JPH0230318B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0230318B2 JPH0230318B2 JP59051352A JP5135284A JPH0230318B2 JP H0230318 B2 JPH0230318 B2 JP H0230318B2 JP 59051352 A JP59051352 A JP 59051352A JP 5135284 A JP5135284 A JP 5135284A JP H0230318 B2 JPH0230318 B2 JP H0230318B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sewage
- water
- sand
- substances
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001070941 Castanea Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000014036 Castanea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000256135 Chironomus thummi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238562 Farfantepenaeus aztecus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241001233061 earthworms Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は汚水処理方法並びにこれに使用する汚
水処理用過構造物に関し、その目的とする所は
大量の低濃度汚水を簡単にしかも低経費でしかも
維持管理費のほとんど不要な放流出来る方法を提
供することである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a sewage treatment method and a sewage treatment overstructure used in the method, and its purpose is to easily treat a large amount of low-concentration sewage at low cost, and with almost no maintenance and management costs. The objective is to provide a method that can eliminate unnecessary water discharge.
汚水処理方法として従来から知られている方法
としては各種の方法があり、たとえば固液分離方
法、物理化学的処理方法、生物化学的処理方法、
熱処理方法等があり、汚水の特性によつて適宜に
適用されて来た。 There are various methods conventionally known as wastewater treatment methods, such as solid-liquid separation methods, physicochemical treatment methods, biochemical treatment methods,
There are heat treatment methods, etc., which have been applied as appropriate depending on the characteristics of the wastewater.
低濃度にしてしかも大量の汚水たとえば流入ま
たは生成汚水量が10万m2／日の如き大量の汚水で
も、これを直接放流することは許されず、特に最
近社会的にますます許されなくなつて来ている。
而してこれ等大量の低濃度汚水を放流出来る程度
まで処理する方法として従来のいずれの方法を適
用しても建設費、維持管理費等が高く、また簡単
に処理することは出来ない。たとえば海面埋立の
如き工事の場合たとえば浚渫土砂処分地などに於
ける大量の低濃度汚水の発生の処理等については
従来の処理方法に代る全く新しい処理方法が強く
要望されている。 Direct discharge of low-concentration sewage, even large amounts of sewage such as 100,000 m 2 /day of inflow or generated sewage, is not allowed, and especially in recent years, it has become increasingly socially unacceptable. It is coming.
However, no matter which conventional methods are applied to treat large amounts of low-concentration wastewater to the extent that it can be discharged, construction costs, maintenance costs, etc. are high, and treatment cannot be easily performed. For example, in the case of construction work such as sea surface reclamation, there is a strong demand for completely new treatment methods to replace conventional treatment methods, such as in the treatment of large amounts of low-concentration sewage generated at dredged soil disposal sites.
本発明者はかかる従来の要望に注目し、これ等
要望に応え得る新しい方法を開発すべく鋭意研究
を続けて来たが、この研究に於いて支持層として
通水性を有する斜面を有する構造物を使用し、こ
の斜面上に砂過層を形成し、一方大量の汚水中
には植物性プランクトを繁殖せしめて、汚水中の
富栄養化物を摂取せしめ、該汚水を上記過層中
を通過せしめて該プランクトンを除去するとき
は、所期の目的が達成出来ることを見出し、茲に
完成するにいたつた。 The inventors of the present invention have paid attention to such conventional demands, and have continued their earnest research to develop a new method that can meet these demands. A sand overlayer is formed on the slope using a sand filter, while plant plank are allowed to grow in a large amount of sewage to ingest eutrophic substances in the wastewater, and the wastewater is passed through the overlayer. They discovered that the intended purpose could be achieved by removing the plankton, and the project was finally completed.
即ち、本発明は、下記の汚水処理方法および該
汚水処理方法において使用される装置を提供する
ものである：
大量の低濃度汚水を処理して放流するに際し、
該汚水の貯留池で浮遊性植物性プランクトンを増
殖せしめて該汚水中の有機物、窒素性物質、燐系
物質等の富栄養化物質を摂取せしめ且つ該汚水を
通水性土台上に形成した斜面状砂過層を通過せ
しめて、該プランクトンを除去することを特徴と
する汚水処理方法、
および
通水性支持体の斜面上に傾斜度約0.5〜10度且
つ厚さ約50〜100cmの砂過層を形成して低濃度
汚水の貯留部となし、該汚水中の富栄養化物質を
栄養源として増殖する浮遊性植物性プランクトン
を該砂過層により除去する様に構成してなる汚
水処理用過構築物。 That is, the present invention provides the following sewage treatment method and apparatus used in the sewage treatment method: When treating and discharging a large amount of low-concentration sewage,
A sloping surface formed on a base that allows the sewage to permeate, allowing floating phytoplankton to proliferate in the sewage storage pond and ingest eutrophic substances such as organic matter, nitrogenous substances, and phosphorous substances in the sewage. A method for treating sewage characterized by removing plankton by passing through a sand filter layer, and a sand filter layer having an inclination of about 0.5 to 10 degrees and a thickness of about 50 to 100 cm on the slope of a water-permeable support. An overstructured structure for sewage treatment, which is configured to form a storage area for low-concentration sewage, and to remove floating phytoplankton that proliferates using eutrophic substances in the sewage as a nutrient source, using the sand filter layer. .
本発明法によれば汚水中に植物性プランクトン
に汚水中の富栄養化物たとえば有機物、窒素、燐
等を摂取せしめることにより、自然にしかも殆ん
ど維持管理費を要することなくCOD値を極めて
有意にしかも大巾に低下せしめ得られ、また該汚
水を通水性支持物の斜面上に形成せしめた砂過
層を通過せしめることにより、該プランクトンを
該過層を通過した処理水は該支持物中を通つて
放流される。この砂過層自体は極めて安価であ
り、また通水性支持物自体もその建設費としても
特に高くつくものでもない。 According to the method of the present invention, by allowing phytoplankton to ingest eutrophic substances such as organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, etc. in wastewater, the COD value can be significantly increased naturally and with almost no maintenance costs. In addition, by passing the wastewater through a sand layer formed on the slope of a water-permeable support, the plankton in the treated water that has passed through the layer is absorbed into the support. It is discharged through. The sand filter layer itself is extremely inexpensive, and the water-permeable support itself is not particularly expensive in terms of construction cost.
本発明方法に於いて使用する通水性支持物上に
形成された砂過層の代表例を図面を用いて説明
する。第１図は、その概略証明図であり、同図中
１は通水性支持物、２は砂過層、３は放水口、
４は沈澱池又は汚水貯留池、５は汚水である。砂
過層２の傾斜は通常角度0.5〜10゜程度であり、
またその層の厚さは通常50〜100cm好ましくは70
〜90cm程度である。また通水性支持物としては広
く各種の構造物が使用出来るが、たとえば栗石の
積載物等を例示出来る。そして汚水５中には植物
性プランクトンが存在し、該汚水中の富栄養化物
を摂取して増殖すると共に汚水の溶存性COD値
を低下する。一方汚水は砂過層を通過して該
過層２で該プランクトンが除去され、過水は通
水性支持物１を通つて放流口３により所定の場所
に放流される。砂過層２は過が進むにつれて
目詰りが生じるが、その大部分は砂過層の表面
層約５cm程度までの所であり、従つてこの層を除
去することにより目詰りを除去し、有効に再利用
が可能となる。そしてこれを繰返して、過層が
かなり薄くなつた段階で再度新しい砂を補給すれ
ば良い。 A typical example of a sand layer formed on a water-permeable support used in the method of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the proof, in which 1 is a water-permeable support, 2 is a sand layer, 3 is a water outlet,
4 is a sedimentation pond or sewage storage pond, and 5 is sewage. The slope of sand layer 2 is usually about 0.5 to 10 degrees;
Also, the thickness of the layer is usually 50-100cm, preferably 70cm
~90cm. Furthermore, a wide variety of structures can be used as the water-permeable support, and examples include piles of chestnut stone. Phytoplankton exists in the wastewater 5, ingests eutrophic substances in the wastewater, proliferates, and lowers the dissolved COD value of the wastewater. On the other hand, the sewage passes through the sand filter layer, and the plankton is removed in the sand filter layer 2, and the waste water passes through the water-permeable support 1 and is discharged to a predetermined location through the discharge port 3. As the sand layer 2 progresses, clogging occurs, but most of the clogging occurs within the surface layer of the sand layer 2, which is about 5 cm. Therefore, by removing this layer, the clogging can be removed and effectively removed. can be reused. Then, repeat this process and replenish new sand when the overlayer becomes considerably thinner.
第２図は本発明法の別の実施態様を示すもので
あり、同図中の番号１〜５は第１図と同じことを
示し、また６は外海、７は中仕切、８は沈澱池４
の築堤を示す。 FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the method of the present invention, in which the numbers 1 to 5 indicate the same things as in FIG. 4
It shows the embankment.
第３図は通水性支持物上に形成された砂過層
の形態を示すものであり、いずれも表面層を示し
ている。 FIG. 3 shows the form of a sand layer formed on a water-permeable support, and both show the surface layer.
本発明法に於いてはまた該砂過層の少くとも
一部を空気に曝露せしめることにより自然力を利
用して該過層の浄化浄化再生を行うことが出来
る。更に詳しくは、沈澱池４の水位を一時的に低
下せしめることにより該砂過層が空気中に曝露
され、しかも該過層が斜面状に形成されている
ために、若干の水位の低下によつてもかなり大き
な面積が空気に曝露される。空気中に曝露された
砂過層中の表面には植物性プランクトンが存在
しており、この植物性プランクトンは、ごかい、
ユスリカの幼虫、イトミミズ等の生物により摂取
されて自然に浄化される。水位を低下せしめる手
段としては特に限定されず、各種の手段に依り行
なわれるが、その代表的な手段としては、たとえ
ば汚水の沈澱池への導入をかんけつ的に行う手
段、沈澱池の一部に中仕切を設ける手段、該過
層の対流口を外海と接して設けて潮の干満潮を利
用する手段、等を例示出来る。また、この様に外
海に接して設けた場合は潮の干潮により過層が
逆洗され、これによつても浄化作用が行われる。 In the method of the present invention, by exposing at least a portion of the sand filter layer to air, the sand filter layer can be purified and regenerated using natural forces. More specifically, by temporarily lowering the water level of the sedimentation tank 4, the sand overlayer is exposed to the air, and since the overlayer is formed in the form of a slope, a slight drop in the water level will expose the sand overlayer to the air. However, a fairly large area is exposed to air. Phytoplankton exists on the surface of the sand layer exposed to the air.
It is ingested by creatures such as midge larvae and earthworms and is naturally purified. The means for lowering the water level is not particularly limited and can be carried out by various means, but representative means include, for example, means of introducing sewage into a sedimentation basin in an integrated manner, or a method of introducing a part of the sedimentation basin Examples include means for providing a partition in the upper layer, and means for utilizing the ebb and flow of the tide by providing the convection opening of the overlayer in contact with the open sea. In addition, when installed in contact with the open sea in this way, the overlayer is backwashed by low tide, and this also provides a purification effect.
また本発明に於いては、たとえば第２図にも示
す通り堤防の一部として該過層を形成すること
が出来、極めて経済的に優れている。 Further, in the present invention, the overlayer can be formed as a part of the embankment, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, which is extremely economical.
以下に実施例を示して本発明法を具体的に説明
する。 The method of the present invention will be specifically explained below with reference to Examples.
実施例
長さ100ｍ、幅50ｍ、面積50a、水深１〜1.5ｍ
水量約5000〜6000m3の養魚池は、餌料の投入等に
よつて富栄養化状態となりプランクトンが発生
し、かなり汚濁されている。この放流水をほとん
ど維持管理費なしで簡単にかつ建設費もできるだ
け安価な施設で処理する方法が必要となり、本発
明を適用することにした。Example length 100m, width 50m, area 50a, water depth 1-1.5m
Fish ponds with a water volume of approximately 5,000 to 6,000 m 3 have become eutrophic due to the input of feed, etc., and plankton has been generated, resulting in considerable pollution. There was a need for a method to treat this discharged water easily with almost no maintenance costs, and in a facility with as low construction costs as possible, and so we decided to apply the present invention.
本池に流入可能な清浄水は、年間平均250m3／
日で、池での平均滞留時間は20日であるが年間を
通じて大きい変化があり、とくに雨期には流入量
が大きい。そこで、まず池の一角に放流口がある
ので、これを含む幅20ｍ、斜面長さ15ｍ、垂直高
さ1.5ｍの斜面に栗石を敷き詰め集水層とし、そ
の上にナイロン網を敷いた上、有効径0.5mm均等
係数2.0の砂を厚さ60cmにしきつめ（過面積300
m2）砂過層とした。初期には過速度は充分に
維持できたが、その後、梅雨期などに処理装置へ
の流入量が特に大きくなり、閉塞状態となつた。
この場合、過表面をかきとつたりあるいはかき
まぜることによつて過速度を上昇させて正常な
処理機能を発生させることができた。 The amount of clean water that can flow into the main pond is 250m3 /year on average.
The average residence time in the pond is 20 days, but there are large changes throughout the year, and the amount of inflow is particularly large during the rainy season. First, there is an outlet in one corner of the pond, and the slope including this outlet is 20 meters wide, 15 meters long, and 1.5 meters vertically, and is covered with chestnut stones to create a water catchment layer.A nylon net is laid on top of this. Sand with an effective diameter of 0.5 mm and a uniformity factor of 2.0 is packed to a thickness of 60 cm (over area of 300
m2 ) sand layer. Initially, the overspeed could be maintained sufficiently, but later on, during the rainy season, the flow into the processing equipment became especially large, and the equipment became blocked.
In this case, by scraping or agitating the oversurface, it was possible to increase the overspeed and generate normal process function.
また、夏場は蒸発量が多く、さらに台風の襲来
があり、水位変動が激しかつた。この時は、過
層斜面にユスリカの幼虫、カワエビ、タニシ、カ
ワニナ等が生棲し、それらが砂過層をかき混ぜ
ることによりいわゆる干潟効果が発揮され、安定
した処理性能を保つた。 Additionally, in the summer, there is a lot of evaporation, and there are also typhoons, which causes severe water level fluctuations. At this time, chironomid larvae, red shrimp, snails, snails, etc. lived on the overlayered slope, and as they stirred up the sandy overlayer, a so-called tidal flat effect was exerted, and stable treatment performance was maintained.
こうしてほとんど維持管理費を必要としないで
かつ公共用水域を汚染することなく、池内の水の
水質管理を行うことができた。ちなみに水質的に
みれば池内水の年間平均BOD20mg／、COD30
mg／、PH8.3、SS20mg／に対して、放流水の
年間平均BOD5mg／、COD15mg／、PH8.3、
SS5mg／の清澄な放流水を得ることができた。 In this way, we were able to manage the water quality in the pond with almost no maintenance costs and without polluting public water bodies. By the way, in terms of water quality, the annual average of the pond water is BOD20mg/, COD30
mg/, PH8.3, SS20mg/, annual average BOD of effluent water 5mg/, COD15mg/, PH8.3,
We were able to obtain clear effluent water containing 5 mg of SS.
第１図〜３図は本発明法で用いる装置の一例を
示し、図面中の番号は夫々次のことを示す。
１…通水性支持物、２…砂過層、３…放水
口、４…沈澱池、５…汚水、６…外海、７…中仕
切、８…築堤。
1 to 3 show an example of the apparatus used in the method of the present invention, and the numbers in the drawings indicate the following, respectively. 1...Water permeable support, 2...Sand layer, 3...Water outlet, 4...Sedimentation basin, 5...Sewage, 6...Open sea, 7...Inner partition, 8...Embankment.
Claims (1)
し、該汚水の貯留池で浮遊性植物性プランクトン
を増殖せしめて該汚水中の有機物、窒素性物質、
燐系物質等の富栄養化物質を摂取せしめ且つ該汚
水を通水性土台上に形成した斜面状砂過層を通
過せしめて、該プランクトンを除去することを特
徴とする汚水処理方法。 ２ 汚水の水位を変動せしめることによつて上記
砂過層の少くとも一部を空気に曝露せしめるこ
とを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項の方法。 ３ 海に近接して汚水貯留池を設け、海の干満潮
を利用して該砂過層を逆洗浄することを特徴と
する特許請求の範囲第１または２項の方法。 ４ 通水性土台上に形成した斜面状砂過層全体
を堤防の一部として使用することを特徴とする特
許請求の範囲第１〜３項のいずれかの方法。 ５ 通水性支持体の斜面上に傾斜度約0.5〜10度
且つ厚さ約50〜100cmの砂過層を形成して低濃
度汚水の貯留部となし、該汚水中の富栄養化物質
を栄養源として増殖する浮遊性植物性プランクト
ンを該砂過層により除去する様に構成してなる
汚水処理用過構築物。[Claims] 1. When treating and discharging a large amount of low-concentration sewage, floating phytoplankton is grown in a storage pond of the sewage to remove organic matter, nitrogenous substances,
A sewage treatment method characterized by ingesting eutrophic substances such as phosphorus substances and removing the plankton by passing the sewage through a sloping sand layer formed on a permeable base. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least a part of the sand filter layer is exposed to air by varying the water level of the sewage. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a sewage reservoir is provided close to the sea, and the sand filter layer is backwashed using the ebb and flow of the sea. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the entire slope-like sand layer formed on the water-permeable foundation is used as part of an embankment. 5. A sand layer with an inclination of about 0.5 to 10 degrees and a thickness of about 50 to 100 cm is formed on the slope of the water-permeable support to serve as a reservoir for low-concentration sewage, and to nourish the eutrophic substances in the sewage. An overstructure for wastewater treatment, which is configured to remove floating phytoplankton that proliferates as a source using the sand filter layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59051352A JPS60193597A (en) | 1984-03-16 | 1984-03-16 | Treatment of sewage and filtration structure used for sewage treatment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59051352A JPS60193597A (en) | 1984-03-16 | 1984-03-16 | Treatment of sewage and filtration structure used for sewage treatment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60193597A JPS60193597A (en) | 1985-10-02 |
| JPH0230318B2 true JPH0230318B2 (en) | 1990-07-05 |
Family
ID=12884532
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59051352A Granted JPS60193597A (en) | 1984-03-16 | 1984-03-16 | Treatment of sewage and filtration structure used for sewage treatment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60193597A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100346051B1 (en) * | 2000-04-24 | 2002-07-24 | 삼성에버랜드 주식회사 | method for constructing of the filter section for improving the quality of water in the pond |
| JP6026358B2 (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2016-11-16 | 株式会社ナガオカ | Backwashing apparatus and method for seafloor seepage water intake equipment |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5520625A (en) * | 1978-07-28 | 1980-02-14 | Tatsukazu Oiwa | Dehydrating and treating device of bentonite waste sludge |
-
1984
- 1984-03-16 JP JP59051352A patent/JPS60193597A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5520625A (en) * | 1978-07-28 | 1980-02-14 | Tatsukazu Oiwa | Dehydrating and treating device of bentonite waste sludge |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60193597A (en) | 1985-10-02 |
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| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |