JPH0230784A - Method for electrolyzing hydrochloric acid and formation of hydrochloric acid - Google Patents
Method for electrolyzing hydrochloric acid and formation of hydrochloric acidInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0230784A JPH0230784A JP17967088A JP17967088A JPH0230784A JP H0230784 A JPH0230784 A JP H0230784A JP 17967088 A JP17967088 A JP 17967088A JP 17967088 A JP17967088 A JP 17967088A JP H0230784 A JPH0230784 A JP H0230784A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hydrochloric acid
- gas
- chlorine
- hydrogen
- electrolyte
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000872198 Serjania polyphylla Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910003445 palladium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JQPTYAILLJKUCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(ii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Pd+2] JQPTYAILLJKUCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HWLDNSXPUQTBOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum-iridium alloy Chemical class [Ir].[Pt] HWLDNSXPUQTBOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100145155 Escherichia phage lambda cIII gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910000566 Platinum-iridium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、ガス拡散電極を用い、塩酸を含む電解液を電
解し塩素ガスおよび／または水素ガスを得る方法と、希
塩酸溶液を電解液に変えて用い、塩素ガスと水素ガスを
供給して、電気エネルギーおよび塩酸溶液を生成させる
方法に関するものである。Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention provides a method of electrolyzing an electrolytic solution containing hydrochloric acid to obtain chlorine gas and/or hydrogen gas using a gas diffusion electrode, and a method of producing chlorine gas and/or hydrogen gas by electrolyzing an electrolytic solution containing hydrochloric acid using a gas diffusion electrode. The present invention relates to a method of supplying chlorine gas and hydrogen gas to generate electrical energy and hydrochloric acid solution.
（従来技術とその問題点）
従来、塩素ガスと同時に水素ガスを得る方法は、食塩電
解により塩素ガスと水素ガスを得る方法が一般的に用い
られている。(Prior Art and its Problems) Conventionally, as a method of obtaining hydrogen gas at the same time as chlorine gas, a method of obtaining chlorine gas and hydrogen gas by salt electrolysis has generally been used.
また、塩酸を得る方法としては、工業的な製法として食
塩電解で生成した塩素ガスと水素ガスを化合させる合成
法によって製造されている。Furthermore, as a method for obtaining hydrochloric acid, as an industrial method, it is produced by a synthesis method in which chlorine gas produced by salt electrolysis and hydrogen gas are combined.
該製造法では、石英の反応管中で化合させる方法で不活
性ガスの存在や触媒を充填して、爆発防止のため水素ガ
スを過剰にいれ塩素ガスと化合し高温の塩化水素を石英
蛇管で冷却する方法が行われている。In this manufacturing method, hydrogen chloride is combined in a quartz reaction tube in the presence of an inert gas and filled with a catalyst, and in order to prevent explosions, hydrogen gas is added in excess and combined with chlorine gas. Cooling methods are being used.
前者は、電解中に電極面にガスが発生するため電解効率
が悪くなり、浴電圧が高くなり、隔膜電解しているため
、膜抵抗もあり極間距離を狭くするにも限界があるとい
う欠点があった。The disadvantage of the former is that gas is generated on the electrode surface during electrolysis, which reduces electrolysis efficiency, increases bath voltage, and because diaphragm electrolysis is used, there is membrane resistance and there is a limit to narrowing the distance between the electrodes. was there.
後者では、高濃度のものが得られるが、化合条件の調整
等に注意が必要となるため、装置が複雑で大型化して操
作も繁雑になる等の問題があった。In the latter case, a product of high concentration can be obtained, but since care must be taken in adjusting the compounding conditions, there are problems such as the equipment becomes complicated and large, and the operation becomes complicated.
（発明の目的）
本発明は、上記従来の問題点を解決するために成された
もので、ガス拡散電極を陽極と陰極に用い極間を狭くし
て電解効率を上げ、電解液は塩酸を含む溶液を用いると
いう簡便な装置と方法で塩素ガスと水素ガスを得る方法
と、上記電解液に変え希塩酸溶液を用い、塩素ガスと水
素ガスを供給して燃料電池を構成し電気エネルギーおよ
び塩酸を得るきいう方法を提供するものである。(Purpose of the Invention) The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems. Gas diffusion electrodes are used as the anode and cathode to narrow the gap between the electrodes to increase electrolytic efficiency, and the electrolyte is made of hydrochloric acid. One method is to obtain chlorine gas and hydrogen gas using a simple device and method using a solution that contains chlorine gas, and the other is to use a dilute hydrochloric acid solution instead of the electrolyte solution and supply chlorine gas and hydrogen gas to construct a fuel cell and generate electrical energy and hydrochloric acid. It provides a way to obtain and ask questions.
（問題点を解決するための手段）
本発明の塩酸の電解方法は、陽極および陰極にガス拡散
電極を用いて塩酸を含む溶液を電解することを特徴とす
るものである。(Means for Solving the Problems) The hydrochloric acid electrolysis method of the present invention is characterized in that a solution containing hydrochloric acid is electrolyzed using gas diffusion electrodes as an anode and a cathode.
本発明の塩酸の生成方法は、電解液に希塩酸溶液を用い
陽極および陰極にガス拡散電極を用い、陽極の電解液外
側より塩素ガスを陰極の電解液外側より水素ガスを供給
し、水素−塩素燃料電池とし、電力をえることおよび電
解液中に塩酸を生成すること特徴とするものである。The method for producing hydrochloric acid of the present invention uses a dilute hydrochloric acid solution as an electrolyte, gas diffusion electrodes as an anode and a cathode, and supplies chlorine gas from outside the electrolyte at the anode and hydrogen gas from outside the electrolyte at the cathode. It is a fuel cell, and is characterized by generating electricity and producing hydrochloric acid in the electrolyte.
以下本発明の詳細について説明する。The details of the present invention will be explained below.
ガス拡散電極は反応層とガス拡散層の二層を有する膜状
体のもので、反応層は、平均粒径４２０オンダストロン
グの撥水性カーボンブラックと親水性カーボンブラック
、平均粒径０．３ミクロンのポリテトラフルオロエチレ
ン（以下ＰＴＦＥとよぶ）と溶媒としてソルベントナフ
サからなり、その混合比は７：４：４：２０の割合で、
さらに白金ブラック平均粒径２０オングストロームを膜
厚０．Ｌｍｍに成型したときに、０． ５６ｍｇ／ｃ［
ＩＩ担持する割合を加え、混合して圧縮成型したのち、
２８０℃で加熱乾燥して溶媒を除去したものである。The gas diffusion electrode is a membrane-like material having two layers: a reaction layer and a gas diffusion layer.The reaction layer is made of water-repellent carbon black with an average particle size of 420 oz. and hydrophilic carbon black with an average particle size of 0.3 microns. It consists of polytetrafluoroethylene (hereinafter referred to as PTFE) and solvent naphtha as a solvent, with a mixing ratio of 7:4:4:20.
Furthermore, platinum black with an average particle diameter of 20 angstroms was coated with a film thickness of 0. When molded to Lmm, 0. 56mg/c [
After adding the proportion to support II, mixing and compression molding,
The solvent was removed by heating and drying at 280°C.
該反応層の特性は、電極としての導電性を持たせるため
にカーボンブラックが用いられている。Carbon black is used to provide the reaction layer with electrical conductivity as an electrode.
親水性カーボンブラックは電解液との濡れ性を良くする
ためであり、撥水性カーボンブラックは電極としての性
能を損なうことなく電解液の漏れを防ぐことができ、さ
らに、適度の撥水性を持たせるためにＰＴＦＥを加えて
いる。Hydrophilic carbon black improves wettability with the electrolyte, while water-repellent carbon black prevents leakage of the electrolyte without impairing its performance as an electrode, and also provides appropriate water repellency. For this purpose, PTFE is added.
また、白金は全体に均一分散しており、酸化還元反応を
促進するためである。In addition, platinum is uniformly dispersed throughout to promote redox reactions.
なお、塩素ガス発生側のガス拡散電極の反応層に、白金
に変えて酸化パラジウムまたは白金イリジウム合金を白
金と同量担持させるとより塩素ガスの発生過電圧を０．
１〜０．２■低下させることができる。Note that if the reaction layer of the gas diffusion electrode on the chlorine gas generation side supports palladium oxide or a platinum iridium alloy in the same amount as platinum instead of platinum, the overvoltage for chlorine gas generation can be further reduced to 0.
It can be reduced by 1 to 0.2 ■.
ガス拡散層は、０．１ミクロン以下の疎水性細孔のみを
有する膜で、平均粒径４２０オングストロームの撥水性
カーボンブラックと平均粒径０．３ミクロンのＰＴＦＥ
と溶媒としてソルベントナフサとを６：４：１８の割合
で混合し、厚さ０．４〜０．６ｍｍに成型し、２８０℃
で加熱乾燥して溶媒を除去したものである。The gas diffusion layer is a membrane that has only hydrophobic pores of 0.1 microns or less, and is made of water-repellent carbon black with an average particle size of 420 angstroms and PTFE with an average particle size of 0.3 microns.
and solvent naphtha as a solvent in a ratio of 6:4:18, molded to a thickness of 0.4 to 0.6 mm, and heated at 280°C.
The solvent was removed by heating and drying.
該ガス拡販層は、電解液の漏れを防ぐために１水性カー
ボンブラツクとＰＴＦＥを用いている。The gas sales layer uses monoaqueous carbon black and PTFE to prevent electrolyte leakage.
特に、ガスの通過性を高めるための細孔を有するもので
ある。In particular, it has pores to improve gas permeability.
ガス拡散電極は、上記の反応層とガス拡散層を接合した
もので、該ガス拡散電極は補強を施して用いることもで
きる。例えば金属の網状体に耐塩素および耐酸性の樹脂
被覆をしたものを用いて該ガス拡散電極を挟み固定すれ
ばよい。The gas diffusion electrode is made by joining the above-mentioned reaction layer and gas diffusion layer, and the gas diffusion electrode can also be used with reinforcement. For example, the gas diffusion electrode may be sandwiched and fixed using a metal net coated with a chlorine-resistant and acid-resistant resin.
第一図は本発明に関する塩素ガスおよび水素ガス発生装
置（以下「ガス発生装置」とよぶ。）の−例を示した模
式図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a chlorine gas and hydrogen gas generator (hereinafter referred to as "gas generator") according to the present invention.
ガス発生装置１は電解液２に反応層３１．３２が接する
ように極間１ ｗ以下に固定されたガス拡散電極５１．
５２と水素ガス取り出し口６を有する水素ガス室７と塩
素ガス取り出し口８を有する塩素ガス室９と電解液を供
給および取り出すために導管ｉ０ａ、１０ｂと外部より
電力を供給するためガス拡散電極に接続した陽極と陰極
の端子１１ａ、ｌｌｂから構成されている。The gas generator 1 includes gas diffusion electrodes 51.32 fixed at a spacing of 1 W or less so that the reaction layers 31.32 are in contact with the electrolytic solution 2.
52, a hydrogen gas chamber 7 having a hydrogen gas outlet 6, a chlorine gas chamber 9 having a chlorine gas outlet 8, conduits i0a and 10b for supplying and extracting electrolyte, and a gas diffusion electrode for supplying power from the outside. It consists of connected anode and cathode terminals 11a and llb.
電解液２として塩酸を含む溶液（塩酸２〜１２モル／１
を含み電解質として食塩を０〜４モル／ｌ含む）を用い
電圧１．５Ｖ、電流密度２００ｍＡ／ｃＩＩＩで電解す
ると塩酸を含む溶液の電解が行われ陰極側の反応層３２
中で水素ガスが発生するが、該水素ガスはガス拡散層４
２を通過して、水素ガス室７に出る。A solution containing hydrochloric acid as electrolyte 2 (2 to 12 mol of hydrochloric acid/1
When the solution containing hydrochloric acid is electrolyzed at a voltage of 1.5 V and a current density of 200 mA/cIII using a solution containing 0 to 4 mol/l of salt as an electrolyte, the reaction layer 32 on the cathode side
Hydrogen gas is generated inside the gas diffusion layer 4.
2 and exits to the hydrogen gas chamber 7.
水素ガス室７の水素ガスは水素ガス取り出し口６から取
り出す。Hydrogen gas in the hydrogen gas chamber 7 is taken out from the hydrogen gas outlet 6.
陽極側では電解液中の塩素イオンがガス拡散電極５１の
反応層３１中で塩素ガスとなりガス拡散層を通過して塩
素ガス室９にでる。On the anode side, chlorine ions in the electrolyte become chlorine gas in the reaction layer 31 of the gas diffusion electrode 51 and exit into the chlorine gas chamber 9 through the gas diffusion layer.
塩素ガス室９の塩素ガスは塩素ガス取り出し口８から取
り出す。Chlorine gas in the chlorine gas chamber 9 is taken out from the chlorine gas outlet 8.
導管１０ｂより電解後の電解液を取り出し、電解液貯留
容器等に入れておき、再利用する場合は塩酸を加えて調
整する。The electrolytic solution after electrolysis is taken out from the conduit 10b and placed in an electrolytic solution storage container or the like, and when it is to be reused, it is adjusted by adding hydrochloric acid.
また、連続的に電解を行う場合は、該電解液貯留容器か
ら導管１０ａに電解液を導くようにすればよい。Further, when electrolysis is performed continuously, the electrolyte may be introduced from the electrolyte storage container to the conduit 10a.
ガス拡散電極５１．５２の極間を１＋ｎｍ以下にするの
は、電解効率を高めるためであり、これを可能としてい
るのは、ガス拡散電極の反応層中で生成するガスがガス
拡散層から通過して電解液中に気泡が発生しないので安
定した電解ができるのである。The reason why the distance between the electrodes of the gas diffusion electrodes 51 and 52 is set to 1+ nm or less is to increase the electrolysis efficiency, and this is made possible because the gas generated in the reaction layer of the gas diffusion electrode passes through the gas diffusion layer. Since no bubbles are generated in the electrolyte, stable electrolysis can be achieved.
また、従来法の食塩電解では、隔膜を使用されており、
膜による抵抗が生じ０．３Ｖ程度の電力を余分に消費す
るが、本発明では、塩酸を電解するため隔膜の必要はな
く余分な電力消費がない。In addition, conventional salt electrolysis uses a diaphragm.
Although resistance due to the membrane occurs and an extra power of about 0.3 V is consumed, in the present invention, since hydrochloric acid is electrolyzed, there is no need for a diaphragm and no extra power is consumed.
尚、短時間により多くのガスを必要とするには上記電極
の表面積を大きくすればよく、同一装置を組み合わせた
り、あるいは電極を大きくするなど自由にできる。Incidentally, in order to require more gas in a short period of time, the surface area of the above-mentioned electrodes can be increased, and this can be done freely by combining the same devices or by increasing the size of the electrodes.
第２図は、本発明に関する塩酸生成装置の一例を示した
模式図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a hydrochloric acid generating apparatus according to the present invention.
塩酸生成装置１２は、第１図のガス発生装置とほぼ同一
の形式でよく、ガス拡散電極５１．５２を導電性の線１
４で接続すればよい。The hydrochloric acid generator 12 may be of substantially the same type as the gas generator shown in FIG.
You can connect with 4.
塩酸の生成方法は、水素ガス取り出し口６より水素ガス
を供給し、塩素ガス取り出し口８より塩素ガスを供給す
る。Hydrochloric acid is produced by supplying hydrogen gas from the hydrogen gas outlet 6 and supplying chlorine gas from the chlorine gas outlet 8.
また、電解液に変えて塩化水素の吸収液１３として希塩
酸０．５〜ｌＯモル／１を用いる。Further, 0.5 to 10 mol/1 dilute hydrochloric acid is used as the hydrogen chloride absorption liquid 13 instead of the electrolytic solution.
供給した水素ガスは、水素ガス室７に入りガス拡散電極
５２のガス拡散層４２を通過して反応層３２で水素イオ
ンと電子になる。The supplied hydrogen gas enters the hydrogen gas chamber 7, passes through the gas diffusion layer 42 of the gas diffusion electrode 52, and becomes hydrogen ions and electrons in the reaction layer 32.
該水素イオンは希塩酸中に入り、該電子は導電性の線１
４を伝わり対極側へ流れる。The hydrogen ions enter dilute hydrochloric acid, and the electrons enter the conductive line 1
4 and flows to the opposite pole.
供給した塩素ガスは、塩素ガス室９に入りガス拡散電極
５１のガス拡散層４１を通過して反応層３１で電子を得
て塩素イオンとなり希塩酸中に入り塩酸が生成する。The supplied chlorine gas enters the chlorine gas chamber 9, passes through the gas diffusion layer 41 of the gas diffusion electrode 51, obtains electrons in the reaction layer 31, becomes chlorine ions, enters dilute hydrochloric acid, and generates hydrochloric acid.
供給する水素ガスと塩素ガスは最大で２ｋｇ／ｃｎｆ程
度の圧力があればよく、吸収液として希塩酸を用いるの
は、導電性と生成した塩酸を再利用するのに適するから
である。The hydrogen gas and chlorine gas to be supplied need only have a pressure of about 2 kg/cnf at the maximum, and dilute hydrochloric acid is used as the absorption liquid because of its conductivity and suitability for reusing the generated hydrochloric acid.
尚、上記塩酸生成中に電子が移動するため、電力として
取り出すこともでき、また、ガス発生装置を用いて、使
用済の廃塩酸を電解して塩素ガスと水素ガスを得ること
もでき、さらに、ガス発生装置と塩酸生成装置を組み合
わせて廃塩酸を精製することもできる。In addition, since electrons move during the generation of hydrochloric acid, it can be extracted as electricity. Also, using a gas generator, used waste hydrochloric acid can be electrolyzed to obtain chlorine gas and hydrogen gas. It is also possible to purify waste hydrochloric acid by combining a gas generator and a hydrochloric acid generator.
その他、太陽エネルギー、深夜電力等を利用し水素ガス
と塩素ガスにエネルギを変換して貯留しておき、必要な
ときに水素ガスと塩素ガスを用いて電力として取り出す
二次電池としても利用できる。In addition, it can also be used as a secondary battery that converts energy into hydrogen gas and chlorine gas using solar energy, late-night electricity, etc., stores it, and extracts the hydrogen gas and chlorine gas as electricity when needed.
以下、本発明の実施例について説明する。Examples of the present invention will be described below.
実施例・１
第１図に示したガス発生装置を用い、電解液として塩酸
５モル／βを含む塩化す） ＩＪウム溶液（１２０ｇ／
β）を用い、極間０．９ｍｍとして、１、５Ｖの電圧で
電解した。Example 1 Using the gas generator shown in Fig. 1, a solution containing 5 mol/β of hydrochloric acid (120 g/
β), electrolysis was carried out at a voltage of 1.5 V with an electrode gap of 0.9 mm.
使用したガス拡散電極は反応層が０．１化の厚さで、ガ
ス拡散層が０．５ｍｍの厚さにして圧縮成型し接合し１
０ｃｍＸ１０ｃｍの大きさにしたもので、水素ガス発生
側のガス拡散電極の反応層には触媒として白金を担持し
たものを用い、塩素ガス発生側のガス拡散電極の反応層
には触媒として白金イリジウム３０％を担持したものを
用いた。The gas diffusion electrode used had a reaction layer with a thickness of 0.1mm, a gas diffusion layer with a thickness of 0.5mm, compression molded and bonded.
The size is 0 cm x 10 cm, and the reaction layer of the gas diffusion electrode on the hydrogen gas generation side is supported with platinum as a catalyst, and the reaction layer of the gas diffusion electrode on the chlorine gas generation side is supported with platinum-iridium 30 as a catalyst. % was used.
塩素ガス発生量は０．１１！／分で、水素ガス発生量は
０．１４ｆｌ／分であった。The amount of chlorine gas generated is 0.11! /min, and the amount of hydrogen gas generated was 0.14 fl/min.
実施例・２
実施例・１と同一条件で、極間を０．６＋ｎｎ＋にして
電解電圧を１．４８Ｖで行ったところ、塩素ガスの発生
量は実施例・１と変わらず、浴電圧の変化も見られなか
った。Example 2 Under the same conditions as Example 1, the electrode gap was set to 0.6+nn+ and the electrolysis voltage was 1.48V.The amount of chlorine gas generated was the same as in Example 1, but the bath voltage changed. I couldn't see either.
実施例・３
ガス発生装置は実施例・１と同様として、電解液として
塩酸３モル／βを含む塩化ナトリウム溶液（２４０ｇ／
ｊｌりを用い、極間０．９ｍｍとして、１．５４の電圧
で電解した。Example 3 The gas generator was the same as in Example 1, and a sodium chloride solution (240 g/β) containing 3 mol/β of hydrochloric acid was used as the electrolyte.
Electrolysis was carried out at a voltage of 1.54 using an electrode with a pitch of 0.9 mm.
使用したガス拡散電極は１０ｃｍＸ１０ｃｍのもので、
水素ガス発生側のガス拡散電極の反応層には触媒として
白金を担持したものを用い、塩素ガス発生側のガス拡散
電極の反応層には触媒として酸化パラジウムを担持した
ものを用いた。The gas diffusion electrode used was 10cm x 10cm.
The reaction layer of the gas diffusion electrode on the hydrogen gas generation side was supported with platinum as a catalyst, and the reaction layer of the gas diffusion electrode on the chlorine gas generation side was supported with palladium oxide as a catalyst.
塩素ガス発生量は０．１：ｌ／分で、水素ガス発生ｌは
０．１３Ｒ／分であった。The amount of chlorine gas generated was 0.1:l/min, and the amount of hydrogen gas generated was 0.13R/min.
実施例・４
実施例・３と同一条件で、極間を０．６ｍｍにして電解
電圧を１．５０Ｖで行ったところ、塩素ガスの発生量は
実施例・３（！：変わらず、浴電圧の時間変化も見られ
なかった。Example 4 When electrolysis was carried out under the same conditions as Example 3, with an electrode gap of 0.6 mm and a voltage of 1.50 V, the amount of chlorine gas generated was Example 3 (!: unchanged, bath voltage No change over time was observed.
実施例・５
第２図に示した塩酸生成装置を用い、用いたガス拡散電
極は実施例・１と同じものを用い、極間は０．９ｍｍと
して塩酸合成電池を構成した。Example 5 A hydrochloric acid synthesis battery was constructed using the hydrochloric acid generator shown in FIG. 2, using the same gas diffusion electrodes as in Example 1, and setting the gap between the electrodes to 0.9 mm.
希塩酸３モル／ｌの電解液を２００ｍ１をポンプで循環
させながら、水素ガスおよび塩素ガスを０ 、 ０５
ｋｇ／ａｎ！の圧力を保持して供給したところ、３０分
後の希塩酸濃度は５．１モル／βになっていた。While circulating 200 ml of dilute hydrochloric acid 3 mol/l electrolyte with a pump, hydrogen gas and chlorine gas were supplied at 0.05 ml.
kg/an! The dilute hydrochloric acid concentration after 30 minutes was 5.1 mol/β.
そのままの状態で継続し１時間後の希塩酸濃度は７．１
モル／βであった。Continuing to do so for 1 hour, the concentration of diluted hydrochloric acid was 7.1.
It was mol/β.
また、電池電圧を測定したところ０．９８Ｖであった。Further, when the battery voltage was measured, it was 0.98V.
実施例・６
実施例・５と同一条件で、極間を０．６ｍｒａにして、
水素ガスおよび塩素ガスの圧力を０．５ｋｇ／ｃｒｄに
して行ったところ、３０分後の希塩酸濃度は５．０モル
／ｌになっていた。Example 6 Under the same conditions as Example 5, the distance between poles was set to 0.6 mra,
When the pressure of hydrogen gas and chlorine gas was set to 0.5 kg/crd, the dilute hydrochloric acid concentration after 30 minutes was 5.0 mol/l.
そのままの状態で継続し１時間後の希塩酸濃度は７．０
モル／ｌであった。The concentration of diluted hydrochloric acid after 1 hour of continuing as it is is 7.0.
It was mol/l.
また、電池電圧を測定したところ１．ＯＯＶであった。Also, when the battery voltage was measured, 1. It was OOV.
実施例・７
塩酸生成装置は実施例・５と同様のものを用い、用いた
ガス拡散電極は実施例・３と同じものを用い、極間は０
．９ｍｍとして導電性の線は銅線を用いた。Example 7 The same hydrochloric acid generator as in Example 5 was used, the gas diffusion electrode used was the same as in Example 3, and the gap between the electrodes was 0.
．． A copper wire was used as the conductive wire with a thickness of 9 mm.
希塩酸２モル／βを電解液として、水素ガスおよび塩素
ガスを０ 、 ０２ ｋｇ／ｃｍの圧力を保持して供給
したところ、３０分後の希塩酸濃度は４．２モル／ｌに
なっていた。When hydrogen gas and chlorine gas were supplied while maintaining a pressure of 0.02 kg/cm using 2 mol/β of diluted hydrochloric acid as an electrolyte, the concentration of diluted hydrochloric acid after 30 minutes was 4.2 mol/l.
そのままの状態で継続し１時間後の希塩酸濃度は６．３
モル／１であった。The concentration of diluted hydrochloric acid after 1 hour of continuing as it is is 6.3.
It was mol/1.
また、電池電圧を測定したところ０．９６Ｖであった。Moreover, when the battery voltage was measured, it was 0.96V.
実施例・８
実施例・７と同一条件で、極間を０．６１１１１１１に
して、水素ガスおよび塩素ガスの圧力を１．５ｋｇ／ｃ
ｒｄにして行ったところ、３０分後の希塩酸濃度は５．
３モル／βになっていた。Example 8 Under the same conditions as Example 7, the electrode gap was set to 0.6111111, and the pressure of hydrogen gas and chlorine gas was 1.5 kg/c.
rd, the diluted hydrochloric acid concentration after 30 minutes was 5.
It was 3 mol/β.
そのままの状態で継続し１時間後の希塩酸濃度は８．５
モル／ｌであった。Continuing to do so for 1 hour, the concentration of diluted hydrochloric acid was 8.5.
It was mol/l.
また、電池電圧を測定したところ０．９６Ｖであった。Moreover, when the battery voltage was measured, it was 0.96V.
（発明の効果）
本発明の塩酸の電解方法は、陽極および陰極にガス拡散
電極を用いるので、従来法のように電解液中に水素や塩
素のガスが発生することがなく、電極間をｌ ｍｍ以下
に狭めることができ、理論電解電圧に極めて近い低い電
圧で電解でき、電解効率を向上することができるもので
ある。また従来アルカリ中和処理をし排水していた塩酸
を含む廃液を電解して塩素ガスや水素ガスを低コストで
回収することができ、さらにこれらのガスを本発明のも
う一つの方法により塩酸を生成するようにすれば、廃液
から塩酸を回収、精製することができるのみならず電気
エネルギーも回収できる。(Effects of the Invention) Since the hydrochloric acid electrolysis method of the present invention uses gas diffusion electrodes for the anode and cathode, hydrogen and chlorine gases are not generated in the electrolyte as in the conventional method, and there is no gap between the electrodes. It can be narrowed down to less than 1 mm, electrolysis can be performed at a low voltage extremely close to the theoretical electrolysis voltage, and the electrolysis efficiency can be improved. In addition, chlorine gas and hydrogen gas can be recovered at low cost by electrolyzing waste liquid containing hydrochloric acid, which was conventionally treated with alkali neutralization and drained. If generated, not only can hydrochloric acid be recovered and purified from waste liquid, but also electrical energy can be recovered.
−力木発明の塩酸の生成方法は、上記発明同様陽極およ
び陰極にガス拡散電極を用いるので、塩素ガスと水素ガ
スで簡単に電池を構成することができ、塩酸を生成する
と同時に電気エネルギーを得ることができる。また従来
法のように装置が複雑かつ大型である必要もなく操作も
簡単である。- Since the method for producing hydrochloric acid invented by Rikiki uses gas diffusion electrodes for the anode and cathode as in the above invention, it is possible to easily construct a battery with chlorine gas and hydrogen gas, and obtain electrical energy at the same time as producing hydrochloric acid. be able to. Further, unlike the conventional method, the device does not need to be complicated and large, and the operation is simple.
さらに太陽エネルギー等の貯蔵を塩酸を電解して塩素と
水素ガスにかえておき、必要なときにその塩素と水素ガ
スで塩酸を生成して電気エネルギーを取り出すことがで
きる二次電池としても働き、その利用は極めて広いもの
である。Furthermore, it works as a secondary battery that can store solar energy, etc. by electrolyzing hydrochloric acid and converting it into chlorine and hydrogen gas, and when necessary, generates hydrochloric acid from the chlorine and hydrogen gas and extracts electrical energy. Its use is extremely wide.
第１図は本発明の塩酸の電解方法を示す概略図、第２図
は本発明の塩酸の生成方法を示す概略図である。
出願人 田中貴金属工業株式会社
古屋長−FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the method for electrolyzing hydrochloric acid according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the method for producing hydrochloric acid according to the present invention. Applicant Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Co., Ltd. Furuyacho
Claims (1)
溶液を電解することを特徴とする塩酸の電解方法。 ２、電解液に希塩酸溶液を用い、陽極および陰極にガス
拡散電極を用い、陽極気室より塩素ガスを、陰極気室よ
り水素ガスを供給し水素−塩素燃料電池とし、電気エネ
ルギーおよび電解液中に塩酸を生成することを特徴とす
る塩酸の生成方法。[Claims] 1. A method for electrolyzing hydrochloric acid, which comprises electrolyzing a solution containing hydrochloric acid using gas diffusion electrodes as an anode and a cathode. 2. Using a dilute hydrochloric acid solution as the electrolyte, using gas diffusion electrodes as the anode and cathode, and supplying chlorine gas from the anode air chamber and hydrogen gas from the cathode air chamber, a hydrogen-chlorine fuel cell is created, which generates electrical energy and the electrolyte. A method for producing hydrochloric acid, the method comprising: producing hydrochloric acid.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17967088A JPH0230784A (en) | 1988-07-19 | 1988-07-19 | Method for electrolyzing hydrochloric acid and formation of hydrochloric acid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17967088A JPH0230784A (en) | 1988-07-19 | 1988-07-19 | Method for electrolyzing hydrochloric acid and formation of hydrochloric acid |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0230784A true JPH0230784A (en) | 1990-02-01 |
Family
ID=16069821
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17967088A Pending JPH0230784A (en) | 1988-07-19 | 1988-07-19 | Method for electrolyzing hydrochloric acid and formation of hydrochloric acid |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0230784A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0552170A1 (en) * | 1990-09-26 | 1993-07-28 | Solar Reactor Technologies, Inc. | Alkali metal hydroxide generation system and the method therefor |
| JP2011518257A (en) * | 2008-04-22 | 2011-06-23 | ケメタル・フット・コーポレイション | Method for producing high purity lithium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid |
-
1988
- 1988-07-19 JP JP17967088A patent/JPH0230784A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0552170A1 (en) * | 1990-09-26 | 1993-07-28 | Solar Reactor Technologies, Inc. | Alkali metal hydroxide generation system and the method therefor |
| EP0552170A4 (en) * | 1990-09-26 | 1994-03-18 | Solar Reactor Tech | Alkali metal hydroxide generation system and the method therefor. |
| JP2011518257A (en) * | 2008-04-22 | 2011-06-23 | ケメタル・フット・コーポレイション | Method for producing high purity lithium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid |
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