JPH0221106A - Liquid fuel-burner - Google Patents
Liquid fuel-burnerInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0221106A JPH0221106A JP17067888A JP17067888A JPH0221106A JP H0221106 A JPH0221106 A JP H0221106A JP 17067888 A JP17067888 A JP 17067888A JP 17067888 A JP17067888 A JP 17067888A JP H0221106 A JPH0221106 A JP H0221106A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- combustor
- liquid fuel
- combustion
- foam
- burner
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001120 nichrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010913 used oil Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は、家庭用石油ストーブから工業窯炉までの幅広
い範囲における液体燃料の燃焼装置に関するものである
。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a liquid fuel combustion device that can be used in a wide range of applications, from household kerosene stoves to industrial kilns.
［従来の技術］
液体燃料の燃焼には、ストーブのように暖房を目的とし
た燃焼や、被加熱物を加熱するための燃焼、あるいは内
燃機関のような動力発生機関としての燃焼等がある。[Prior Art] Combustion of liquid fuel includes combustion for the purpose of heating as in a stove, combustion for heating an object to be heated, and combustion as a power generating engine such as an internal combustion engine.
従来の燃焼は、液体燃料を直接気化させて燃焼させるか
、または噴霧装置によって一度細かい霧状に***させて
燃焼させるかのいずれかの燃焼方法が用いられている。Conventional combustion methods include either directly vaporizing liquid fuel and combusting it, or splitting it into fine mist using a spray device and then combusting it.
前者の直接気化燃焼は、一般家庭用石油ス）−ブで多用
されており、ポット式（実開昭５８−３５７１３号公報
）や芯式（特開昭５８−２０３３０７号、特開昭６０−
６４１３４号各公報）あるいは気化式（ＪＩ８３０３０
）に代表される。The former type of direct vaporization combustion is widely used in general household petroleum gas stoves, including the pot type (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-35713) and the wick type (Japanese Unexamined Utility Model Publication No. 58-203307, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 1988-60).
64134 publications) or vaporization type (JI83030
).
一方、噴霧燃焼は家庭用石油ストーブでも一部使用され
ているが、その多くは工業窯炉やボイラー等で多用され
ている。この燃焼は液体燃料を細かい油滴に霧化させ、
空気との接触面積を増大させ、蒸発と燃焼反応の促進が
はかられる方式である。On the other hand, spray combustion is used in some household kerosene stoves, but is mostly used in industrial furnaces and boilers. This combustion atomizes the liquid fuel into fine oil droplets,
This method increases the contact area with air and promotes evaporation and combustion reactions.
又一般に使用される油バーナは、ロータリーバーナ、ジ
ェットバーナ（蒸気噴霧、空気噴霧、機械噴霧）、特殊
バーナ（ガンタイプ高圧噴霧、低圧噴霧）等によって燃
焼させるものである。また、一種の点火装置として液体
燃料を泡沫化して電気火花により着火させる例もみられ
る（特公昭４９−４２０１８号、特公昭５１−１１５５
７号、特開昭４７３８３８８号公報）。Generally used oil burners include rotary burners, jet burners (steam atomization, air atomization, mechanical atomization), special burners (gun type high pressure atomization, low pressure atomization), and the like. There are also examples of ignition devices in which liquid fuel is turned into foam and ignited by an electric spark (Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-42018, Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-1155).
No. 7, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 4738388).
本出願人はさきに特願昭６２−３０７４０８号明細書に
おいて、液体燃料の燃焼量可変範囲の拡大と、点火およ
び消火時の臭い防止と、噴霧の不拘−炎を改善するため
、液体燃料を泡沫化して継続燃焼させる燃焼器を提案し
た。The present applicant previously proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 62-307408 that a liquid fuel is We proposed a combustor that produces foam and continuously burns it.
また燃焼用の燃料および該燃料を泡沫化する泡沫生成用
気体の供給を停止し、同時に泡沫生成器内の残燃料を抜
き取る泡沫燃焼装置の消火方法を特願昭８３−３３２９
２６号に提案した。In addition, a patent application No. 3329/1983 describes a fire extinguishing method for a foam combustion device in which the supply of fuel for combustion and the foam-generating gas that turns the fuel into foam is stopped, and at the same time, the remaining fuel in the foam generator is removed.
I proposed it to issue 26.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
この泡沫燃焼において、注目すべき特性は、従来と違っ
た状態で、燃料と空気との接触面積を増大させることが
でき、蒸発と燃焼反応の促進がはかられることである。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The noteworthy characteristic of this foam combustion is that it is possible to increase the contact area between the fuel and air in a state different from the conventional one, which greatly accelerates evaporation and combustion reactions. It is to be able to do so.
泡沫燃焼において、単に泡沫生成用空気の供給を停止す
るだけでは、従来の芯式やポット式に比べて、臭気を大
幅に改善する特長を有するものの、まだ完全に臭気を防
止するには至らない。In foam combustion, simply stopping the supply of air for foam generation has the advantage of significantly improving odor compared to conventional wick and pot methods, but it is still not able to completely prevent odor. .
それは、燃焼により高温になっている燃焼器から泡沫生
成器内の液体燃料が輻射熱を受け、温度が上昇し、燃料
の極く一部が蒸発してしまうためである。This is because the liquid fuel in the foam generator receives radiant heat from the combustor, which has become hot due to combustion, the temperature rises, and a small portion of the fuel evaporates.
本発明は液体燃料を泡沫化して燃焼用空気との混合性を
増し、着火および燃焼の安定化を図る燃焼装置を提供す
るものである。The present invention provides a combustion device that foams liquid fuel to improve its miscibility with combustion air, thereby stabilizing ignition and combustion.
液体燃料の一部を発泡させ火花放電により点火させる方
法は前述のとおり公知であるが、着火が安定しない欠点
があった。As mentioned above, the method of foaming a portion of liquid fuel and igniting it by spark discharge is known, but it has the drawback that ignition is not stable.
本発明は上記のような液体燃料の泡沫、燃焼において煤
の発生しない、しかも燃焼の安定化を図る点火装置をも
提供するものである。The present invention also provides an ignition device that does not generate foam or soot during combustion of liquid fuel as described above, and further stabilizes combustion.
また、液体燃料を泡沫化するには、一般に燃料中に浸漬
した多孔質フィルターを介して空気を流通させる方法が
用いられる。従って、消火を目的として泡沫生成用空気
の供給を停止すると、燃料が多孔質フィルターを介して
泡沫生成用空気供給管内へ流入してしまい、再び空気を
供給しようとしても、その初期段階では圧力損失が大き
くなり、また変動を伴い、泡沫の供給が不安定になると
いう問題を生じる。Furthermore, in order to foam liquid fuel, a method is generally used in which air is circulated through a porous filter immersed in the fuel. Therefore, if the supply of foam-generating air is stopped for the purpose of extinguishing a fire, fuel will flow into the foam-generating air supply pipe through the porous filter, and even if an attempt is made to supply air again, there will be a pressure loss in the initial stage. becomes large and fluctuates, resulting in a problem that the supply of foam becomes unstable.
本発明は、かかる泡沫燃焼装置において、消火性に優れ
た泡沫生成用フィルターをも提供するものである。The present invention also provides a foam generating filter with excellent fire extinguishing properties in such a foam combustion device.
［課題を解決するための手段］ 第１図は本発明の構成を示す縦断面図である。[Means to solve the problem] FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the configuration of the present invention.
本発明における液体燃料の燃焼装置は、泡沫上昇管２と
燃焼器１を有し、上昇管２に多孔質フィルターからなる
泡沫生成器１６を内蔵する。上昇管２及び燃焼器１は外
向１Ｇが一体に形成され、外筒ＬＯに二次空気供給孔１
３を有する。Ｕは燃料、１２は空気を示す。The liquid fuel combustion apparatus according to the present invention has a foam riser pipe 2 and a combustor 1, and the riser pipe 2 includes a foam generator 16 made of a porous filter. The riser pipe 2 and the combustor 1 are integrally formed with an outward direction 1G, and a secondary air supply hole 1 is provided in the outer cylinder LO.
It has 3. U indicates fuel and 12 indicates air.
更に上昇管２と燃焼器１との境界はオリフィス３を形成
し、バッフル板２３を介設する。バッフル板は所望サイ
ズの開口を有する。実験によると燃焼器１に接続する上
昇管２内の泡沫２′は、燃焼火炎１４の輻射熱を受ける
と消泡が激しくなり、泡沫の粒径や薄膜の厚さが不均一
となり、脈動燃焼を引起す。Further, the boundary between the riser pipe 2 and the combustor 1 forms an orifice 3, and a baffle plate 23 is interposed therebetween. The baffle plate has an opening of the desired size. According to experiments, when the bubbles 2' in the riser pipe 2 connected to the combustor 1 are exposed to the radiant heat of the combustion flame 14, they defoam rapidly, and the particle size of the bubbles and the thickness of the thin film become non-uniform, leading to pulsating combustion. cause
従って、燃焼器１と上昇管２の間にオリフィス（絞り機
構）３を設けて、燃焼器１で生じる火炎１４の上昇器２
内への輻射熱量を減少し、消泡を抑制する。しかし、燃
焼特性は改善されるものの、着火直後の燃焼を含めて、
連続した安定燃焼を得るためにはバッフル板が有効であ
る。Therefore, an orifice (throttling mechanism) 3 is provided between the combustor 1 and the riser 2 so that the flame 14 generated in the combustor 1 can be
Reduces the amount of radiant heat inside and suppresses defoaming. However, although the combustion characteristics are improved, including combustion immediately after ignition,
Baffle plates are effective in obtaining continuous and stable combustion.
オリフィス３の最大絞り部の中心に絞り部の開口径より
小さいバッフル板２３を設け、オリフィス３とバッフル
板２３で円環状のスリット開口ａを形成し、この開口を
通じて泡沫を上部の燃焼器１に導く。A baffle plate 23 smaller than the aperture diameter of the orifice 3 is provided at the center of the maximum constriction part of the orifice 3, and the orifice 3 and the baffle plate 23 form an annular slit opening a, through which bubbles are directed to the upper combustor 1. lead.
第２図（Ａ）は本発明に用いるワッシャー２２の平面図
、同図（Ｂ）は同じくバッフル板２３の平面図である。FIG. 2(A) is a plan view of the washer 22 used in the present invention, and FIG. 2(B) is a plan view of the baffle plate 23 as well.
又史にオリフィス３は上部方向に階段状に広げた形状と
して、最大絞り部から一定の距離ｇを離した位置に、ワ
ッシャー２２を設置する。ここで、ワッシャーとは、中
心部を切欠いた板をいう。Also, the orifice 3 is shaped like a step that widens upward, and the washer 22 is installed at a position a certain distance g away from the maximum constriction part. Here, the washer refers to a plate with a cutout in the center.
ワッシャー２２は直接上昇管２内への輻射伝熱を完全に
防止できるように、スリット開口ａの直上が開放しない
ようにワッシャー２２を設け、その中心部を切欠くこと
が好ましい。In order to completely prevent radiant heat transfer directly into the riser pipe 2, it is preferable that the washer 22 is provided so that the area directly above the slit opening a is not opened, and that the center thereof is cut out.
勿論、ワッシャー２２とバッフル板２３とは燃料が流通
できるように適宜の間隔をあけて設置しである。Of course, the washer 22 and the baffle plate 23 are installed at an appropriate interval so that fuel can circulate.
なおここで、バッフル２３とワッシャー２２の上下関係
が逆になっていても、その効果はほとんど変わらない。Here, even if the vertical relationship between the baffle 23 and the washer 22 is reversed, the effect will hardly change.
更に、これらのバッフル２３とワッシャー２２の取付数
も２個に限定するものではないが、２個で連続した安定
燃焼が可能である。Furthermore, although the number of baffles 23 and washers 22 installed is not limited to two, continuous stable combustion is possible with two baffles 23 and washers 22.
また、バッフル板２３の取付は位置がオリフィスより若
干下にあっても、その効果は変わらない。Further, even if the baffle plate 23 is installed slightly below the orifice, the effect remains the same.
以上本発明の輻射熱の伝熱防止機構をオリフィスとバッ
フル板あるいはワッシャーとの組合せについて説明した
が、勿論本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、伝熱
防止の目的に応じて設は変更することも本発明の範囲を
逸脱するものではない。The radiant heat transfer prevention mechanism of the present invention has been described above with respect to the combination of an orifice and a baffle plate or washer, but the present invention is of course not limited to this, and the configuration may be changed depending on the purpose of preventing heat transfer. This also does not depart from the scope of the present invention.
また、本発明は泡沫上昇管に燃焼器を設け、燃焼器に保
炎器を載置するものをも含むが、本発明における保炎器
は、所望のサイズの開口を穿設したバッフル板の上面に
筒状の整流管を立設する。Further, the present invention includes a method in which a combustor is provided in the foam riser pipe and a flame stabilizer is placed on the combustor, but the flame stabilizer in the present invention is a baffle plate with an opening of a desired size. A cylindrical rectifier tube is installed on the top surface.
又バッフル板の下面には旋回羽根を軸支している。Further, a swirling blade is pivotally supported on the lower surface of the baffle plate.
従って燃焼器に導入された二次空気は燃焼器内で旋回流
を作り、下流部に着火可能な低速の高温循環域を形成す
る。Therefore, the secondary air introduced into the combustor creates a swirling flow within the combustor, forming a low-velocity, high-temperature circulating region that can ignite in the downstream region.
以下本発明を図面について説明する。The present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.
第３図は本発明における燃焼装置の全体図、第４図は保
炎器の実施例を示す説明図である。FIG. 3 is an overall view of the combustion device according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of the flame stabilizer.
燃焼装置は燃焼器３０と泡沫上昇管５０が一体であって
も、フランジ等で接続されていてもよい。In the combustion device, the combustor 30 and the foam riser pipe 50 may be integrated or may be connected by a flange or the like.
ここで泡沫上昇管５０は多孔質フィルターからなる泡沫
生成器３５が内設され、下端に燃料供給口３４と泡沫生
成用空気口３３が設けられる。Here, the foam riser pipe 50 has a foam generator 35 made of a porous filter installed therein, and a fuel supply port 34 and a foam generation air port 33 are provided at the lower end.
ベース３９は本燃焼装置の基体を形成し、外筒３８と、
シール用パツキン４１を介して接続されている。The base 39 forms the basic body of the present combustion device, and the outer cylinder 38 and
They are connected via a sealing gasket 41.
また、スケルトン４０は、燃焼器３０の上に固定される
。ベース３９は燃焼用二次空気供給口３２を有し、二次
空気は外筒３８を上昇して、燃焼器３０に設ける′燃焼
用空気供給孔３１を介して燃焼器で泡沫燃料の燃焼に供
される。Additionally, the skeleton 40 is fixed onto the combustor 30. The base 39 has a combustion secondary air supply port 32, and the secondary air ascends the outer cylinder 38 and is used for combustion of foamy fuel in the combustor through the combustion air supply hole 31 provided in the combustor 30. Served.
二次空気が直接泡沫に衝突するのを防止するため、通常
二次空気の供給孔３１は、燃焼器側に階段状に広げた形
状のオリフィス４１の上の燃焼器３０に設置され、泡沫
状態の最高位から上部方向に一定の空間を確保する。In order to prevent the secondary air from colliding directly with the foam, the secondary air supply hole 31 is usually installed in the combustor 30 above an orifice 41 that is shaped like a step and widened toward the combustor, so that the secondary air does not directly collide with the foam. Secure a certain amount of space from the highest point upwards.
本発明における保炎器２０は保炎板１１０と保炎板１１
Ｏの上面に立設した筒状の整流管１１１ 、１１２及び
旋回羽根１２０からなる。The flame stabilizer 20 in the present invention includes a flame stabilizer plate 110 and a flame stabilizer plate 11.
It consists of cylindrical rectifying tubes 111 and 112 and a swirling vane 120, which are installed upright on the upper surface of the tube.
保炎板１１０は所望サイズの開口１３０ 、１８０を設
ける。又保炎板１１０の下面にバッフル板と同心状の旋
回羽根１２０を軸支する。１４０は軸をあられす。The flame holding plate 110 is provided with openings 130 and 180 of a desired size. Further, a swirling vane 120 concentric with the baffle plate is pivotally supported on the lower surface of the flame stabilizing plate 110. 140 is the axis.
実験によると二次空気を単に中心軸に向けて供給しても
、気化した燃料と燃焼用空気の混合性が悪く、燃焼は安
定しない。そこで混合性を促進させて、着火性や燃焼の
安定化を図るには保炎器で二次空気をさえぎったり、旋
回うず流を循環流とし、燃焼ガスを整流することが極め
て有効である。Experiments have shown that even if secondary air is simply supplied toward the central axis, the mixture of vaporized fuel and combustion air is poor, and combustion is not stable. Therefore, in order to promote mixing properties and stabilize ignitability and combustion, it is extremely effective to block the secondary air with a flame stabilizer, or to convert the swirling eddy flow into a circulation flow to rectify the combustion gas.
本発明における旋回羽根は燃焼器内にあって、二次空気
と気化した燃料との混合性を増加する。The swirl vanes in the present invention are located within the combustor to increase the mixing of the secondary air and vaporized fuel.
また、開口を有する保炎板は旋回流の上昇を抑制し、燃
焼器下部に燃料と燃焼用空気の混合ガスの低速循環域を
形成させるのに効果を示し着火を容易にする。Further, the flame stabilizing plate having openings is effective in suppressing the rise of the swirling flow and forming a low-velocity circulation region of the mixed gas of fuel and combustion air in the lower part of the combustor, thereby facilitating ignition.
更に整流管は、保炎板上に取付けられ、バッフルの開口
を通過してくる燃焼ガスを整流し、火炎の安定化、更に
上部のスケルトンを均一加熱するのに有効である。整流
管にはパンチングした小さな開口を取付けても良い。Furthermore, the rectifier tube is mounted on the flame stabilizing plate, and is effective in rectifying the combustion gas passing through the opening of the baffle, stabilizing the flame, and uniformly heating the upper skeleton. A small punched opening may be attached to the rectifier tube.
また本発明は、燃焼器の下部に点火機構を配設している
。Further, in the present invention, an ignition mechanism is disposed at the bottom of the combustor.
本発明においては、燃焼器の内にあって、その下部に点
火機構を配設するので、完全燃焼に必要な空気を二次空
気供給孔から供給することができ、着火時における煤の
発生を抑制できる。In the present invention, since the ignition mechanism is located inside the combustor and located below it, the air necessary for complete combustion can be supplied from the secondary air supply hole, thereby reducing the generation of soot during ignition. It can be suppressed.
以下第１図により本発明を詳述する。The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to FIG.
すなわち、燃焼器１の下部に電気ヒーター１８を穿設す
るものである。That is, an electric heater 18 is installed in the lower part of the combustor 1.
本発明では泡沫生成器と燃焼器を泡沫上昇管でつなぎ、
燃焼器に供給する泡沫（液体燃料）の膜厚を薄くして蒸
発しやすい状態にするため、泡沫生成から燃焼器に供給
するまでの上昇管内での泡沫滞留時間を略一定にできる
。その好ましい滞留時間は２〜ｌＯ秒の間である。In the present invention, the foam generator and the combustor are connected by a foam riser pipe,
Since the film thickness of the foam (liquid fuel) supplied to the combustor is made thin so that it is easily evaporated, the residence time of the foam in the riser pipe from the time the foam is generated until it is supplied to the combustor can be kept approximately constant. The preferred residence time is between 2 and 10 seconds.
ここで滞留時間が短かいと泡沫の膜厚が厚くなり蒸発し
にくくなる。また、１０秒以上に長くすると、消泡が著
るしくなり、液体燃料の安定供給ができなくなる。Here, if the residence time is short, the foam will have a thick film and will be difficult to evaporate. Moreover, if the time is made longer than 10 seconds, defoaming becomes significant and stable supply of liquid fuel becomes impossible.
本発明においては点火機構、例えば電気ヒーターを燃焼
器の下部に穿設するが、これは燃焼器において完全燃焼
に必要な燃焼用空気を、着火の時から供給できるので、
着火時においても煤等の発生を抑制できる。In the present invention, an ignition mechanism, such as an electric heater, is installed in the lower part of the combustor, but this allows the combustion air necessary for complete combustion to be supplied to the combustor from the time of ignition.
Even when igniting, the generation of soot etc. can be suppressed.
電気ヒーターが燃焼器の上部に設けられると、着火前に
二次空気の供給孔に液料が流入したり、二次空気で泡沫
を消泡させる問題が生じる。又オリフィスに余りに近ず
くと泡沫上昇管内に燃焼炎が下がる恐れを生ずる。If the electric heater is installed in the upper part of the combustor, there will be problems such as liquid flowing into the secondary air supply hole before ignition or defoaming of foam with the secondary air. Also, if it is too close to the orifice, there is a risk that the combustion flame will descend into the foam riser tube.
実験によると点火機構としては、着火の安定性と着火し
た後の点火機構自体での燃焼継続性が求められる。従っ
て火花放電では着火が安定しない。Experiments have shown that the ignition mechanism requires stability of ignition and continuity of combustion within the ignition mechanism itself after ignition. Therefore, spark discharge does not stabilize ignition.
点火源をニクロム線等の電気ヒーターとすることで、泡
沫を容易に蒸発させて着火することができる。また、着
火後も燃焼が安定するまでの数秒間ヒーターをつけてお
くことで、より燃焼の安定化が図れる。By using an electric heater such as a nichrome wire as the ignition source, the foam can be easily evaporated and ignited. Additionally, combustion can be made more stable by leaving the heater on for a few seconds after ignition until combustion stabilizes.
点火に際しては、まず、燃焼空気を吐出ダクトに設けた
ダンパーにより、着火時に煤等が発生しない程度（約５
ｒｒ？ Ｎ ／ １１ｒ）の必要空気を燃焼室に送る
。ついで燃焼器内の電気ヒーターの電源を入れ、ヒータ
ーを赤熱化する。When igniting, first, a damper installed in the discharge duct blows the combustion air to the extent that no soot is generated during ignition (approximately 5
rr? The required air of N/11r) is sent to the combustion chamber. Next, turn on the electric heater in the combustor and make the heater red hot.
発泡用空気として約２．０１ ／ｓ１ｎを泡沫生成器に
供給する。次に灯油を泡沫生成器内の多孔質フィルター
の上面から約３０＋ｏ＋ｓの高さになるまで供給する。Approximately 2.01/s1n of foaming air is supplied to the foam generator. Kerosene is then fed into the foam generator to a height of approximately 30+o+s from the top of the porous filter.
そこで、灯油は泡沫化されて、泡沫上昇管を上昇し、燃
焼器に供給されて点火する。There, the kerosene is foamed and rises up the foam riser pipe and is fed to the combustor where it is ignited.
次に、本発明における泡沫生成器の更に有利な構成につ
いて述べる。通常用いられる泡沫生成器１６（または３
５）は金属あるいはセラミック等の多孔質焼結物質によ
り得られる多孔質フィルターを主要構成体としている。Next, a more advantageous configuration of the foam generator in the present invention will be described. A commonly used foam generator 16 (or 3
5) has a porous filter obtained from a porous sintered material such as metal or ceramic as the main constituent.
これは、前述の物質により天蓋を有する筒状体に形成さ
れていて、その底部から起泡用の空気が送入される構造
である。泡沫生成中すなわち液体燃料の中にあって底部
より空気圧をかけられている間は、それら多孔質フィル
ター内に燃料が侵入することはないが、消火のために燃
料の送給停止とともに泡沫生成用空気の送風を停止する
とき、泡沫生成器内に燃料が残ったままで、起泡用空気
圧が早く低下した場合には、燃料の逆流現象が起きて、
次の起泡、着火に支障をきたすものである。This is a structure in which the above-mentioned material is formed into a cylindrical body with a canopy, and air for foaming is introduced from the bottom of the cylindrical body. During foam generation, that is, while the fuel is inside the liquid fuel and air pressure is applied from the bottom, the fuel will not enter the porous filters, but when the fuel supply is stopped to extinguish the fire, foam generation will occur. When air blowing is stopped, if fuel remains in the foam generator and the air pressure for foaming drops quickly, a backflow phenomenon of fuel will occur.
This will hinder the subsequent foaming and ignition.
このような場合には使用する多孔質フィルターをポリテ
トラフルオロエチレン（ＰＴＦＥ、テフロン）で代表さ
れる臨界表面張力の低い物質からなるもので成形するか
、あるいは臨界表面張力の高い焼結金属もしくは多孔質
セラミックスを用いる場合には、それらの臨界表面張力
の低い物質をコーティングして使用するとよい。In such cases, the porous filter used should be made of a material with low critical surface tension, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, Teflon), or a sintered metal or porous filter with high critical surface tension. When using high-quality ceramics, it is preferable to coat them with a substance that has a low critical surface tension.
本発明における多孔質フィルターは臨界表面張力が、灯
油等の液体燃料の表面張力より低く、気体を通すが、液
体燃料は通さない性質を有し、灯油の浸透を防止する。The porous filter of the present invention has a critical surface tension lower than that of liquid fuel such as kerosene, and has the property of allowing gas to pass through but not liquid fuel, thereby preventing kerosene from penetrating.
その他臨界表面張力の低い物質としてフッ素樹脂が使用
可能である。In addition, fluororesin can be used as a material with low critical surface tension.
第５図は、その実施例を示す要部断面図である。FIG. 5 is a sectional view of essential parts showing this embodiment.
本発明にかかる多孔質フィルター１３３は天蓋を有する
筒状に形成され、泡沫生成器１８．３５に内設され、底
部に泡沫生成用空気口３３を有する。The porous filter 133 according to the present invention is formed into a cylindrical shape with a canopy, is installed inside the foam generator 18.35, and has an air port 33 at the bottom for foam generation.
又多孔質フィルターＨ３は、外表面にテフロン等の臨界
表面張力が低い物質をコーティングして皮膜層２Ｂを形
成するかもしくは、テフロン等からなる多孔質の物質で
フィルターを筒状に成形して用いる。フィルター物質と
して焼結金属か多孔質セラミックスを用い、これにテフ
ロン（ａｔ３０℃）等をコーティングしたものでもよい
。In addition, the porous filter H3 is used by coating the outer surface with a substance with low critical surface tension such as Teflon to form the film layer 2B, or by molding the filter into a cylindrical shape using a porous substance such as Teflon. . Sintered metal or porous ceramics may be used as the filter material, and this may be coated with Teflon (at 30° C.) or the like.
即ち、灯油の表面張力２５ｄｙｎ／（２）に対して、テ
フロンの臨界表面張力は２２ｄｙｎ／ｃｍと低いため、
灯油の浸透を防止する。In other words, the critical surface tension of Teflon is as low as 22 dyn/cm compared to the surface tension of kerosene of 25 dyn/(2).
Prevents penetration of kerosene.
実験によると液体燃料中に泡沫生成用の多孔質フィルタ
ーを浸漬させ、そのフィルターを介して泡沫生成用空気
を供給して、泡沫生成を行うとき、泡沫生成用空気の供
給を停止させると、液体燃料は、フィルターを介して逆
流し、泡沫生成用空気の配管内に流入してしまう。According to experiments, when a porous filter for foam generation is immersed in liquid fuel and air for foam generation is supplied through the filter to generate foam, when the supply of air for foam generation is stopped, the liquid The fuel flows back through the filter and into the foam-generating air line.
そこで消火を行う際には泡沫生成用空気を停止させると
同時に、瞬時に液体燃料を抜き取ることにより、配管内
への逆流を防止する消火方法が必要である。Therefore, when extinguishing a fire, there is a need for a fire extinguishing method that stops the foam-generating air and at the same time instantly removes the liquid fuel to prevent backflow into the piping.
一方本発明によると液体燃料が多孔質フィルターの孔内
に浸透しないため、泡沫生成用空気の供給を停止しても
液体燃料は逆流しない。On the other hand, according to the present invention, since the liquid fuel does not penetrate into the pores of the porous filter, the liquid fuel does not flow back even if the supply of air for foam generation is stopped.
［発明の効果］
本発明は液体燃料を泡沫化して燃焼させる装置において
、燃焼器と該燃焼器に燃料を送る上昇管との間で、輻射
熱の伝熱防止機構を設けたので、上昇管の泡沫は燃焼火
炎の輻射熱をうけて消泡することもなく泡沫の粒径や膜
厚が均一となり、脈動燃焼が防止される。[Effects of the Invention] The present invention provides a device for combusting liquid fuel by foaming it, and is provided with a mechanism for preventing radiant heat transfer between a combustor and a riser pipe that sends fuel to the combustor. The foam does not defoam due to the radiant heat of the combustion flame, the particle size and film thickness of the foam become uniform, and pulsating combustion is prevented.
また本発明は、液体燃料を泡沫化して燃焼させる装置に
おいて、燃焼器に保炎器をＭ置しているので、気化した
液体燃料と燃焼用空気の混合性を増し、着火および燃焼
の安定化を図るので工業的効果が大である。In addition, in the present invention, in an apparatus for combusting liquid fuel by foaming it, a flame stabilizer is placed in the combustor, thereby increasing the mixing property of the vaporized liquid fuel and combustion air, and stabilizing ignition and combustion. This has great industrial effects.
本発明の点火装置が燃焼室の下部に穿設されるので、点
火も容易であり、確実に行うことかでき、着火時に煤の
発生がない。Since the ignition device of the present invention is installed in the lower part of the combustion chamber, ignition is easy and reliable, and no soot is generated during ignition.
また、泡沫生成器における多孔質フィルターを、使用す
る液体燃料の表面張力よりも臨界表面張力の低い表面性
状を有する物質とすることにより、液体燃料がフィルタ
ー内に侵入し逆流することがない。したがって、液体燃
料を泡沫生成器より抜き取る必要がなく、単に泡沫生成
用空気の供給を停止するか、あるいは泡沫化して燃焼を
継続するために必要な最少空気量以下に低下させること
により消火が行える。Further, by making the porous filter in the foam generator a material having a surface property with a critical surface tension lower than the surface tension of the liquid fuel used, the liquid fuel will not enter the filter and flow back. Therefore, there is no need to extract the liquid fuel from the foam generator, and the fire can be extinguished by simply stopping the supply of air for foam generation, or by reducing the amount of air to the minimum required for foaming and continuing combustion. .
第１図は本発明の全体説明図、第２図（Ａ）は本発明の
実施例におけるバッフル板の平面図、第２図（Ｂ）は同
じくワッシャーの平面図、第３図は本発明の他の実施例
における全体説明図、第４図は本発明の保炎器を示し、
（Ａ）は側面図、（Ｂ）は平面図、（Ｃ）は旋回羽根の
平面図、第５図は本発明の泡沫生成器に用いる多孔質フ
ィルターの構成を示す説明図である。
１：燃焼器
３；オリフィス
１８：＠気ヒーター
２２：ワッシャー
２Ｂ＝皮膜相
８３：泡沫生成用空気口
Ｉｌｌ、１１２ ：整流管
１２０：旋回羽根
１３３：多孔質フィルター
２：泡沫上昇管
１Ｇ＝泡沫生成器
２０：保炎器
２３：バッフル板
３０：燃焼器
５０：泡沫上昇管
１１０ ：保炎板
１３０：＃口
代 理 人 弁理士 茶野木 立 夫第１図
第２図
（Ａ）
ムシ
第３図FIG. 1 is an overall explanatory diagram of the present invention, FIG. 2 (A) is a plan view of a baffle plate in an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 (B) is a plan view of a washer, and FIG. An overall explanatory diagram of another embodiment, FIG. 4 shows a flame stabilizer of the present invention,
(A) is a side view, (B) is a plan view, (C) is a plan view of a swirling blade, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of a porous filter used in the foam generator of the present invention. 1: Combustor 3; Orifice 18: @ Air heater 22: Washer 2B = Film phase 83: Foam generation air port Ill, 112: Rectifier pipe 120: Swirl vane 133: Porous filter 2: Foam riser pipe 1G = Foam generation Container 20: Flame stabilizer 23: Baffle plate 30: Combustor 50: Foam riser pipe 110: Flame stabilizer plate 130: #Kuchiyo Attorney Patent attorney Tatsuo Chanoki Figure 1 Figure 2 (A) Mushi Figure 3
Claims (1)
焼器と該燃焼器に燃料を送る上昇管との境界域に、泡沫
燃料の燃焼による輻射熱の伝熱防止機構を設けたことを
特徴とする液体燃料の燃焼装置。 ２、伝熱防止機構が燃焼器と上昇管との境界域に形成し
たオリフィス近傍に開口を穿設したバッフル板を内設し
た請求項１記載の液体燃料の燃焼装置。 ３、泡沫上昇管に燃焼器を設け、開口を穿設したバッフ
ル板の上面に整流管を立設し下面に旋回羽根を軸支した
保炎器を、前記燃焼器に載置したことを特徴とする液体
燃料の燃焼装置。 ４、泡沫上昇管の上部に燃焼器を配設し、該燃焼器の下
部に点火機構を設けたことを特徴とする液体燃料の燃焼
装置。 ５、点火機構が電気ヒーターである請求項４記載の液体
燃料の燃焼装置。 ６、泡沫生成器と燃焼器とを有し、泡沫生成器に泡沫上
昇管を立設し、その上部に燃焼器を配設した燃焼装置に
おいて、液体燃料の表面張力よりも臨界表面張力の低い
表面性状を有する物質により多孔質フィルターを形成し
て泡沫生成器に内設し、空気供給系を底部に設けて構成
したことを特徴とする液体燃料の燃焼装置。 ７、臨界表面張力の低表面性状を有する物質がポリテト
ラフルオロエチレンにより、表面被覆した多孔質フィル
ターである請求項６記載の液体燃料の燃焼装置。[Claims] 1. In a device that foams and burns liquid fuel, a mechanism for preventing the transfer of radiant heat due to combustion of foamy fuel is provided in the boundary area between a combustor and a riser pipe that supplies fuel to the combustor. A liquid fuel combustion device characterized by: 2. The liquid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heat transfer prevention mechanism includes a baffle plate having an opening in the vicinity of an orifice formed in a boundary area between the combustor and the riser pipe. 3. A combustor is provided in the foam riser pipe, a rectifying tube is erected on the upper surface of a baffle plate with an opening, and a flame stabilizer with a swirling blade pivotally supported on the lower surface is placed on the combustor. liquid fuel combustion equipment. 4. A liquid fuel combustion device, characterized in that a combustor is disposed in the upper part of the foam riser pipe, and an ignition mechanism is provided in the lower part of the combustor. 5. The liquid fuel combustion device according to claim 4, wherein the ignition mechanism is an electric heater. 6. In a combustion device that has a foam generator and a combustor, a foam rising pipe is installed upright in the foam generator, and a combustor is arranged above the combustion device, the critical surface tension is lower than the surface tension of the liquid fuel. 1. A liquid fuel combustion device characterized in that a porous filter is formed from a material having surface properties and is installed inside a foam generator, and an air supply system is provided at the bottom. 7. The liquid fuel combustion device according to claim 6, wherein the material having a surface property with low critical surface tension is a porous filter whose surface is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17067888A JPH0221106A (en) | 1988-07-08 | 1988-07-08 | Liquid fuel-burner |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17067888A JPH0221106A (en) | 1988-07-08 | 1988-07-08 | Liquid fuel-burner |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0221106A true JPH0221106A (en) | 1990-01-24 |
| JPH0477202B2 JPH0477202B2 (en) | 1992-12-07 |
Family
ID=15909363
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17067888A Granted JPH0221106A (en) | 1988-07-08 | 1988-07-08 | Liquid fuel-burner |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0221106A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1991014900A1 (en) * | 1990-03-20 | 1991-10-03 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Method of and device for burning liquid fuel after turning thereof into bubbles |
| JPH03271628A (en) * | 1990-03-20 | 1991-12-03 | Nippon Steel Corp | Petroleum stove |
| JP2022508582A (en) * | 2018-10-04 | 2022-01-19 | カイザー，トーマス | Fire column |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5019276A (en) * | 1973-06-22 | 1975-02-28 | ||
| JPS5711125U (en) * | 1980-06-24 | 1982-01-20 | ||
| JPH01150706A (en) * | 1987-12-07 | 1989-06-13 | Nippon Steel Corp | Burner for liquid fuel |
-
1988
- 1988-07-08 JP JP17067888A patent/JPH0221106A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5019276A (en) * | 1973-06-22 | 1975-02-28 | ||
| JPS5711125U (en) * | 1980-06-24 | 1982-01-20 | ||
| JPH01150706A (en) * | 1987-12-07 | 1989-06-13 | Nippon Steel Corp | Burner for liquid fuel |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1991014900A1 (en) * | 1990-03-20 | 1991-10-03 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Method of and device for burning liquid fuel after turning thereof into bubbles |
| JPH03271628A (en) * | 1990-03-20 | 1991-12-03 | Nippon Steel Corp | Petroleum stove |
| US5192203A (en) * | 1990-03-20 | 1993-03-09 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Method and apparatus for burning foamed liquid fuel |
| JP2022508582A (en) * | 2018-10-04 | 2022-01-19 | カイザー，トーマス | Fire column |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0477202B2 (en) | 1992-12-07 |
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