JPH02221977A - Device and method for developing - Google Patents
Device and method for developingInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02221977A JPH02221977A JP1041567A JP4156789A JPH02221977A JP H02221977 A JPH02221977 A JP H02221977A JP 1041567 A JP1041567 A JP 1041567A JP 4156789 A JP4156789 A JP 4156789A JP H02221977 A JPH02221977 A JP H02221977A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- toner
- developer
- developing
- roller
- holding member
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 41
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 description 25
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000007857 hydrazones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Dry Development In Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［発明の目的１
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は電子写真装置等で利用される現像装置及び現像
方法に関し、特に鮮明な画像を得ることのできる現像装
置及び現像方法に関するものＣある。Detailed Description of the Invention [Objective of the Invention 1 (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to a developing device and a developing method used in electrophotographic devices, etc. The present invention relates to a developing device and a developing method that can obtain particularly clear images. There is C related to the method.
（従来の技術）
近年にＪ３いでは高速に複写することのできる電子写真
装置が種々提案されている。(Prior Art) In recent years, various electrophotographic apparatuses capable of high-speed copying have been proposed in J3.
このような電子写真装置は、静電潜像保持部Ｈに形成さ
れた静電潜像を現像剤で現像する際に当該現像剤を帯電
させる必要があり、従来の方式では現像剤保持部材に保
持された現像剤を現像剤コーティング部材等によって所
定の極性に摩擦帯電させるようにしている。In such an electrophotographic device, when developing an electrostatic latent image formed on the electrostatic latent image holding portion H with a developer, it is necessary to charge the developer. The retained developer is triboelectrically charged to a predetermined polarity by a developer coating member or the like.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
しかしながら、現像剤保持部材に保持された現像剤のう
ち、前記現像剤コーティング部材等による摩擦帯電が十
分に行なわれず一部の現像剤の帯電が不十分であったり
、又は現像剤同士の摩擦帯電により逆極性に帯電されて
しまった場合には、いわゆる地かぶりが発生して複写さ
れた画像の鮮明度が損われてしまうというｆＩＩＩ題が
あった。(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, some of the developer held in the developer holding member is not sufficiently charged by friction due to the developer coating member, etc. If the developer is charged with opposite polarity due to frictional electrification between the developer and the developer, there is a fIII problem in that so-called background fog occurs and the sharpness of the copied image is impaired.
本発明は上記課題に鑑みてなされたもので、現像剤を適
正に帯電して地かぶりのない鮮明な画像を得ることので
きる現像装置及び現像方法を提供することを目的とする
。The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a developing device and a developing method that can properly charge a developer and obtain a clear image without background fog.
［発明の構成］
（課題を解決するための手段）
上記目的を達成するための本発明が提供する現像方法は
、現像剤層を保持する現像剤保持部材に現像剤規制部材
を押圧することによりＩＪ２像剤を１１帯電する行程と
、前記現像剤保持部材と静電ｉＭ像を保持する静１ｉ潜
像保持部材とを接触させ互いに相対速度をもって回転さ
せることにより現像剤を８１？！電させ現像剤を静電潜
像に付着させる行程とを有して構成した。[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) A developing method provided by the present invention for achieving the above object includes pressing a developer regulating member against a developer holding member that holds a developer layer. The IJ2 developer is charged by 11 electrification, and the developer holding member and the electrostatic iM latent image holding member which holds the electrostatic iM image are brought into contact with each other and rotated at a relative speed to each other to charge the developer by 81? ! The method includes a step of applying an electric current to attach a developer to the electrostatic latent image.
また、上記目的を達成するだめの本発明が提供する現像
ｖｔ置は、現像剤を保持する現像剤保持部材と、現像剤
を保持する現像剤保持部材と、静電潜像を保持する静電
潜像保持部材とを接触し互いに相対速度をもって回転さ
せることにより現像剤を摩擦帯電させ、現像ニップ幅が
現像剤の粒子の体積平均粒径の５０倍以上であることを
特徴とする
（作用）
本発明に係る現像方法は、現像剤保持部材が現像剤層を
保持した状態で回転しており、この回転によって移動す
る現像剤層を現像剤規制部材が押圧することにより当該
現像剤を所定の極性に帯電させる。このようにして摩擦
帯電された後に、更に静電潜像保持部材が現像剤保持部
材と接触状態で互いに相対速度をもって回転することに
より、現像剤保持部材に保持された現像剤を前記現像剤
規制部材による極性と同一極性にｆ′ＦＪＩＭ帯電させ
る。Further, the developing device provided by the present invention to achieve the above object includes a developer holding member that holds a developer, a developer holding member that holds the developer, and an electrostatic latent image that holds an electrostatic latent image. The developer is frictionally charged by contacting the latent image holding member and rotating at a relative speed to each other, and the developing nip width is 50 times or more the volume average particle diameter of the developer particles (function). In the developing method according to the present invention, the developer holding member rotates while holding the developer layer, and the developer regulating member presses the developer layer that moves due to this rotation, thereby controlling the developer to a predetermined level. Charge to polarity. After being triboelectrically charged in this manner, the electrostatic latent image holding member is in contact with the developer holding member and rotates at a relative speed to each other, thereby controlling the developer held by the developer holding member. f'FJIM is charged to the same polarity as that of the member.
これにより確実に摩擦帯電された現像剤が静電潜像に付
着して適正な現像がなされ、鮮明な画像を（ｑることが
できる。This ensures that the triboelectrically charged developer adheres to the electrostatic latent image, resulting in proper development and a clear image.
また、本発明に係る現像装置は、現像剤を保持した現像
剤保持部材と、静電潜像を保持した静電潜像保持部材と
を接触さゼて、互いに相対速度を持って回転させて現像
ニップ部を形成している。Further, the developing device according to the present invention includes a developer holding member holding a developer and an electrostatic latent image holding member holding an electrostatic latent image, which are brought into contact with each other and rotated at a relative speed to each other. It forms a developing nip.
この現像ニップ部の現像ニップ幅を現像剤の粒子の体積
平均粒径の５０倍以上に設定１゛ることにより、現像剤
を確実に摩擦帯電させて前記静電潜像を適正に現像する
。これにより鮮明なｌｉｌ像が得られる。By setting the developing nip width of this developing nip portion to 50 times or more the volume average particle diameter of the developer particles, the developer is reliably triboelectrically charged and the electrostatic latent image is properly developed. This provides a clear lil image.
（実施例）
以下図面を参照して本発明に係る一実施例を詳細に説明
する。(Embodiment) An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
まず第１図を参照して本発明が適用される現像装置の構
成を説明する。First, the configuration of a developing device to which the present invention is applied will be explained with reference to FIG.
現像器１内には現像剤である非磁性トナー３と、この非
磁性トナー３を保持する現像剤保持部材としての現像０
−５５と、攪拌羽根１１及びトナー供給ロー５１３を有
している。この現像Ｏ−ラと静電ｉｔ像を保持する静電
潜像保持部材である感光体ドラム７が接触状態で回転す
ることにより現像ローラ５に保持された非磁性トナー３
によって前記静電潜像が現像される。また現像ローラ５
と感光体ドラム７が接触する現像領域には後で説明する
現像ニップ部９が形成されている。Inside the developing device 1, there is a non-magnetic toner 3 as a developer and a developer 0 as a developer holding member that holds the non-magnetic toner 3.
-55, a stirring blade 11, and a toner supply row 513. The non-magnetic toner 3 held by the developing roller 5 is rotated in contact with the developing roller and the photosensitive drum 7, which is an electrostatic latent image holding member that holds the electrostatic IT image.
The electrostatic latent image is developed. Also, the developing roller 5
A developing nip portion 9, which will be described later, is formed in the developing area where the photosensitive drum 7 contacts.
攪拌羽根１１は、現像器１内に収容された非磁性トナー
３を攪拌する。トナー供給ローラ１３は反時計方向に回
転して非磁性トナー３を現像ローラ５の表面へ供給する
。The stirring blade 11 stirs the non-magnetic toner 3 contained in the developing device 1 . The toner supply roller 13 rotates counterclockwise to supply the non-magnetic toner 3 to the surface of the developing roller 5.
非磁性トナー３はいわゆる非磁性−成分トナーであり、
カーボン、帯電調整剤、ワックス等をエポキシ系樹脂に
混線、分散して調整されている。The non-magnetic toner 3 is a so-called non-magnetic component toner.
It is adjusted by mixing and dispersing carbon, charge control agent, wax, etc. in epoxy resin.
また非磁性トナー３の体積平均粒径は１１．５μ轡程度
に形成され、比ｆｆ１Ｍ（は１．０８に調整されＣいる
。The volume average particle diameter of the non-magnetic toner 3 is approximately 11.5 .mu.m, and the ratio ff1M is adjusted to 1.08.
リカバリーブレード１７は現像ローラ５の下側に配置さ
れ、現像Ｏ−ラ５上の余分な非磁性トナー３、すなわち
現像に供されなかった非磁性トナー３を回収するための
ものである。The recovery blade 17 is disposed below the developing roller 5 and is used to recover excess non-magnetic toner 3 on the developing O-roller 5, that is, non-magnetic toner 3 that has not been subjected to development.
第２図に拡大して示ずコーティングブレード１５は現像
剤層形成部材であり現像０−ラ５に近接して設けられ、
現像剤である非磁性トナー３を現像ローラ５へ押圧する
ことにより、現像ローラ５の表面上にトナー層４を形成
する。また、コーティングブレード１５は現像０−ラ５
の表面の非磁性トナー３の厚さ、すなわちトナー層４の
厚さを規制するものであり、非磁性トナー３がコーティ
ングブレード１５を通過することによりトナー層４の厚
さが所定の値、例えば３０μ−に調整される。尚、この
トナー層４の厚さは３０μｍに限られるものではな（、
白地かぶり及びトナー消費量等によって設定されるもの
であっ【、非磁性トナー３の体積平均粒径の３倍以下の
適宜の厚さに設定されることによって良好な結果を得る
ことができる。 次に第３図を参照して現像ローラ５と
その周辺装置を説明する。The coating blade 15, which is not shown enlarged in FIG. 2, is a developer layer forming member and is provided close to the developer layer 5.
A toner layer 4 is formed on the surface of the developing roller 5 by pressing the non-magnetic toner 3 as a developer against the developing roller 5 . Further, the coating blade 15 is used for development 0-5.
The thickness of the non-magnetic toner 3 on the surface of the toner layer 4 is regulated, and as the non-magnetic toner 3 passes through the coating blade 15, the thickness of the toner layer 4 is adjusted to a predetermined value, e.g. Adjusted to 30μ-. Note that the thickness of this toner layer 4 is not limited to 30 μm (,
It is set depending on the white background fog, toner consumption, etc., and good results can be obtained by setting the thickness to an appropriate thickness of three times or less the volume average particle diameter of the non-magnetic toner 3. Next, the developing roller 5 and its peripheral devices will be explained with reference to FIG.
第３図に示１ように外径６１の金属部材で成るシャフト
２１の外周には、ゴム硬度４０で肉厚６１のＮＢＲゴム
等の弾性部材で成る中聞層２３が形成されている。この
中間１１２３の外周には導電性ポリウレタンエラストマ
等で成る表面導電１ｉＩ２５が好ましくは肉厚２１１以
下、例えば１−に形成されている。また現像ロー５５の
両端部には導電性塗料２７を塗布して、シャフト２１と
表面導電１２５とを電気的に導通状態にしている。また
所定のバイアスを圧Ｅ１例えば−２００ｖが抵抗２９を
介してシャフト２１へ印加されている。As shown in FIG. 3, an intermediate layer 23 made of an elastic material such as NBR rubber having a rubber hardness of 40 and a wall thickness of 61 is formed on the outer periphery of the shaft 21 made of a metal member having an outer diameter of 61. A surface conductive layer 1iI25 made of a conductive polyurethane elastomer or the like is preferably formed on the outer periphery of the intermediate layer 1123 to have a thickness of 211 or less, for example 1-. Further, a conductive paint 27 is applied to both ends of the developing row 55 to make the shaft 21 and the surface conductor 125 electrically conductive. Further, a predetermined bias voltage E1, for example -200V, is applied to the shaft 21 via a resistor 29.
再び第１図を参照して現像０−ラ５と接触状態で回転す
る感光体ドラム７を説明する。感光体ドラム７はいわゆ
る機能分離型の８ｉＨ感光体ドラムであり、アルミニウ
ム素管の外周面に右１１感光体をコーティングしている
。この有ａｌｌ光体は、表面部に形成された電荷輸送層
（以下、ＣＴ層という）と、その下層に形成された電荷
発生層（以下、ＣＧ１１！ｉという）とを有している。Referring again to FIG. 1, the photosensitive drum 7 that rotates in contact with the developer roller 5 will be described. The photoreceptor drum 7 is a so-called functionally separated 8iH photoreceptor drum, and has a right 11 photoreceptor coated on the outer peripheral surface of an aluminum tube. This all-photon substance has a charge transport layer (hereinafter referred to as CT layer) formed on the surface portion and a charge generation layer (hereinafter referred to as CG11!i) formed below the charge transport layer.
ＣＴｌ１ｉＪは電荷輸送物質（ＣＴＭ）にヒドラゾン誘
導体を、バインダにポリエステルカーボネートを用いて
形成され、またＣＧ層は電荷発生物質（ＣＧＭ）にヒド
ラゾン誘導体を、バインダに７エノキシ樹脂を用いＣ形
成されている。CTl1iJ is formed using a hydrazone derivative as a charge transport material (CTM) and polyester carbonate as a binder, and the CG layer is formed using a hydrazone derivative as a charge generating material (CGM) and a 7-enoxy resin as a binder. .
また感光体ドラム７０表面は図示しないスコロトロン帯
′ｉ！ｉ器によって一６５０ｖに帯電され、レーザスキ
ャナにより露光されて静電潜像が形成されでいる。この
静電潜像は感光体ドラム７が時計方向に回転し、現像ロ
ー゛う５と接触する現像領域においで反転現像されるよ
うになっている。Further, the surface of the photosensitive drum 70 is a scorotron band 'i! It is charged to -650V by an i-type device and exposed to light by a laser scanner to form an electrostatic latent image. This electrostatic latent image is reversely developed in the developing area where the photosensitive drum 7 rotates clockwise and comes into contact with the developing row 5.
以上の如く現像ローラ５と感光体ドラム７の各表面層の
主成分は、帯電序列において非磁性トナー３を所定の極
性例えば負に帯電させるべく所定の材質から形成されて
いる。As described above, the main components of each surface layer of the developing roller 5 and the photosensitive drum 7 are formed of a predetermined material in order to charge the non-magnetic toner 3 to a predetermined polarity, for example, negative, in the charging order.
次に第７図を参照して現像ローラ５と感光体ドラム７が
接触して現像する現像領域に形成される現像ニップ部９
を説明する。Next, referring to FIG. 7, a developing nip portion 9 is formed in a developing area where the developing roller 5 and the photoreceptor drum 7 contact each other to develop the image.
Explain.
現像ローラ５は前述した如く弾性を有しているため、感
光体ドラム７による抑圧でその接触部分が変形し現像ニ
ップ部９が形成される。このとぎ現像ローラ５と感光体
ドラム７とが接触する接触点Ｐａとｐｂとの距離、すな
わち現像ニップ幅しは、例えば１．２１に設定される。As described above, since the developing roller 5 has elasticity, the contact portion thereof is deformed by being pressed by the photoreceptor drum 7, and the developing nip portion 9 is formed. The distance between the contact points Pa and Pb where the sharpening developing roller 5 and the photosensitive drum 7 come into contact, that is, the developing nip width is set to, for example, 1.21.
この場合の現像ニップ幅しは接触点ｐａからＰｂまでの
現像ローラ５の外周の長さ、若しくは接触点ｐａとｐｂ
との直線距離のいずれであってもそれ程の差がなく、実
質上はいずれを用いてもよい。In this case, the developing nip width is the length of the outer circumference of the developing roller 5 from the contact point pa to Pb, or the contact point pa and pb.
There is not much difference in the straight line distance between the two, and virtually any one can be used.
次に作用を説明する。Next, the effect will be explained.
非磁性トナー３がトナー供給０−ラ１３によって現像ロ
ーラ５へ供給されると、静電的な鏡像力又は物理的な付
着力等によって現像Ｏ−ラ５の表面に付着し、若しくは
接触する。このように現像ローラ５の表面に付着し若し
くは接触した状態の＃磁性トナー３は、現像ローラ５の
反時計方向への回転に伴い］−ティングブレード１５へ
送られる。When the non-magnetic toner 3 is supplied to the developing roller 5 by the toner supply roller 13, it adheres to or contacts the surface of the developing roller 5 due to electrostatic mirror image force or physical adhesion force. The #magnetic toner 3 adhering to or in contact with the surface of the developing roller 5 in this manner is sent to the tipping blade 15 as the developing roller 5 rotates counterclockwise.
このコーティングブレード１５によって現像剤層である
トナー１１！４が形成される。このとぎ第２図に示Ｊよ
うに、トナー層４の現像ローラ５の表面に直接接してい
る非磁性トナー３ａは現像０−ラ５との摩擦によって帯
電される。また、トナーＷ４４の表面側に位置する非磁
性トナー３ｂはコーティングブレード１５を通過する際
にこのコーティングブレード１５とのｆｆｌ擦によって
帯電される。This coating blade 15 forms a toner layer 11!4 which is a developer layer. At this point, as shown in FIG. 2, the non-magnetic toner 3a of the toner layer 4 which is in direct contact with the surface of the developing roller 5 is charged by friction with the developing roller 5. Further, the non-magnetic toner 3b located on the surface side of the toner W44 is charged by ffl friction with the coating blade 15 when passing through the coating blade 15.
このときトナー層４の下側、すなわち現像ローラ５に直
接接している非磁性トナー３ａは十分に帯電されている
のに対し、トナー層５の表面側の非磁性トナー３ｂはコ
ーティングブレード１５との摩擦によってのみ帯電され
るため、十分な帯電がなされない場合が生じる。この上
層側の非磁性トナー３ｂに対しては後で説明する現像ニ
ップ部９で確実且つ十分な帯電がなされる。At this time, the non-magnetic toner 3a on the lower side of the toner layer 4, that is, in direct contact with the developing roller 5, is sufficiently charged, whereas the non-magnetic toner 3b on the surface side of the toner layer 5 is in contact with the coating blade 15. Since it is charged only by friction, there may be cases where sufficient charging is not achieved. The upper non-magnetic toner 3b is reliably and sufficiently charged in a developing nip 9, which will be described later.
また現像ローラ５は反時計方向へ回転するとともに、感
光体ドラム７は時計方面へ回転しており、このように現
像ローラ５と感光体ドラム７とが押圧状態で互いに相対
速度を持って回転することにより、現＠０−ラ５に保持
された非磁性トナー３が現像ニップ部９で感光体ドラム
７と＊１＊１．て確実にｊｉ１擦帯電される。すなわち
帯電が十分でない非磁性トナー３ｂが現像ニップ部９に
おいて、確実に非磁性トナー３ａと同一極性に帯電され
る。Further, the developing roller 5 rotates counterclockwise, and the photoreceptor drum 7 rotates clockwise. In this way, the developing roller 5 and the photoreceptor drum 7 rotate at a relative speed to each other in a pressed state. As a result, the non-magnetic toner 3 held on the developer@0-ra 5 contacts the photoreceptor drum 7 in the developing nip portion 9 *1*1. to ensure that ji1 is frictionally charged. That is, the insufficiently charged non-magnetic toner 3b is reliably charged to the same polarity as the non-magnetic toner 3a in the developing nip portion 9.
これにより現４！ｌ＠域では地かぶりのない適正な現像
が行われる。現像に供されなかった余分な非磁性トナー
３は、現像ローラ５の回転に伴ってリカバリーブレード
１７を通過し現像器１内に回収される。また反時計方向
に回転するトナー供給Ｕ−ラ１３が前記余分な非磁性ト
ナー３をかき落すことにより、現像０−ラ５をリフレッ
シュする。As a result, it is now 4! In the l@ area, proper development without background fog is performed. Excess non-magnetic toner 3 that has not been subjected to development passes through a recovery blade 17 as the developing roller 5 rotates and is collected into the developing device 1. Further, the toner supply U-ra 13 rotating counterclockwise scrapes off the excess non-magnetic toner 3, thereby refreshing the developer O-ra 5.
第８図は現像ローラ５の回転速度、すなわち周速度υｒ
と、感光体ドラム７の周速度υｄ （υｄ＝ １００
［ｎ１ｍ／ｓｅｅ ］ ）との周速比（υｒ ／υｄ
）を変化させた場合における、現像ニップ部９を通過し
た直後の非磁性トナー３の帯電ｆｆ１Ｑｄ ［μＣ／
９］を示したものである。このとき現像ニップ部９を通
過する前の非磁性トナー３の帯電ｆｆ１Ｑｄは１５．７
［μ０／ｇ１である。FIG. 8 shows the rotational speed of the developing roller 5, that is, the circumferential speed υr.
and the circumferential speed υd of the photoreceptor drum 7 (υd= 100
[n1m/see ] ) and circumferential speed ratio (υr /υd
), the charge ff1Qd of the non-magnetic toner 3 immediately after passing through the developing nip 9 [μC/
9]. At this time, the charge ff1Qd of the non-magnetic toner 3 before passing through the developing nip portion 9 is 15.7.
[μ0/g1.
第８図からも明らかなように周速比が１のとき、す°な
わち現像Ｏ−ラ５と感光体ドラム７の周速度が等しい場
合には、現像ニップ部９での帯電がほとんど行われず非
磁性トナー３の帯電量は最低の値を示している。また周
速比を大きくケるに応じて非磁性トナー３の帯電量が増
加する。これは現像ニップ郡９における非磁性トナー３
と感光体ドラム７との摩擦が効果的になされるからであ
る。As is clear from FIG. 8, when the circumferential speed ratio is 1, that is, when the circumferential speeds of the developing O-roller 5 and the photosensitive drum 7 are equal, almost no charging occurs in the developing nip 9. However, the amount of charge of the non-magnetic toner 3 shows the lowest value. Furthermore, as the circumferential speed ratio increases, the amount of charge on the non-magnetic toner 3 increases. This is the non-magnetic toner 3 in the developing nip group 9.
This is because friction between the photoreceptor drum 7 and the photoreceptor drum 7 is effectively generated.
また更に現像ロー５５の周速度を速くして周速比が所定
の値、例えば周速比が２を上回ると、非磁性トナー３の
帯電量が減少する。これは現像ニップ部９における非磁
性トナー３のＨｎｎ待時間短くなるからである。また周
速比を１以下に小さくすると、非磁性トナー３の帯電ｍ
は増加するが最適な１６１１ｍ度を維持することが困難
になる。Furthermore, when the circumferential speed of the developing row 55 is further increased so that the circumferential speed ratio exceeds a predetermined value, for example, the circumferential speed ratio exceeds 2, the amount of charge on the non-magnetic toner 3 decreases. This is because the Hnn waiting time of the non-magnetic toner 3 in the developing nip portion 9 is shortened. Furthermore, when the circumferential speed ratio is reduced to 1 or less, the non-magnetic toner 3 is charged m
increases, but it becomes difficult to maintain the optimum 1611 m degree.
以上のことから現像ロー５５の周速度υｒと感光体ドラ
ム７の周速度υｄとの周速比（υｒ／υｄ）は次の第０
）式の範囲内の値に設定することが好ましい。From the above, the circumferential speed ratio (υr/υd) between the circumferential speed υr of the developing row 55 and the circumferential speed υd of the photoreceptor drum 7 is the following 0th
) is preferably set to a value within the range of the formula.
０．５≦υｒ／υｄ≦３ ・・・・・・（１）本発明に
係る実施例は現像ローラ５の周速度υｒ ＝ １６０
［＋ｎ／ｓｅｃ ］ ｋ：対シテ感光体トラム７の周速
度ｖｄを１００ ［ｍｍ／ｓｅａ ］ 、ｔなわち周速
比を１．６に設定しである。0.5≦υr/υd≦3 (1) In the embodiment according to the present invention, the circumferential speed of the developing roller 5 υr = 160
[+n/sec] k: The peripheral speed vd of the photoreceptor tram 7 relative to the city is set to 100 [mm/sea], t, that is, the peripheral speed ratio is set to 1.6.
次に第９図及び第１０図を参照して鮮明な１Ｔｉｌ像を
得るため、現像ニップ部９の大きさを最適な値に設定づ
る場合について説明する。Next, with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10, a case will be described in which the size of the developing nip portion 9 is set to an optimum value in order to obtain a clear 1-tilt image.
現像ニップ部９の現像ニップ幅りが小さい場合には、非
磁性トナー３と感光体ドラム７との摩擦が低十するので
帯Ｗｉｍが減少して良好な画像が得られなくなる。そこ
で現像ニップ部９の現像ニップ幅りを適正な値に設定す
る必要がある。If the developing nip width of the developing nip portion 9 is small, the friction between the non-magnetic toner 3 and the photosensitive drum 7 will be low, and the band Wim will decrease, making it impossible to obtain a good image. Therefore, it is necessary to set the developing nip width of the developing nip portion 9 to an appropriate value.
第１０図は現像ニップ部９の現像ニップ幅りを０．２１
１１１１から２μｍ１ｍまで変化させた場合の特性図で
あり、第１０図に示す曲線Ａは現像ニッ７″部９の現像
ニップ幅りに対するかぶりトナーｉ＋Ｒｂ１同じく曲線
Ｂは体積平均粒径が１１．５μｍのトナーを用いた場合
の現像ニップ幅りに対する現像ニップ部９を通過した直
後のトナーの帯電量Ｑｄを示し、同じく曲線Ｃは体積平
均粒径が７，８μｍの１〜ナーを用いた場合の現像ニッ
プ幅りに対する現像ニップ部９を通過した直後のトナー
の帯電量Ｑｄを示したものである。Figure 10 shows the developing nip width of the developing nip section 9 by 0.21.
1111 to 2 μm to 1 m, the curve A shown in FIG. Curve C shows the charge amount Qd of the toner immediately after passing through the developing nip section 9 with respect to the width of the developing nip when toner is used, and curve C shows the amount of charge Qd of the toner immediately after passing through the developing nip section 9 with respect to the width of the developing nip when toner is used. The graph shows the amount of charge Qd of the toner immediately after passing through the developing nip portion 9 with respect to the nip width.
まず第９図を参照して非磁性トナー３の帯電量Ｑｄの測
定を説明する。現像ニップ部９を通過した直後の現像ロ
ーラ５上の非磁性トナー３を吸引０４１を介してクリー
ナ４３により吸引する。この吸引された非磁性トナー３
はサイクロン４５によってファラデゲージ４７へ導かれ
る。ファラデゲージ４７はサイクロン４５によって捕集
された非磁性トナー３の全体の電荷ｆｆ１Ｑを測定する
。吸引された非磁性トナー３のｆｆ１Ｍは吸引前後の現
像Ｐｌｉ１の重さの差より求められ、この非磁性トナー
３のｆｆ１Ｍと電荷ｆｉｌｉＱから非磁性トナー３の電
荷量Ｑｄは次の第（２）式の如く算出される。First, measurement of the amount of charge Qd of the non-magnetic toner 3 will be explained with reference to FIG. The non-magnetic toner 3 on the developing roller 5 immediately after passing through the developing nip portion 9 is sucked by the cleaner 43 via the suction 041. This attracted non-magnetic toner 3
is guided to Faraday gauge 47 by cyclone 45. The Faraday gauge 47 measures the total charge ff1Q of the non-magnetic toner 3 collected by the cyclone 45. The ff1M of the attracted non-magnetic toner 3 is determined from the difference in weight of the developed image Pli1 before and after the attraction, and from the ff1M of the non-magnetic toner 3 and the electric charge filiQ, the electric charge Qd of the non-magnetic toner 3 is calculated as follows (2). It is calculated as shown in the formula.
Ｑｄ ＝Ｑ／Ｍ ・・・・・・（２）次にかぶりトナ
ーｆｆ１Ｒｂを測定する場合は、感光体ドラム７の非画
像部を白紙でテーピングした状態でサンプリングして行
う。例えばミノルタカメラ（株）製の色彩色差計により
計測したサンプリング前のテープの反射率をＲＥ、サン
プリング後のテープの反射率をＲ３とすると、このとき
のかぶりトナーｆｆ１Ｒｂは次の第（３）式により算出
される。Qd = Q/M (2) Next, when measuring the fog toner ff1Rb, sampling is performed with the non-image area of the photoreceptor drum 7 taped with blank paper. For example, if the reflectance of the tape before sampling measured by a color difference meter manufactured by Minolta Camera Co., Ltd. is RE, and the reflectance of the tape after sampling is R3, the fog toner ff1Rb at this time is calculated using the following equation (3). Calculated by
Ｒｂ ＝Ｒｔ −Ｒ３・・・・・・（３）また、現
像ニップ部９におけるトナー層４のかさ密度１ｙｌｅは
以下のように算出される。すなわち現像ニップ部９にお
けるトナーＩ！４の厚ざｄをレーザ測長器等を用いて計
測する。次に現像ニップ部９に存在するトナー層４の面
積をＳＳ重さをＭａとすると、かさ密度Ｍｅは次の第（
４）式により韓出される。Rb = Rt - R3 (3) Moreover, the bulk density 1yle of the toner layer 4 in the developing nip portion 9 is calculated as follows. That is, toner I! in the developing nip portion 9! Measure the thickness d of 4 using a laser length measuring device or the like. Next, if the area of the toner layer 4 existing in the developing nip 9 is SS and the weight is Ma, then the bulk density Me is the following (
4) It is taken out of Korea by the ceremony.
Ｍｅ −Ｍａ ／ （ｄ ｘｓ ） −・・−（４）
第１０図からも明らかなように体積平均粒径が１１．５
μｍのトナーを用いた場合には、現像ニップ部９の現像
ニップ幅りが０．５ｍｍ以上であるとトナーの帯電が十
分になされ、且つかぶりトナー ｆｆｉ Ｒｂも減少す
る。同様に体積平均粒径が７゜８μ−のトナーを用いた
場合には、現像ニップ部９の現像ニップ幅りが０．３５
〜Ｑ、４ｎ＋ｍより大きくなるに応じて帯’ｌｆｆ１Ｑ
ｄも増加する。Me −Ma / (d xs ) −・・−(4)
As is clear from Figure 10, the volume average particle diameter is 11.5.
When toner of μm is used, if the developing nip width of the developing nip portion 9 is 0.5 mm or more, the toner is sufficiently charged, and the amount of fogged toner ffi Rb is also reduced. Similarly, when toner with a volume average particle diameter of 7°8μ is used, the developing nip width of the developing nip portion 9 is 0.35.
~Q, band 'lff1Q as it becomes larger than 4n+m
d also increases.
以上の結果から、現像ニップ部９の現像ニップ幅りをト
ナーの体積平均粒径の５０倍以上の値に設定するど、十
分な帯電がなされ、良質な画像を得ることができる。From the above results, sufficient charging can be achieved and a high-quality image can be obtained by setting the width of the developing nip portion 9 to a value 50 times or more the volume average particle diameter of the toner.
また、現像ニップ部９の現像ニップ幅りを必要以上に大
ぎく設定すると、現像ローラ５又は感光体ドラム７を回
転させるための回転トルクに問題を生じる。Furthermore, if the developing nip width of the developing nip portion 9 is set to be larger than necessary, a problem arises in the rotational torque for rotating the developing roller 5 or the photosensitive drum 7.
従って、現像ニップ部９の現像ニップ幅りはトナーの体
積平均粒径の５０倍から５００倍の範囲内の値に設定す
ることが好ましい。Therefore, the developing nip width of the developing nip portion 9 is preferably set to a value within a range of 50 to 500 times the volume average particle diameter of the toner.
第１１図はコーティングブレード１５を調整して現像ロ
ーラ５の表面に形成される非磁性トナー３の厚さ、すな
わちトナー層厚りを変化させた場合の特性図であり、第
１１図の曲線Ａはトナー層厚りに対するかぶりトナーｆ
ｆ１Ｒｂ （％）を示し、第１１図の曲線Ｂはトナー
層厚りに対する現像ニップ部９を通過した直後の非磁性
トナー３の帯電ｆｆ１Ｑｄを示したものである。FIG. 11 is a characteristic diagram when the thickness of the non-magnetic toner 3 formed on the surface of the developing roller 5, that is, the toner layer thickness, is changed by adjusting the coating blade 15, and the curve A in FIG. is the fogging toner f with respect to the toner layer thickness
f1Rb (%), and curve B in FIG. 11 shows the charge ff1Qd of the non-magnetic toner 3 immediately after passing through the developing nip 9 with respect to the toner layer thickness.
尚、第１１図に示すトナー層厚りはキャノン（株）製の
レーザ測長器を用いて計測した。The toner layer thickness shown in FIG. 11 was measured using a laser length measuring device manufactured by Canon Corporation.
第１１図からも明らかなようにトナー層厚りを大きく設
定すると、かぶりトナーｆｆ１Ｒｂが増大するとともに
、帯電５１Ｑｄが減少する。これはトノ゛−層４を厚く
づると、現像ローラ５とコーティングブレード１５との
双方に接触しない非磁性トナー３が生じるからである。As is clear from FIG. 11, when the toner layer thickness is set large, the fogging toner ff1Rb increases and the charging 51Qd decreases. This is because if the toner layer 4 is made too thick, the non-magnetic toner 3 will not come into contact with both the developing roller 5 and the coating blade 15.
従ってトナー層厚りは非磁性トナー３の粒径の３倍以下
の値に設定することが望ましい。Therefore, it is desirable to set the toner layer thickness to a value that is three times or less the particle size of the non-magnetic toner 3.
第４図は現像Ｏ−ラ５の第２の実施例である。FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the developing roller 5. As shown in FIG.
第４図に示す例では中間層２３ａを低抗体により形成し
、バイアス電圧Ｅを直接シャフト２１へ印加して抵抗２
９を不要にしたものである。In the example shown in FIG. 4, the intermediate layer 23a is formed of a low antibody, and the bias voltage E is applied directly to the shaft 21 to resist the resistance 2.
This eliminates the need for 9.
第５図は現像口Ｔう５の第３の実施例を示したものであ
り、中間層２３と表面導電層２５との変方の機能を兼ね
備えた弾性抵抗体２４をシャフト２１の外周に形成し、
簡単な構成により更にコストの低減を図るようにしたも
のである。FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the developing port T5, in which an elastic resistor 24 having the function of deforming the intermediate layer 23 and the surface conductive layer 25 is formed on the outer periphery of the shaft 21. death,
The simple configuration aims to further reduce costs.
第６図は現像ローラ５の第４の実施例を示したものであ
り、表面導電ＷＪ２５の外周に低抗層３１を形成し、こ
の抵抗層３１と、表面導電層２５と、中１９ＩＢ２３と
で３層構造の弾性部を形成したものである。FIG. 6 shows a fourth embodiment of the developing roller 5, in which a low resistance layer 31 is formed on the outer periphery of the surface conductive WJ 25, and this resistance layer 31, the surface conductive layer 25, and the middle 19IB23 are formed. The elastic part has a three-layer structure.
また第６図に示した抵抗層３１は誘電体に金属球や金属
粉を分散させたもの等適宜の部材により形成される。The resistance layer 31 shown in FIG. 6 is formed of an appropriate material such as a dielectric material with metal balls or metal powder dispersed therein.
また、かさ密度Ｍｅを一定にした状態で現像ニップ部９
の現像ニップ幅りを大きくすると、この現像ニップ部９
における非磁性トナー３の帯電が更に確実になされる。Further, with the bulk density Me constant, the developing nip portion 9
When the developing nip width is increased, this developing nip portion 9
The non-magnetic toner 3 is more reliably charged.
このため現象ローラ５の弾性部、丈なわら中間層２３を
軟質な部材で形成することが考えられる。じかしながら
、Ｉｌｉ！像口−ラ５の弾性部を必要以上に軟質な部材
で形成すると、現像Ｏ−ラ５が更に変形し、耐久性等に
問題を生じる。このため現像Ｏ−ラ５の弾性部のゴム硬
度は１５乃至６０に設定することが望ましい。For this reason, it is conceivable to form the elastic portion of the phenomenon roller 5 and the long intermediate straw layer 23 with a soft material. Ili! If the elastic portion of the image opening roller 5 is made of a material that is softer than necessary, the developing roller 5 will be further deformed, causing problems in durability and the like. For this reason, it is desirable that the rubber hardness of the elastic portion of the developing roller 5 is set to 15 to 60.
尚、前述した実施例では静電潜像を現像するための現像
剤として非磁性−成分のトナーを用いた場合を例に示し
たが、適宜の現像剤、例えば２種類の成分を含有するが
実質的には一成分とみなせる、いわゆる１、５成分のト
ナーを用いで構成してもよい。Incidentally, in the above-mentioned embodiment, a case was shown in which a non-magnetic component toner was used as a developer for developing an electrostatic latent image, but an appropriate developer, for example, a toner containing two types of components, The toner may be constructed using so-called 1- or 5-component toner, which can be substantially regarded as one component.
また、前述した実施例では現像剤を負に帯電させるとと
もに、有機感光体をコーティングした感光体ドラムを用
いて反転現像を行うように構成したが、本発明はこれに
限定されることなく、適宜の方式、例えば現像剤を正に
帯電させて現像する方式、若しくは無機感光体をコーテ
ィングした感光体ドラムを用いて正規現像を行う方式等
の複写機に適用することができる。Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the developer is negatively charged and the reversal development is performed using a photoreceptor drum coated with an organic photoreceptor, but the present invention is not limited to this, and may be used as appropriate. For example, the present invention can be applied to a copying machine using a method in which development is performed by positively charging a developer, or a method in which regular development is performed using a photoreceptor drum coated with an inorganic photoreceptor.
更に第１図に示した実施例では、現像ローラ５と感光体
ドラム７とを回転させて現像ニップ部９における感光体
ドラム７の感光体の移動方向と、現像０−５５に保持さ
れた現像剤の移動方向とを接触点において同一方向に設
定しているが、この現像剤の移動方向と感光体の移動方
向とを相対する方向に設定してもよい。Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the developing roller 5 and the photoreceptor drum 7 are rotated to adjust the moving direction of the photoreceptor of the photoreceptor drum 7 in the developing nip 9 and the developer held in the developer 0-55. Although the moving direction of the developer is set to be the same direction at the contact point, the moving direction of the developer and the moving direction of the photoreceptor may be set to be opposite directions.
この場合、現像剤及び感光体の材質又は記録速度等に応
じて現像剤と感光体の相対速度を適宜に設定する必要が
ある。In this case, it is necessary to appropriately set the relative speed between the developer and the photoreceptor depending on the materials of the developer and the photoreceptor, the recording speed, and the like.
〔発明の効果］
以上説明してきたように本発明に係る現像方法は、現像
剤規制部材との＊ｍによる帯電行程と、現像剤保持部材
と静電潜像保持部材とを接触させ互いに相対速度を持っ
て回転させて行なう帯電行程とで現像剤を確実且つ適正
に帯電させるようにしたので鮮明な画像を得ることがで
きる。[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the developing method according to the present invention includes the charging process of *m with the developer regulating member, and the relative velocity of the developer holding member and the electrostatic latent image holding member by bringing them into contact with each other. Since the developer is reliably and appropriately charged through the charging process, which is carried out by holding and rotating the developer, a clear image can be obtained.
また本発明に係る現像装置によれば、現像ニップ部の現
像ニップ幅を現像剤の体積平均粒径の５０倍以上の値に
設定するようにしたので、現像剤を十分且つ適正に帯電
させることができ、鮮明な画像を得ることができる。Further, according to the developing device according to the present invention, the developing nip width of the developing nip portion is set to a value that is 50 times or more the volume average particle diameter of the developer, so that the developer can be sufficiently and appropriately charged. This allows you to obtain clear images.
第１図は本発明に係る一実施例の構成図、第２図は第１
図の部分拡大図、第３図（Ａ）は現像ローラの一部を示
した平面図、第３図（Ｂ）は第３図（Ａ）の断面図、第
４図、第５図及び第６図は現像ローラの他の構成例を示
した説明図、第７図は第１図の現像ニップ部を示した説
明図、第８図は周速比に対する現像剤の１）電量を示し
た特性図、第９図は現像剤の帯電位を計測する場合を示
した説明図、第１０図は現像ニップ郡の現像ニップ幅に
対する現像剤の帯電位とかぶりトナー饅を示した特性図
、第１１図はトナー層の厚さに対する現像剤の帯電聞と
かぶりトナー醋を示した特性図である。
３・・・非磁性トナー ５・・・現像ローラ７・・
・感光体ドラム ９・・・現像ニップ部１５・・・
コーティングブレード
杭１図FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment according to the present invention, and FIG.
3(A) is a plan view showing a part of the developing roller, FIG. 3(B) is a sectional view of FIG. 3(A), and FIGS. 4, 5, and Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the configuration of the developing roller, Fig. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the developing nip section of Fig. 1, and Fig. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing 1) the amount of charge of the developer with respect to the circumferential speed ratio. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the case where the charged potential of the developer is measured. FIG. 10 is a characteristic diagram showing the charged potential of the developer and the fogged toner mass with respect to the developing nip width of the developing nip group. FIG. 11 is a characteristic diagram showing the charge ratio of the developer and the fogging toner concentration with respect to the thickness of the toner layer. 3...Non-magnetic toner 5...Developing roller 7...
・Photoreceptor drum 9...Developing nip section 15...
Coated blade pile 1 diagram
Claims (2)
部材を押圧することにより現像剤を摩擦帯電する行程と
、前記現像剤保持部材と静電潜像を保持する静電潜像保
持部材とを接触させ互いに相対速度をもつて回転させる
ことにより現像剤を摩擦帯電させ現像剤を静電潜像に付
着させる行程とを有することを特徴とする現像方法。(1) A process of triboelectrically charging the developer by pressing a developer regulating member against a developer holding member that holds a developer layer, and electrostatic latent image holding that holds the electrostatic latent image with the developer holding member. 1. A developing method comprising the step of triboelectrically charging a developer and adhering the developer to an electrostatic latent image by bringing the members into contact with each other and rotating them at a relative speed.
保持する静電潜像保持部材とを接触し互いに相対速度を
もって回転させることにより現像剤を摩擦帯電させ、現
像ニップ幅が現像剤の粒子の体積平均粒径の５０倍以上
であることを特徴とする現像装置。(2) The developer holding member that holds the developer and the electrostatic latent image holding member that holds the electrostatic latent image are brought into contact with each other and rotated at a relative speed to triboelectrically charge the developer, thereby increasing the development nip width. A developing device characterized in that the volume average particle size of developer particles is 50 times or more.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1041567A JP2815888B2 (en) | 1989-02-23 | 1989-02-23 | Development method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1041567A JP2815888B2 (en) | 1989-02-23 | 1989-02-23 | Development method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02221977A true JPH02221977A (en) | 1990-09-04 |
| JP2815888B2 JP2815888B2 (en) | 1998-10-27 |
Family
ID=12612023
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1041567A Expired - Lifetime JP2815888B2 (en) | 1989-02-23 | 1989-02-23 | Development method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2815888B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0932086A2 (en) * | 1998-01-21 | 1999-07-28 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Developing apparatus and method for manufacturing the same |
| JP2000019835A (en) * | 1998-07-01 | 2000-01-21 | Mita Ind Co Ltd | Developing device and developing roller used therefor |
| US7076194B2 (en) | 2004-03-29 | 2006-07-11 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Developing device and image forming apparatus |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1213621B1 (en) | 1999-08-19 | 2011-10-05 | Katsuragawa Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Developing device |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62223771A (en) * | 1986-03-26 | 1987-10-01 | Toshiba Corp | Developing device |
-
1989
- 1989-02-23 JP JP1041567A patent/JP2815888B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62223771A (en) * | 1986-03-26 | 1987-10-01 | Toshiba Corp | Developing device |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0932086A2 (en) * | 1998-01-21 | 1999-07-28 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Developing apparatus and method for manufacturing the same |
| EP0932086A3 (en) * | 1998-01-21 | 2000-11-02 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Developing apparatus and method for manufacturing the same |
| JP2000019835A (en) * | 1998-07-01 | 2000-01-21 | Mita Ind Co Ltd | Developing device and developing roller used therefor |
| US7076194B2 (en) | 2004-03-29 | 2006-07-11 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Developing device and image forming apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2815888B2 (en) | 1998-10-27 |
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