JPH02297868A - Charging system for sealed lead acid battery - Google Patents
Charging system for sealed lead acid batteryInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02297868A JPH02297868A JP1118919A JP11891989A JPH02297868A JP H02297868 A JPH02297868 A JP H02297868A JP 1118919 A JP1118919 A JP 1118919A JP 11891989 A JP11891989 A JP 11891989A JP H02297868 A JPH02297868 A JP H02297868A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- charging
- current
- timer
- charge
- battery
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は、ボータプル機器用として多方面に利用されて
いる密閉式鉛蓄電池の充電方式に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a charging system for sealed lead-acid batteries, which are used in a wide variety of applications for vortaple equipment.
従来の技術
密閉式鉛蓄電池の充電方式として、充電末期に充電電流
を減少させる定電圧方式のものが一般的である。この方
式では、充電末期に充電電流を減少させるので、陽極板
から発生する酸素ガスを効率良く陰極板に吸収させるこ
とが可能である。しだがって、充電末期において、電解
液量が急激に減少することもなく、さらに過充電となら
ないので電池容量も急激に低下しない。2. Description of the Related Art As a charging method for sealed lead-acid batteries, a constant voltage method is generally used in which the charging current is reduced at the end of charging. In this method, since the charging current is reduced at the end of charging, it is possible to efficiently absorb oxygen gas generated from the anode plate into the cathode plate. Therefore, at the end of charging, the amount of electrolyte does not decrease rapidly, and since overcharging does not occur, the battery capacity does not decrease rapidly.
発明が解決しようとする課題
このような充電方式の充電は、充電時間が数時間以上の
長時間に及び場合には有効的であるが充電時間を２時間
以内にした時には、充電電流を大きくしても、充電末期
において充分な充電がなされず、最終的には充電不足と
なシ、このような充電を繰り返した場合、容量が次第に
低下していく。Problems to be Solved by the Invention Charging using this charging method is effective when the charging time is longer than several hours, but when the charging time is less than 2 hours, the charging current must be increased. However, at the end of charging, sufficient charging is not achieved, and eventually the battery becomes insufficiently charged.If such charging is repeated, the capacity gradually decreases.
一方二カド電池に活用されている定電流方式の充電では
、鉛電池にとって、過充電となるので好ましくない。ま
た定電圧充電方式の充電器で、過放電された電池や長時
間放置された電池を充電した場合、電池の内部抵抗は大
きくなっているために、充電受入性が非常に悪く、短時
間の充電では容量は充分に回復しない。On the other hand, constant current charging, which is used for 2-cadmium batteries, is not preferable because it leads to overcharging for lead batteries. In addition, when using a constant voltage charger to charge an over-discharged battery or a battery that has been left unused for a long time, the internal resistance of the battery is large, so the charge acceptance is very poor, and the battery cannot be used for a short time. Charging does not fully restore the capacity.
従来の定電圧充電方式にはこのような問題点があった。Conventional constant voltage charging methods have these problems.
本発明はこのような問題点を解決するもので、急速充電
における充放電サイクル寿命特性および長期放置された
電池の充電回復性を向上させることを目的とする。The present invention is intended to solve these problems, and aims to improve the charge/discharge cycle life characteristics in rapid charging and the charge recovery performance of batteries that have been left unused for a long time.
課題を解決するための手段
この課題を解決するために、本発明は充電電流が２．０
Ｃム以下の定電圧定電流制御で、充電検知電流をｏ、２
ｏ０ム以下に設定し、充電電流が検知電流に降下した時
点で強制充電タイマーを開始させ、タイマー作動中は、
充電検知電流以下の一定電流で充電し、その際の充電電
気量は電池容量の１０チ以内であり、タイマー終了後は
充電を終了させることを特徴とする密閉式鉛蓄電池用充
電方式を開始するものである。尚、この充電方式におい
て、完全充電電池を再充電しないために、充電を開始し
てから一定時間、充電電流を検知する機能を無くする検
出停止時間タイマーおよび、未充電電池を判別するため
に、検出停止時間タイマー。Means for Solving the Problem In order to solve this problem, the present invention provides a charging current of 2.0
With constant voltage constant current control below Cm, charge detection current is o, 2
Set it below o0m, start the forced charge timer when the charging current drops to the detection current, and while the timer is operating,
Starts a charging method for sealed lead-acid batteries, which is characterized by charging with a constant current that is less than the charging detection current, with the amount of electricity charged at that time being within 10 inches of the battery capacity, and by terminating charging after the timer ends. It is something. In addition, in this charging method, in order to avoid recharging a fully charged battery, a detection stop timer is used to disable the function of detecting the charging current for a certain period of time after charging starts, and in order to distinguish between uncharged batteries, Detection stop time timer.
強制充電タイマー終了一定時間後、電池の開放電圧を測
定し、１セル当り ２．１５ Ｖ以下の場合には、未充
電電池として判別し、充電を最初から開始させる機能が
ある。またこの充電方式における定電圧の制御電圧は望
ましくは２６°Ｃ雰囲気下において、１セル当り２，４
０〜２．５０ ”Ｉの範囲で、温度補正機能がついてお
り、その値は−１〜−２１１１’ｉ／”Ｃの範囲である
。さらに、この充電方式には、充電電流が充電検知電流
値まで降下しない異常電池を判別するために、電池電圧
が定電圧制御電圧に達した後、ある一定のタイマーを設
けである。After a certain period of time after the forced charge timer ends, the open circuit voltage of the battery is measured, and if it is less than 2.15 V per cell, it is determined as an uncharged battery and charging starts from the beginning. In addition, the constant voltage control voltage in this charging method is preferably 2,4
It has a temperature correction function in the range of 0 to 2.50"I, and its value is in the range of -1 to -2111'i/"C. Further, in this charging method, a certain timer is provided after the battery voltage reaches the constant voltage control voltage in order to determine an abnormal battery in which the charging current does not drop to the charging detection current value.
作用
本発明の充電方式により、充電電流が大きい場合にも、
充電検知電流および強制充電タイマーを適正に設定する
ことにより、従来の定電圧充電方式と比較すると、放電
電気量に対する充電電気量のバランスが適当なものとな
り、電池の充放電サイクル寿命特性は優れたものになる
。また、完全充電電池および、未充電電池の判別機能を
有しているために、電池は再充電による過充電とならず
、過放電や長期間放置された電池の容量回復性は優れて
いる。Effect: Due to the charging method of the present invention, even when the charging current is large,
By setting the charge detection current and forced charge timer appropriately, compared to conventional constant voltage charging methods, the balance between the amount of electricity charged and the amount of electricity discharged is appropriate, and the battery's charge/discharge cycle life characteristics are excellent. Become something. Furthermore, since it has a function to distinguish between fully charged batteries and uncharged batteries, the battery will not be overcharged by recharging, and the capacity recovery of batteries that have been over-discharged or left for a long period of time is excellent.
実施例
以下、本発明の実施例について第１図〜第３図を参照し
て説明する。EXAMPLES Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.
まず、従来処方の陽極板、陰極板から成る２Ｖ。First, the 2V consists of a conventional anode plate and a cathode plate.
１０時間率容量１６１ムｈの電池を構成した。この電池
の充放電サイクル寿命特性を２６°Ｃ雰囲気中で調べた
。放電は０．８６ムの定電流で終止電圧は１．７５ Ｖ
である。充電は次の２種類の方式を実施した。１番目は
従来方法、すなわち制御電圧が２．４５ Ｖ、最大充電
電流ｏ、ｅｏムの定電圧方式である。２番目は、本発明
の方式、すなわち充電電流が０．９０人で制御電圧が２
．４５Ｖの定電圧制御方式で、充電検知電流をｅｏｍム
に設定し、充電電流が９０１１１ムに降下した時点で強
制充電タイマーを開始させ、３０分間９０１１１人の定
電流で充電し、タイマー終了後充電を停止させる方式で
ある。A battery with a 10 hour rate capacity of 161 μh was constructed. The charge/discharge cycle life characteristics of this battery were investigated in a 26°C atmosphere. The discharge is a constant current of 0.86 μm and the final voltage is 1.75 V.
It is. Charging was carried out using the following two methods. The first is a conventional method, that is, a constant voltage method with a control voltage of 2.45 V and maximum charging currents o and eom. The second method is the method of the present invention, that is, the charging current is 0.90 and the control voltage is 2.
．． Using the 45V constant voltage control method, set the charging detection current to eomm, start the forced charging timer when the charging current drops to 90111m, charge at the constant current of 90111 for 30 minutes, and charge after the timer ends. This is a method to stop the
以後１番目の従来方式をム方式、２番目の本発明の本式
をＢ方式とする。第１図にＢ方式の充電方式を示す。図
中、工◎は充電電流、Ｖｏは制御電圧、工、は充電検知
電流、Ｔｏは強制充電タイマ一時間である。Hereinafter, the first conventional method will be referred to as the M method, and the second method according to the present invention will be referred to as the B method. Figure 1 shows the B charging method. In the figure, ◎ is the charging current, Vo is the control voltage, ◎ is the charging detection current, and To is the forced charging timer for one hour.
Ａ方式、Ｂ方式の充電におけるサイクル寿命特性（充放
電サイクル数と初期容量維持率の関係）を第２図に示す
。但し、充電時間は共に２時間である。Ｂ方式の方が、
Ａ方式よシも寿命特性が優れていることが示唆させる。FIG. 2 shows the cycle life characteristics (relationship between the number of charging and discharging cycles and the initial capacity retention rate) in charging methods A and B. However, charging time is 2 hours for both. Method B is better
It is suggested that both method A and method A have excellent life characteristics.
先に述べたＢ方式においては、充電検知電流は０．２０
Ｃム以下でなければならない。なぜなら、０．２０Ｃ
ム以上になると、充電末期になると、電池のガス発生量
が大きくなり、電解液量が減少し、電池の容量は急激に
低下する。第３図には、Ｂ方式において、充電検知電流
と強制充電タイマー作動中の充電電流を同じ値にした場
合、充電検知電流とサイクル寿命特性の関係を示した。In the B method mentioned earlier, the charging detection current is 0.20
Must be less than C. Because 0.20C
If the battery exceeds 500 m, the amount of gas generated by the battery increases at the end of charging, the amount of electrolyte decreases, and the capacity of the battery rapidly decreases. FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the charge detection current and the cycle life characteristics when the charge detection current and the charging current during operation of the forced charge timer are set to the same value in method B.
尚、この場合、電池の１サイクル目の充電電気量は、第
２図のＢ方式とすべて同じになるように充電検知電流値
を調整した。サイクル寿命特性を表わす値として、第３
図には、容量が初期の６０チに低下するまでの回数を寿
命サイクル数とした。In this case, the charging detection current value was adjusted so that the amount of electricity charged in the first cycle of the battery was the same as in method B shown in FIG. The third value represents the cycle life characteristics.
In the figure, the number of life cycles is defined as the number of times until the capacity drops to the initial 60 cm.
第３図から、充電検知電流が０．２０Ｃム以下になると
サイクル寿命特性が急激に劣化することが示唆された。FIG. 3 suggests that the cycle life characteristics deteriorate rapidly when the charge detection current becomes 0.20 Cm or less.
また、強制充電タイマ一時間も長くし過ぎると、電池は
過充電されるので容量は低下する。したがって強制充電
タイマー作動中の総充電電気量は、電池容量の１０チ以
下にするのが好ましい、。Furthermore, if the forced charging timer is set to one hour too long, the battery will be overcharged and its capacity will decrease. Therefore, it is preferable that the total amount of electricity charged while the forced charging timer is operating is 10 inches or less of the battery capacity.
次に完全充電状態および過放電あるいは長期放置された
電池の充電特性について述べる。完全充電電池を充電す
ると、充電開始直後に、電池電圧は制御電圧に達し、そ
の直後に充電電流も検知電流値に達した。したがって、
強制充電タイマーが作動し、このタイマ一時間中の充電
が過充電となる。このことを防ぐために、本発明の充電
方式では充電を開始してから短時間の間、充電電流を検
知する機能を無くする検出停止時間タイマーを設定しで
ある。その結果、検出停止時間タイマー中に充電電流が
降下しても強制充電タイマーによる充電に移行せず、過
充電とならない。一方、過放電あるいは長期間放置され
内部抵抗が大きくなった電池の一例として、２．４Ω定
抵抗で３週間連続放電した電池をＢ方式で充電すると、
充電開始直後に電池電圧は制御電圧に達し、その直後に
充電電流も検知電流値に達した。したがって、強制充電
タイマーによる充電しかなされず、電池容量は１０％以
上回復することはない。このことを解決するために、強
制充電タイマー終了後、一定時間抜電池の開放電圧を測
定し、１セル当り２．１６Ｖ／セル以下の場合、未充電
電池として判別し、充電を最初から開始させる機能を設
けることによって過放電および長期放置された電池を確
実に充電することが可能となった。Next, we will discuss the charging characteristics of batteries in a fully charged state, over-discharged, or left unused for a long period of time. When a fully charged battery was charged, the battery voltage reached the control voltage immediately after charging started, and the charging current also reached the detected current value immediately after that. therefore,
The forced charge timer is activated, and charging within one hour of this timer constitutes overcharging. In order to prevent this, the charging method of the present invention sets a detection stop time timer that disables the function of detecting the charging current for a short period of time after charging is started. As a result, even if the charging current drops during the detection stop time timer, charging does not proceed to the forced charging timer, and overcharging does not occur. On the other hand, as an example of a battery whose internal resistance has increased due to overdischarge or long-term storage, when a battery that has been continuously discharged for three weeks with a constant resistance of 2.4Ω is charged using method B,
The battery voltage reached the control voltage immediately after charging started, and the charging current also reached the detected current value immediately after that. Therefore, charging is performed only by the forced charge timer, and the battery capacity does not recover by more than 10%. To solve this problem, after the forced charge timer ends, we measure the open circuit voltage of the removed battery for a certain period of time, and if it is less than 2.16V/cell, it is determined as an uncharged battery and charging starts from the beginning. By providing this function, it has become possible to reliably charge batteries that have been over-discharged or left unused for a long time.
また、実施例における制御電圧は２６°Ｃ中に２．４５
Ｖであったが、２．４０〜２．５０Ｙの範囲では電池
特性に大差はない。尚、高温、低温における充電と放電
のバランスを適正にするために制御電圧には−１〜−２
ｍＶの温度補正が必要である。In addition, the control voltage in the example was 2.45 at 26°C.
However, there is no significant difference in battery characteristics in the range of 2.40 to 2.50 Y. In addition, in order to properly balance charging and discharging at high and low temperatures, the control voltage should be set at -1 to -2.
mV temperature correction is required.
また、充電器の安全性の保護機能として、本発明の充電
方式には、電池室、圧が制御電圧に達した後、ある一定
時間中に充電電流が充電検知電流値に降下しなかった場
合、その時点で異常電池と見なし充電を停止する機能を
設けである。In addition, as a safety protection function of the charger, the charging method of the present invention has a battery chamber, and if the charging current does not drop to the charging detection current value within a certain period of time after the pressure reaches the control voltage, At that point, the battery is considered to be abnormal and there is a function to stop charging.
発明の効果
以上のように本発明によれば、従来の定電圧充電方式よ
シも、充電時間が短かくともサイクル寿命特性を向上さ
せ、さらに完全充電電池および過放電あるいは長期間放
置された電池でも、確実に適正な充電がなされる。Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention improves the cycle life characteristics even though the charging time is shorter than the conventional constant voltage charging method, and further improves the cycle life characteristics of fully charged batteries and batteries that have been over-discharged or left for a long time. However, proper charging is ensured.
第１図は本発明の充電方式を示すパターン図、第２図は
従来方式（五方式）と本発明の方式（Ｂ方式）によるサ
イクル寿命特性を示す特性図、第３図は充電検知電流値
とサイクル寿命特性の関係を示す特性図である。
代理人の氏名 弁理士 粟 野 重 孝 ほか１名の
←ト）い戸修
派Fig. 1 is a pattern diagram showing the charging method of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing the cycle life characteristics of the conventional method (5 methods) and the method of the present invention (B method), and Fig. 3 is the charging detection current value. FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between and cycle life characteristics. Name of agent: Patent attorney Shigetaka Awano and one other person
←G) Ido Shuha
Claims (4)
で、充電検知電流を０．２Ｃ＿Ａ以下に設定し、充電電
流が検知電流に降下した時点で、強制充電タイマーを開
始させ、タイマー作動中は充電検知電流以下の一定電流
で充電し、タイマー終了後、充電を終了させることを特
徴とする密閉式鉛蓄電池用充電方式。(1) With constant voltage constant current control when the charging current is 2.0C_A or less, set the charging detection current to 0.2C_A or less, and when the charging current drops to the detection current, start the forced charging timer and activate the timer. This charging method for sealed lead-acid batteries is characterized by charging with a constant current that is less than the charging detection current, and then terminating charging after the timer ends.
、電池容量の１０％以内であることを特徴とする特許請
求の範囲第１項記載の密閉式鉛蓄電池用充電方式。(2) The charging method for a sealed lead-acid battery according to claim 1, wherein the total amount of electricity charged when the forced charging timer is activated is within 10% of the battery capacity.
流を検知する機能を無くする、検出停止時間タイマーを
設定し、その時間中に充電電流が検知電流に降下しても
、強制充電タイマーによる充電に移行しないことを特徴
とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の密閉式鉛蓄電池用充
電方式。(3) Set a detection stop time timer that disables the function to detect the charging detection current for a certain period of time after charging starts, and even if the charging current drops to the detection current during that time, it will be forced to A charging method for a sealed lead-acid battery according to claim 1, characterized in that charging does not proceed to charging using a charging timer.
検出停止時間タイマーの終了一定時間後、電池の開放電
圧を測定し、１セル当り２．１５Ｖ以下の場合には完全
充電されていない電池として判別し、充電を最初から開
始させることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項または
第３項記載の密閉式鉛蓄電池用充電方式。(4) After a certain period of time after the forced charging timer ends and the detection stop time timer ends, measure the open circuit voltage of the battery, and if it is 2.15V or less per cell, it is determined that the battery is not fully charged. A charging method for a sealed lead-acid battery according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the battery is determined and charging is started from the beginning.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1118919A JPH02297868A (en) | 1989-05-12 | 1989-05-12 | Charging system for sealed lead acid battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1118919A JPH02297868A (en) | 1989-05-12 | 1989-05-12 | Charging system for sealed lead acid battery |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02297868A true JPH02297868A (en) | 1990-12-10 |
Family
ID=14748431
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1118919A Pending JPH02297868A (en) | 1989-05-12 | 1989-05-12 | Charging system for sealed lead acid battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02297868A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997000540A1 (en) * | 1995-06-16 | 1997-01-03 | Zip Charge Corporation | Charging device and charging system |
-
1989
- 1989-05-12 JP JP1118919A patent/JPH02297868A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997000540A1 (en) * | 1995-06-16 | 1997-01-03 | Zip Charge Corporation | Charging device and charging system |
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