル枠１４〜１７の相互間にそれぞれ介
在され、非磁性材料から成る磁気遮蔽板１８
〜２０とを有し、
(b4) 筒体２１は、
非磁性材料から成り、各コイル１０〜１３
によつて外囲され、かつ各コイル１０〜１３
の軸線方向の長さよりも短い第２非磁性材料
部２１ａ〜２１ｄと、
これらの第２非磁性材料部２１ａ〜２１ｄ
の相互間に介在され、強磁性材料から成り、
コイル枠１０〜１３の半径方向内方端に連な
る第２強磁性材料部とを有し、
第２非磁性材料部２１ａ〜２１ｄの両端部
ａ１，ａ２は、対応する各コイル１０〜１３
の端部１０ａよりも軸線方向内方にあり、
移動体２の第１非磁性材料部２ｅ〜２ｇの
一端部ｅ１は、移動体２の軸線方向移動範囲
の第１位置と第２位置とにおいて、第２非磁
性材料部２１ａ〜２１ｄの一方端部ａ１の軸
線方向左右にそれぞれあり、これによつて第
１強磁性材料部と第２強磁性材料部とが軸線
方向に離れ、または軸線方向に重なる、その
ような固定体３と、
(c) 固定体３に固定され、軸部２ｄ，３６を、そ
の軸線方向に移動自在に案内支持する機体２２
とを有し、
(d) 第１強磁性材料部は、スリツト３１〜３３に
よつて周方向に分断されていることを特徴とす
る電磁石である。Means for Solving the Problems The present invention provides (a) a movable body 2, which includes (a1) a cylindrical portion 2a, end plate portions 2b and 2c that support the cylindrical portion 2a; (a2) The cylindrical portion 2a has a first non-magnetic material portion 2e made of a non-magnetic material.
2g, and a first ferromagnetic material part made of a ferromagnetic material and interposed between the first nonmagnetic material parts 2e to 2g.
and (b) a fixed body 3, (b1) a cylinder 21 surrounding the cylinder 2a, and a cylinder 21.
(b2) a coil frame made of a ferromagnetic material that surrounds the end and outer circumference of each coil 10 to 13, respectively, and is wound around the outer circumference of the cylinder body 21 at intervals in the axial direction of the cylinder body 21; 14 to 17, and (b3) a magnetic shielding plate 18 made of a non-magnetic material and interposed between the coil frames 14 to 17, respectively.
(b4) The cylindrical body 21 is made of a non-magnetic material, and each coil 10 to 13
and each coil 10 to 13
second nonmagnetic material portions 21a to 21d shorter than the length in the axial direction; and these second nonmagnetic material portions 21a to 21d.
are interposed between each other and are made of ferromagnetic material,
and a second ferromagnetic material portion continuous to the radially inner ends of the coil frames 10 to 13, and both end portions a1 and a2 of the second nonmagnetic material portions 21a to 21d are connected to the corresponding coils 10 to 13.
The one end e1 of the first non-magnetic material portions 2e to 2g of the movable body 2 is located inward in the axial direction from the end 10a of the movable body 2 in the first and second positions of the axial movement range of the movable body 2. , respectively on the left and right sides in the axial direction of one end a1 of the second non-magnetic material portions 21a to 21d, whereby the first ferromagnetic material portion and the second ferromagnetic material portion are separated in the axial direction or separated in the axial direction. (c) a body 22 that is fixed to the fixed body 3 and guides and supports the shaft parts 2d and 36 so as to be movable in the axial direction thereof;
(d) The first ferromagnetic material portion is an electromagnet characterized in that it is divided in the circumferential direction by slits 31 to 33.
作 用
本発明に従えば、移動体２を構成する筒部２ａ
は、第１非磁性材料部２ｅ〜２ｇと、第１強磁性
材料部とが軸線方向に交互に介在されて、構成さ
れ、固定体３の筒体２１は、第２非磁性材料部２
１ａ〜２１ｄと、第２強磁性材料部とが軸線方向
に交互に配置されて構成され、コイル枠１４〜１
７は、コイル１０〜１３の端部と外周面とをそれ
ぞれ取り囲んでおり、コイル枠１０〜１３の半径
方向内方端に第２強磁性材料部が連なるように構
成されており、コイル枠１４〜１７の相互間に
は、非磁性材料から成る磁気遮蔽板１９〜２０が
それぞれ介在されているので、各コイル１０〜１
３毎に磁気回路Ｓが個別的に形成される。このよ
うに磁気回Ｓが各コイル１０〜１３毎に分割され
て局在化されるので、第１および第２強磁性材料
部の磁気飽和を生じにくくすることができ、こう
して複数の磁気回路Ｓによつて移動体２の磁気力
の増大を図ることができ、この磁気力の増大は、
高速化に有利に作用する。Effect According to the present invention, the cylindrical portion 2a constituting the moving body 2
is constituted by first non-magnetic material parts 2e to 2g and first ferromagnetic material parts interposed alternately in the axial direction, and the cylindrical body 21 of the fixed body 3 is composed of the second non-magnetic material parts 2
1a to 21d and second ferromagnetic material portions are arranged alternately in the axial direction, and the coil frames 14 to 1
7 surrounds the ends and outer circumferential surfaces of the coils 10 to 13, respectively, and is configured such that the second ferromagnetic material portion continues to the radially inner end of the coil frames 10 to 13, and the coil frame 14 Since magnetic shielding plates 19 to 20 made of non-magnetic material are interposed between coils 10 to 17, each coil 10 to 1
A magnetic circuit S is individually formed every three. Since the magnetic circuit S is divided and localized for each of the coils 10 to 13 in this way, magnetic saturation of the first and second ferromagnetic material parts can be made difficult to occur, and thus the plurality of magnetic circuits S The magnetic force of the moving body 2 can be increased by
This has an advantageous effect on speeding up.
さらにまた本発明に従えば、移動体２の第１強
磁性材料部は、スリツプ３０〜３３によつて周方
向に分断されているので、渦電流の循環路を遮断
することができ、電気抵抗を大きくし、渦電流を
小さくすることができる。 Furthermore, according to the present invention, since the first ferromagnetic material portion of the movable body 2 is divided in the circumferential direction by the slips 30 to 33, the circulation path of eddy current can be interrupted, and the electrical resistance can be increased and the eddy current can be reduced.
さらにまた本発明に従えば、筒部２ａは第１非
磁性材料部２ｅ〜２ｇと第１強磁性材料部とが軸
線方向に交互に配置されて構成され、また固定体
３の筒体２１は、第２非磁性材料部２１ａ〜２１
ｄと第２強磁性材料部とが軸線方向に交互に配置
されて構成され、したがつて第１および第２非磁
性材料部２ｅ〜２ｇ，２１ａ〜２１ｄにおける渦
電流の発生を確実に防ぐことができる。こうして
励磁初期における印加エネルギーの一部が渦電流
に転換されることがなく、その分、励磁エネルギ
ーを増すことができ、これによつて磁気力を増加
することができるようになる。 Furthermore, according to the present invention, the cylindrical portion 2a is constituted by first non-magnetic material portions 2e to 2g and first ferromagnetic material portions arranged alternately in the axial direction, and the cylindrical portion 21 of the fixed body 3 is , second nonmagnetic material portions 21a to 21
d and the second ferromagnetic material portions are arranged alternately in the axial direction, thereby reliably preventing the generation of eddy currents in the first and second nonmagnetic material portions 2e to 2g, 21a to 21d. Can be done. In this way, a part of the applied energy at the initial stage of excitation is not converted into eddy current, and the excitation energy can be increased accordingly, thereby making it possible to increase the magnetic force.
実施例
第１図は本発明の基礎となる構成を示す電磁石
１の分解斜視図であり、第２図はその電磁石１の
断面図である。内部空間内に油が充填されるウエ
ツトタイプの電磁石１は、油圧回路に使用される
ダブルソレノイド形の電磁制御弁における操作手
段として利用される。電磁石１は、その基本構成
要素として、中空円筒状の移動体２と、その移動
体２を外囲するように備えられる固定体３とを有
する。移動体２は、直円筒部２ａと、その直円筒
部２ａを支持する端板部２ｂ，２ｃと、端板部２
ｂ，２ｃの中心部を貫通し直円筒部２ａと同軸の
軸部２ｄとからなる。また移動体２は、軸部２ｄ
と参照符２ｅ〜２ｇで示されている部分が非磁性
材料で形成され、その他の部分が強磁性材料で形
成される。直円筒部２ａの強磁性材料部が後述す
るコイル１０，１１，１２，１３が励磁されて形
成される磁気回路の一部となり、本発明ではその
磁気回路で発生するうず電流の発生を小さくする
とともに軽量化のために、直円筒部２ａは薄肉構
造とする。端板部２ｂ，２ｃには、移動体２がそ
の軸線方向に移動するとき、電磁石１の内部空間
内の油による流動抵抗が生じないように、複数の
透孔２ｈ〜２ｋが設けられている。移動体２の軸
部２ｄが軸受４，５によつて軸線方向に案内さ
れ、移動体２はその軸線方向に変位自在となつて
いる。Embodiment FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of an electromagnet 1 showing the basic structure of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the electromagnet 1. A wet type electromagnet 1 whose internal space is filled with oil is used as an operating means in a double solenoid type electromagnetic control valve used in a hydraulic circuit. The electromagnet 1 has, as its basic components, a hollow cylindrical moving body 2 and a fixed body 3 provided so as to surround the moving body 2. The moving body 2 includes a right cylindrical portion 2a, end plate portions 2b and 2c that support the right cylindrical portion 2a, and an end plate portion 2.
It consists of a shaft portion 2d that penetrates the center portions of b and 2c and is coaxial with the right cylindrical portion 2a. Further, the moving body 2 has a shaft portion 2d
The parts indicated by 2e to 2g are made of non-magnetic material, and the other parts are made of ferromagnetic material. The ferromagnetic material portion of the right cylindrical portion 2a becomes part of a magnetic circuit formed by exciting coils 10, 11, 12, and 13, which will be described later, and in the present invention, the generation of eddy currents generated in the magnetic circuit is reduced. At the same time, in order to reduce the weight, the right cylindrical portion 2a has a thin wall structure. A plurality of through holes 2h to 2k are provided in the end plate parts 2b and 2c so that when the moving body 2 moves in the axial direction, flow resistance due to oil in the internal space of the electromagnet 1 does not occur. . A shaft portion 2d of the movable body 2 is guided in the axial direction by bearings 4 and 5, so that the movable body 2 can be freely displaced in the axial direction.
従来技術のプランジヤ形電磁石では、移動体で
あるプランジヤが中実体であり、プランジヤの半
径方向に電磁力が働く場合、プランジヤを支持す
る軸が細いときにはその軸にたわみが生じ、プラ
ンジヤの軸方向移動が妨げられ、故障の原因とな
る。しかし本実施例では、移動体２は筒体を一対
の端板で支持する構造を有し、この端板は単一の
軸によつて支持され、この軸は端板近くの軸受
４，５において軸線方向に移動自在にされる。し
たがつて移動体２にその半径方向の電磁力が作用
しても、この軸部２ｄのたわみが抑制される。こ
の結果、軸部２ｄを細くして重量を軽くし、応答
速度を向上することができる。 In conventional plunger-type electromagnets, the moving object, the plunger, is a solid body, and when an electromagnetic force acts in the radial direction of the plunger, when the shaft supporting the plunger is thin, the shaft deflects, causing the plunger to move in the axial direction. This may interfere with the operation and cause a malfunction. However, in this embodiment, the movable body 2 has a structure in which a cylinder is supported by a pair of end plates, and this end plate is supported by a single shaft, and this shaft is supported by bearings 4 and 5 near the end plates. is made freely movable in the axial direction. Therefore, even if a radial electromagnetic force acts on the movable body 2, the deflection of the shaft portion 2d is suppressed. As a result, the shaft portion 2d can be made thinner, the weight can be reduced, and the response speed can be improved.
固定体３は、非磁性材料から成るボビン６，
７，８，９にそれぞれ巻回されたコイル１０，１
１，１２，１３と、コイル１０，１１，１２，１
３の端部と外周部とを取り囲む強磁性材料から成
るコイル枠１４，１５，１６，１７と、コイル枠
１４，１５，１６，１７のそれぞれ側面の間に介
在され磁気絶縁する非磁性材料から成る磁気遮蔽
板である環状板１８，１９，２０と、ボビン６〜
９およびコイル枠１４〜１７の内周面に外周面が
密着して配置される直円筒状の筒体２１とから成
る。筒体２１において、参照符２１ａ，２１ｂ，
２１ｃ，２１ｄで示されている部分は非磁性材料
から成り、その他の部分は強磁性材料から成る。
コイル枠１４は、ボビン１６の側面と密着される
環状板１４ａ，１４ｂと、コイル１０の外周を覆
うように配置され、環状板１４ａ，１４ｂを接続
する円筒１４ｃとで形成される。同様にして、コ
イル枠１５は環状板１５ａ，１５ｂおよび円筒１
５ｃで形成され、コイル枠１６は環状円板１６
ａ，１６ｂおよび円筒１６ｃで形成され、コイル
枠１７は環状円板１７ａ，１７ｂおよび円筒１７
ｃで形成される。前記移動体２および固定体３
は、基体２２、ケーシング２３、支持体２４およ
び蓋体２５によつて形成される空間内に収納され
る。基体２２は、貫通孔２２ａに嵌着される軸受
５を介して移動体２の軸部２ｄの一端を保持し、
一方の突出円筒部２２ｂで固定体３の筒体２１の
一端を保持する。突出円筒部２２ｂに設けられた
凹溝２２ｃには、Ｏリング４６が電磁石１の内部
空間の油が外部に漏出しないように配置されてい
る。他方の突出円筒部２２ｄは、電磁制御弁の弁
部との接続の便宜ために形成されている。固定体
３は、内壁が円筒状であるケーシング２３に密着
して嵌入され、ケーシング２３と蓋体２５に設け
られた貫通孔２３ａ〜２３ｄ，２５ａ〜２５ｄを
挿通し、基体２２のねじ穴２２ｅ〜２２ｈと螺合
されるボルト２６〜２９を締め付けて固定され
る。基体２２にねじ穴２２ｅ〜２２ｈを設ける代
わりに貫通孔とし、電磁制御弁の弁部（図示せ
ず）にねじ穴を配して、ボルト２６〜２９で電磁
石と弁部を組立てるようにしてもよい。支持体２
４は、蓋体２５の凹所２５ｅに嵌合され、小径部
２４ａで固定体３の筒体２１の他端を保持すると
ともに、貫通孔２４ｂに嵌着される軸受４を介し
て移動体２の軸部２ｄの他端を保持する。支持体
２４の軸方向に形成された溝２４ｃおよび半径方
向に形成された溝２４ｄは、移動体２が移動する
とき、空間内の油がその抵抗とならないように形
成されている。蓋体２５の凹所２５ｅの周壁に形
成されている凹溝２５ｆには、電磁石１の内部空
間内の油が漏出しないようにＯリング３０が嵌着
されている。 The fixed body 3 includes a bobbin 6 made of a non-magnetic material,
Coils 10 and 1 wound around coils 7, 8, and 9, respectively.
1, 12, 13 and coils 10, 11, 12, 1
Coil frames 14, 15, 16, 17 made of a ferromagnetic material surrounding the ends and outer periphery of the coil frames 14, 15, 16, 17, and non-magnetic materials interposed between the respective side surfaces of the coil frames 14, 15, 16, 17 for magnetic insulation. annular plates 18, 19, 20, which are magnetic shielding plates, and bobbins 6-
9 and a right cylindrical cylindrical body 21 whose outer circumferential surface is placed in close contact with the inner circumferential surfaces of the coil frames 14 to 17. In the cylinder 21, reference marks 21a, 21b,
The parts indicated by 21c and 21d are made of non-magnetic material, and the other parts are made of ferromagnetic material.
The coil frame 14 is formed of annular plates 14a, 14b that are in close contact with the side surfaces of the bobbin 16, and a cylinder 14c that is arranged to cover the outer periphery of the coil 10 and connects the annular plates 14a, 14b. Similarly, the coil frame 15 includes annular plates 15a, 15b and a cylinder 1.
5c, and the coil frame 16 has an annular disk 16
a, 16b and a cylinder 16c, and the coil frame 17 is formed of annular disks 17a, 17b and a cylinder 17
formed by c. The moving body 2 and the fixed body 3
is housed in a space formed by the base body 22, the casing 23, the support body 24, and the lid body 25. The base body 22 holds one end of the shaft portion 2d of the movable body 2 via the bearing 5 fitted in the through hole 22a,
One end of the cylindrical body 21 of the fixed body 3 is held by one protruding cylindrical portion 22b. An O-ring 46 is disposed in the groove 22c provided in the protruding cylindrical portion 22b to prevent oil in the internal space of the electromagnet 1 from leaking to the outside. The other protruding cylindrical portion 22d is formed for convenience of connection with the valve portion of the electromagnetic control valve. The fixed body 3 is fitted tightly into the casing 23 whose inner wall is cylindrical, and is inserted through the through holes 23a to 23d, 25a to 25d provided in the casing 23 and the lid 25, and is inserted into the screw holes 22e to 22e of the base body 22. It is fixed by tightening the bolts 26 to 29 that are screwed together with 22h. Instead of providing the screw holes 22e to 22h in the base body 22, through holes may be used, the screw holes are arranged in the valve part (not shown) of the electromagnetic control valve, and the electromagnet and the valve part are assembled with bolts 26 to 29. good. Support 2
4 is fitted into the recess 25e of the lid 25, holds the other end of the cylinder 21 of the fixed body 3 with the small diameter portion 24a, and supports the movable body 2 via the bearing 4 fitted into the through hole 24b. Hold the other end of the shaft portion 2d. The grooves 24c formed in the axial direction and the grooves 24d formed in the radial direction of the support body 24 are formed so that when the movable body 2 moves, oil in the space does not act as resistance. An O-ring 30 is fitted into a groove 25f formed in the peripheral wall of the recess 25e of the lid 25 to prevent oil in the internal space of the electromagnet 1 from leaking.
第２図のセクシヨンを拡大して示す第３図を
参照して、磁気回路を形成する構成要素について
さらに詳しく説明する。第３図１には移動体２の
端板部２ｂが支持体２４の内端面２４ｅと接触す
る移動体２の第１の位置が示され、第３図２には
移動体２の端板部２ｃが基体２２の内端面２２ｉ
と接触する移動体２の第２の位置が示されてい
る。コイル１０は、軸線方向に単位長さ当たり一
様な巻き数でコイル素線が巻回され構成される。
筒体２１の非磁性材料部２１ａの一端部ａ１は、
コイル１０の軸線方向の長さＬのほぼ中央位置に
配置され、その他端部ａ２はコイル１０の端部１
０ａよりも軸線方向内方に配置される。非磁性材
料部２ｅの一端部ｅ１は、移動体２が第１位置に
あるとき前記一端部ａ１と他端部ａ２間の位置に
あり、移動体２が第２位置にあるとき前記一端部
ａ１に関して前記他端部ａ２の反対側にあるよう
に配置される。コイル１０が励磁されると、仮想
線Ｓで示されるように磁気回路が形成される。コ
イル１１，１２，１３が励磁されるときも同様に
して磁気回路が形成される。このとき第３図の参
照符Ａで示した領域を通る磁束によつて移動体２
は半径方向の電磁力を受け、第３図の参照符Ｂで
示した領域を通る磁束により移動体２は軸方向
（右向き）の吸引電磁力を受ける。 The components forming the magnetic circuit will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 3, which is an enlarged view of the section of FIG. 2. FIG. 3 1 shows a first position of the movable body 2 where the end plate portion 2 b of the movable body 2 contacts the inner end surface 24 e of the support body 24 , and FIG. 3 2 shows the end plate portion of the movable body 2 . 2c is the inner end surface 22i of the base 22
A second position of the mobile body 2 in contact with is shown. The coil 10 is constructed by winding a coil wire with a uniform number of turns per unit length in the axial direction.
One end a1 of the non-magnetic material portion 21a of the cylinder 21 is
It is arranged at approximately the center position of the length L in the axial direction of the coil 10, and the other end a2 is the end 1 of the coil 10.
It is arranged inward in the axial direction from 0a. One end e1 of the non-magnetic material portion 2e is located between the one end a1 and the other end a2 when the movable body 2 is in the first position, and is located between the one end a1 and the other end a2 when the movable body 2 is in the second position. The second end a2 is located on the opposite side of the second end a2. When the coil 10 is excited, a magnetic circuit is formed as shown by the imaginary line S. A magnetic circuit is similarly formed when the coils 11, 12, and 13 are excited. At this time, the moving body 2 is
receives a radial electromagnetic force, and the moving body 2 receives an axial (rightward) attracting electromagnetic force due to the magnetic flux passing through the region indicated by reference numeral B in FIG.
次に電磁石１の動作について説明する。各コイ
ル１０〜１３は、インダクタンスが大きくならな
いように電源に対して並列に接続されている。移
動体２が前記第１位置にあつてコイル１０〜１３
が励磁されると、固定体３と移動体２との間に働
く４つの磁気回路の吸引力によつて、移動体２が
前記第２位置に移動する。コイル１０〜１３が消
磁されると、移動体２は外力によつて第２位置に
戻される。 Next, the operation of the electromagnet 1 will be explained. Each coil 10-13 is connected in parallel to the power supply so that the inductance does not become large. When the movable body 2 is in the first position, the coils 10 to 13
When the fixed body 3 and the movable body 2 are excited, the movable body 2 moves to the second position due to the attractive force of the four magnetic circuits acting between the fixed body 3 and the movable body 2. When the coils 10 to 13 are demagnetized, the movable body 2 is returned to the second position by an external force.
本発明では、磁気回路を構成するコイル枠１４
〜１７、筒体２１および移動体の筒部１ａの強磁
性材料部は、うず電流が生じにくいように電気抵
抗を高くする薄肉構造造としたので、コイル１０
〜１３が励磁されと、前記吸引力がうず電流によ
つて小さくされることなく急速に立ちあげること
ができる。このように磁性材料を薄くするここと
によつてうず電流を小さくした例として、薄いけ
い素鋼板を積層して成るトランスがある。磁束が
通る磁性体を薄くすれば電気抵抗が高くなるの
で、うず電流を小さくすることができる。例えば
中実体のプランジヤにおいてその断面積を小さく
すれば電気抵抗が高くなり、うず電流を低減する
ことができるが、プランジヤの断面積を小さくす
れば、負荷（電磁弁の弁部）を動かすのに必要な
力を得ることができなくなる。磁路の断面積を確
保しつつ、電気抵抗を高くするために薄肉円筒構
造は有利に働く。ばねや流体による外力に抗して
負荷を動かすために必要な力は、磁路断面積を確
保することにより得られ、本発明では移動体２の
直径を加減して実施することがきる。さらに移動
体２を薄肉円筒としたため、その重量を極めて軽
くすることができるので、加速度を大きくするの
に有利な構造である。またコイル枠１４をけい素
鋼板を積層して形成すると、さらにうず電流を小
さくすることもできる。 In the present invention, the coil frame 14 constituting the magnetic circuit is
~17. The ferromagnetic material of the cylinder 21 and the cylinder part 1a of the movable body has a thin structure that increases electrical resistance so that eddy currents are less likely to occur.
13 is excited, the attractive force can be rapidly raised without being reduced by eddy currents. An example of reducing eddy current by making the magnetic material thinner is a transformer made of laminated thin silicon steel plates. If the magnetic material through which the magnetic flux passes is made thinner, the electrical resistance will increase, so eddy currents can be reduced. For example, if you reduce the cross-sectional area of a solid body plunger, the electrical resistance will increase and eddy current can be reduced. You won't be able to get the power you need. A thin cylindrical structure works advantageously to increase electrical resistance while ensuring the cross-sectional area of the magnetic path. The force required to move the load against the external force of a spring or fluid can be obtained by ensuring the cross-sectional area of the magnetic path, and in the present invention this can be achieved by adjusting the diameter of the moving body 2. Furthermore, since the movable body 2 is formed into a thin cylinder, its weight can be extremely lightened, and this structure is advantageous for increasing acceleration. Furthermore, if the coil frame 14 is formed by laminating silicon steel plates, the eddy current can be further reduced.
本発明では、上述の構成のように移動体２と固
定体３で容易に複数の磁気回路を形成することが
でき、移動体２を高速度で移動するための電磁力
を大きくすることが可能となる。磁気回路の速数
は、負荷であるスプールの重量や戻しばねの強さ
や流体反力により適宜選ぶことができる。負荷が
小さい場合には、単一の磁気回路を取ることによ
つて小型でしかも低価格化を実現することができ
る。また複数の磁気回路とすれば、２つ目以降の
磁気回路は端板が省略できるので、発生電磁力の
割合に比べ可動部重量を小さくすることができ、
加速度を大きくするのに有利となる。 In the present invention, it is possible to easily form a plurality of magnetic circuits with the movable body 2 and the fixed body 3 as in the above-described configuration, and it is possible to increase the electromagnetic force for moving the movable body 2 at high speed. becomes. The speed of the magnetic circuit can be appropriately selected depending on the weight of the spool that is the load, the strength of the return spring, and the fluid reaction force. When the load is small, a single magnetic circuit can be used to achieve a smaller size and lower cost. In addition, if there are multiple magnetic circuits, the end plate can be omitted from the second and subsequent magnetic circuits, so the weight of the moving parts can be reduced compared to the proportion of the electromagnetic force generated.
This is advantageous for increasing acceleration.
第４図は、本発明の一実施例の移動体２を示す
斜視図である。移動体３の直円筒部２ａの強磁性
材料部の一部を軸線方向に切り欠いてスリツト３
０，３１，３２，３３を形成すると、うず電流の
循環路が遮断され、さらにうず電流を小さくする
ことができる。 FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a moving body 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention. A part of the ferromagnetic material part of the right cylindrical part 2a of the moving body 3 is cut out in the axial direction to form a slit 3.
0, 31, 32, and 33, the circulation path of the eddy current is interrupted, and the eddy current can be further reduced.
第５図は、移動体２の他の実施例を示す電磁石
１の断面図である。第５図において、第２図に示
されている構成と類似する部分には同一の参照符
を付す。この実施例で注目すべきは、移動体２の
直円筒部２ａを一方の端板部２ｃのみで支持する
ようにし、前述の実施例における軸部２ｄを廃し
たことである。移動体２の移動の伝達は、軸受３
４，３５で支持される軸３６によつて行なわれ
る。このような構造を取ることによつて、さらに
移動体２の軽量化を図ることができ、高速化に有
利となる。移動体２の摺動面の仕上げ精度を高く
することによつて、摩擦を低減することが可能あ
り、たウエツトタイプでは摺動面に油が存在する
ので、前述の実施例に比べ、摩擦のために高速性
が阻害されることはない。 FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the electromagnet 1 showing another embodiment of the moving body 2. FIG. In FIG. 5, parts similar to those shown in FIG. 2 are given the same reference numerals. What should be noted in this embodiment is that the right cylindrical portion 2a of the movable body 2 is supported by only one end plate portion 2c, and the shaft portion 2d in the previous embodiment is eliminated. The movement of the moving body 2 is transmitted by the bearing 3.
This is done by means of a shaft 36 supported by 4, 35. By adopting such a structure, it is possible to further reduce the weight of the moving body 2, which is advantageous for increasing the speed. By increasing the finishing accuracy of the sliding surface of the moving body 2, it is possible to reduce friction.In the wet type, oil is present on the sliding surface, so compared to the above embodiment, friction is reduced. high speed is not hindered.
効 果
以上のように本発明によれば、磁路の断面積を
減ずることなく、うず電流に対する抵抗を大きく
することができるので、応答性が高く、瞬時に大
きな電磁力を得ることができ、高速で負荷（例え
ばスプール）を駆動することができる。また、電
磁石の小型化も容易に実現することができる。特
に本発明によれば、磁気遮蔽板１８〜２０をコイ
ル枠１４〜１７の相互間にそれぞれ介在して、各
コイル１０〜１３毎に個別的に磁気回路Ｓを形成
するようにしたので、第１および第１強磁性材料
部およびコイル枠１４〜１７の磁気飽和を生じに
くくし、これら複数の磁気回路Ｓの全体によつ
て、移動体２の移動のための磁気力の増大を図る
ことができ、これによつて高速化を図ることがで
きる。Effects As described above, according to the present invention, the resistance to eddy current can be increased without reducing the cross-sectional area of the magnetic path, so responsiveness is high and large electromagnetic force can be instantaneously obtained. Loads (eg spools) can be driven at high speeds. Further, the electromagnet can be easily miniaturized. In particular, according to the present invention, the magnetic shielding plates 18 to 20 are interposed between the coil frames 14 to 17, respectively, and the magnetic circuit S is formed individually for each coil 10 to 13. 1 and the first ferromagnetic material portion and the coil frames 14 to 17, and the magnetic force for moving the moving body 2 can be increased by the entirety of the plurality of magnetic circuits S. This makes it possible to increase the speed.
また移動体２の筒部２ａは第１非磁性材料部２
ｅ〜２ｇと、第１強磁性材料部とが軸線方向に交
互に配置されて構成されており、したがつて薄く
構成することができ、また第１非磁性材料部での
渦電流の発生を防ぐことができる。 Further, the cylindrical portion 2a of the movable body 2 is a first non-magnetic material portion 2.
e~2g and the first ferromagnetic material portion are arranged alternately in the axial direction, so that the structure can be made thin and the generation of eddy current in the first non-magnetic material portion can be prevented. It can be prevented.
さらにまた第１強磁性材料部はスリツト３１〜
３３によつて周方向に分断されているので、印加
エネルギーの一部が渦電流に転換されるのを抑制
し、その分、励磁エネルギーを増大して磁気力を
増加することが可能となる。 Furthermore, the first ferromagnetic material portion has slits 31 to 31.
33 in the circumferential direction, it is possible to suppress a part of the applied energy from being converted into an eddy current, thereby increasing the excitation energy and the magnetic force accordingly.
第１図は本発明の基礎となる構成を示す電磁石
１の分解斜視図、第２図は電磁石１の断面図、第
３図は第２図のセクシヨンを拡大して示す図、
第４図は本発明の一実施例の移動体２を示す斜視
図、第５図は移動体２の他の実施例を示す図であ
る。
１……電磁石、２……移動体、３……固定体、
１０，１１，１２，１３……コイル、３０，３
１，３２，３３……スリツト。
FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of an electromagnet 1 showing the basic structure of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the electromagnet 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a section of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a moving body 2 according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the moving body 2. 1... Electromagnet, 2... Moving object, 3... Fixed object,
10, 11, 12, 13...Coil, 30, 3
1, 32, 33...slit.
Claims (1)
部２ｂ，２ｃと、端板部２ｂ，２ｃから軸線
方向外方に突出して設けられる軸部２ｄとを
有し、 (a2) 筒部２ａは、 非磁性材料から成る第１非磁性材料部２ｅ
〜２ｇと、 これらの第１非磁性材料部２ｅ〜２ｇの相
互間に介在され、強磁性材料から成る第１強
磁性材料部とを有する、そのような移動体２
と、 (b) 固定体３であつて、 (b1) 筒体２ａを外囲する筒体２１と、筒体２１
の外周に筒体２１の軸線方向に間隔をあけて
巻回されるコイル１０〜１３と、 (b2) 各コイル１０〜１３の端部と外周部とをそ
れぞれ取り囲み、強磁性材料から成るコイル
枠１４〜１７と、 (b3) コイル枠１４〜１７の相互間にそれぞれ介
在され、非磁性材料から成る磁気遮蔽板１８
〜２０とを有し、 (b4) 筒体２１は、 非磁性材料から成り、各コイル１０〜１３
によつて外囲され、かつ各コイル１０〜１３
の軸線方向の長さよりも短い第２非磁性材料
部２１ａ〜２１ｄと、 これらの第２非磁性材料部２１ａ〜２１ｄ
の相互間に介在され、強磁性材料から成り、
コイル枠１０〜１３の半径方向内方端に連な
る第２強磁性材料部とを有し、 第２非磁性材料部２１ａ〜２１ｄの両端部
ａ１，ａ２は、対応する各コイル１０〜１３
の端部１０ａよりも軸線方向内方にあり、 移動体２の第１非磁性材料部２ｅ〜２ｇの
一端部ｅ１は、移動体２の軸線方向移動範囲
の第１位置と第２位置とにおいて、第２非磁
性材料部２１ａ〜２１ｄの一方端部ａ１の軸
線方向左右にそれぞれあり、これによつて第
１強磁性材料部と第２強磁性材料部とが軸線
方向に離れ、または軸線方向に重なる、その
ような固定体３と、 (c) 固定体３に固定され、軸部２ｄ，３６を、そ
の軸線方向に移動自在に案内支持する機体２２
とを有し、 (d) 第１強磁性材料部は、スリツト３１〜３３に
よつて周方向に分断されていることを特徴とす
る電磁石。[Scope of Claims] 1 (a) A movable body 2, which includes: (a1) a cylindrical portion 2a, end plate portions 2b, 2c supporting the cylindrical portion 2a, and portions extending from the end plate portions 2b, 2c in the axial direction; (a2) The cylindrical portion 2a has a first non-magnetic material portion 2e made of a non-magnetic material.
2g, and a first ferromagnetic material part made of a ferromagnetic material and interposed between the first nonmagnetic material parts 2e to 2g.
and (b) a fixed body 3, (b1) a cylinder 21 surrounding the cylinder 2a, and a cylinder 21.
(b2) a coil frame made of a ferromagnetic material that surrounds the end and outer circumference of each coil 10 to 13, respectively, and is wound around the outer circumference of the cylinder body 21 at intervals in the axial direction of the cylinder body 21; 14 to 17, and (b3) a magnetic shielding plate 18 made of a non-magnetic material and interposed between the coil frames 14 to 17, respectively.
(b4) The cylindrical body 21 is made of a non-magnetic material, and each coil 10 to 13
and each coil 10 to 13
second nonmagnetic material portions 21a to 21d shorter than the length in the axial direction; and these second nonmagnetic material portions 21a to 21d.
are interposed between each other and are made of ferromagnetic material,
and a second ferromagnetic material portion continuous to the radially inner ends of the coil frames 10 to 13, and both end portions a1 and a2 of the second nonmagnetic material portions 21a to 21d are connected to the corresponding coils 10 to 13.
The one end e1 of the first non-magnetic material portions 2e to 2g of the movable body 2 is located inward in the axial direction from the end 10a of the movable body 2 in the first and second positions of the axial movement range of the movable body 2. , respectively on the left and right sides in the axial direction of one end a1 of the second non-magnetic material portions 21a to 21d, whereby the first ferromagnetic material portion and the second ferromagnetic material portion are separated in the axial direction or separated in the axial direction. (c) a body 22 that is fixed to the fixed body 3 and guides and supports the shaft parts 2d and 36 so as to be movable in the axial direction thereof;
(d) The first ferromagnetic material portion is circumferentially divided by slits 31 to 33.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18703584A JPS6165409A (en) | 1984-09-06 | 1984-09-06 | Electromagnet |
| US06/771,772 US4746887A (en) | 1984-09-06 | 1985-09-03 | Hollow cylindrical movable body for an electromagnet |
| AT85306316T ATE54224T1 (en) | 1984-09-06 | 1985-09-05 | ELECTROMAGNETIC TRIGGER. |
| EP85306316A EP0174808B1 (en) | 1984-09-06 | 1985-09-05 | Electromagnetic actuator |
| DE8585306316T DE3578481D1 (en) | 1984-09-06 | 1985-09-05 | ELECTROMAGNETIC TRIGGER. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18703584A JPS6165409A (en) | 1984-09-06 | 1984-09-06 | Electromagnet |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6165409A JPS6165409A (en) | 1986-04-04 |
| JPH0248127B2 true JPH0248127B2 (en) | 1990-10-24 |
Family
ID=16199036
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18703584A Granted JPS6165409A (en) | 1984-09-06 | 1984-09-06 | Electromagnet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6165409A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100784220B1 (en) * | 2007-05-08 | 2007-12-10 | 김영국 | A coil of electromagnetic |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4941055A (en) * | 1972-08-28 | 1974-04-17 |
-
1984
- 1984-09-06 JP JP18703584A patent/JPS6165409A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4941055A (en) * | 1972-08-28 | 1974-04-17 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6165409A (en) | 1986-04-04 |
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