JPH02236511A - Focus detecting device - Google Patents

Focus detecting device

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Publication number
JPH02236511A
JPH02236511A JP5636689A JP5636689A JPH02236511A JP H02236511 A JPH02236511 A JP H02236511A JP 5636689 A JP5636689 A JP 5636689A JP 5636689 A JP5636689 A JP 5636689A JP H02236511 A JPH02236511 A JP H02236511A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
lens
diaphragm
mask
image
imaging
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP5636689A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yasuhiro Sato
康浩 佐藤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Konica Minolta Inc
Original Assignee
Konica Minolta Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Konica Minolta Inc filed Critical Konica Minolta Inc
Priority to JP5636689A priority Critical patent/JPH02236511A/en
Publication of JPH02236511A publication Critical patent/JPH02236511A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Focusing (AREA)
  • Automatic Focus Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the illuminance distribution of an image formed by two separator lenses and to prevent an erroneous decision at the time of detecting and deciding a focusing state by an extremely simple constitution by curing a pupil decision use diaphragm mask placed in front of a re-image forming lens so as to turn the concave surface to an object side. CONSTITUTION:A pupil division use diaphragm mask I placed in front of re- image forming lenses 5-A, 5-B is not formed to a plane but curved so as to turn the concave surface to an object side. In the case when a form of the curved diaphragm mask I is used, an edge of the diaphragm separated from an optical axis moves to the front of an original diaphragm position, and as a result, the diaphragm mask I becomes an inclined shape. Therefore, an incident angle of an incident luminous flux to the diaphragm mask surface becomes large. In this case, by selecting suitably thickness of the diaphragm mask I and a curvature of the curve of the mask surface, the light quantity distribution can be controlled. In such a way, a difference of the illuminance distribution can be made small, and a malfunction and an erroneous decision at the time of the focusing detection and decision can be obviated.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (産業上の利用分野) 本発明は、焦点検出装置、特に瞳分割用絞りマスクを通
して再結像させた像位置のずれから合焦状態を検出する
ための焦点検出装置の改良に関する。
Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a focus detection device, particularly a focus detection device for detecting a focus state from a shift in the position of an image re-imaged through a pupil division aperture mask. Regarding the improvement of

(従来技術) 合焦のために光軸方向に移動するレンズによる像を,光
軸に対して互いに対称な位置にあるように偏心させて配
置された2つのレンズによって、該レンズより前方に配
置された瞳分割用絞りマスクを通して再結像させ、この
再結像位置のずれを検出することによって、焦点位置検
出を行なうようにした焦点検出用光学系が、既に提案さ
れており、この結像レンズを撮影レンズの合焦動作に連
動して光軸方向に移動させ、自動合焦装置を構成するも
のが試みられている。
(Prior art) An image produced by a lens that moves in the direction of the optical axis for focusing is placed in front of the two lenses, which are eccentrically arranged so as to be symmetrical to each other with respect to the optical axis. A focus detection optical system has already been proposed in which the focus position is detected by re-imaging through the pupil-dividing aperture mask and detecting the shift in the re-imaging position. Attempts have been made to construct an automatic focusing device in which a lens is moved in the optical axis direction in conjunction with the focusing operation of a photographing lens.

このような焦点検出用の光学系は、第1図に示す様に、
結像レンズ1の予定結像面2にできる空中像を、コンデ
ンサーレンズ4、絞りI、セバレーターレンズ5によっ
て受光素子面6上に再結像させ、その再結像位置を受光
素子で検出することによって,焦点検出を行なうように
なっている.すなわち、第2図において、図示されてい
ない結像レンズは同じく図示されていない撮影レンズの
合焦動作に連動して光軸10上を移動し、合焦時に,予
定結像面2上に物体像3が形成される。
Such a focus detection optical system, as shown in Figure 1,
The aerial image formed on the planned image forming surface 2 of the imaging lens 1 is re-imaged onto the light receiving element surface 6 by the condenser lens 4, the aperture I, and the separator lens 5, and the re-imaging position is detected by the light receiving element. This enables focus detection. That is, in FIG. 2, the imaging lens (not shown) moves on the optical axis 10 in conjunction with the focusing operation of the photographic lens (also not shown), and upon focusing, an object is placed on the planned imaging plane 2. Image 3 is formed.

この物体像3は,コンデンサーレンズ4と、光軸10に
対して対称な位置になるように偏心させて並列配置され
たセバレーターレンズ5とによって,光軸に垂直な二次
結像面(受光素子面)6上に再結像されて第1像7と第
2像8を形成する.図示されていない結像レンズによっ
て、予定結像面2よりも前方に物体像9が形成されてい
る場合、即ち、前ビンと呼ばれる非合焦状態のとき、第
3図において、この物体像9は、コンデンサーレンズ4
とセバレーターレンズ5によって、第2図の第1像7、
第2像8よりも光軸1oに近い位置で二次結像面6上に
再結像され、第1像11と第2像12とを形成する.逆
に第4図のように、図示されていない結像レンズの予定
結像面2よりも後方に物体像13が形成されている場合
、即ち、後ビンと呼ばれる状態のとき,この物体像13
は、コンデンサーレンズ4とセバレーターレンズ5によ
って、第2図中の第1像7、第2像8よりも光軸10に
遠い位置で二次結像面6上に再結像され,第1像14と
第2像15とを形成する。
This object image 3 is formed by a condenser lens 4 and a separator lens 5, which is decentered and arranged in parallel so as to be symmetrical with respect to the optical axis 10, on a secondary imaging plane (light receiving surface) perpendicular to the optical axis. The image is re-imaged onto the element surface) 6 to form a first image 7 and a second image 8. When an object image 9 is formed in front of the intended imaging plane 2 by an imaging lens (not shown), that is, in an out-of-focus state called front bin, this object image 9 is shown in FIG. is condenser lens 4
and the separator lens 5, the first image 7 in FIG.
The image is re-imaged on the secondary imaging plane 6 at a position closer to the optical axis 1o than the second image 8, forming a first image 11 and a second image 12. Conversely, as shown in FIG. 4, when the object image 13 is formed behind the intended imaging plane 2 of the imaging lens (not shown), that is, in a state called a rear bin, this object image 13
is re-imaged on the secondary imaging plane 6 by the condenser lens 4 and the separator lens 5 at a position farther from the optical axis 10 than the first image 7 and the second image 8 in FIG. An image 14 and a second image 15 are formed.

これらの第1像、第2像は同方向を向いているので、こ
の2つの像の対応する点の間隔を検出することによって
、前ピン,後ピンを含めた合焦状態からのずれの量を検
呂することができる。具体的には、第1像と第2像によ
ってできる受光素子列面6上の輝度分布を検出し、演算
処理等を行なって両像の間隔を求め、光学系によって規
定される合焦時の両像間の距離との差から,前ピン後ピ
ンを含めた合焦状態からのずれ量(焦点ずれ量)を求め
る.このような方式で,焦点ずれ量の検出を行なうため
には,2つの再結像レンズ(セパレータレンズ)5によ
って受光素子列(ライセンサー)上に形成される、2つ
の像(第1像及び第2像)の輝度分布が等しいことが必
要である.このためには、2つのセバレーターレンズの
像面照度分布が第5図(a)に示すように夫々平坦であ
ること、すなわち、周辺減光のないことが理想的である
.実際にはコサイン4乗則によって,周辺減光は避けら
れないが、少なくとも、第5図(b)に示すように,2
つのセパレーターレンズの像面照度分布が同じ向きを持
ち,かつ同じ分布であることが必要になる.しかしなが
ら実際は、第5図(Q)のように、光軸に対して対称な
分布となってしまい、セバレーターレンズによる第1像
と第2像の輝度分布は、第5図(d)のような同じ向き
、かつ同じ分布とならず、第5図(e)のような輝度分
布となって,同じ被写体からの輝度分布を反映した形と
なり得ず、前述のような原理に基づいて、検出,判定を
行なう際,誤判定を招く恐れがある.実際には,照度分
布は、コサイン4乗則のみならず,セバレーターレンズ
の前に置かれる絞りマスクによる光束のけられにも原因
して、前述の照度分布の問題が起こっている.(この発
明が解決しようとする問題点)本発明は、セバレーター
(再結像)レンズ5による受光素子列上での照度分布の
有する問題を解決し、第5図(d)に示すような分布に
近づけて、合焦検出,判定での誤動作、誤判定を解消す
ることを目的とする。
These first and second images are facing the same direction, so by detecting the distance between the corresponding points of these two images, the amount of deviation from the in-focus state, including the front focus and rear focus, can be determined. can be checked. Specifically, the brightness distribution on the light-receiving element array surface 6 created by the first image and the second image is detected, and the distance between the two images is determined by performing arithmetic processing, and the distance at the time of focus specified by the optical system is determined. The amount of deviation from the in-focus state (defocus amount), including the front focus and rear focus, is calculated from the difference in the distance between the two images. In order to detect the amount of defocus using this method, two images (first image and It is necessary that the brightness distribution of the second image) be equal. For this purpose, it is ideal that the image plane illuminance distributions of the two separator lenses be flat as shown in FIG. 5(a), that is, that there is no peripheral dimming. In reality, vignetting is unavoidable due to the cosine fourth power law, but at least 2
It is necessary that the image plane illuminance distributions of the two separator lenses have the same direction and the same distribution. However, in reality, the distribution becomes symmetrical with respect to the optical axis, as shown in Figure 5 (Q), and the brightness distribution of the first and second images due to the separator lens is as shown in Figure 5 (d). However, the brightness distribution is not the same direction and the same distribution as shown in Figure 5(e), and cannot reflect the brightness distribution from the same subject. , when making a judgment, there is a risk of erroneous judgment. In reality, the illuminance distribution problem described above is caused not only by the cosine fourth power law but also by the vignetting of the light beam by the aperture mask placed in front of the separator lens. (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention solves the problem of the illuminance distribution on the light receiving element array due to the separator (reimaging) lens 5, and solves the problem of the illuminance distribution on the light receiving element array by the separator (reimaging) lens 5. The aim is to eliminate malfunctions and erroneous judgments in focus detection and judgment.

(問題を解決するための手段) 本発明の焦点検出装置は、撮影レンズに付設され、該撮
影レンズの合焦動作時に該撮影レンズの一部又は全体と
連動して光軸方向に移動するレンズ及び該付設レンズの
光軸に対して垂直な平面に並べた2つの再結像レンズを
含み、上記付設レンズによって形成された被写体像を,
上記再結像レンズによって、受光素子を一列に並べたラ
インセンサー上の夫々異なる位置に再結像させ,ライン
センサ上のこの2つの像の位置ずれを検出することによ
って上記撮影レンズの合焦検出を行う光学系を有し、上
記再結像レンズの前面に配置する瞳分割用絞りマスクを
,平面ではなく,物体側に凹面を向けるように湾曲させ
たことを特徴とする。
(Means for Solving the Problem) The focus detection device of the present invention is a lens that is attached to a photographic lens and moves in the optical axis direction in conjunction with a part or the whole of the photographic lens during a focusing operation of the photographic lens. and two re-imaging lenses arranged in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the attached lens, and the subject image formed by the attached lens,
The re-imaging lens re-images the light-receiving elements at different positions on the line sensor arranged in a row, and the focus of the photographic lens is detected by detecting the positional shift between these two images on the line sensor. The present invention is characterized in that the pupil division aperture mask disposed in front of the re-imaging lens is not flat but curved so that the concave surface faces the object side.

このとき、上記の絞りマスク面は2つの再結像レンズの
並び方向に対してのみ凹面になるようなシリンドリカル
に湾曲させるのが望ましい.(作用) この発明の瞳分割用絞りマスクの作用を第6図、第7図
,及び実施例である第8図を用いて説明する.第6図は
、結像レンズによる像A.Bが、コンデンサーレンズに
よって再結像される様子を主光線A,.A,,BいB2
で表わしたものである.AエとA2、B,とB2は再結
像での対応点A1′とA./.13% とB,/ を結
んでいる.ここでA1とA2が光軸Xとなす角度を見る
と、八〇のなす角度より、A2のなす角の方が大きくな
っている.又,絞りとセパレーターレンズのみを図示し
た第7図では、光束の入射角度の違いと絞り板の厚みに
よって,開口効率の低下,すなわち,けられを生じてい
ることがわかる.第6図で示されている角度の違いは,
セバレーターレンズに対してコサイン4乗則に従った周
辺光量の低下を招き,又、第7図で示されているけられ
も、周辺光量の低下を招き、第5図について説明したよ
うな、受光素子面上での照度分布の問題の原因となって
しまう.本発明では、絞りマスク面を,第8図,第9図
に示すように湾曲させて,これらの問題を解決している
. すなわち、開口効率は,第7図のような構成では,図中
に示した様に、絞り径をφいセパレータレンズ5−Aへ
の入射光束径をφ,、セパレーターレンズ5−Bへの入
射光束径をφ,とすると,絞りマスク■を構成する板材
の厚みによってけられが生じ φ,くφ2〈φ、 のような関係になっている.この関係に、各セパレータ
ーレンズへの入射角についてのコサイン4乗則が重なっ
て、開口効率の低下以上の周辺光量の低下を招いてしま
う. これに対し,本発明による湾曲した絞りマスクの形態を
用いた場合は,第8図に示すように、光軸から離れた絞
りのエッジが本来の絞り位置より前に移動し,結果とし
て、絞りマスクが傾いた形となる。そのため、絞りマス
ク面に対しての入射光束の入射角が大きくなることにな
り、第8図中のセパレータ5−Aに入射する光束に対し
ては、開口効率が絞りを湾曲させない第7図の場合に比
べて低下し,入射光束径がφ,となる.これに対して、
セバレータ−5−Bに入射する光束は、絞りマスク面に
対しての入射角が小さくなって,開口効率の低下を防ぐ
ことになる.ここで,絞りマスクの厚さとマスク面の湾
曲曲率を適当に選んでやることによって、セバレータ−
5−Bへの入射光束径φ6について,    φ.〉φ
,とすることができる.即ち、絞り板の厚さに起因する
けられ効果を積極的に利用することによって光量分布を
制御することができる。
At this time, it is desirable that the aperture mask surface is cylindrically curved so that it is concave only in the direction in which the two re-imaging lenses are arranged. (Function) The function of the pupil division aperture mask of the present invention will be explained using FIG. 6, FIG. 7, and FIG. 8 which is an embodiment. FIG. 6 shows the image A. formed by the imaging lens. The chief rays A, . A,,B B2
It is expressed as . A and A2, B, and B2 are the corresponding points A1' and A. /. 13% and B, / are connected. If we look at the angles A1 and A2 make with the optical axis X, the angle made by A2 is larger than the angle made by 80. Furthermore, in Figure 7, which shows only the diaphragm and separator lens, it can be seen that the aperture efficiency decreases, that is, vignetting occurs due to the difference in the incident angle of the light beam and the thickness of the diaphragm plate. The difference in angle shown in Figure 6 is
The separator lens causes a decrease in the amount of peripheral light according to the cosine fourth law, and the vignetting shown in FIG. 7 also causes a decrease in the amount of peripheral light, as explained in connection with FIG. This will cause problems with the illuminance distribution on the photodetector surface. In the present invention, these problems are solved by curving the aperture mask surface as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. In other words, in the configuration shown in FIG. 7, the aperture efficiency is determined by setting the diameter of the aperture to φ, the diameter of the light beam incident on the separator lens 5-A as φ, and the diameter of the light beam incident on the separator lens 5-B as shown in the figure. If the diameter of the light beam is φ, vignetting occurs due to the thickness of the plate that makes up the aperture mask ■, and the relationship is as follows. This relationship is combined with the cosine fourth law regarding the angle of incidence on each separator lens, resulting in a decrease in the amount of peripheral light that exceeds the decrease in aperture efficiency. On the other hand, when the curved aperture mask configuration according to the present invention is used, as shown in FIG. The mask becomes tilted. Therefore, the angle of incidence of the incident light beam with respect to the aperture mask surface becomes large, and for the light beam incident on the separator 5-A in FIG. 8, the aperture efficiency does not curve the aperture as shown in FIG. The diameter of the incident light beam becomes φ. On the contrary,
The light beam incident on the separator 5-B has a small incident angle with respect to the aperture mask surface, thereby preventing a decrease in aperture efficiency. Here, by appropriately selecting the thickness of the aperture mask and the curvature of the mask surface, the separator can be
Regarding the incident light beam diameter φ6 to 5-B, φ. 〉φ
, can be made. That is, the light amount distribution can be controlled by actively utilizing the vignetting effect caused by the thickness of the aperture plate.

これによって、セバレータレンズ5−Aと5一Bとの,
それぞれの入射角によるコサイン4乗則に従った周辺光
量低下とφ,、φ,の開口効率の関係がそルぞれ相殺し
て、各セパレーターレンズの像YAとYsとでの照度分
布の差を小さくすることができる。
By this, the separator lenses 5-A and 5-B,
The relationship between the peripheral illuminance reduction according to the cosine fourth law due to each incident angle and the aperture efficiency of φ, φ, cancels each other out, and the difference in illuminance distribution between the images YA and Ys of each separator lens can be made smaller.

絞りマスクの湾曲は、加工性,組立ての容易性などから
考えて、セパレーターレンズの並び方向、すなわち第8
図の紙面内方向でのみ湾曲させるのが良い.これによっ
て、簡単な構成ながら、極めて効果的な光量分布の改善
を達成することができる。このように湾曲させた絞りマ
スクの斜視図を第9図に示す. (発明の効果) 本発明は、上述のように極めて簡単な構成ながら,2つ
のセパレータレンズによる像の照度分布の改善を実現で
き、合焦状態の検出判定において,誤判定を防ぐことが
できる.
The curvature of the aperture mask is determined in the direction in which the separator lenses are arranged, that is, the eighth
It is best to curve only in the direction of the paper plane of the figure. With this, it is possible to achieve extremely effective improvement of the light quantity distribution with a simple configuration. Figure 9 shows a perspective view of the aperture mask curved in this way. (Effects of the Invention) Although the present invention has an extremely simple configuration as described above, it is possible to improve the illuminance distribution of an image by using two separator lenses, and it is possible to prevent erroneous determination in the detection and determination of the in-focus state.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は、本発明の焦点検出用光学系の光学配置の概要
図,第2図.第3図、第4図は、焦点検出方法を説明す
るための説明図、第5図は、再結像面、即ち、受光素子
列面の照度分布図、第6図は、照度分布のちがいを説明
するための説明図、第7図は、絞りマスクが平面のとき
の開口効率低下を説明するための説明図、第8図は本発
明の実施例につき開口効率低下防止作用を説明するため
の説明図,第9図は、本発明の1実施例の絞りマスクの
斜視図である。 1:結像レン      2:予定結像面4:コンデン
サーレンズ 5:セパレーターレンズ 6:受光素子面     ■:絞り 特許呂願人  コニカ株式会社 出願人代理人 弁理士 佐藤文男 (他2名) 第 図 第 ス
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the optical arrangement of the focus detection optical system of the present invention, and Figure 2. Figures 3 and 4 are explanatory diagrams for explaining the focus detection method, Figure 5 is a diagram of the illuminance distribution on the reimaging surface, that is, the surface of the light receiving element array, and Figure 6 is a diagram showing the difference in illuminance distribution. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the reduction in aperture efficiency when the aperture mask is flat, and FIG. FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an aperture mask according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1: Imaging lens 2: Planned image forming surface 4: Condenser lens 5: Separator lens 6: Light-receiving element surface ■: Aperture patent applicant Konica Co., Ltd. applicant's agent Patent attorney Fumio Sato (and 2 others) Fig. vinegar

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)合焦のために光軸方向に移動するレンズ及び該レ
ンズの光軸に対して垂直な平面に並べた2つの再結像レ
ンズを有し、上記合焦レンズによる像を、上記再結像レ
ンズによって、受光素子を一列に並べたラインセンサー
上の夫々異なる位置に再結像させ、ラインセンサ上のこ
の2つの像の位置ずれを検出することによって合焦検出
を行う光学系において、上記再結像レンズの前面に配置
する瞳分割用絞りマスクを、物体側に凹面を向けるよう
に湾曲させたことを特徴とする焦点検出用光学系
(1) It has a lens that moves in the optical axis direction for focusing, and two re-imaging lenses arranged in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens, and the image by the focusing lens is In an optical system that performs focus detection by re-imaging light-receiving elements at different positions on a line sensor arranged in a line using an imaging lens and detecting a positional shift between these two images on the line sensor, A focus detection optical system characterized in that a pupil division aperture mask placed in front of the re-imaging lens is curved so that the concave surface faces the object side.
(2)絞りマスク面を2つの再結像レンズの並び方向に
対してのみ凹面になるようなシリンドリカルに湾曲させ
たことを特徴とする請求項1の焦点検出用光学系
(2) The focus detection optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that the aperture mask surface is cylindrically curved so that it becomes a concave surface only in the direction in which the two re-imaging lenses are arranged.
JP5636689A 1989-03-10 1989-03-10 Focus detecting device Pending JPH02236511A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5636689A JPH02236511A (en) 1989-03-10 1989-03-10 Focus detecting device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5636689A JPH02236511A (en) 1989-03-10 1989-03-10 Focus detecting device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH02236511A true JPH02236511A (en) 1990-09-19

Family

ID=13025256

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP5636689A Pending JPH02236511A (en) 1989-03-10 1989-03-10 Focus detecting device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH02236511A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7304660B2 (en) * 2003-07-11 2007-12-04 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Optical beam scanning device and diaphragm device capable of adjusting light quantity distribution

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7304660B2 (en) * 2003-07-11 2007-12-04 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Optical beam scanning device and diaphragm device capable of adjusting light quantity distribution
US7554568B2 (en) 2003-07-11 2009-06-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Optical beam scanning device and diaphragm device capable of adjusting light quantity distribution

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