JPH02171127A - Bait for fish and shellfish - Google Patents
Bait for fish and shellfishInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02171127A JPH02171127A JP63323600A JP32360088A JPH02171127A JP H02171127 A JPH02171127 A JP H02171127A JP 63323600 A JP63323600 A JP 63323600A JP 32360088 A JP32360088 A JP 32360088A JP H02171127 A JPH02171127 A JP H02171127A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fish
- feed
- shellfish
- unsaturated fatty
- fatty acids
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims description 38
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 19
- 235000020660 omega-3 fatty acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000235400 Phycomyces Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000235402 Rhizomucor Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000228212 Aspergillus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241001450898 Halteromyces Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000233667 Saprolegnia Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000186046 Actinomyces Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000235575 Mortierella Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241001219224 Mortierella elongata Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000908198 Actinomucor Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000908202 Backusella Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000235555 Cunninghamella Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 241001495423 Parasitella Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 241001385942 Saprolegnia sp. Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010696 ester oil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 32
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 description 10
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 9
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 241000238426 Anostraca Species 0.000 description 8
- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 description 8
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 7
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000020673 eicosapentaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 5
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 5
- MBMBGCFOFBJSGT-KUBAVDMBSA-N all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCC(O)=O MBMBGCFOFBJSGT-KUBAVDMBSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000019512 sardine Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241001125048 Sardina Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000020669 docosahexaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- IQLUYYHUNSSHIY-HZUMYPAESA-N eicosatetraenoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C(O)=O IQLUYYHUNSSHIY-HZUMYPAESA-N 0.000 description 3
- -1 fatty acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000238424 Crustacea Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000276569 Oryzias latipes Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000134731 Phycomyces nitens Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012716 cod liver oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003026 cod liver oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000021281 monounsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940119224 salmon oil Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000011732 tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 2
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 description 2
- GJJVAFUKOBZPCB-ZGRPYONQSA-N (r)-3,4-dihydro-2-methyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyl-3,7,11-tridecatrienyl)-2h-1-benzopyran-6-ol Chemical class OC1=CC=C2OC(CC/C=C(C)/CC/C=C(C)/CCC=C(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 GJJVAFUKOBZPCB-ZGRPYONQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000131314 Aspergillus candidus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000908171 Backusella circina Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000555825 Clupeidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001450897 Halteromyces radiatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 101000697856 Rattus norvegicus Bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000192023 Sarcina Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000269821 Scombridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-JLNKQSITSA-N all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-JLNKQSITSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940087168 alpha tocopherol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000007502 anemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000000436 anus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013527 bean curd Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 1
- YFHUZNNPPBARJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosa-1,3,5,7,9-pentaene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC=CC=CC=CC=CC=C YFHUZNNPPBARJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940090949 docosahexaenoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960005135 eicosapentaenoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N eicosapentaenoic acid Natural products CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCC(O)=O JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000001936 exophthalmos Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940013317 fish oils Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012041 food component Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000020640 mackerel Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000984 tocofersolan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003799 tocopherol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229960001295 tocopherol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002640 tocopherol group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019149 tocopherols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930003802 tocotrienol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011731 tocotrienol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940068778 tocotrienols Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019148 tocotrienols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019195 vitamin supplement Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000004835 α-tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002076 α-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/80—Feeding devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明はω−3系高度不飽和脂肪酸、そのエステル及び
/又はそれを含む油脂を高濃度に含有する糸状菌を含ん
で成る微小餌料生物用餌料、魚貝類用餌料、及び該餌料
を用いる魚貝類の養殖方法に関する。Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention is directed to micro-feeding organisms comprising filamentous fungi that contain high concentrations of omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids, their esters, and/or fats and oils containing them. The present invention relates to a feed for fish and shellfish, a feed for fish and shellfish, and a method for cultivating fish and shellfish using the feed.
従来、魚貝類や甲殻類の養殖において、種苗(稚仔魚)
生産には、微小生物餌料(シオミズツボワムシ〔以下ワ
ムシと略す〕、ブラインシュリンプなどの動物性プラン
クトン)が用いられており、稚仔魚の養殖には、先ずこ
れらの微小生物を培養する必要がある。これらの微小生
物を培養する場合には、後にそれを餌料として摂取する
稚仔魚の栄養要求性を考えて、例えばワムシでは、窒索
導、ビタミン源に富んだパン酵母のほかに、稚仔魚の必
須栄養成分であるω−3系高度不飽和脂肪酸(エイコサ
テトラエン酸(20:4)、エイコサペンタエン酸[2
0:5、以下EPAと略す]、ドコサペンタエンM(2
2:5)、ドコサヘキサエン酸(22:6、以下DHA
と略す〕等)を含有する海産クロレラや油脂酵母が用い
られている。これらは、培養によって調製されるが、海
産クロレラの場合、天候条件に左右され易く安定供給が
難しい上、最近、稚仔魚の成育にEPA以上の効果を示
すと報告されているDMAの含量が極めて少ない、又さ
らにEPA含量もあまり高くなくクロレラワムシを与え
た時に、稚仔魚の要求量を十分に満たさない等の問題点
を有している。又、油脂酵母はD M Aを含有し、栄
養学的には優れているが、ω−3系高度不飽和脂肪酸総
含量が4%(対油脂酵母重量)と低く、さらには、表面
に付着している油脂が酸化され易い、冷凍保存を要する
等、管理上の問題点を有している。Traditionally, in the cultivation of fish, shellfish, and crustaceans, seedlings (larval fish)
For production, microscopic biological feed (zooplankton such as the rotifer [hereinafter referred to as rotifer] and brine shrimp) is used, and in order to cultivate young fish, it is first necessary to cultivate these microscopic organisms. be. When culturing these microorganisms, consider the nutritional requirements of the young fish that will later ingest them as food. Omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (eicosatetraenoic acid (20:4), eicosapentaenoic acid [20:4], which are essential nutritional components)
0:5, hereinafter abbreviated as EPA], docosapentaene M (2
2:5), docosahexaenoic acid (22:6, hereinafter referred to as DHA)
Marine chlorella and oleaginous yeast are used. These are prepared by culturing, but in the case of marine chlorella, it is difficult to provide a stable supply as it is easily affected by weather conditions, and the content of DMA, which has recently been reported to be more effective than EPA for the growth of young fish, is extremely high. Furthermore, the EPA content is not very high, so when chlorella rotifers are fed, the amount required by young fish cannot be fully met. In addition, although oleaginous yeast contains DMA and is nutritionally superior, the total content of ω-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids is as low as 4% (based on the weight of oleaginous yeast), and furthermore, it does not adhere to the surface. There are management problems, such as the oils and fats used in the process to be easily oxidized and the need for frozen storage.
一方、上記の安定供給が難しい微小生物餌料に代わって
、微粒子配合飼料が開発され、最近、稚仔魚の初期飼料
として用いられるようになって来た。微粒子配合飼料は
、粉末状で自動給餌も可能であり、管理もし易いし、又
、粒度が種々あって稚仔魚の成長期に合わせて利用でき
るという利点を有する。しかし、飼料中のω−3系高度
不飽和脂肪酸の含量が3〜5%と低い上に、稚仔魚に必
須のビタミンEが含まれておらず、栄養学的に稚仔魚の
要求性を完全に満たすものではない。On the other hand, in place of the above-mentioned microorganism feeds, which are difficult to provide stably, feeds containing fine particles have been developed and have recently come to be used as initial feeds for young fish. Fine particle compound feed has the advantage that it is powdered and can be fed automatically, is easy to manage, and has various particle sizes so that it can be used according to the growth period of young fish. However, the content of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the feed is low at 3-5%, and it does not contain vitamin E, which is essential for young fish, nutritionally not meeting the nutritional requirements of young fish. It does not meet the requirements.
さらに稚仔魚の後期から成魚にかけては、イワシなどの
生餌ミンチ肉が餌料として多用され、栄養要求性に応じ
て、各種ビタミン源を添加した配合飼料や、ω−3系高
度不飽和脂肪酸に冨んだ、タラ肝油、イカ油、イワシ油
、サケ油等の魚油が併用されている。魚油は、−C的に
は、生餌ミンチ又は魚粉と、配合飼料の練り上げ剤とい
う形で利用され、モイストペレット飼料として魚に給餌
されることが多い。しかし、魚油は保存中に酸化され易
く〔過酸化物価(以下pov価と略す)10〜30 n
+eq/kg) 、モイストペレットの状態で、長時問
屋外日光下に置くと、さらに酸化されて(POv価50
〜70 meq/kg) 、;−れを魚fJ<tUjl
シ?、:、場合、体内のビタミンC,E量が減少すると
共に、成長停止、背こけ病状、高度の貧血、眼球突出な
どの症状が現れ易く、生残率の低下をもたらすことが知
られており、保存方法や給餌方法に細心の注意を要する
という問題点を有する。Furthermore, raw minced meat such as sardines is often used as feed from the later stages of fry to adult fish, and depending on nutritional requirements, mixed feeds containing various vitamin sources and rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are used. Fish oils such as cod liver oil, squid oil, sardine oil, and salmon oil are used in combination. In terms of -C, fish oil is used in the form of minced raw feed or fishmeal and a kneading agent for mixed feed, and is often fed to fish as moist pellet feed. However, fish oil is easily oxidized during storage [peroxide value (hereinafter abbreviated as POV value) 10 to 30 n
+eq/kg), if left in moist pellet form under sunlight outdoors for a long time, it will be further oxidized (POv value 50
~70 meq/kg) ;
Shi? It is known that in this case, the amount of vitamins C and E in the body decreases, and symptoms such as growth arrest, sagging symptoms, severe anemia, and proptosis of the eyes tend to appear, leading to a decrease in survival rate. However, there is a problem in that careful attention must be paid to storage and feeding methods.
〔発明が解決しようとする課題及び作用〕従って本発明
は、糸状菌がω−3系高度不飽和脂肪酸及びビタミンE
を、酸化されにくい形態で高濃度に蓄積する性質を有す
ることを利用して、これらの成分を高濃度で含有する糸
状菌を含んで成る微小餌料動物用餌料、魚貝類用餌料、
及びこれらを用いる魚貝類の養殖方法を提供するもので
ある。[Problems and effects to be solved by the invention] Therefore, the present invention provides that filamentous fungi
Taking advantage of the property of accumulating these components at high concentrations in a form that is difficult to oxidize, microfeed animal feeds, fish and shellfish feeds, comprising filamentous fungi containing these components at high concentrations;
The present invention also provides a method for cultivating fish and shellfish using the same.
従って本発明は、ω−3系高度不飽和脂肪酸、そのエス
テル及び/又はそれを含む油脂を含有する糸状菌を含ん
で成る微小餌料生物用餌料;ω−3系高度不飽和脂肪酸
、そのエステル及び/又はそれを含む油脂を含有する糸
状菌を含んで成る魚貝類用餌料;ω−3系高度不飽和脂
肪酸、そのエステル及び/又はそれを含む油脂を含有す
る糸状菌を含んで成る微小餌料生物用餌料を用いて増養
殖した微小餌料生物を含んで成る魚貝類用餌料;並びに
前記の魚貝類用餌料を魚貝類に与えることを特徴とする
、魚貝類の養殖方法を提供するものである。Therefore, the present invention provides a microfeed for organisms comprising a filamentous fungus containing an ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, an ester thereof, and/or an oil or fat containing the same; Food for fish and shellfish comprising filamentous fungi containing oils and/or fats containing the same; microfeed organisms comprising filamentous fungi containing omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids, their esters and/or oils and fats containing them The present invention provides a feed for fish and shellfish comprising microfeed organisms cultivated using the feed for fish and shellfish; and a method for cultivating fish and shellfish, characterized in that the feed for fish and shellfish is fed to the fish and shellfish.
本発明においては、ωへ3系高度不飽和脂肪酸、及びビ
タミンEを酸化されにくい形態で且つ高濃度で蓄積する
能力を有す、る微生物であれば、すべて使用することが
できる。このような微生物として例えばアクチノムコー
ル(八ctinomucor) J71、アスペルギル
ス(Aspergillus)属、バクセラ(Back
usel la) liI、カニンガメラ(Cunni
nghamel la)属、ハルテロマイセス(Ha
l teromyces)属、モルティエレラ(Mor
tierel la)属、バラスティエラ(Paras
tiella) Hasファイコマイセス(Phyco
myces)属、リゾムコール(Rhizomucor
)属、サプロレグニア(Saprolegnia)属等
を挙げることができる。モルティエレラ属では例えば、
モルテイエレラ・エロンガタ(Mortierella
蛙並■田)IFO8570、モルティエレラ・エキ
ジグアコ肛旦肛社ハ ■口旦)IPO8571モルテイ
エレラ・ヒグロフイラ(Mortterella 動
工阻曲↓1a)IFO5941、モルテイエレラ・アル
ビナ%uμ山堕 社且匝)IPO8568等を挙げるこ
とができる。これらの菌株はいずれも、財団法人醗酵研
究所からなんら制限なく入手することができる。In the present invention, any microorganism can be used as long as it has the ability to accumulate ω-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E in a form that is difficult to oxidize and at a high concentration. Examples of such microorganisms include Actinomucor J71, Aspergillus spp., Backella spp.
usel la) liI, Cunninghamera (Cunni)
nghamel la) genus, Halteromyces (Ha
teromyces), Mortierella (Mor
tierel la), Paras
tierla) Has Phycomyces (Phyco
myces), Rhizomucor
), Saprolegnia genus, and the like. For example, in the genus Mortierella,
Mortierella elongata
List the following examples: Frog Nami ■ IFO 8570, Mortierella exiguaco anus Dan anal Sha ■ Mouth Dan) IPO 8571 Mortierella hygrophylla (Morterella kinetic obstruction ↓ 1a) IFO 5941, Mortierella albina % u μ mountain fall society 且匝) IPO 8568, etc. Can be done. All of these strains can be obtained from the Fermentation Research Institute without any restrictions.
又、本発明者らが土壌から分離した菌株モルティエレラ
・エロンガタSAM 0219 (微工研菌寄第870
3号)(微工研条寄第1239号)を使用することもで
きる。In addition, the present inventors isolated the bacterial strain Mortierella elongata SAM 0219 (Feikoken Bacteria Collection No. 870).
3) (Feikoken Jokyo No. 1239) can also be used.
このような微生物をω−3系高度不飽和脂肪酸及びビタ
ミンの存在下培養すると、これらは取り込まれ、又は菌
体に吸着され、安定なω−3系高度不飽和脂肪酸及びビ
タミン含有物を得ることができる。すなわち、ω−3系
高度不飽和脂肪酸の場合は、例えばエイコサテトラエン
酸、EPA、)’コサペンクエン酸、D M Aを遊離
脂肪酸、又は脂肪酸エステルの形、あるいは魚油のよう
な含有する油脂の形で、又ビタミンEの場合は、遊離の
形又はエステルの形、あるいは大豆ミールや小麦胚芽の
ような含有物の形で各々単独に、又は組み合わせて培地
中に添加し、この培地中で増殖させた微生物菌体を適度
な粒径に粒状化することにより達成される。When such microorganisms are cultured in the presence of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamins, these are taken up or adsorbed to the bacterial cells, and stable ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamins can be obtained. Can be done. In other words, in the case of ω-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids, for example, eicosatetraenoic acid, EPA, cosapene citric acid, and DMA are used in the form of free fatty acids or fatty acid esters, or in the form of containing oils and fats such as fish oil. In the case of vitamin E, in the free form or in the form of esters, or in the form of inclusions such as soybean meal or wheat germ, each may be added alone or in combination to a medium and grown in this medium. This is achieved by pulverizing the microbial cells to an appropriate particle size.
本発明においては、ω−3系高度不飽和脂肪酸とは、ω
−3の位置に二重結合を有し、3個以上の二重結合を炭
素鎖中に有する脂肪酸を意味し、好ましくは炭素原子数
20個以上を有する。このような高度不飽和脂肪酸とし
て、例えば、エイコサテトラエン酸(20: 4) 、
EPA (20: 5)、ドコサベンクエン酸(22:
5) 、DHA C22:6)等を挙げることができ
、これらの高度不飽和脂肪酸を、遊離脂肪酸、脂肪酸塩
、脂肪酸エステル、又は含有する油脂の形で、単独にあ
るいは組み合わせて培地へ添加する。実用的には、魚貝
類、甲殻類由来の油脂やその加水分解物、エステル化物
、例えば、イワシ油、タラ肝油、イカ油、サバ油、サケ
油等を使用することが好ましい。イワシ油等は、飽和又
はモノ不飽和脂肪酸も含有しているが、微生物はこれら
の飽和又はモノ不飽和脂肪酸を炭素源として代謝消費し
ていくため、培養日数を増加させると、高度不飽和脂肪
酸の含量はさらに増加する。又、ビタミンEとしては、
トコフェロール類はトコトリエノール類を全て、遊離の
形、エステルの形で用いることができるが、ビタミンE
を含有する小麦胚芽や米ぬか、大豆、トウモロコシ、綿
実等、あるいはこれらの抽出油の形で使用することもで
きる。In the present invention, ω-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids refer to ω
It means a fatty acid having a double bond at the -3 position and three or more double bonds in the carbon chain, preferably having 20 or more carbon atoms. Examples of such highly unsaturated fatty acids include eicosatetraenoic acid (20:4),
EPA (20: 5), docosaben citric acid (22:
5), DHA C22:6), etc., and these highly unsaturated fatty acids are added to the medium in the form of free fatty acids, fatty acid salts, fatty acid esters, or oils and fats contained therein, either alone or in combination. Practically, it is preferable to use oils and fats derived from fish, shellfish, and crustaceans, and their hydrolysates and esters, such as sardine oil, cod liver oil, squid oil, mackerel oil, and salmon oil. Sardine oil, etc. also contains saturated or monounsaturated fatty acids, but since microorganisms metabolize and consume these saturated or monounsaturated fatty acids as carbon sources, increasing the number of culture days increases the amount of highly unsaturated fatty acids. The content of will further increase. Also, as vitamin E,
Tocopherols include all tocotrienols, which can be used in free form or ester form, but vitamin E
It can also be used in the form of wheat germ, rice bran, soybean, corn, cottonseed, etc., or their extracted oils.
培養終了後、培養物を殺菌し、好ましくは乾燥する。乾
燥は凍結乾燥、風乾、熱乾燥等によって行なうことがで
きる。以上の操作によって得られた菌体は破砕され、微
小餌料生物用には10〜100−1稚仔魚用には250
〜1.000 tm、成魚用にはi、ooo〜3.00
0I!m程度の粒度を存する粒子塊が得られる。破砕に
は、通常用いられているミルやミキサー、エクストルー
ダ、造粒機等、いずれのものも使用することができる。After culturing, the culture is sterilized and preferably dried. Drying can be performed by freeze drying, air drying, heat drying, etc. The bacterial cells obtained by the above operations are crushed, and the concentration is 10 to 100-1 for micro-feeding organisms, and 250-100 for young fish.
~1.000 tm, i, ooo ~3.00 for adult fish
0I! A particle agglomerate having a particle size of the order of m is obtained. For crushing, any commonly used mill, mixer, extruder, granulator, etc. can be used.
このようにして得られた粒子塊は、飼料として、単独に
あるいは、生餌や各種ビタミン剤、配合飼料などと組み
合わせて用い、通常の養殖方法に従って、微小餌料生物
、稚仔魚°、成魚を養殖することができる。The particle aggregates obtained in this way are used as feed alone or in combination with live feed, various vitamin supplements, mixed feed, etc., and are used to cultivate microscopic feed organisms, juvenile fish, and adult fish according to normal aquaculture methods. can do.
次に、実施例により、この発明をさらに具体的に説明す
る。Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.
尖胤医1
アクチノムコール・エレガンス(Actinomuco
r旦■旦LIFO6408) 、アスペルギルス・キャ
ンディダスD刀徂■月土us candidus I
FO4389)、バクセラ・サルシナ(Backuse
lla circina IFO9137)。Acute Seed Doctor 1 Actinomuco elegans
Aspergillus candidus
FO4389), Baxella sarcina (Backuse
lla circina IFO9137).
カニンガメラ・エキヌラータ・エレガンス(Cunni
nO1駐上罰 echinulata var、 虹」
並LIFO4441) 、ハルテロマイセス・ラジアタ
ス(tlalterom ces radiatus
CBS 162.75)、モルティエレラ・アルビナ
」犯1堕P山堕 虹吐封IFO856B) 、バラステ
ィエラ・シンプレックス(Parastiella
紅肚圏LNRRL 1461)、ファイコマイセス・ニ
テンス(ハ匹亜u且n1tens IFO5694)、
及びリゾムコール・ミエイ(Rhizomucor
m1eheiIFO9740)、サプロレグニア・パラ
ンティ力(Sa role nia 巨胆■旦91F
08978)を、各々培養前又は培養3日後の培地中に
、培地当り1%のイカ油0.01%のα−り、L−)コ
フェロールを添加して5日間の培養を行ない、菌体を回
収した。Cunninghamera echinulata elegans (Cunni)
nO1 stationing punishment echinulata var, rainbow”
(normal LIFO4441), Halteromyces radiatus (talteromyces radiatus)
CBS 162.75), Mortierella Albina "Kan 1 Fallen P Mountain Fall Rainbow Tofu IFO856B)", Parastierra Simplex (Parastiella
Phycomyces nitens IFO5694), Phycomyces nitens IFO5694),
and Rhizomucor myei
m1eheiIFO9740), Saprolegnia Palantiriki (Sa role nia gigantic ■dan 91F)
08978) was cultured for 5 days by adding 1% squid oil and 0.01% α-(L-)copherol per medium to the medium before culturing or after 3 days of culture. Recovered.
得られた菌体をそれぞれ105℃で3時間、加熱乾燥し
、コーヒーミルにより、パウダー化した。得られたパウ
ダーを窒素気流下、ジエチルエーテル中でホモジナイザ
ーで破砕して、菌体中の油脂を抽出し、過酸化物価(P
OV価)を測定した。同様にコントロールとして、イカ
油又は、これにα−D、L−)コフェロールを1%添加
したものを105℃、3時間加熱処理したもの、又それ
ぞれの菌株についてα−D、L−トコフェロールを添加
しなかったものについて上記の操作を行なったものにつ
いてもPOv価の測定を行なった。又、イカ油と各菌体
パウダーより、脂質中の脂肪酸組成、及びω−3系高度
不飽和脂肪酸の総含量を求め、上記のPOV価測定結果
と併せて第1表に示した。The obtained bacterial cells were dried by heating at 105° C. for 3 hours, and powdered using a coffee mill. The obtained powder was crushed with a homogenizer in diethyl ether under a nitrogen stream to extract the oils and fats in the bacterial cells, and the peroxide value (P
OV value) was measured. Similarly, as a control, squid oil or a product to which 1% α-D, L-copherol was added was heat-treated at 105°C for 3 hours, and α-D, L-tocopherol was added for each strain. The POv value was also measured for those that were not subjected to the above operations. Furthermore, the fatty acid composition in the lipids and the total content of ω-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids were determined from the squid oil and each bacterial powder, and are shown in Table 1 together with the above POV value measurement results.
結果が示す通り、いずれの菌体も、菌体回収後の加熱処
理にも拘らず油脂を安定な形で蓄積し、培養時のα−ト
コフェロールの添加も効果を示した。As shown in the results, all cells accumulated fats and oils in a stable form despite the heat treatment after cell collection, and the addition of α-tocopherol during culture also showed an effect.
又、脂肪酸組成も、培養液中に添加したイカ油より、菌
体内に取り込んだ方が、ω−3系高度不飽和脂肪酸は高
含量を示した。Furthermore, regarding the fatty acid composition, squid oil taken into the bacterial cells showed a higher content of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids than squid oil added to the culture solution.
以下余白
実新l生η
実施例1で壇養前にイカ油を添加して得られた各菌体パ
ウダー、及びコントロールとしてパン酵母−Ω旦ε功互
り徂しε狙 cereviciae)を用いて、ワムシ
、及びブラインシュリンプの培養を行なった。The following is a blank space for each cell powder obtained by adding squid oil before culturing in Example 1, and baker's yeast (Baker's yeast) as a control. , rotifers, and brine shrimp were cultured.
培養方法は、海水2001!、を3001の水槽に入れ
、通気条件下、23℃で、ワムシは1d当り100個体
、ブラインシュリンプは111tl当り20個体放養し
、餌料として、それぞれIg/10’個ワムシ1日、I
g/10’個ブラインシュリンブ1日になるように上記
の菌体パウダー及びパン酵母を与えた。ワムシ、ブライ
ンシュリンプともこれらを摂取して生育し、3日目にサ
ンプリングして、構成脂肪酸組成を調べたところ、第2
表のようになった。結果が示す通り、ワムシにおいても
プラインシュリンプにおいても、ω−3系高度不飽和脂
肪酸の蓄積量の点で、本発明により得られた菌体パウダ
ーは、パン酵母よりも好成績であった。The culture method is seawater 2001! , were placed in a 3001 aquarium under aerated conditions at 23°C, and 100 rotifers per 1 d and 20 brine shrimp per 111 tl were released.
The above bacterial powder and baker's yeast were given at a rate of 10 g/10' brine shrimp per day. Both rotifers and brine shrimp grew by ingesting these, and when they were sampled on the third day and examined the constituent fatty acid composition, it was found that the second
It looks like a table. As shown in the results, the bacterial powder obtained according to the present invention performed better than baker's yeast in terms of the accumulated amount of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in both rotifers and prine shrimp.
」−」L−表
〔ワムシ〕
〔ブラインシュリンプ〕
て、2ケ月の飼育を行ない魚体中のω−3系高度不飽和
脂肪酸含量、体長の変化、及び生残率を調べた。ヒメダ
カは各50尾で、1ケ月間、徐々に塩濃度を上げ、最終
的に人工海水中に適応させたものを用いた。又、コント
ロールとして、パン酵母(成魚)、及びパン酵母で培養
したワムシ、ブラインシュリンプ(稚仔魚)を用いた。"-" L-Table [Rotifer] [Brine Shrimp] The fish were reared for two months and the content of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the fish body, changes in body length, and survival rate were examined. Fifty Japanese medaka fish were used, and the salt concentration was gradually increased over a period of one month, and finally they were adapted to artificial seawater. Furthermore, as controls, baker's yeast (adult fish), rotifers cultured with baker's yeast, and brine shrimp (juvenile fish) were used.
結果は、第3表に示す通り、本発明による菌体パウダー
、及び菌体で培養したワムシ、ブラインシュリンプを餌
料として育てたヒメダカは、コントロールに比べ、優れ
た生育状況を示した。As shown in Table 3, the results showed that the medaka fish grown using the bacterial powder according to the present invention, rotifers cultured with the bacterial cells, and brine shrimp as food exhibited superior growth compared to the control.
以下余日Remaining days below
Claims (1)
はそれを含む油脂を含有する糸状菌を含んで成る微小餌
料生物用餌料。 2、ω−3系高度不飽和脂肪酸、そのエステル及び/又
はそれを含む油脂を含有する糸状菌を含んで成る魚貝類
用餌料。 3、ω−3系高度不飽和脂肪酸、そのエステル及び/又
はそれを含む油脂を含有する糸状菌を含んで成る微小餌
料生物用餌料を用いて増養殖した微小餌料生物を含んで
成る魚貝類用餌料。 4、請求項2又は3に記載の魚貝類用餌料を魚貝類に与
えることを特徴とする、魚貝類の養殖方法。 5、前記糸状菌が、アクチノムコール属、アスペルギル
ス属、バクセラ属、カニンガメラ属、ハルテロマイセス
属、モルティエイラ属、パラスティエラ属、ファイコマ
イセス属及び、リゾムコール属、サプロレグニア属に属
する糸状菌である請求項1〜3のいずか1項に記載の餌
料。[Scope of Claims] 1. A feed for microfeeding organisms comprising a filamentous fungus containing an ω-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid, an ester thereof, and/or an oil or fat containing the same. 2. A feed for fish and shellfish comprising filamentous fungi containing ω-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids, their esters, and/or oils and fats containing them. 3. For fish and shellfish containing microfeed organisms cultured using feed for microfeed organisms containing filamentous fungi containing omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids, their esters, and/or fats and oils containing them. feed. 4. A method for cultivating fish and shellfish, which comprises feeding fish and shellfish with the feed for fish and shellfish according to claim 2 or 3. 5. The filamentous fungus is a filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Actinomyces, Aspergillus, Baxella, Caningamela, Halteromyces, Mortierira, Parastierella, Phycomyces, Rhizomucor, and Saprolegnia. The feed according to any one of items 1 to 3.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP63323600A JP2664452B2 (en) | 1988-12-23 | 1988-12-23 | Fish and shellfish feed |
PCT/JP1989/001289 WO1990007283A1 (en) | 1988-12-23 | 1989-12-22 | Feed for fish and shellfish |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP63323600A JP2664452B2 (en) | 1988-12-23 | 1988-12-23 | Fish and shellfish feed |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH02171127A true JPH02171127A (en) | 1990-07-02 |
JP2664452B2 JP2664452B2 (en) | 1997-10-15 |
Family
ID=18156523
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP63323600A Expired - Lifetime JP2664452B2 (en) | 1988-12-23 | 1988-12-23 | Fish and shellfish feed |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2664452B2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1990007283A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7005280B2 (en) | 1988-09-07 | 2006-02-28 | Martek Biosciences Corporation | Method of producing lipids by growing microorganisms of the order thraustochytriales |
US7381558B2 (en) | 1992-10-16 | 2008-06-03 | Martek Biosciences Corporation | Process for the heterotrophic production of microbial products with high concentrations of omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids |
EP2264142A2 (en) * | 1996-03-28 | 2010-12-22 | DSM IP Assets B.V. | Process for the preparation of a granular microbial biomass and isolation of valuable compounds therefrom |
EP2280062A2 (en) * | 1996-03-28 | 2011-02-02 | DSM IP Assets B.V. | Preparation of microbial polyunsaturated fatty acid containing oil from pasteurised biomass |
US8217151B2 (en) | 2002-06-19 | 2012-07-10 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Pasteurisation process for microbial cells and microbial oil |
WO2013180226A1 (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2013-12-05 | 味の素株式会社 | Method for determining auxotrophy of fish |
US9848623B2 (en) | 2000-01-28 | 2017-12-26 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Enhanced production of lipids containing polyenoic fatty acids by very high density cultures of eukaryotic microbes in fermentors |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20010052854A (en) | 1998-06-17 | 2001-06-25 | 윌리암 로엘프 드 보에르 | Microbial arachidonic acid(ara) for use in marine feed |
CL2009001164A1 (en) * | 2008-05-13 | 2010-04-09 | Method for feeding the smolt and / or parr of salmon, farm-raised to prepare them for the transition from a freshwater habitat to a saltwater one, which comprises providing a food composition for smolt and feeding the food composition to the smolt and / or parr. | |
CN104054598B (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2017-01-11 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | Pollution-free nibeamiichthioides culture method |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5151492A (en) * | 1974-10-29 | 1976-05-07 | Sanraku Ocean Co | Omega 3 kodofuhowashibosano tenkashita kaisangyoyoshiryono seizoho |
JPS5944020B2 (en) * | 1978-01-27 | 1984-10-26 | 協和醗酵工業株式会社 | How to raise marine fish using oleaginous yeast |
JPS623791A (en) * | 1985-07-01 | 1987-01-09 | Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Production of lipid by mildew or algae |
JPH0712315B2 (en) * | 1986-07-08 | 1995-02-15 | サントリー株式会社 | Eicosapentaenoic acid and method for producing lipid containing the same |
-
1988
- 1988-12-23 JP JP63323600A patent/JP2664452B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1989
- 1989-12-22 WO PCT/JP1989/001289 patent/WO1990007283A1/en unknown
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7005280B2 (en) | 1988-09-07 | 2006-02-28 | Martek Biosciences Corporation | Method of producing lipids by growing microorganisms of the order thraustochytriales |
US7011962B2 (en) | 1988-09-07 | 2006-03-14 | Martek Biosciences Corporation | Method of producing lipids by growing microorganisms of the order thraustochyriales |
US7022512B2 (en) | 1988-09-07 | 2006-04-04 | Martek Biosciences Corporation | Schizochytrium and thraustochytrium strains for producing high concentrations of omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids |
US7381558B2 (en) | 1992-10-16 | 2008-06-03 | Martek Biosciences Corporation | Process for the heterotrophic production of microbial products with high concentrations of omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids |
EP2264142A3 (en) * | 1996-03-28 | 2011-09-28 | DSM IP Assets B.V. | Process for the preparation of a granular microbial biomass and isolation of valuable compounds therefrom |
EP2280062A2 (en) * | 1996-03-28 | 2011-02-02 | DSM IP Assets B.V. | Preparation of microbial polyunsaturated fatty acid containing oil from pasteurised biomass |
EP2280062A3 (en) * | 1996-03-28 | 2011-09-28 | DSM IP Assets B.V. | Preparation of microbial polyunsaturated fatty acid containing oil from pasteurised biomass |
EP2251410A3 (en) * | 1996-03-28 | 2011-09-28 | DSM IP Assets B.V. | Preparation of microbial polyunsaturated fatty acid containing oil from pasteurised biomass |
EP2264142A2 (en) * | 1996-03-28 | 2010-12-22 | DSM IP Assets B.V. | Process for the preparation of a granular microbial biomass and isolation of valuable compounds therefrom |
EP2251412A3 (en) * | 1996-03-28 | 2011-09-28 | DSM IP Assets B.V. | Preparation of microbial polyunsaturated fatty acid containing oil from pasteurised biomass |
EP2251411A3 (en) * | 1996-03-28 | 2011-10-12 | DSM IP Assets B.V. | Preparation of microbial polyunsaturated fatty acid containing oil from pasteurised biomass |
US9848623B2 (en) | 2000-01-28 | 2017-12-26 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Enhanced production of lipids containing polyenoic fatty acids by very high density cultures of eukaryotic microbes in fermentors |
US8217151B2 (en) | 2002-06-19 | 2012-07-10 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Pasteurisation process for microbial cells and microbial oil |
US8895708B2 (en) | 2002-06-19 | 2014-11-25 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Pasteurisation process for microbial cells and microbial oil |
US9457108B2 (en) | 2002-06-19 | 2016-10-04 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Pasteurisation process for microbial cells and microbial oil |
US10493174B2 (en) | 2002-06-19 | 2019-12-03 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Pasteurisation process for microbial cells and microbial oil |
WO2013180226A1 (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2013-12-05 | 味の素株式会社 | Method for determining auxotrophy of fish |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO1990007283A1 (en) | 1990-07-12 |
JP2664452B2 (en) | 1997-10-15 |
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