JPH02161310A - Magnet body for detecting position - Google Patents
Magnet body for detecting positionInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02161310A JPH02161310A JP31567688A JP31567688A JPH02161310A JP H02161310 A JPH02161310 A JP H02161310A JP 31567688 A JP31567688 A JP 31567688A JP 31567688 A JP31567688 A JP 31567688A JP H02161310 A JPH02161310 A JP H02161310A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- magnet
- pole
- position detection
- magnet body
- flux density
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005355 Hall effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPYVAWXEWQSOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium antimonide Chemical compound [Sb]#[In] WPYVAWXEWQSOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は、一対の部材間の相対的位置変化を非接触方式
で検出する位置検出手段に使用される磁石体に関するも
のであって、特にアナログ信号で正確な位置検出を行う
ことができるのは勿論のこと１位置検出手段を小型、簡
便化することができるように工夫をこらした位置検出用
磁石体に関する。Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a magnetic body used in a position detection means for detecting a relative position change between a pair of members in a non-contact manner. The present invention relates to a position detection magnet that is designed to not only enable accurate position detection using an analog signal but also to make the single position detection means compact and simple.
［従来の技術］
例えば精密工作機械及び精密測定器械等においては、そ
れらの加工部材や測定部材等が移動するときの変位量を
正確に検出することが加工及び測定する上で必要である
ため、多少大がかりで高価であっても、コンピューター
を使用したパルスカウント方式の位置検出手段が配備さ
れていた。[Prior Art] For example, in precision machine tools and precision measuring instruments, it is necessary to accurately detect the amount of displacement when the workpieces and measurement members move, so that Although it was somewhat large-scale and expensive, it was equipped with a pulse-count position detection method using a computer.
このパルスカウント方式の位置検出手段は、前記加工部
材及び測定部材と連動する磁気センサーと、この磁気セ
ンサー表面と少しの間隔を開けてかつ磁気センサーの可
動範囲に亘って延在する磁石体から構成されている。前
記磁気センサーとしては、ゲルマニウム、ＩｎＳｂ等の
物質の一方向に電流を流した状態で電流の方向と垂直方
向１こ磁場をかけると、磁場の強さに応じた起電力を発
生するというホール効果を利用したホール素子等がある
。This pulse count type position detection means is composed of a magnetic sensor that interlocks with the processing member and the measuring member, and a magnet body that extends over the movable range of the magnetic sensor with a small distance from the surface of the magnetic sensor. has been done. The magnetic sensor uses the Hall effect, which generates an electromotive force according to the strength of the magnetic field when a magnetic field is applied in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the current while a current is flowing in one direction of a material such as germanium or InSb. There are Hall elements etc. that utilize .
また、前記磁石体は、磁気センサーが移動する方向に沿
ってＮ極とＳ極とが交互に細かい間隔で着磁されたもの
である。Further, the magnet body has N poles and S poles alternately magnetized at small intervals along the direction in which the magnetic sensor moves.
そして、前記磁気センサーが磁石体表面と少しの間隔を
開けて平行移動すると１例えば磁気センサーがＮ極の上
方にあるときはプラスの起電力を発生し、次に隣接した
Ｓ極の上方に移動するとマイナスの起電力を発生し、こ
うしてこれらのプラス及びマイナスの交互の信号は、パ
ルスカウンター回路においてデジタルパルスとして数え
られ。When the magnetic sensor moves parallel to the magnet surface with a small distance, for example, when the magnetic sensor is above the north pole, a positive electromotive force is generated, and then it moves above the adjacent south pole. This generates a negative electromotive force, and thus these alternating positive and negative signals are counted as digital pulses in the pulse counter circuit.
次に演算回路において適宜な定数を掛けてアナログ量に
変換されて、起点からの変位量を表示したりまた、機器
を制御するためのデーターとして用いられていた。Next, it is multiplied by an appropriate constant in an arithmetic circuit and converted into an analog quantity, which is used to display the amount of displacement from the starting point or as data for controlling equipment.
また、コンピューターを使用した位置検出手段はどの位
置検出の正確性を必要としない製品にあっては、通常１
位置のデーターを抵抗値に変換する形態の可変抵抗器が
使用されている。Additionally, for products that do not require position detection accuracy, computer-based position detection means usually have a
A variable resistor is used that converts position data into a resistance value.
［発明が解決しようとするＷ題コ
前述した磁気を利用した位置検出手段は、非接触方式で
ありいわゆる磁石体と磁気センサーとが接触せずに、数
−程度の間隔を開けて使用できるため、摩耗したり接触
不良になることもなく、かつ非磁性体であれば磁石体と
磁気センサーとの間に介在物が存在しても良く、これら
の他の検出手段にない優れた特性から広範囲な重速が期
待されている。[Problem W to be Solved by the Invention] The above-mentioned position detection means using magnetism is a non-contact method, and the so-called magnet body and the magnetic sensor do not come into contact with each other and can be used with an interval of several minutes apart. , there is no wear or contact failure, and if it is a non-magnetic material, inclusions can exist between the magnet body and the magnetic sensor, and because of its excellent characteristics not found in other detection methods, it can be used over a wide range of applications. High speed is expected.
しかしながら、磁気センサーとしては、プラス、マイナ
スの起電力を発生するだけでなく、磁場の強さに応じて
連続した量の、つまりアナログ量の起電力を出力できる
のであるが、前述した精密工作機械及び精密測定器械等
の位置検出手段における磁石体は、Ｎ極とＳ極とが交互
に連続したちのなので磁気センサーはパルスのデジタル
信号を出力するため、デジタルのカウンター回路とアナ
ログ量に変換する演算回路とが少なくとも必要となり、
したがってこのような構成の位置検出手段は大がかりで
高価なものとなっていた。However, as a magnetic sensor, it can not only generate positive and negative electromotive force, but also output a continuous amount of electromotive force, that is, an analog amount, depending on the strength of the magnetic field. The magnetic body in the position detection means of precision measuring instruments and the like has alternating north and south poles, so the magnetic sensor outputs a pulse digital signal, which is converted into an analog quantity using a digital counter circuit. At least an arithmetic circuit is required,
Therefore, the position detecting means having such a configuration is large-scale and expensive.
そのため、通常の多くの製品にあっては前述の如き位置
検出手段を用いることは叶わずに、可変抵抗器等の使用
を余儀なくされていた。可変抵抗器は安価でこれに必要
な回路も簡単で便利であるが、正確さにおいて他に劣り
、また基準位置となる絶対量としての原点を有していな
いので１回路で電気的原点設定の調整を行う必要があり
、更に抵抗体上をブラシが摺動して抵抗値を変化させる
構造であるので、長時間の使用においては接触不良とな
らざるを得なかった。Therefore, in many ordinary products, it is not possible to use the position detecting means as described above, and a variable resistor or the like has been forced to be used. Variable resistors are cheap and the circuits required are simple and convenient, but they are inferior to others in accuracy and do not have an origin as an absolute quantity that can be used as a reference position, so it is difficult to set the electrical origin with a single circuit. It is necessary to make adjustments, and since the structure is such that the brush slides on the resistor to change the resistance value, poor contact inevitably occurs during long-term use.
そこで、本発明にあっては、大がかりとなるデジタル回
路等を必要とせず、また原点設定も必要としない構造に
より小型でしかも簡便であり、そして耐久性を有し正確
な位置検出を行うことができる非接触方式の位置検出用
手段に用いられる磁石体を提供することを目的とする。Therefore, the present invention has a structure that does not require large-scale digital circuits, etc., and does not require setting the origin, so it is compact, simple, durable, and can perform accurate position detection. It is an object of the present invention to provide a magnetic body used in a non-contact type position detection means.
［課題を解決するための手段］
前述した８題は、磁石体の一方部分から他方部分に向か
って、磁束密度量を増方向若しくは減方向に変化せしめ
るべく着磁された磁石体において、前記磁石体の一方部
分から他方部分に至るまでの各距離に対する磁束密度の
変化を表わす変化特性線にあっては、少なくともその一
部に直線状部分が存在すべく着磁されてなることを特徴
とする位置検出用磁石体によって解決される。[Means for Solving the Problems] The above-mentioned eight problems are based on a magnet body that is magnetized to increase or decrease the amount of magnetic flux density from one part of the magnet body to the other part. The change characteristic line representing the change in magnetic flux density with respect to each distance from one part of the body to the other part is characterized by being magnetized so that at least a part thereof has a linear part. This problem is solved by a position detection magnet.
［実施例］
以下、図面に基づいて本発明の実施例について説明する
。[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.
第１図は本発明の位置検出用磁石体の一実施例を示す斜
視図、第２ｒＪＲ１第３ｖＩは本発明の他の実施例を示
す斜視図、第４図は本発明の位置検出用磁石体のＮ極か
らＳ極に至るまでの各距離に対する磁束密度の変化を示
す特性グラフである。Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of the position detecting magnet of the present invention, 2rJR1, 3vI is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 4 is a position detecting magnet of the present invention. It is a characteristic graph which shows the change of the magnetic flux density with respect to each distance from the north pole to the south pole.
第１図において１は本発明の位置検出用磁石体であり、
本実施例にあっては長方形状の板体からなっている、そ
して磁石体１はその表面の一方をＮ極、他方をＳ極とし
て、また横方向の略中間をＮ極とＳ極との境界２とし、
第４図の左方に示されたごとくＮ極側の側縁から境界２
に至る磁石体１の磁束密度の変化を表わす変化特性１！
３が、減少方向に変化し、特にＯ近辺においては直線状
になるように着磁されており、そしてＳ極側の端縁から
境界２にかけての変化特性線３が、第４図の右方に示さ
れた如くマイナスからＯへ増加方向に変化し、特にＯ近
辺においては、直線状になるように着磁されてなるもの
である。In FIG. 1, 1 is a position detection magnet of the present invention,
In this embodiment, the magnet body 1 is made of a rectangular plate, and one of the surfaces of the magnet 1 is an N pole, the other is an S pole, and approximately the middle of the lateral direction is an N pole and an S pole. As boundary 2,
As shown on the left side of Figure 4, from the side edge on the N pole side to the boundary 2
Change characteristic 1 representing the change in magnetic flux density of magnet body 1 leading to !
3 changes in the decreasing direction, and is magnetized so that it becomes linear especially near O, and the change characteristic line 3 from the edge on the S pole side to the boundary 2 is on the right side of Fig. 4. As shown in , the magnetization changes from minus to O in an increasing direction, and is magnetized so that it becomes linear, especially near O.
つまり、Ｎ極側の端縁からＳ極側の端縁に亘って磁石体
１の磁束密度は、はぼ一定の傾斜を有してプラスからマ
イナスへ減少し、中間の境界２においてＯとなる。In other words, the magnetic flux density of the magnet 1 decreases from positive to negative with an almost constant slope from the edge on the N pole side to the edge on the S pole side, and reaches O at the middle boundary 2. .
第２図は１本発明の位置検出用磁石体の他の実施例であ
り、１片を切欠したリング状の板体からなる永久磁石で
ある。切欠した個所の一方をＮ極。FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the position detection magnet according to the present invention, which is a permanent magnet consisting of a ring-shaped plate with one piece cut out. One of the notched parts is the N pole.
他方をＳ極とし、前記切欠した個所と略対称位置にＮ極
とＳ極との境界２を有している。そして、前述の実施例
と同様に、Ｎ極側の端縁から境界２を経由してＳ極側の
端縁にかけてのその表面の磁束密度の変化を表わす変化
特性線３が、第４図に示すととくＯを含んでプラスから
マイナスへ変化し、特に中間部分においては直線状にな
るように着磁されてなるものである。The other is the south pole, and a boundary 2 between the north pole and the south pole is provided at a position substantially symmetrical to the cutout location. As in the previous embodiment, a change characteristic line 3 representing the change in the magnetic flux density on the surface from the N-pole side edge to the S-pole side edge via the boundary 2 is shown in FIG. Specifically, the magnet is magnetized so that it contains O and changes from positive to negative, particularly in the middle part, so that it becomes linear.
第３図は１本発明の他の実施例であり、同形の２つの三
角形の板体をそれぞれの頂点において接合した形状の磁
石体である。これは一方をＮ極。FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention, which is a magnet having a shape in which two triangular plates of the same shape are joined at their vertices. This has one side as N pole.
他方をＳ極、中間をＮ極とＳ極との境界２となるように
磁性体を−様な強磁場の中において、−時的に大電流を
流して着磁することにより容易に製造することができる
。そしてこの磁石体のＮ極側。Easily manufactured by magnetizing a magnetic material in a strong magnetic field such as - by temporarily passing a large current so that the other becomes the south pole and the middle becomes the boundary 2 between the north and south poles. be able to. And the N pole side of this magnet.
Ｓ極側が、横方向の一定変位量ごとの表面積が漸減そし
て漸増するため、Ｎ極からＳ極に至る磁束密度の変化特
性線３は第４図に示すごとくプラスからＯを含んでマイ
ナスへほぼ一定の傾斜を有して変化するものである。On the south pole side, the surface area gradually decreases and gradually increases for each fixed amount of displacement in the lateral direction, so the magnetic flux density change characteristic line 3 from the north pole to the south pole changes from positive to negative including O, as shown in Figure 4. It changes with a constant slope.
［発明の効果］
以上詳述のごとく、本発明の位置検出用磁石体によれば
、磁石体の一方部分から他方部分に至るまでの各距離に
対応する磁束密度の変化を表わす変化特性線が、直線状
になるべく磁石体を着磁しているので、磁気センサーを
この磁石体表面において移動させると、磁気センサーが
移動した距離に比例して、磁気センサーが従来のごとく
デジタルパルスでなく、アナログ量を出力することが可
能になり、これにより従来のパルスカウント方式のデジ
タル回路や演算回路等の大掛かりな信号処理手段を必要
とせずに極めて簡単に正確な位置検出、及びそれに伴う
正確な位置制御を行うことができる位置検出手段を提供
できるものである。[Effects of the Invention] As detailed above, according to the position detection magnet of the present invention, a change characteristic line representing a change in magnetic flux density corresponding to each distance from one part of the magnet to the other part is formed. Since the magnet body is magnetized as linearly as possible, when the magnetic sensor is moved on the surface of this magnet body, the magnetic sensor generates analog pulses instead of digital pulses as in the past, in proportion to the distance the magnetic sensor moves. This enables extremely simple and accurate position detection and accompanying accurate position control without the need for large-scale signal processing means such as conventional pulse count digital circuits or arithmetic circuits. It is possible to provide a position detection means that can perform the following.
更に本発明の位置検出用磁石体にあっては、Ｎ極とＳ極
との境界に原点となるＯを有することから、従来のデジ
タル式、アナログ式を問わず全ての位置検出手段におい
て必要とされていた起点。Furthermore, since the position detecting magnet of the present invention has an origin O on the boundary between the north pole and the south pole, it is necessary for all position detecting means regardless of conventional digital or analog type. The starting point.
つまり相対的Ｏを設定する部材をまったく必要としない
ため、小型でしかも簡便であり、そして耐久性を有し正
確な位置検出を行うことができる位置検出手段を提供す
ることが可能となり、比較的低価格であってスペース的
に余裕がない位置検出の必要性を有する各種製品にあっ
ても、前述の優れた諸特性を有する位置検出手段を配備
することができるものである。In other words, since no member for setting the relative O is required, it is possible to provide a position detection means that is small, simple, durable, and capable of accurate position detection, and is relatively Even in various low-priced products that require position detection for which space is scarce, the position detection means having the above-mentioned excellent characteristics can be provided.
第１図は本発明の位置検出用磁石体の一実施例を示す斜
視図、第２図、第３図は本発明の他の実施例を示す斜視
図、第４図は本発明の位置検出用磁石体のＮ極からＳ極
に至るまでの各距離に対する磁束密度の変化を示す特性
グラフである。
１・・・位置検出用磁石体、２・・・境界。
３・・・変化特性線FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of a position detection magnet according to the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 3 are perspective views showing other embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a position detection magnet according to the present invention. It is a characteristic graph which shows the change of magnetic flux density with respect to each distance from the N pole to the S pole of the magnet body. 1... Magnet for position detection, 2... Boundary. 3...Change characteristic line
Claims (5)
密度量を増方向若しくは減方向に変化せしめるべく着磁
された磁石体において、前記磁石体の一方部分から他方
部分に至るまでの各距離に対する磁束密度の変化を表わ
す変化特性線にあっては、少なくともその一部に直線状
部分が存在すべく着磁されてなることを特徴とする位置
検出用磁石体。(1) In a magnet body that is magnetized to increase or decrease the amount of magnetic flux density from one part of the magnet body to the other part, each part of the magnet body from one part to the other part 1. A position detection magnet, characterized in that it is magnetized so that a linear portion exists in at least a portion of a change characteristic line representing a change in magnetic flux density with respect to distance.
とし磁束密度がＯとなる境界を有することを特徴とする
請求項１記載の位置検出用磁石体。(2) The magnet for position detection according to claim 1, characterized in that one part of one surface of the magnet has a north pole and the other part has a south pole and has a boundary where the magnetic flux density is O.
記載の位置検出用磁石体。(3) Claim 1, characterized in that the magnet body is a plate-shaped body.
The described position detection magnet.
とを特徴とする請求項１記載の位置検出用磁石体。(4) The position detection magnet according to claim 1, wherein the magnet is a ring-shaped plate with a portion cut out.
れぞれの頂点を接合した形状としたことを特徴とする請
求項１記載の位置検出用磁石体。(5) The position detecting magnet according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnet has a shape in which the vertices of each plate member made of two similar triangles are joined.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31567688A JPH02161310A (en) | 1988-12-14 | 1988-12-14 | Magnet body for detecting position |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31567688A JPH02161310A (en) | 1988-12-14 | 1988-12-14 | Magnet body for detecting position |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02161310A true JPH02161310A (en) | 1990-06-21 |
Family
ID=18068227
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31567688A Pending JPH02161310A (en) | 1988-12-14 | 1988-12-14 | Magnet body for detecting position |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02161310A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002174532A (en) * | 2000-12-07 | 2002-06-21 | Sensatec Co Ltd | Contactless variable voltage device |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4866866A (en) * | 1971-12-15 | 1973-09-13 | ||
| JPS62229002A (en) * | 1986-03-31 | 1987-10-07 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Position detector |
| JPS63145903A (en) * | 1986-12-10 | 1988-06-18 | Fujitsu Ltd | Rotary positioner |
-
1988
- 1988-12-14 JP JP31567688A patent/JPH02161310A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4866866A (en) * | 1971-12-15 | 1973-09-13 | ||
| JPS62229002A (en) * | 1986-03-31 | 1987-10-07 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Position detector |
| JPS63145903A (en) * | 1986-12-10 | 1988-06-18 | Fujitsu Ltd | Rotary positioner |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002174532A (en) * | 2000-12-07 | 2002-06-21 | Sensatec Co Ltd | Contactless variable voltage device |
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