JPH02304841A - Hollow cathode - Google Patents
Hollow cathodeInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02304841A JPH02304841A JP1127214A JP12721489A JPH02304841A JP H02304841 A JPH02304841 A JP H02304841A JP 1127214 A JP1127214 A JP 1127214A JP 12721489 A JP12721489 A JP 12721489A JP H02304841 A JPH02304841 A JP H02304841A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heater
- cathode tube
- tube
- heat
- cathode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Beryllium oxide Chemical compound O=[Be] LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012857 radioactive material Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Electron Sources, Ion Sources (AREA)
- Solid Thermionic Cathode (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
この発明は人工衛星の姿勢制御に用いられるイオンエン
ジンやイオン源においてイオン源として用いられるホロ
ーカソードに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a hollow cathode used as an ion source in an ion engine or an ion source used for attitude control of an artificial satellite.
第３図は例えば特開昭５８−１０２４４１号公報に記載
された従来のホローカソードを断面図で示したものであ
る。同図において、１は取付フランジ、２は取付フラン
ジ１に一端を気密に接合された陰極バイブ、３はこの陰
極管２の他端の内周に気密に接合された微細孔３ａを有
する金属円板、４は陰極管２の他端側外周に下部被覆層
５を介して巻回された加熱ヒータであって、上部被覆層
６で覆われて固定されている。７は電子放射性物質から
なる筒状の放電陰極であって、陰極管２の他端側に内嵌
されている。８は放電維持用の陽極であって、陰極管２
の上記他端に対し所定距離を隔てて対向配置されており
、高電圧が印加される。９は作動用ガスである。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional hollow cathode disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-102441. In the figure, 1 is a mounting flange, 2 is a cathode vibrator whose one end is hermetically joined to the mounting flange 1, and 3 is a metal circle having a microhole 3a hermetically joined to the inner circumference of the other end of the cathode tube 2. A plate 4 is a heater that is wound around the outer periphery of the other end of the cathode tube 2 with a lower coating layer 5 in between, and is covered and fixed with an upper coating layer 6. Reference numeral 7 denotes a cylindrical discharge cathode made of an electron radioactive material, and is fitted inside the other end of the cathode tube 2 . 8 is an anode for maintaining the discharge, and the cathode tube 2
It is located on the opposite distance to the other end of the above, and a high voltage is applied. 9 is a working gas.
この構成において、陰極管２内に作動用ガス９を導入し
て、加熱ヒータ４への通電が開始されると、発生熱は下
部被覆層５および陰極管２を通し放電電極７に熱電導さ
れ、この放電電極７が加熱される。次いで、陽極８に高
電圧が印加されると、放電電極７から熱電子放出が始ま
り、やがて気体放電が形成される。気体放電が始まると
、陰極管２内の空間電荷がイオンで緩和されるので、高
密度の電子流が生じる。In this configuration, when the working gas 9 is introduced into the cathode tube 2 and energization to the heater 4 is started, the generated heat is thermally conducted to the discharge electrode 7 through the lower coating layer 5 and the cathode tube 2. , this discharge electrode 7 is heated. Next, when a high voltage is applied to the anode 8, thermionic emission begins from the discharge electrode 7, and eventually a gas discharge is formed. When gas discharge begins, the space charge within the cathode tube 2 is relaxed by ions, resulting in a high-density electron flow.
ところで、下部被覆層５は、通常、溶射法により形成し
たアルミナ厚膜であり、金属製の陰極管２と加熱ヒータ
４を電気的に絶縁している。溶射法により形成されたア
ルミナは下地金属である陰極管２と強固に接着するが、
多孔性であるために焼結アルミナに比して熱伝導性が悪
く、焼結アルミナの１１５〜１／１０程度である。By the way, the lower coating layer 5 is usually a thick alumina film formed by a thermal spraying method, and electrically insulates the metal cathode tube 2 and the heater 4. Alumina formed by thermal spraying firmly adheres to the cathode tube 2, which is the base metal, but
Because it is porous, it has poor thermal conductivity compared to sintered alumina, and is about 115 to 1/10 of that of sintered alumina.
このため、熱効率が悪く、放電電極７に所望の熱を与え
るためには、加熱ヒータ４の発生熱を高くしなくてはな
らず、高くすると、下部被覆層５および上部被覆層６の
早期劣化を招くという問題があった。Therefore, thermal efficiency is poor, and in order to give the desired heat to the discharge electrode 7, the heat generated by the heater 4 must be increased, and if it is increased, the lower coating layer 5 and the upper coating layer 6 will deteriorate prematurely There was the problem of inviting
この発明は上記問題を解消するためになされたもので、
従来に比し、熱効率を高めることができ、ヒータを含む
周辺部材の早期劣化を防ぐことができるホローカソード
を提供することを目的とする。This invention was made to solve the above problem.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a hollow cathode that can increase thermal efficiency and prevent premature deterioration of peripheral members including a heater, compared to conventional ones.
この発明は上記目的を達成するため、請求項１では、陰
極管を良熱伝導性の耐熱絶縁材料からなる構成としてヒ
ータを該陰極管の外周に直接配設し、請求項２では、陰
極管が、開口側の第１の管部材と、放電電極およびヒー
タを装着される加熱側の第２の管部材とを気密に縦続接
続した構成とし、第１の管部材は低熱電導性の耐熱絶縁
材料または金属材料を用い、第２の管部材は良熱電導性
の耐熱絶縁材料を用いるようにしたものである。In order to achieve the above object, in claim 1, the cathode tube is made of a heat-resistant insulating material with good thermal conductivity, and a heater is directly disposed on the outer periphery of the cathode tube, and in claim 2, the cathode tube is However, the first tube member on the opening side and the second tube member on the heating side to which the discharge electrode and heater are attached are connected in series in an airtight manner, and the first tube member is made of heat-resistant insulation with low thermal conductivity. or a metal material, and the second tube member is made of a heat-resistant insulating material with good thermal conductivity.
この発明ではヒータは直接陰極管を加熱し、少なくとも
陰極管のヒータで加熱される部分が良熱伝導性の耐熱材
料からなるから、ヒータの発生熱は高い熱効率をもって
放電電極に伝達される。In this invention, the heater directly heats the cathode tube, and at least the portion of the cathode tube heated by the heater is made of a heat-resistant material with good thermal conductivity, so that the heat generated by the heater is transferred to the discharge electrode with high thermal efficiency.
以下、この発明の１実施例を図面を参照して説明する。 Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
第１図において、１０はセラミック製の陰極管であって
、一端はロー付けにより取付フランジｌに気密に接合さ
れ他端には金属円板３がロー付けにより接合されている
。加熱ヒータ４ばこの陰極管１０に直接巻回されている
。セラミック材料としては熱伝導性の良好をアルミナ、
窒化ホウ素、ベリリア等を用いる。他の構成は第３図の
ものと同じであるので、同一符号を付して示しである。In FIG. 1, 10 is a ceramic cathode tube, one end of which is hermetically joined to a mounting flange 1 by brazing, and the other end of which is joined to a metal disc 3 by brazing. The heater 4 is directly wound around the cathode tube 10 of the heater. Alumina, which has good thermal conductivity, is a ceramic material.
Boron nitride, beryllia, etc. are used. Since the other configurations are the same as those in FIG. 3, they are indicated by the same reference numerals.
この構成においては、陰極管１０が加熱ヒータ４により
直接加熱され、陰極管１０は良好な熱伝導性を有してい
るので、陰極管と加熱ヒータ４との間に下部被覆層５が
介在している前記従来の構造に比し熱効率を高くするこ
とができ、その分、加熱ヒータ４の発生熱量を低減する
ことができる。In this configuration, the cathode tube 10 is directly heated by the heater 4, and since the cathode tube 10 has good thermal conductivity, the lower coating layer 5 is interposed between the cathode tube and the heater 4. Thermal efficiency can be increased compared to the conventional structure described above, and the amount of heat generated by the heater 4 can be reduced accordingly.
上記実施例の陰極管１０は全長が熱伝導性の良い耐熱絶
縁材料で作られているが、第２図に示すように、陰極管
１０を熱伝導性の良い耐熱絶縁材料で作られた第１の管
部材１０Ａと、ジルコニア等の熱伝導性の低い耐熱絶縁
材料で作られた第２の管部材１０Ｂとの接合体とすれば
、取付フランジｌ側への熱逃散を防ぐことができ、より
熱効率を向上することができる。The entire length of the cathode tube 10 in the above embodiment is made of a heat-resistant insulating material with good thermal conductivity, but as shown in FIG. If the first pipe member 10A is joined to the second pipe member 10B made of a heat-resistant insulating material with low thermal conductivity such as zirconia, it is possible to prevent heat from escaping to the mounting flange l side. Thermal efficiency can be further improved.
この発明は以上説明した通り、熱伝導が良好な耐熱絶縁
材料からなる陰極管を直接ヒータで加熱する構成とした
から、従来に比して熱効率を高めることができ、その分
、ヒータの加熱温度を下げることができるので、ヒータ
および該ヒータの熱を直接受ける絶縁部材の早期劣化を
防ぐことができる。As explained above, this invention has a structure in which a cathode tube made of a heat-resistant insulating material with good heat conduction is directly heated by a heater, so that thermal efficiency can be increased compared to the conventional method, and the heating temperature of the heater is increased accordingly. Since the temperature can be lowered, early deterioration of the heater and the insulating member that directly receives the heat of the heater can be prevented.
第１図はこの発明の実施例を示す断面図、第２図はこの
発明の他の実施例を示す断面図、第３図は従来のホロー
カソードを示す断面図である。
図において、３−金属円板、４−・−加熱ヒータ、６−
・−上部被覆層、７−放電電極、８・−陽極、１０−＝
陰極管、ｌ０Ａ−・＝第１の管部材、１０ Ｂ−第２の
管部材。
なお、図中、同一符号は同一または相当部分を示す。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a conventional hollow cathode. In the figure, 3 - metal disk, 4 - heater, 6 -
・-upper coating layer, 7-discharge electrode, 8--anode, 10-=
Cathode tube, 10A-.=first tube member, 10B-second tube member. In addition, in the figures, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.
Claims (2)
開口から作動用ガスを供給される陰極管、この陰極管の
内部所定位置に収納された電子放射性物質からなる放電
電極、上記陰極管の上記金属円板に対し所定間隔を隔て
て配設された陽極および上記放電電極を加熱するための
ヒータを有するホローカソードにおいて、上記陰極管が
良熱伝導性の耐熱絶縁材料からなり、上記ヒータは該陰
極管の外周に直接配設されて該陰極管の管壁を隔てて上
記放電電極と対向していることを特徴とするホローカソ
ード。(1) A cathode tube whose one end is sealed with a metal disk having micropores and to which a working gas is supplied from an opening at the other end, a discharge electrode made of an electron radioactive substance housed in a predetermined position inside the cathode tube, and the cathode mentioned above. A hollow cathode having an anode disposed at a predetermined distance from the metal disc of the tube and a heater for heating the discharge electrode, wherein the cathode tube is made of a heat-resistant insulating material with good thermal conductivity; A hollow cathode characterized in that a heater is disposed directly on the outer periphery of the cathode tube and faces the discharge electrode across a tube wall of the cathode tube.
よびヒータを装着される加熱側の第２の管部材とを気密
に縦続接続してなり、第１の管部材は低熱伝導性の耐熱
絶縁材料または金属材料からり、第２の管部材は良熱伝
導性の耐熱絶縁材料からなる請求項１記載のホローカソ
ード。(2) A cathode tube is formed by airtightly connecting a first tube member on the opening side and a second tube member on the heating side, which is equipped with a discharge electrode and a heater, in series, and the first tube member has a low temperature. The hollow cathode according to claim 1, wherein the hollow cathode is made of a conductive heat-resistant insulating material or a metal material, and the second tube member is made of a heat-resistant insulating material with good heat conductivity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1127214A JPH02304841A (en) | 1989-05-18 | 1989-05-18 | Hollow cathode |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1127214A JPH02304841A (en) | 1989-05-18 | 1989-05-18 | Hollow cathode |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02304841A true JPH02304841A (en) | 1990-12-18 |
Family
ID=14954551
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1127214A Pending JPH02304841A (en) | 1989-05-18 | 1989-05-18 | Hollow cathode |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02304841A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20140141437A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2014-12-10 | 가부시키가이샤 에스이엔 | Insulating structure and insulating method |
| CN105006412A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-10-28 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | Ceramic assembly of hollow cathode heater |
-
1989
- 1989-05-18 JP JP1127214A patent/JPH02304841A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20140141437A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2014-12-10 | 가부시키가이샤 에스이엔 | Insulating structure and insulating method |
| JP2014235814A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2014-12-15 | 株式会社Ｓｅｎ | Insulation structure and insulation method |
| CN104217913A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2014-12-17 | 斯伊恩股份有限公司 | Insulation structure and insulation method |
| CN105006412A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-10-28 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | Ceramic assembly of hollow cathode heater |
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