JPH02177830A - Artificial medium and production thereof - Google Patents
Artificial medium and production thereofInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02177830A JPH02177830A JP63334692A JP33469288A JPH02177830A JP H02177830 A JPH02177830 A JP H02177830A JP 63334692 A JP63334692 A JP 63334692A JP 33469288 A JP33469288 A JP 33469288A JP H02177830 A JPH02177830 A JP H02177830A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- fiber
- weight
- polyester
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 abstract description 10
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920002972 Acrylic fiber Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 abstract 2
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003501 hydroponics Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002085 irritant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 231100000021 irritant Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000001170 unmyelinated nerve fiber Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000155437 Raphanus sativus var. niger Species 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- PXGZQGDTEZPERC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCC(C(O)=O)CC1 PXGZQGDTEZPERC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940090248 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001634 Copolyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XBZSBBLNHFMTEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCC(C(O)=O)C1 XBZSBBLNHFMTEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)O ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- URLKBWYHVLBVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-dimethylbenzene Natural products CC1=CC=C(C)C=C1 URLKBWYHVLBVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000035824 paresthesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y02P60/216—
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は、人工の水耕栽培用培地に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to an artificial hydroponic culture medium.
（従来の技術）
従来、植物栽培用培地としては土壌を用しすることが一
般的であった。ところが天然の土壌を植物栽培に適した
ものとするためには、多年の経験とまた多くの労働力を
用した。また化学肥料や連作による障害のため成長不良
や病気の発生などの問題が起こっている。そこで、種々
の栽培方法とそれに適した人工の培地が提案されている
が、その中でもロックウールを用いた水耕栽培が広く行
なわれるようになって来た。しかしロックウールには、
■水溶性の成分があり、しかもそれが強アルカリ性を示
すために成分濃度とｐＨ調整が必要なこと、■触るとチ
クチクするとか、粉末を吸し）込むと健康上よくないな
どアスへスト同様の問題があること、■無機質であり廃
用後の処分が困難なことなどの問題点があり、水耕栽培
の一層の普及を妨げているのが現状である。(Prior Art) Conventionally, it has been common to use soil as a medium for growing plants. However, many years of experience and a large amount of labor were required to make the natural soil suitable for growing plants. In addition, problems such as poor growth and disease outbreaks are occurring due to damage caused by chemical fertilizers and continuous cropping. Therefore, various cultivation methods and suitable artificial culture media have been proposed, and among these, hydroponic cultivation using rock wool has become widely practiced. However, rock wool has
■There are water-soluble ingredients, and they are strongly alkaline, so the concentration and pH of the ingredients need to be adjusted.■It stings when you touch it, and it is not good for your health if you inhale the powder.Similar to Ashest. Currently, there are problems such as: ■ being inorganic and difficult to dispose of after use; these problems are currently hindering the further spread of hydroponic cultivation.
一方、上述のロックウールの欠点を改良した主として合
成繊維を用いる培地が提案されている。On the other hand, a culture medium mainly using synthetic fibers has been proposed, which improves the above-mentioned drawbacks of rock wool.
特公昭５０〜３２２１７号公報、特開昭６１〜１７０３
２７号公報、特開昭６２−１１５２１７号公報、特開昭
６２−１．７９３２５号公報、特開昭６３−４９０３０
号公報などがそれである。しかし特公昭５０−３２２１
７号公報は、複雑な異形断面繊維をからみ合わせただけ
であるので形状保持性に問題がある。特開昭６１．−１
７０３２７号公報は、５０〜１０００デニールの疎水性
の立体カールを有する合成繊維を交絡させ、疎水性のパ
イグーで固着したものであるので、空隙が大きく保水性
に問題がある。特開昭６２
１１５２１７号公報は、０．５〜１００デニールの合成
繊維短繊維を、熱接着性短繊維で接着保形されたもので
あるが、保水性と透水性のバランスに問題がある。特開
昭６：２−１７９３２５号公報は、平均繊維直径が１．
０〜７．０μｍである合成繊維を保形されたものである
ので、デニールが小さいため空隙が小さく透水性に問題
がある。特開昭６３４９０３０号公報は、単糸が０．５
〜５０デニルの主として合成繊維からなる積Ｎ繊維集合
体で一部の繊維が霜柱状に挿入されているものであるが
、形状保持性に問題がある。Japanese Patent Publication No. 50-32217, Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-1703
27, JP 62-115217, JP 62-1.79325, JP 63-49030
This includes the Publication No. However, the special public service 50-3221
Publication No. 7 has a problem in shape retention because it merely entangles fibers with complex irregular cross sections. Unexamined Japanese Patent Publication 1986. -1
Publication No. 70327 is a product in which synthetic fibers having hydrophobic three-dimensional curls of 50 to 1000 deniers are intertwined and fixed with hydrophobic Pai Goo, so there is a problem in water retention due to large voids. In JP-A-62-115217, short synthetic fibers of 0.5 to 100 deniers are bonded and shape-retained with heat-adhesive short fibers, but there is a problem in the balance between water retention and water permeability. JP-A-6:2-179325 discloses that the average fiber diameter is 1.
Since it is made of shape-retained synthetic fibers with a diameter of 0 to 7.0 μm, the denier is small, so the voids are small and there is a problem with water permeability. JP-A No. 6349030 discloses that the single yarn is 0.5
Although it is a fiber aggregate of ~50 denier and mainly composed of synthetic fibers with some fibers inserted in a frost column shape, it has a problem in shape retention.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
本発明の目的は、ロックウールのもつ３つの問題点、す
なわち■成分濃度とｐＨ調整が必要なこと、■取扱い上
安全、健康の面で良くないこと、■廃用後の処分が困難
なことを解決し、かつ主として合成繊維からなる培地の
もつ２つの問題点すなわち■保水性と透水性のバランス
が悪いこと、■形状保持性が悪いことを解決した合成繊
維よりなる人工培地を提供することにある。本発明の外
の目的は、上記人工培地を工業上有利に製造する方法を
提供することにある。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The purpose of the present invention is to address the three problems of rock wool: (1) the need for component concentration and pH adjustment; (2) it is not safe to handle and is not good for health; ■ Solved the difficulty of disposal after disuse, and also solved the two problems of culture media mainly made of synthetic fibers: ■ poor balance between water retention and water permeability, and ■ poor shape retention. An object of the present invention is to provide an artificial culture medium made of synthetic fibers. Another object of the present invention is to provide an industrially advantageous method for manufacturing the above-mentioned artificial medium.
（問題点を解決するための手段及び作用）すなわち本発
明は、低融点を有するポリエステル系繊維１０〜４０重
量％と、多孔性合成繊維及び／又はポリエステル系複合
繊維９０〜６０重量％とからなる硬綿からなり、がっ該
硬綿の密度０．０１〜０．１５ ｇ／ｃｍ３．最大保水
率が５〜４０重量倍／傾斜保水率が３〜３０重量倍であ
る水耕栽培用人工培地である。また本発明の方法は、低
融点を有するポリエステル系繊維１０〜４ｏ重景％と、
多孔性合成繊維及び／又はポリエステル系複合繊維９０
〜６０重量％とを開繊、混綿し、０．０１〜０．１５ｇ
／ｃｍ’ の密度になるように積層した後、熱処理を行
い接着せしめることを特徴とする水耕栽培用人工借地の
製造方法である。(Means and effects for solving the problems) That is, the present invention consists of 10 to 40% by weight of polyester fibers having a low melting point and 90 to 60% by weight of porous synthetic fibers and/or polyester composite fibers. It is made of hard cotton, and the density of the hard cotton is 0.01 to 0.15 g/cm3. This is an artificial culture medium for hydroponic cultivation having a maximum water retention rate of 5 to 40 times by weight/a gradient water retention rate of 3 to 30 times by weight. In addition, the method of the present invention includes polyester fibers having a low melting point of 10 to 40%,
Porous synthetic fiber and/or polyester composite fiber 90
Spread and mix with ~60% by weight, 0.01~0.15g
This is a method for producing artificial land for hydroponic cultivation, which is characterized in that the layers are laminated to a density of /cm' and then heat treated to bond them together.
本発明における低融点を有するポリエステル系繊維は、
アジピン酸、セパチン酸などの脂肪酸ジカルボン酸類、
フタル酸、イソフタル酸、ナフタリンジカルボン酸など
の芳香族ジカルボン酸類および／またはへキサヒドロテ
レフタル酸、ヘキサヒドロイソフタル酸などの脂環族ジ
カルボン酸類と、ジエチレングリコール、ポリエチレン
グリコール、プロピレングリコール、パラキシレングリ
コールなどの脂肪酸や脂環族ジオール類とを所定数含有
し、所望に応じてバラヒドロキシ安息香酸などのオキシ
酸類を添加した共重合エステルであり、たとえばテレフ
タル酸とエチレングリコールとにおいてイソフタル酸お
よび１．６−ヘキサンジオールを添加共重合させたポリ
エステルである。またヒ
それら寺ポリエステルとの複合繊維であっても良い。繊
度ば１〜３０デニール、繊維長は ３０〜１５０ ｍｍ
であれば良い。The polyester fiber having a low melting point in the present invention is
Fatty acid dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid and cepatic acid,
Aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and naphthalene dicarboxylic acid and/or alicyclic dicarboxylic acids such as hexahydroterephthalic acid and hexahydroisophthalic acid, and diethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, paraxylene glycol, etc. It is a copolymerized ester containing a predetermined number of fatty acids and alicyclic diols, and optionally oxyacids such as parahydroxybenzoic acid. For example, in terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, isophthalic acid and 1,6- This is a polyester that is copolymerized with hexanediol. It may also be a composite fiber with polyester. Fineness: 1-30 denier, fiber length: 30-150 mm
That's fine.
ポリエステル系複合繊維としては、通常のポリエチレン
テレフタレート、ポリへキサメチレンテレフタレート、
ポリテトラメチレンチレフタレ−挙げられる。ポリエス
テル系複合繊維の断面形状は円形、異形または中空のい
ずれでも良い。繊度は１〜１００デニール、繊維長は３
０〜１５０ ｍｍであれば良い。Polyester composite fibers include ordinary polyethylene terephthalate, polyhexamethylene terephthalate,
Examples include polytetramethylene ethylene terephthalate. The cross-sectional shape of the polyester composite fiber may be circular, irregularly shaped, or hollow. Fineness is 1 to 100 denier, fiber length is 3
It is sufficient if it is 0 to 150 mm.
多孔性合成繊維は吸水性を示すものであれば特に限定さ
れないが、好ましくは吸水率２０〜１００重量％、より
好ましくは３０〜５０重量％を示すものが良く１例えば
多孔性アクリル系繊維などが挙げられる。繊度は１〜３
０デニール、繊維長は３０〜１５０ｍｍであれば良い。Porous synthetic fibers are not particularly limited as long as they exhibit water absorption, but preferably have a water absorption rate of 20 to 100% by weight, more preferably 30 to 50% by weight.1 For example, porous acrylic fibers etc. Can be mentioned. Fineness is 1-3
It is sufficient that the fiber length is 0 denier and the fiber length is 30 to 150 mm.
本発明の硬綿における低融点を有するポリニスチル系繊
維（以下Ａ繊維と略称する。）と、多孔性合成繊維（以
下Ｂ繊維と略称する。）及び／又はポリエステル系複合
繊維（以下Ｃ繊維と略称する。）との混合割合はＡ／
（Ｂ及び／又はＣ）−１０〜４０重量％／９０〜６０重
量％、好ましくは１５〜３０重量％／８５〜７０重量％
である。The hard cotton of the present invention includes polynistyl fibers (hereinafter abbreviated as A fibers) having a low melting point, porous synthetic fibers (hereinafter abbreviated as B fibers) and/or polyester composite fibers (hereinafter abbreviated as C fibers). ) and the mixing ratio is A/
(B and/or C) - 10-40% by weight/90-60% by weight, preferably 15-30% by weight/85-70% by weight
It is.
Ａｗｉ維の割合が１０重量％未満では形状保持性が悪く
、４０重量％を超えると硬くなって透水性／根の成長が
悪くなる。Ｂ繊維の割合は、Ｂ及び／又はＣが６０〜９
０重量％であれば特に限定されないが、保水性１透水性
、形状保持性から３０〜６０重量％が好ましい。When the proportion of Awi fibers is less than 10% by weight, shape retention is poor, and when it exceeds 40% by weight, it becomes hard, resulting in poor water permeability and root growth. The proportion of B fibers is 60 to 9 B and/or C.
There is no particular limitation as long as it is 0% by weight, but from the viewpoint of water retention, water permeability, and shape retention, it is preferably 30 to 60% by weight.
硬綿の密度は０．０１〜０．１５ ｇ ／ ｃ ｍ １
、好ましくは０．０２５〜０．０５ ｇ ／ ｃ ｍ
３である。The density of hard cotton is 0.01-0.15 g/cm1
, preferably 0.025-0.05 g/cm
It is 3.
０、０１ ｇ ／ ｃ ｍ ”未満でば形状保持性が悪
く方０．１５ ｇ ／ ｃ ｍ ３を超えると硬くなっ
て透水性、根の成長が悪くなる。If it is less than 0.01 g/cm3, the shape retention will be poor, and if it exceeds 0.15 g/cm3, it will become hard, resulting in poor water permeability and root growth.
次に本発明方法について説明する。Ａ繊維、Ｂ繊維及び
／又はＣ繊維を所定の混合割合で開繊機。Next, the method of the present invention will be explained. A fiber opening machine that mixes A fibers, B fibers, and/or C fibers at a predetermined mixing ratio.
調合機などに供給して、開繊１混綿する。梳綿機の使用
は繊維が一方向に並び、それを積層するため密に詰り、
そのため含液率、含気率が低下するばかりか、根の進入
が妨げられ易く、好ましくない。それ故本発明方法は開
繊、混綿後所定の密度に積層し５そのまま熱処理を行な
い接着せしめることが必須である。熱処理は乾熱、湿熱
いずれでも良いカベ乾熱の場合１４０〜１８０°ＣＸ
０．１〜３０分間処理することが好ましり、温熱の場合
は１１０〜１３０°ＣＸ ０．５〜１０分間処理するこ
とが好ましい。また処理は連続処理、バッチ処理いずれ
でも良い。It is fed to a blending machine, etc., and is spread and blended. Using a carding machine, the fibers line up in one direction and are layered, so they become densely packed.
Therefore, not only the liquid content and air content decrease, but also root penetration is likely to be hindered, which is not preferable. Therefore, in the method of the present invention, it is essential to laminate the fibers to a predetermined density after opening and blending, and then heat-treat the fibers to bond them together. Heat treatment can be either dry heat or moist heat.In case of wall dry heat, 140-180°CX
It is preferable to treat for 0.1 to 30 minutes, and in the case of heating, it is preferable to treat for 0.5 to 10 minutes at 110 to 130°C. Further, the processing may be either continuous processing or batch processing.
こうして得られた硬綿の保水性（最大保水率で示す）は
、該硬綿の５〜４０重量倍好ましくは１０〜３０重量倍
であることが好ましい。また透水性は（傾斜保水率で示
す）は３〜３０重量倍好ましくは５〜２５重量倍である
ことが好ましい。The water retention property (indicated by the maximum water retention rate) of the hard cotton thus obtained is preferably 5 to 40 times by weight, preferably 10 to 30 times by weight, that of the hard cotton. The water permeability (indicated by gradient water retention rate) is preferably 3 to 30 times by weight, preferably 5 to 25 times by weight.
ここでいう最大保水率は荒目のカゴ上に置いた長さ１０
０ｍｍＸ中１００ｍｍＸ厚さり。ｍｍの硬綿（重量％。The maximum water retention rate here is the length 10 when placed on a coarse basket.
0mm x 100mm x thickness. mm of hard cotton (wt%.
ｇ）に水道水１２をかけ１分間静置後測定した重量Ｘ＋
ｇ （厚さｔｚ ｍｍ）より（Ｘ＋ ｘｏ
）／ｘ。Weight X+ measured after pouring tap water 12 on g) and letting it stand for 1 minute
From g (thickness tz mm), (X+ xo
)/x.
により計算される。傾斜保水率は、上記の吸水した硬綿
を再びカゴ上に置きカゴを４５°傾けて５分間静置後測
定した重量％２ ｇより
（Ｘ２ ＸＯ）／ＸＯ
により計算される。Calculated by The gradient water retention rate is calculated by (X2
最大保水率５重量倍未満では潅水頻度が高くなり過ぎ、
一方４０重量倍を超えると硬綿内の空気が少なくなり過
ぎるために好ましくない。If the maximum water retention rate is less than 5 times the weight, the frequency of irrigation will become too high.
On the other hand, if it exceeds 40 times the weight, the air in the hard cotton becomes too small, which is not preferable.
また本発明及び本発明方法の硬綿の形状保持性（ヘタリ
安定性で示す）は、
（ｈ＋ ／ｈａ ）Ｘ１００
により計算され、８０％以上と良好な値を示す。In addition, the shape retention properties (indicated by stability stability) of the hard cotton of the present invention and the method of the present invention are calculated by (h+/ha)X100 and show a good value of 80% or more.
（実施例）
以下実施例にて本発明及び本発明方法を具体的に説明す
る。なお特にことわらない限り％及び部は重量％及び重
量部である。又、吸水率はｐＩＮ５３８１４によって測
定した。(Example) The present invention and the method of the present invention will be specifically explained in Examples below. Note that unless otherwise specified, % and parts are by weight. Moreover, the water absorption rate was measured by pIN53814.
実施例Ｉ
Ａ繊維としてポリエチレンテレツクレート／共重合ポリ
エステル（テレフタル酸／イソフタル酸−６０／４０．
融点１１０°Ｃ）の芯鞘形複合繊維（繊度３デニール、
繊維長５１ｍｍ）、１３繊維として多孔性アクリル系繊
維（アクリル系重合体／酢酸セルローズ−９２／８．吸
水率６２％、繊度３デニール、繊維長５１ｍｍ）、Ｃ繊
維としてポル、繊維長５１ｍｍ）を用いた。Example I A fiber was polyethylene terecrate/copolyester (terephthalic acid/isophthalic acid-60/40.
Core-sheath type composite fiber (melting point 110°C) (3 denier fineness,
13 fibers are porous acrylic fibers (acrylic polymer/cellulose acetate-92/8. water absorption rate 62%, fineness 3 denier, fiber length 51 mm), C fibers are POL, fiber length 51 mm). Using.
上記３種の繊維をＡ／Ｂ／Ｃ＝２０／４０／４０の割合
で開繊機に供給し開繊、混綿した後、再度開繊機に供給
しさらに混綿した。次にトンネル型通風乾熱処理機のエ
ンドレスワイヤーベルト上に３６０ｇ／ｍ”の割合で供
給し、６０ｍｍ間隔で、相対するエンドレスワイヤーヘ
ルド間にはさんで１５０°ＣＸ５分間処理した後、室温
冷却した。得られた硬綿は密度０．０３６ ｇ／ｃｍ″
、最大保水率２５重量倍、傾斜保水率１６重量倍、ベタ
リ安定性９９％であった。The above three types of fibers were fed to a spreader at a ratio of A/B/C=20/40/40, opened and mixed, and then fed again to the spreader and further mixed. Next, it was fed at a rate of 360 g/m'' onto an endless wire belt of a tunnel type ventilation dry heat treatment machine, and treated at 150° C. for 5 minutes at 60 mm intervals between opposing endless wire healds, and then cooled to room temperature. The obtained hard cotton has a density of 0.036 g/cm''
The maximum water retention rate was 25 times by weight, the gradient water retention rate was 16 times by weight, and the stick stability was 99%.
該硬綿を用いてロックウールを培地と対比して＝１０
トマトの水耕栽培を４ケ月行ったが、ロックウール培地
では成分溶出などのため培養液濃度、ｐＨコントロール
が難しかったが、本発明の培地は極めて安定で管理が容
易であり、草丈９葉数１着花数、収量のいずれにおいて
も大差なかった。Using the hard cotton, rock wool was compared with a medium = 10. Tomatoes were hydroponically cultivated for 4 months using the rock wool medium, but it was difficult to control the concentration and pH of the culture medium due to component elution in the rock wool medium, but the present invention The medium was extremely stable and easy to manage, and there was no significant difference in plant height, number of leaves, number of flowers, or yield.
実施例２及び比較例１
繊維比率及び素材は全て実施例１と同一で各々繊維を開
繊、混綿した後、梳綿機を通した。梳綿機から出たウェ
ッブを３６０ｇ／ｍ２の割合で積層した後、トンネル型
通風乾熱処理機のエンドレスワイヤーベルト上に供給し
６０ｍｍ間隔で相対するエンドレスワイヤーベルト間に
はさんで１５０ ’ＣＸ ５分間熱処理をした。得られ
た硬綿は密度０．０３７ ｇ／ｃｍ’ 、最大保水率１
５重量倍傾斜保水率９倍、ヘタリ安定性９８％であった
。Example 2 and Comparative Example 1 The fiber ratios and materials were all the same as in Example 1, and each fiber was opened, mixed, and then passed through a carding machine. After the web from the carding machine was laminated at a rate of 360 g/m2, it was fed onto the endless wire belt of a tunnel-type ventilation dry heat treatment machine, and the web was sandwiched between opposing endless wire belts at 60 mm intervals for 150'CX 5 minutes. Heat treated. The obtained hard cotton has a density of 0.037 g/cm' and a maximum water retention rate of 1
The water retention rate was 9 times as high as 5 times by weight, and the settling stability was 98%.
これを培地としてカイワレ大根の水耕栽培を約２週間行
なったが、根は中に殆ど入らず、硬綿表面を横にはって
いるものが大半であった（比較例１）。Although this was used as a medium for hydroponic cultivation of daikon radish for about two weeks, most of the roots did not enter the inside, and most of them were spread across the surface of the hard cotton (Comparative Example 1).
一方実施例１の硬綿を使用すればカイワレ大根の大部分
の根は硬綿の中にまっすぐ入り硬綿表面を横にはってい
るものは少なかった（実施例２）。On the other hand, when the hard cotton of Example 1 was used, most of the roots of the daikon radish went straight into the hard cotton, and only a few of them ran horizontally across the hard cotton surface (Example 2).
実施例３
Ａ繊維、Ｂ繊維及びＣ繊維として実施例１と同じものを
使用し、第１表の条件で実施例１と同様の処理を行ない
硬綿を作成し、実施例１と同様ト（発明の効果）
本発明は水耕栽培に適した保水性、透水性、形状保持性
を有しかつロックウールのような養液管理の困難さ、チ
クデクしたり、粉末を吸込む危険性、廃用後の処分の困
難さのない極めて取扱いが容易な培地である。また本発
明方法は本発明の培地を工業的に有利に生産する方法で
ある。Example 3 Using the same A fibers, B fibers, and C fibers as in Example 1, hard cotton was prepared by performing the same treatment as in Example 1 under the conditions shown in Table 1. Effects of the Invention) The present invention has water retention, water permeability, and shape retention properties suitable for hydroponic cultivation, and unlike rock wool, it has difficulty in managing nutrient solutions, the risk of tingling, the risk of inhaling powder, and disuse. It is an extremely easy-to-handle medium without any difficulties in subsequent disposal. Furthermore, the method of the present invention is an industrially advantageous method for producing the culture medium of the present invention.
Claims (2)
量％と、多孔性合成繊維及び／又は ポリエステル系複合繊維９０〜６０重量％とからなる硬
綿からなり、かつ該硬綿の密度 ０．０１〜０．１５ｇ／ｃｍ＾３、最大保水率が５〜４
０重量倍、傾斜保水率が３〜３０重量倍である水耕栽培
用人工培地。(1) Made of hard cotton consisting of 10 to 40% by weight of polyester fibers having a low melting point and 90 to 60% by weight of porous synthetic fibers and/or polyester composite fibers, and the density of the hard cotton is 0.01 ~0.15g/cm^3, maximum water retention rate 5-4
An artificial culture medium for hydroponic cultivation having a gradient water retention rate of 3 to 30 times by weight.
量％と、多孔性合成繊維及び／又はポリエステル系複合
繊維９０〜６０重量％とを開繊、混綿し、０．０１〜０
．１５ｇ／ｃｍ＾３の密度になるように積層した後、熱
処理を行い接着せしめることを特徴とする水耕栽培用人
工培地の製造方法。(2) Spread and mix 10 to 40% by weight of polyester fibers with a low melting point and 90 to 60% by weight of porous synthetic fibers and/or polyester composite fibers, and
．． A method for producing an artificial culture medium for hydroponic cultivation, which comprises laminating layers to a density of 15 g/cm^3 and then subjecting them to heat treatment to bond them together.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63334692A JPH02177830A (en) | 1988-12-29 | 1988-12-29 | Artificial medium and production thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63334692A JPH02177830A (en) | 1988-12-29 | 1988-12-29 | Artificial medium and production thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02177830A true JPH02177830A (en) | 1990-07-10 |
Family
ID=18280157
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63334692A Pending JPH02177830A (en) | 1988-12-29 | 1988-12-29 | Artificial medium and production thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02177830A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04108323A (en) * | 1990-08-28 | 1992-04-09 | Mihoko Yamamoto | Apparatus for water culture of japanese horseradish cultivable at home |
| JP2020146671A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2020-09-17 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Water purification member, hydroponic device, and water purification device |
-
1988
- 1988-12-29 JP JP63334692A patent/JPH02177830A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04108323A (en) * | 1990-08-28 | 1992-04-09 | Mihoko Yamamoto | Apparatus for water culture of japanese horseradish cultivable at home |
| JP2020146671A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2020-09-17 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Water purification member, hydroponic device, and water purification device |
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