JPH02268622A - Culture of mushroom - Google Patents
Culture of mushroomInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02268622A JPH02268622A JP1089794A JP8979489A JPH02268622A JP H02268622 A JPH02268622 A JP H02268622A JP 1089794 A JP1089794 A JP 1089794A JP 8979489 A JP8979489 A JP 8979489A JP H02268622 A JPH02268622 A JP H02268622A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- artificial
- mushrooms
- cultivation
- cultivating mushrooms
- hyphae
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 240000000599 Lentinula edodes Species 0.000 description 7
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036244 malformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000218645 Cedrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009849 Cucumis sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007829 Haematoxylum campechianum Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000019255 Menstrual disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000088415 Raphanus sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006140 Raphanus sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は菌床法によるしいたけの栽培
法に関するものである。原木を使用しない菌床法による
しいたけ栽培法は多年の研究と経験によって最近は生産
量を増加している。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a method for cultivating shiitake mushrooms using a fungal bed method. The Shiitake mushroom cultivation method, which uses a mushroom bed method that does not use logs, has recently increased production through years of research and experience.
苗床栽培法の特長は原木栽培の場合と 違って培養と発生が原則として室内で行3 。The characteristics of nursery cultivation method are different from log cultivation. In principle, cultivation and development are carried out indoors3.
ねれる点にあり、その為に早期発生と発生確実な点は大
きな利点である。Therefore, its early onset and reliable occurrence are major advantages.
菌床栽培法による茸の品質に就で従来
屡々水っぽいと酷評されていたが、この点は環境条件の
1択によって将来改められるものと考える。但し菌床栽
培に於ては、往々にして足長、太い足、或は纏い足等の
言はば奇形的な茸を発生し品質を低下していることは末
法の一大欠点である。The quality of mushrooms grown using the fungal bed cultivation method has often been criticized for being watery, but we believe that this can be corrected in the future by changing environmental conditions. However, a major drawback of the latter method is that in bed cultivation, it often produces deformed mushrooms such as long legs, thick legs, or curly legs, resulting in a decrease in quality.
菌床栽培に於て現れる上記のような奇
形的茸の発生原因は培養中に於ける菌糸の生理障害に基
づくものと考察される。The cause of the above-mentioned malformed mushrooms that appear during fungal bed cultivation is considered to be due to physiological disorders of the mycelia during cultivation.
この生理障害は所謂原木と苗床との間の組織構造の相違
に基づくものである。即ち菌床栽培に於ては培養基(体
)自体がおがと糠との圧縮混合体と言う極めて組織的に
簡単な構造体である為に所謂原木組織特有の微細構造を
持たず、更に樹皮に相当する肝心な組織を持たない。こ
の原木と人工榾両者の間の著しい構造上の相違はしいた
け菌の増殖上の相違として現れるものであり、本発明者
は後述のような発明によって人工柑を使用するしいたけ
栽培法を改良し、品質、収量1著しい成果を挙げること
が出来た。This physiological disorder is based on the difference in tissue structure between the so-called raw wood and the nursery. In other words, in fungal bed cultivation, the culture medium (body) itself is a compressed mixture of sawdust and bran, which is an extremely simple structure, so it does not have the microstructure peculiar to so-called raw wood tissue. It does not have an essential organization corresponding to This remarkable structural difference between the raw wood and the artificial manure appears as a difference in the growth of the shiitake fungus, and the present inventor has improved the method of cultivating shiitake mushrooms using artificial manure by the invention described below. We were able to achieve remarkable results in terms of quality and yield.
従来の技術
人工柑を利用する茸の苗床栽培にあっ
ては所謂a!l置き種水発生法の場合、人工柑は成形、
殺菌、接種の後棚」−に並べて静置状態にて培養と発生
を行なっている。Conventional technology When it comes to mushroom nursery cultivation using artificial mushrooms, the so-called a! In the case of the seed water generation method, artificial citrus is molded,
After sterilization and inoculation, they are placed on shelves and allowed to stand still for cultivation and development.
特別の場合以外には柑の移動はなく、棚上に乗せたまま
である。移動(動tりの点から見れば培養室から発生室
に移す時と茸の採取時に多少向きを変える程度に過ぎな
い。この方法に於ては米糠の養分があり、水分補給と温
度調節が行なわれるので接種されたしいたけ菌は増殖を
開始すること明白である。!8かし菌糸が増殖し菌膜を
形成するに伴)て人工槓の内tiB構造から見て槽内の
間隙は外気と遮断され、所謂酸欠状態に至ること必至で
あり、この酸欠状態は菌糸の生理障害を伴い 人工楕特
有の奇形茸発生に連るものと考察される。この奇形旨は
商品価値を落とすこと大であるが、奇形現象自体は一時
的の生理障害が原因であるので遺伝的なものではなく、
奇形茸からの菌糸も正常発育の環境下では当然奇形茸と
はならず再び正常な茸を発生する。従って奇杉茸を発生
する根本原因は人工柑の物理的構造自体にありと考える
ものである。The citrus fruits are not moved except in special cases and remain on the shelves. Movement (from a movement point of view, it is only a matter of slightly changing the direction when moving from the culture room to the germination room and when collecting the mushrooms. In this method, there is nutrients from the rice bran, and hydration and temperature control are required. It is clear that the inoculated Shiitake fungus starts to proliferate because the inoculated Shiitake fungi (!8) As the mycelium proliferates and forms a fungal membrane, the gap in the tank, seen from the tiB structure inside the artificial hut, becomes open to the outside air. It is thought that this oxygen deficiency state is accompanied by a physiological disorder of the hyphae and leads to the development of malformed mushrooms peculiar to artificial ellipses. This malformation greatly reduces the product value, but the malformation itself is caused by a temporary menstrual disorder, so it is not genetic.
Under an environment of normal growth, hyphae from malformed mushrooms will naturally not become malformed mushrooms but will regenerate into normal mushrooms. Therefore, it is believed that the fundamental cause of the occurrence of strange cedar mushrooms lies in the physical structure of artificial citrus itself.
しかし従来この様な考察とか知見、更に対策としての技
術は皆無であった。尚、人工猜の物理的構造は上記の奇
形茸発生の原因のみならず当然生産性にも関係が深い。However, in the past, there was no such consideration, knowledge, or technology as a countermeasure. The physical structure of artificial mushrooms is closely related not only to the cause of the above-mentioned malformed mushrooms, but also to productivity.
発明が解決しようとした問題点
しいたけ菌糸は一般に適当な培養基中
にあって、温度、水分、その他の好条件下に増殖し、次
第に多量のrIJ!!を形成する。この菌膜は種菌製造
に於て瓶内の閃糸の増殖を中止或は死滅、或は異常を生
ずることは時々種駒製造工場にて見られる異常現象であ
り、これはこの菌膜が外界と遮断し菌糸の呼吸作用を阻
害する為に生理障害として起るものである。槽水原木の
場合は緻密な原木組織及び樹皮構造によってその幣は比
較的少ないが人工槽の場合はおが、糠等の単純な混合、
混和体に過ぎないので人工榾全体が容易に皮膜にて覆わ
れ菌糸の生理作用を不利にするのである。Problems that the invention sought to solve Shiitake mushroom mycelium generally grows in a suitable culture medium under favorable temperature, moisture, and other conditions, and gradually produces a large amount of rIJ! ! form. This fungal film is an abnormal phenomenon that is sometimes observed in seed manufacturing factories, such as stopping the growth of the spores in the bottle, killing them, or causing abnormalities during seed production. This occurs as a physiological disorder because it blocks the hyphae and inhibits the respiratory action of hyphae. In the case of tank water raw wood, there are relatively few grains due to the dense log structure and bark structure, but in the case of artificial tank, it is a simple mixture of sawdust, bran, etc.
Since it is only an admixture, the entire artificial husk is easily covered with a film, making the physiological action of the hyphae unfavorable.
この不利を防ぐ第1の方法は円筒形人
工槽の殺閘前にその周囲各所に深く浅く多数の穿孔をう
がち置くか或は培養及び発生中人工榾中に太、細、長、
短、種々の形の針金のようなものにて穴を穿孔し、以て
菌糸の呼吸作用を助長するにある。The first method to prevent this disadvantage is to make a large number of deep, shallow holes in various places around the cylindrical artificial tank before killing the tank, or to make thick, thin, long holes, etc. during culture and development.
Holes are made with short wires of various shapes to encourage the respiration of the hyphae.
第2の方法は円筒形人工榾上方に吊り
鉤を取りつけ、他方下端にもローブを結びつけられる様
な鈎を取りつける(第1図) 殺菌後人工榾を棚上に並
べず、上端の吊り鉤にて多数の槽を吊り棒につるして並
べる。−列に並べられた柑は下端の鉤に結びつけたロー
ブに連結し手動式又はモーターにて培養及び発生中槽に
動揺を4太ることにより菌糸の呼吸作用を助長する(第
2図)。The second method is to attach a hanging hook to the top of the cylindrical artificial fence, and also attach a hook to the bottom end to which a robe can be tied (Figure 1). A large number of tanks are hung from hanging rods and lined up. - The rows of cucumbers are connected to lobes tied to the hooks at the lower end, and are moved manually or by motor into the tank during cultivation and development, thereby promoting the respiration of mycelia (Figure 2).
第3の方法は常法により人工榾を製造
後円筒形槽の周囲に多数のプラスチック製その他のチュ
ーブを差し込み、その後殺菌し、培養、発生を行うもの
である。The third method is to manufacture artificial cones using a conventional method, insert a number of plastic or other tubes around a cylindrical tank, and then sterilize, culture, and develop.
この場合m置き法の外に上記2の方法のようなつり柑式
、動揺式を採用する。チューブの穴の直径は2〜3mm
ないし5〜6mm程度とし、チューブは長短各種のもの
を用いる。培養、発生中このチューブを利用して吸引、
加圧を行い菌糸の呼吸作用を助長する。尚、このチュー
ブ式培養法は本願発明人が特許申請中の特許公報昭62
−44122 (出願昭和62年 4月16日)記載の
方法である。但し先願の場合には対照が原木であったが
、本願の場合は人工榾を対照としている為に栽培上周到
な管理が可能であり、実際の応用面では完全に実施可能
でその効果は著しい。In this case, in addition to the m-place method, a hanging method or a swing method like the method 2 above is adopted. The diameter of the tube hole is 2 to 3 mm.
The length is about 5 to 6 mm, and tubes of various lengths are used. During culture and development, use this tube to aspirate,
Pressure is applied to promote the respiration of hyphae. This tube culture method is disclosed in Patent Publication No. 1983, for which the inventor has applied for a patent.
-44122 (filed April 16, 1985). However, in the case of the previous application, the control was log wood, but in the case of the present application, the control is artificial foliage, which allows for careful cultivation management, and is completely feasible in terms of actual application and its effects. is remarkable.
尚、本願の原理は積み上げ加圧発生法
の場合にも有効であり菌糸の呼吸作用を助長することは
極めて効果がある。例えば積み上げ加圧発生性実施の場
合にも本願の第1の穿孔法が適用出来る。Incidentally, the principle of the present application is also effective in the case of the stacking pressurization generation method, and promoting the respiration of hyphae is extremely effective. For example, the first perforation method of the present application can be applied to the case of stacking and pressurizing.
発明の効果
本発明を実施した結果上記の穿孔法、
動揺法、空気の導入は何れも著しい効果があり、従来法
に比べて菌糸の増殖は旺盛に!!続し奇形茸を発生せず
収量増を伴うことを発見した。Effects of the Invention As a result of implementing the present invention, the above-mentioned perforation method, agitation method, and air introduction all had remarkable effects, and mycelium multiplied more vigorously than conventional methods! ! It was discovered that the yield increased without producing malformed mushrooms.
実施例 実施例の(1) 多数の穿孔を施した人工榾を棚上に並 べ培養し、必要に応じ接水を行なった。Example Example (1) Artificial fences with many perforations are lined up on a shelf. The cells were cultured and watered as necessary.
菌糸が増殖し人工榾全体が閘糸膜に覆われ始める以前か
ら絶えず針金を用いて穿孔をくり返した。穿孔の深さは
中心までのもの、浅いもの等いろいろ行なった。Even before the hyphae began to proliferate and the entire artificial arbor began to be covered with a filamentous membrane, the holes were repeatedly punched using a wire. The depth of the hole was varied, such as to the center or shallowly.
この場合の針金の直径は約0.2〜0.3mmないし5
m1lIであった。この方法を行なった人工榾の収量は
柑当り60%に達した。The diameter of the wire in this case is approximately 0.2 to 0.3 mm to 5 mm.
It was m1lI. Using this method, the yield of artificial radish reached 60% per citrus.
実施例の(2)
常法により人工榾を製造し、揖の中心
に心棒を通した後殺菌する。接種後、心棒上端に取りつ
けた鉤て柑をつり棒に吊して並べる。他方心棒下端に取
りつけた鉤をローブに連結し、モーターにて時々柑を動
揺させた。この槽の動揺によって槽内の空気は外気と交
換出来るので菌糸の呼吸作用は円滑に進行する。この動
揺法によっても3割強の増収をあげることが出来た。Example (2) An artificial sill is manufactured by a conventional method, a mandrel is passed through the center of the sill, and then sterilized. After inoculation, the hooks attached to the top of the mandrel are hung from a hanging rod and lined up. On the other hand, a hook attached to the lower end of the mandrel was connected to the lobe, and a motor was used to occasionally shake the mandrel. This agitation of the tank allows the air inside the tank to be exchanged with the outside air, so that the respiration of the hyphae progresses smoothly. Even with this method, we were able to increase our revenue by over 30%.
第1図は本H栽培法(3)の人工柑上
下に鉤を取りつけた円筒形人工榾。
第2図は上記鉤を取りつけた円筒形人工槽を吊り棒にて
吊して並べ下方鉤をローブに連結した形を示す。
、鉤を取りつけた円筒形人工Wr 2.、、鉤1.吊
り棒 415、ローブ
第
図
ビr i’uT ’りント、−;
手続補正書
(特許庁審査官
殿)
意匠に係る物品
指定商品および商品の区分
第 類Figure 1 shows a cylindrical artificial cane with hooks attached to the top and bottom of the artificial cane according to this H cultivation method (3). Fig. 2 shows a cylindrical artificial tank with the above-mentioned hooks attached, suspended from hanging rods, and the lower hooks connected to the lobes. , cylindrical artificial Wr with a hook attached 2. ,, hook 1. Hanging rod 415, Robe diagram bi'uT'lint, -; Procedural amendment (by the Patent Office examiner) Article designation goods and goods classification class related to the design
Claims (4)
助長することを特徴とした特許請求の範囲第1項記載の
茸の栽培法。(1) The method for cultivating mushrooms according to claim 1, characterized in that the respiratory action of mycelia is promoted in the cultivation of mushrooms using a fungal bed.
の穴をうがち置くか又は培養及び発生中人工榾に屡々針
金或はプラスチック等の尖端の尖った器具にて穴をあけ
、菌糸の呼吸作用を助長することを特徴とした特許請求
の範囲1項記載の茸の栽培法。(2) When cultivating mushrooms using a fungal bed, a large number of holes are made in the artificial ridge in advance, or holes are often made in the artificial ridge during cultivation and development using a sharp tool such as a wire or plastic. The method for cultivating mushrooms according to claim 1, characterized in that the method promotes respiration of hyphae.
垂し、下端を手動又はモーターに連結して人工榾を動揺
させ、それにより菌糸の呼吸作用を助長することを特徴
とした特許請求の範囲第1項記載の茸の栽培法。(3) When cultivating mushrooms using a fungal bed, the upper end of the artificial mulch is suspended, and the lower end is connected manually or to a motor to move the artificial mulch, thereby promoting the respiration of the hyphae. A method for cultivating mushrooms according to claim 1.
スチックその他のチューブを埋め込み置き培養及び発生
中このチューブを通し加圧、吸引等により、菌糸の呼吸
作用を助長することを特徴とした特許請求の範囲第1項
記載の茸の栽培法。(4) When cultivating mushrooms using a fungal bed, a tube of plastic or other material is embedded in the artificial bed in advance, and during cultivation and development the tube is passed through the tube to promote the respiration of the mycelia by pressurization, suction, etc. A method for cultivating mushrooms according to claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP1089794A JPH02268622A (en) | 1989-04-11 | 1989-04-11 | Culture of mushroom |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP1089794A JPH02268622A (en) | 1989-04-11 | 1989-04-11 | Culture of mushroom |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH02268622A true JPH02268622A (en) | 1990-11-02 |
Family
ID=13980605
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP1089794A Pending JPH02268622A (en) | 1989-04-11 | 1989-04-11 | Culture of mushroom |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH02268622A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2019030232A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2019-02-28 | 深山農園株式会社 | Generation method of shiitake mushroom |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS50110850A (en) * | 1974-02-13 | 1975-09-01 | ||
JPS54135134A (en) * | 1978-04-05 | 1979-10-20 | Kaneko Agricult Machinery | Shiitake*mushroom* cultivating method and its device by using artificial culture log |
JPS57146521A (en) * | 1981-03-08 | 1982-09-10 | Tsuneiwa Tanaka | Container cultivation of mushroom |
JPS5820115A (en) * | 1981-07-25 | 1983-02-05 | 有限会社津久井椎茸研究所 | Artificial culture log of mushroom |
-
1989
- 1989-04-11 JP JP1089794A patent/JPH02268622A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS50110850A (en) * | 1974-02-13 | 1975-09-01 | ||
JPS54135134A (en) * | 1978-04-05 | 1979-10-20 | Kaneko Agricult Machinery | Shiitake*mushroom* cultivating method and its device by using artificial culture log |
JPS57146521A (en) * | 1981-03-08 | 1982-09-10 | Tsuneiwa Tanaka | Container cultivation of mushroom |
JPS5820115A (en) * | 1981-07-25 | 1983-02-05 | 有限会社津久井椎茸研究所 | Artificial culture log of mushroom |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2019030232A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2019-02-28 | 深山農園株式会社 | Generation method of shiitake mushroom |
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