JPH022165A - Image sensor - Google Patents

Image sensor

Info

Publication number
JPH022165A
JPH022165A JP63145886A JP14588688A JPH022165A JP H022165 A JPH022165 A JP H022165A JP 63145886 A JP63145886 A JP 63145886A JP 14588688 A JP14588688 A JP 14588688A JP H022165 A JPH022165 A JP H022165A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
image sensor
apertures
photodiode
light
photodiode array
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP63145886A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Katsuaki Komatsu
克明 小松
Yuji Tamura
祐二 田村
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Konica Minolta Inc
Original Assignee
Konica Minolta Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Konica Minolta Inc filed Critical Konica Minolta Inc
Priority to JP63145886A priority Critical patent/JPH022165A/en
Publication of JPH022165A publication Critical patent/JPH022165A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Landscapes

  • Light Receiving Elements (AREA)
  • Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)
  • Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make the sensitivity distribution of a photodiode array by a method wherein a plurality of apertures are provided in the region defining the light receiving part of at least one of a pair of electrodes between which an amorphous semiconductor whose main component is silicon and of which a photodiode at a predetermined position of the photodiode array is composed is provided. CONSTITUTION:A plurality of apertures 2a are formed in a lower electrode 2. The size and the number of the apertures 2a are so determined as to obtain a required light signal level when a light with a certain luminous power is applied. In other words, taking a photodiode array in one block of an image sensor, the apertures 2a are provided in the lower electrodes of photodiodes near the end of the block and, the closer the photodiode to the end, the larger the total aperture area (the area of the one aperture 2a X the number of apertures). A light signal output for a certain luminous power can be reduced, so that the nonuniformity of the light outputs along the longitudinal direction of the image sensor can be corrected.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (産業上の利用分野) 本発明は複数個のフォトダイオードを並設して成るイメ
ージセンサに関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an image sensor including a plurality of photodiodes arranged in parallel.

(従来技術) ファクシミリやスキャナなどの画像情報読取り素子とし
てフォトダイオードを並設して構成してフォトダイオー
ドアレイから成るイメージセンサか用いられている。
(Prior Art) As an image information reading element in facsimile machines, scanners, etc., an image sensor consisting of a photodiode array, which is constructed by arranging photodiodes in parallel, is used.

一方、光電変換材料としてのアモルファスシリコンは光
電変換特性、製作性、安定性にすぐれ。
On the other hand, amorphous silicon as a photoelectric conversion material has excellent photoelectric conversion characteristics, manufacturability, and stability.

高抵抗性をいかした電荷蓄積モードで動作させた場合高
い光応答速度も得られるなどすぐれた性質を有するので
、フォトダイオードの材料にも用いられている。
Because it has excellent properties such as a high light response speed when operated in a charge accumulation mode that takes advantage of its high resistance, it is also used as a material for photodiodes.

アモルファスシリコンを用いた従来のショットキー形フ
ォトダイオードの構成は第3図(ロ)に示すように、基
板l上にC「などの金属材料で下部電極2を形成し、次
にアモルファスシリコン層3を形成し、その上にITO
(インジウム・スズ酸化物)などの透明伝導膜4を蒸着
させたものてあり、下部電極2と透明導電層4とが重な
る領域でフォトダイオードが形成される。
The structure of a conventional Schottky photodiode using amorphous silicon is as shown in FIG. and ITO on top of it.
A transparent conductive film 4 such as (indium tin oxide) is deposited thereon, and a photodiode is formed in the region where the lower electrode 2 and the transparent conductive layer 4 overlap.

このような構造のフォトダイオードを第3図(イ)に示
すように近接して並設することによりイメージセンサが
構成されているか、各フォトダイオードは電気的には第
4図に示すように、タイオートDと蓄積室’X CDと
の並列回路と等価的に考えられる。
An image sensor is constructed by arranging photodiodes having such a structure in close proximity as shown in FIG. 3(A), or each photodiode is electrically connected as shown in FIG. It can be considered equivalent to a parallel circuit of tie auto D and storage chamber 'X CD.

フォトダイオードに光か当ったときに得られる光信号(
電圧)Vは次に式で表わされる。
Optical signal obtained when light hits a photodiode (
The voltage) V is expressed by the following formula.

V= t p X tg / (Cp + Cw )こ
こでil、は光が当ったときに流れる電流、t。
V= t p

は蓄蹟時間、C,,は配線間の浮遊容量である。is the storage time, and C, is the stray capacitance between wires.

ここて浮遊容量CXについてもう少し詳細に検討するた
めに、イメージセンサの配置、構成を見てみると、イメ
ージセンサは第5図(イ)に示すように、基板の長手方
向に複数のフォトダイオードか並べて形成されており、
各フォトダイオードからは基板1の反対側の側縁に設け
られた端子5まで配線が伸びている。フォトダイオード
アレイは複数のフォトダイオードごとにブロックBLK
、、BLK2.−BLKnに分割されて配線されるので
、いまその1つのブロックBLK、について配線形状を
みると、中央部の配線6aはほとんど直線状であるか、
端部にいくにつれて配線6bは屈曲し、その屈曲程度が
大きくなる。そのために、配線どうしか互いに及ぼす影
響は基板の長手方向に異なり、配線間の浮遊容量C,も
それに応じて異なる。その結果、lブロックを構成する
フォトダイオードに同じ光量を照射したときの光信号出
力は第5図(ロ)に示すように、ブロックの中央部より
端部の方か大きくなり、しかも端部にいくほど大きくな
る傾向がある。このようにイメージセンサの長子方向に
感度の分布か均一にならないという問題がある。
Now, in order to consider the stray capacitance CX in more detail, let's look at the arrangement and configuration of the image sensor. They are formed side by side,
Wiring extends from each photodiode to a terminal 5 provided on the opposite side edge of the substrate 1. The photodiode array has a block BLK for each multiple photodiodes.
,,BLK2. Since the wiring is divided into -BLKn, if we look at the wiring shape for one block BLK, we see that the wiring 6a in the center is almost linear.
The wiring 6b bends toward the end, and the degree of bending increases. Therefore, the influence that the wirings have on each other varies in the longitudinal direction of the substrate, and the stray capacitance C between the wirings also varies accordingly. As a result, when the same amount of light is irradiated onto the photodiodes constituting the l block, the optical signal output is larger at the edges than at the center of the block, as shown in Figure 5 (b). It tends to get bigger. As described above, there is a problem that the sensitivity distribution is not uniform in the longitudinal direction of the image sensor.

従来、マトリクス駆動形のイメージセンサにおいて、フ
ォトダイオードアレイからの配線を基板の長子方向の一
端にまで導く場合、配線の位置によって配線間容賃か異
なってしまうことがあるのて配線の間隔を場所により変
えて容量を均一にする方法か提案されているか(たとえ
ば特開昭60183785号)、配線数が多くなるとこ
の方法では解決しにくい。
Conventionally, in a matrix-driven image sensor, when leading the wiring from the photodiode array to one end in the longitudinal direction of the board, the spacing between the wirings may vary depending on the position of the wiring, so the spacing between the wirings must be adjusted. A method has been proposed to make the capacitance uniform by varying the capacitance (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60183785), but this method is difficult to solve when the number of wiring lines increases.

(発明の目的および構成) 本発明は上記の点にかんがみてなされたもので、イメー
ジセンサの配線形状によらず感度分布を均一にすること
を目的とし、この目的を達成するために、イメージセン
サを構成するフォトタイオードアレイの所定位置にある
フォトダイオードを構成するシリコンを主成分とするア
モルファス半導体を挟む一組の電極の少なくともいずれ
か一方の受光部を規定する領域にMI数の開口部を設け
たものである。
(Objects and Structure of the Invention) The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and aims to make the sensitivity distribution uniform regardless of the wiring shape of the image sensor. Openings of MI number are formed in a region defining a light receiving part of at least one of a pair of electrodes sandwiching an amorphous semiconductor mainly composed of silicon constituting a photodiode at a predetermined position of a photodiode array constituting the photodiode. It was established.

(実施例) 以下本発明を図面に基づいて説明する。(Example) The present invention will be explained below based on the drawings.

第1図は本発明によるイメージセンサの下部電極の形状
を示す。
FIG. 1 shows the shape of a lower electrode of an image sensor according to the present invention.

下部電極2には複数の開口2aか形成されており、開口
2aのサイズと数は一定光量の光を照射したときの光信
号レベルが所望値となるように決定される。すなわち、
イメージセンサの1ブロツク内のフォトダイオードアレ
イについてみると。
A plurality of apertures 2a are formed in the lower electrode 2, and the size and number of the apertures 2a are determined so that the optical signal level when a constant amount of light is irradiated becomes a desired value. That is,
Let's look at the photodiode array within one block of an image sensor.

ブロックの端部に近いフォトダイオードの下部電極に開
口2aを設け、その開口面積の合計(1つの開口2aの
面JJiX開口の数)か端部に近いフォトダイオードは
ど大きくなるようにする。実際には、開口面積を変える
のは厄介であるから開口面積は一定とし開口の数を変え
、一定光量の光を照射したときの光信号レベルを測定し
ながら開口の数を決定するのがよい。
Openings 2a are provided in the lower electrodes of photodiodes near the ends of the block, and the photodiodes near the ends are made larger than the total area of the openings (the number of JJiX openings on the surface of one opening 2a). In reality, changing the aperture area is troublesome, so it is better to keep the aperture area constant, change the number of apertures, and determine the number of apertures while measuring the optical signal level when a constant amount of light is irradiated. .

開口2aの形状は、第2図(イ)に示すようにスリット
てもよいし、同図(ロ)に示すように、メツシュてもよ
い。
The shape of the opening 2a may be a slit as shown in FIG. 2(A), or a mesh as shown in FIG. 2(B).

第1図にしても第2図(ロ)にしても、開口2aの形状
は矩形または正方形てあっても、また円でも楕円でもよ
く、その形状にはこだわらない。
In both FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 (b), the shape of the opening 2a may be rectangular or square, or may be circular or elliptical, and the shape is not critical.

いずれにしても開口2aはレーザトリミング加工やマス
クを用いてエツチングする方法により形成される。
In any case, the opening 2a is formed by laser trimming or etching using a mask.

上記実施例ではフォトダイオードの下部電極に複数の開
口を形成したが、開口は上部の透明導電膜に形成しても
よく、要するにシリコンを主成分とするアモルファス半
導体を挟む一組の電極いずれか一方の受光部を規定する
望域に形成すればよい、開口は一組の電極の両方に設け
てもよい。
In the above embodiment, a plurality of openings were formed in the lower electrode of the photodiode, but the openings may also be formed in the upper transparent conductive film. The opening may be formed in a desired area that defines the light receiving portion of the electrode.

(発明の効果) 以上説明したように、本発明においては、イメージセン
サを構成するフォトダイオードアレイの所定位置にある
フォトダイオードのシリコンを主成分とするアモルファ
ス半導体を挟む一組の電極の少なくともいずれか一方の
受光部を規定する領域に複数の開口部を設けたので、一
定光量に対する光信号出力を減少させることかでき、そ
れによりイメージセンサの長手方向の光出力の不均一を
補正することかでき、感度分布を均一にすることができ
る。
(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, in the present invention, at least one of a set of electrodes sandwiching an amorphous semiconductor mainly composed of silicon of a photodiode located at a predetermined position of a photodiode array constituting an image sensor. Since multiple apertures are provided in the area that defines one of the light receiving sections, it is possible to reduce the optical signal output for a given amount of light, thereby correcting the non-uniformity of the optical output in the longitudinal direction of the image sensor. , the sensitivity distribution can be made uniform.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明によるイメージセンサの下部電極の形状
を示す平面図、第2図(イ)および(ロ)は異なる形状
の開口を有する電極の平面図、第3図(イ)は本発明に
よるイメージセンサの部分平面図、(ロ)はフォトダイ
オードの断面構造図、第4図はフォトダイオードの等価
回路、第5図(イ)はイメージセンサの概略平面図、同
図(ロ)は第5図(イ)に示したイメージセンサの光信
号出力レベルである。
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the shape of the lower electrode of an image sensor according to the present invention, FIGS. 2(A) and (B) are plan views of electrodes having openings of different shapes, and FIG. 3(A) is a plan view showing the shape of the lower electrode of the image sensor according to the present invention. (b) is a cross-sectional structure diagram of the photodiode, FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit of the photodiode, FIG. 5 (a) is a schematic plan view of the image sensor, This is the optical signal output level of the image sensor shown in FIG. 5(a).

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)基板上にシリコンを主成分とする半導体層と、該
半導体層を挟むように一組の電極とを積層して構成した
フォトダイオードを複数個並設してなるイメージセンサ
において、前記一組の電極のいずれか一方の受光部を規
定する領域に複数の開口部を設けたことを特徴とするイ
メージセンサ。
(1) In an image sensor in which a plurality of photodiodes are arranged in parallel on a substrate, each photodiode is constructed by laminating a semiconductor layer mainly composed of silicon and a set of electrodes sandwiching the semiconductor layer. An image sensor characterized in that a plurality of openings are provided in a region defining a light-receiving section of one of a set of electrodes.
(2)フォトダイオードが複数個ずつブロックに分割さ
れて配線され、各ブロックの端部に近いフォトダイオー
ドに前記開口が形成された請求項1に記載のイメージセ
ンサ。
(2) The image sensor according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of photodiodes are divided into blocks and wired, and the opening is formed in a photodiode near an end of each block.
JP63145886A 1988-06-15 1988-06-15 Image sensor Pending JPH022165A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63145886A JPH022165A (en) 1988-06-15 1988-06-15 Image sensor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63145886A JPH022165A (en) 1988-06-15 1988-06-15 Image sensor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH022165A true JPH022165A (en) 1990-01-08

Family

ID=15395325

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP63145886A Pending JPH022165A (en) 1988-06-15 1988-06-15 Image sensor

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH022165A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5576562A (en) * 1994-06-06 1996-11-19 Nec Corporation Solid-state imaging device
US6633058B1 (en) 1999-07-26 2003-10-14 Dalsa, Inc. Variable reticulation time delay and integrate sensor
JP2010225735A (en) * 2009-03-23 2010-10-07 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Photosensor and method of manufacturing the same
JP2011228733A (en) * 2011-06-29 2011-11-10 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Photosensor and method of manufacturing the same

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5576562A (en) * 1994-06-06 1996-11-19 Nec Corporation Solid-state imaging device
US6633058B1 (en) 1999-07-26 2003-10-14 Dalsa, Inc. Variable reticulation time delay and integrate sensor
JP2010225735A (en) * 2009-03-23 2010-10-07 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Photosensor and method of manufacturing the same
JP2011228733A (en) * 2011-06-29 2011-11-10 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Photosensor and method of manufacturing the same

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