JPH02153700A - Speaker unit - Google Patents

Speaker unit

Info

Publication number
JPH02153700A
JPH02153700A JP63307383A JP30738388A JPH02153700A JP H02153700 A JPH02153700 A JP H02153700A JP 63307383 A JP63307383 A JP 63307383A JP 30738388 A JP30738388 A JP 30738388A JP H02153700 A JPH02153700 A JP H02153700A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
cabinet
duct
speaker unit
frequency
speaker device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP63307383A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Toshiji Takahashi
利治 高橋
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP63307383A priority Critical patent/JPH02153700A/en
Publication of JPH02153700A publication Critical patent/JPH02153700A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To extend a reproducing band area in a low-pass area and to impress input of the same degree as that of a hermetically sealed type speaker unit by loading one end of a duct longer than the half-wavelength of a resonance frequency at the time of mounting a speaker unit at a hermetically sealed type cabinet on the cabinet, and coupling the inside with the outside of the cabinet. CONSTITUTION:A hole 6 is provided at part of the cabinet 5, and the inside and the outside of the cabinet 5 are coupled after loading a duct 7 on the hole 6, and furthermore, the duct 7 is arranged outside the cabinet 5. The length of the duct 7 is set longer than the half-wavelength of the resonance frequency foc in the case of using the hermetically sealed type cabinet as the cabinet 5. By employing such constitution, the length of the duct 7 is remarkably increased, and large equivalent mass for the duct 7 can be obtained, and the Helmholtz resonance frequency fob of the cabinet 5 having the duct 7 can be suppressed less than 20Hz that is the lower limit of an audible threshold frequency. In such way, it is possible to increase reproducing sound pressure higher than that of a bass-reflex type speaker device in a low frequency area and to impress large input with the degree equivalent to that of the hermetically sealed type speaker unit.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明はテレビジョン受像機や自動車、または音響機器
に利用されるスピーカ装置に関するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a speaker device used in television receivers, automobiles, or audio equipment.

従来の技術 従来からバスレフ型スピーカ装置が一般に利用されてき
た。以下に従来のスピーカ装置について説明する。第5
図は従来のバスレフ型スピーカ装置の構造断面を示すも
のである。同図においてキャビネット1の前面にはダク
ト2が設けられており、このダクト2によりキャビネッ
ト1の内部と外部が結合されている。そして、キャビネ
ット1にはスピーカユニット3が取り付けられた構造に
なっていた。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Bass reflex speaker devices have been commonly used in the past. A conventional speaker device will be explained below. Fifth
The figure shows a structural cross section of a conventional bass reflex type speaker device. In the figure, a duct 2 is provided on the front surface of a cabinet 1, and the duct 2 connects the inside and outside of the cabinet 1. The cabinet 1 had a structure in which a speaker unit 3 was attached.

つぎに、上記のように構成されたスピーカ装置の動作に
ついて説明する。まず、ダクト2を持ったキャビネット
1のへルムホルツの共鳴周波数は101)=1/2πJ
ゴフ/m丁で与えられる。ここで、Scはキャビネット
1の等価スチフネス、”lはダクト2の等髄質量である
。このヘルムホルツの共鳴周波数10bより高い周波数
領域では、スピーカユニット3の振動板背面から放出さ
れた音がダクト2を通過すると位相が反転する。その音
がスピーカユニット3の振動板前面から放出された音と
同位相になって重なり合って再生音になる。このため、
バスレフ型スピーカ装置の低音再生限界周波数は密閉型
よりも低くなる。
Next, the operation of the speaker device configured as described above will be explained. First, the Helmholtz resonance frequency of cabinet 1 with duct 2 is 101) = 1/2πJ
It is given in Goff/m. Here, Sc is the equivalent stiffness of the cabinet 1, and l is the equimedullary mass of the duct 2.In a frequency range higher than the Helmholtz resonance frequency 10b, the sound emitted from the back of the diaphragm of the speaker unit 3 is transmitted through the duct 2. When passing through, the phase is reversed.The sound is in the same phase as the sound emitted from the front of the diaphragm of the speaker unit 3, and overlaps to become the reproduced sound.For this reason,
The bass reproduction limit frequency of a bass reflex type speaker device is lower than that of a closed type speaker device.

発明が解決しようとする課題 しかしながら上記従来の構成では、ヘルムホルツの共鳴
周波数Job以下の領域においてスピーカユニット3の
振動板背面から放出された音は、ダクト2を通っても位
相が反転しないので、振動板前面から放出された音と逆
相になっており、各々の音が干渉し消滅してしまう。こ
のため、ヘルムホルツの共鳴周波数Job以下の領域で
は再生音圧が激減してしまい、前記共鳴周波数fOb以
下の音が再生できないという課題があった。また、密閉
型スピーカ装置と比較するとバスレフ型はへルムホルツ
の共鳴周波数以下の領域で、スピーカユニット3の振動
板の振幅が大きくなるため、スピーカ装置に大きな入力
を印加できないという欠点もあった。
Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the above-mentioned conventional configuration, the phase of the sound emitted from the rear surface of the diaphragm of the speaker unit 3 in the region below the Helmholtz resonance frequency Job is not reversed even if it passes through the duct 2, so the vibration The sound is in reverse phase with the sound emitted from the front of the board, and each sound interferes and disappears. For this reason, there is a problem in that the reproduced sound pressure is drastically reduced in the region below the Helmholtz resonance frequency Job, and the sound below the resonance frequency fOb cannot be reproduced. Furthermore, compared to a closed-type speaker device, the bass reflex type has a drawback in that the amplitude of the diaphragm of the speaker unit 3 becomes large in the region below the Helmholtz resonance frequency, so that a large input cannot be applied to the speaker device.

そこで本発明は、周波数の低い領域で、バスレフ型スピ
ーカ装置よシも再生音圧が高く、しかも密閉型スピーカ
装置と同程度の大きな入力を印加することができる優れ
だスピーカ装置を提供するものである。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the present invention provides an excellent speaker device that has higher reproduction sound pressure than a bass reflex type speaker device in the low frequency range, and can also apply an input as large as that of a closed-type speaker device. be.

課題を解決するだめの手段 この課題を解決するために本発明のスピーカ装置は、密
閉型のキャビネットにスピーカユニットを取り付けたと
きの低音共振周波数の半波長よりも長いダクトをキャビ
ネットに孔を設けて装着することにより、キャビネット
の内部と外部を結合し、しかも前記ダクトをキャビネッ
トの外部に配置させた構成を有している。
Means for Solving the Problem In order to solve this problem, the speaker device of the present invention has a duct that is longer than half the wavelength of the bass resonant frequency when the speaker unit is installed in a closed cabinet by providing a hole in the cabinet. When installed, the inside and outside of the cabinet are connected, and the duct is arranged outside the cabinet.

作用 この構成にすると、ダクトの長さは非常に長くなり、ダ
クトの等髄質量が大きく、このダクトを有するキャビネ
ットのへルムホルツの共鳴周波数jobは可聴限界周波
数の下限である20H2よりも低くなる。このため、本
発明のスピーカ装置の動作は密閉型とほぼ同じ動作とな
り、可聴周波数領域ではバスレフ型にみられるスピーカ
ユニットの振動板の前面から放出された音と背面から放
出された音の干渉による減衰が無くなる。さらにスピー
カユニットの振動板の振幅の大きさが、密閉型とほぼ同
じとなり、バスレフ型よシも耐入力が大きくなる。しか
しながら、スピーカユニットの撮動板の背面から放出さ
れた音は、ダクトを通って外部に放出される。しかし、
この音はダクトを通過するのに必要な分だけ時間が遅れ
位相が変わることになる。つまり、ダクトの長さを半波
長とする周波数の音は、スピーカユニットの振動板前面
から放出された音と重なり合って再生音圧が高くなる。
Effect With this configuration, the length of the duct becomes very long, the isomedullary mass of the duct is large, and the Helmholtz resonance frequency job of a cabinet having this duct becomes lower than 20H2, which is the lower limit of the audible limit frequency. Therefore, the operation of the speaker device of the present invention is almost the same as that of a closed type, and in the audible frequency range, it is due to interference between the sound emitted from the front side of the diaphragm of the speaker unit and the sound emitted from the back side, as seen in bass reflex type speaker units. Attenuation disappears. Furthermore, the magnitude of the amplitude of the diaphragm of the speaker unit is almost the same as that of the closed type, and the input resistance of the bass reflex type is also increased. However, the sound emitted from the rear surface of the imaging plate of the speaker unit is emitted to the outside through the duct. but,
The time of this sound is delayed by the amount necessary for it to pass through the duct, and the phase changes. In other words, the sound with a frequency equal to half the wavelength of the duct overlaps with the sound emitted from the front surface of the diaphragm of the speaker unit, increasing the reproduced sound pressure.

このように、低域での特定周波数の再生音圧を高くする
ことができる。
In this way, the reproduction sound pressure of a specific frequency in the low range can be increased.

実施例 以下に本発明の一実施例について図面を参照しながら説
明する。
EXAMPLE An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

第1図は本発明の第一の実施例におけるスピーカ装置の
部分断面の斜視図である。同図において、4はスピーカ
ユニットでキャビネット5の内部に取り付けである。こ
のキャビネット5の一部に孔6を設け、この孔6にダク
ト7を装着してキャビネット6の内部と外部を結合し、
さらに前記ダクト7はキャビネット6の外部に配置する
。つぎに、ダクト了の長さについて説明する。ダクト7
の長さは、キャビネット5が密閉型の場合の低音共振周
波数fOcの半波長よりも長くすることが必要である。
FIG. 1 is a partially sectional perspective view of a speaker device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 4 is a speaker unit installed inside the cabinet 5. A hole 6 is provided in a part of this cabinet 5, and a duct 7 is installed in this hole 6 to connect the inside and outside of the cabinet 6,
Further, the duct 7 is arranged outside the cabinet 6. Next, the length of the duct will be explained. Duct 7
It is necessary that the length of is longer than the half wavelength of the bass resonance frequency fOc when the cabinet 5 is a closed type.

つまり、ダクト7の長さLはL>C/2・focの条件
を満足する長さである。但し、Cは音速を示す0 以上のように構成されたスピーカ装置について、以下そ
の動作を説明する。
That is, the length L of the duct 7 is a length that satisfies the condition L>C/2·foc. However, C indicates the speed of sound. The operation of the speaker device configured as above will be described below.

まず、ダクト7を持つキャビネット6のへルムホルツの
共鳴周波数fObは一般に数ヘルツとなり、可聴限界周
波数の下限20H2をはるかに下回っている。これによ
り、バスレフ型で問題になるヘルムホルツの共鳴周波数
以下の領域で発生するスピーカユニット4の振動板の前
面から放出された音と背面から放出された音の干渉によ
る減衰は可聴限界外で起こり、問題はなくなる。そして
、可聴周波数領域では、スピーカユニット4の撮動板の
振幅の大きさも密閉型と同じとなり、一般のバスレフ型
よりも大きな入力を印加することができるようになる。
First, the Helmholtz resonance frequency fOb of the cabinet 6 with the duct 7 is generally several hertz, which is far below the lower limit of the audible limit frequency 20H2. As a result, the attenuation due to the interference between the sound emitted from the front side of the diaphragm of the speaker unit 4 and the sound emitted from the back side, which occurs in the region below the Helmholtz resonance frequency, which is a problem with the bass reflex type, occurs outside the audible limit. The problem will go away. In the audible frequency range, the magnitude of the amplitude of the imaging plate of the speaker unit 4 is also the same as that of the closed type, making it possible to apply a larger input than a general bass reflex type.

また、スピーカユニット4の振動板背面から放出された
音は、ダクト7を通過する時間遅れて外部に放射される
。ダクト7の長さをLdとすると、周波数f=C/2・
Ld(但し、Cは音速)で、スピーカユニット4の振動
板前面から放出された音とダクト7から放射される音は
同位相になって重なり合い再生音圧が高くなる。第2図
に本発明のスピーカ装置と従来のバスレフ型スピーカ装
置の音圧周波数特性を示す。第2図に実線で示した特性
ムは本発明のスピーカ装置のもので、ダクト7には内径
scm、長さ160cmのものを装着した。スピーカユ
ニット4の口径は10C[11で、キャビネット60寸
法は幅15cm、高さ15CI11゜奥行10Cmであ
る。このキャビネット6に、ダクト7を取り去り、長さ
5cmのダクトを取り付けた一般のバスレフ型は、図中
−点鎖線で示した特性Bである。両者を比較すると周波
数60Hz〜120H!の低音域での音圧が、本発明の
スピーカ装置が高くなっている。参考までに密閉型の場
合は、図中破線で示した特性Cである。
Further, the sound emitted from the back surface of the diaphragm of the speaker unit 4 is emitted to the outside after passing through the duct 7. If the length of the duct 7 is Ld, the frequency f=C/2・
Ld (where C is the speed of sound), the sound emitted from the front surface of the diaphragm of the speaker unit 4 and the sound emitted from the duct 7 are in phase and overlap, increasing the reproduced sound pressure. FIG. 2 shows the sound pressure frequency characteristics of the speaker device of the present invention and a conventional bass reflex type speaker device. The characteristics shown by solid lines in FIG. 2 are those of the speaker device of the present invention, and the duct 7 was equipped with a speaker device having an inner diameter of scm and a length of 160 cm. The diameter of the speaker unit 4 is 10C [11], and the dimensions of the cabinet 60 are width 15 cm, height 15 CI 11 degrees, and depth 10 cm. A general bass reflex type cabinet in which the duct 7 is removed and a 5 cm long duct is attached to the cabinet 6 has characteristic B shown by the dashed line in the figure. Comparing the two, the frequency is 60Hz ~ 120H! The speaker device of the present invention has a higher sound pressure in the bass range. For reference, in the case of a closed type, characteristic C is indicated by a broken line in the figure.

以上のように本実施例によれば、長いダクト7の一端を
キャビネット6に装着し、前記ダクト7をキャビネット
6の外部に配置することにより、低域での再生音圧が高
く、しかも、大きな入力を印加することができる。
As described above, according to this embodiment, one end of the long duct 7 is attached to the cabinet 6, and the duct 7 is placed outside the cabinet 6, so that the reproduced sound pressure in the low range is high, and Input can be applied.

つぎに、本発明の第二の実施例について図面を参照しな
がら説明する。第3図は本発明の第二の実施例を示すス
ピーカ装置の部分断面の斜視図である。同図において、
4はスピーカユニット、5はキャビネットで、以上は第
1図の構成と同じである。第1図の構成と異なるのは、
キャビネット5に孔を6ともう一箇所膜け、各々に長さ
の異なるダクト8と9を装着し、ダクト8は途中から分
岐したダクト10を備えている点である。
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is a partially sectional perspective view of a speaker device showing a second embodiment of the present invention. In the same figure,
4 is a speaker unit, 5 is a cabinet, and the above structure is the same as that shown in FIG. The difference from the configuration in Figure 1 is that
A hole 6 and another hole are formed in the cabinet 5, and ducts 8 and 9 of different lengths are attached to each hole, and the duct 8 is provided with a duct 10 branching from the middle.

但し、上記ダク)8,9.10は、全てキャビネット6
の外部に配置されており、しかも、キャビネット6のダ
クト結合端から終端までのダクトの長さは、最長のダク
トでキャビネット5が密閉型の場合の低音共振周波数の
半波長より長く設定されている。
However, the above ducts) 8, 9, and 10 are all cabinet 6.
Moreover, the length of the duct from the duct connection end of cabinet 6 to the termination end is set to be longer than the half wavelength of the bass resonance frequency when the longest duct is the cabinet 5 of a closed type. .

以上のように構成されたスピーカ装置の動作について説
明する。まず、ダク)8,9.10を持つキャビネット
5のへルムホルッの共鳴周波数は、可聴限界周波数の下
限を下回っており、スピーカユニット4の振動板の前面
と背面から放出された音が干渉によシ減衰するという問
題は可聴周波数領域外のものとなる。さらに、可聴周波
数領域でのスピーカユニット4の振動板の振幅も密閉型
の場合と同程度になり、バスレフ型よりも大きな入力を
印加できる。
The operation of the speaker device configured as above will be explained. First, the Helmholt resonant frequency of the cabinet 5 with the duct) 8, 9.10 is below the lower limit of the audible frequency, and the sound emitted from the front and back of the diaphragm of the speaker unit 4 is due to interference. The problem of attenuation lies outside the audio frequency range. Furthermore, the amplitude of the diaphragm of the speaker unit 4 in the audible frequency range is about the same as that of the closed type, and a larger input can be applied than that of the bass reflex type.

また、スピーカユニット4の振動板背面から放出された
音は、ダク)8,9.10を通過して外部に放射される
Further, the sound emitted from the rear surface of the diaphragm of the speaker unit 4 passes through the ducts 8, 9 and 10 and is radiated to the outside.

しかし、ひとつのダクトでは、その長さに対応する特定
周波数の再生音圧だけが高くなり、山なりの特性になっ
てしまう。ところが、本実施例では、ひとつのダクトだ
けでは山なりの特性になるので、その場合の特性が谷に
なる周波数に対応する長さの別のダクトを装着すること
によシ、低域の再生音圧特性を平坦にするものである。
However, in a single duct, only the reproduced sound pressure of a specific frequency corresponding to the length of the duct increases, resulting in a peak-like characteristic. However, in this example, since the characteristics of only one duct will become peaks, it is possible to improve low-frequency reproduction by installing another duct with a length corresponding to the frequency where the characteristics in that case become troughs. This flattens the sound pressure characteristics.

つまり、異なる長さのダクトを複数個装着することによ
り、山なりの特性が連なった状態になるので音圧特性が
平坦化される。このスピーカ装置の音圧周波数特性を第
4図に示す。この特性と第2図の本発明の第一の実施例
の特性人と比較すると低域での特性が平坦化され、しか
も再生音圧が高まっていることがわかる。
In other words, by installing a plurality of ducts of different lengths, the sound pressure characteristics are flattened because the mountainous characteristics become continuous. The sound pressure frequency characteristics of this speaker device are shown in FIG. Comparing this characteristic with the characteristic of the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 2, it can be seen that the characteristic in the low range is flattened and the reproduced sound pressure is increased.

以上のように、キャビネット6に長さの異なる複数個の
ダク)8.9.10を装着することによシ、低域での再
生音圧が高く、しかも平坦な特性を得ることができる。
As described above, by installing a plurality of ducts (8, 9, 10) of different lengths in the cabinet 6, it is possible to obtain high reproduction sound pressure in the low range and flat characteristics.

なお、実施例においてダクトはチューブ状の図を描いた
が、格子の連続のダクトであってもよいし、ダクトの断
面積が変化するようなものであってもよい。また、実施
例は、ダクトを全てキャビネットの外部に配置したが、
ダクトの一部をキャビネット内部に配置してもよい。
In the embodiment, the duct is shown as a tube, but it may be a continuous lattice duct, or the duct may have a variable cross-sectional area. In addition, in the example, all the ducts were placed outside the cabinet, but
Part of the duct may be placed inside the cabinet.

発明の効果 以上のように本発明は密閉型のキャビネットにスピーカ
ユニットを取シ付けたときの低音共振周波数の半波長よ
りも長いダクトの一端をキャビネットに装着して、キャ
ビネットの内部と外部を結合することにより、低域の再
生帯域を拡大し、しかも密閉型と同程度の大きな入力を
印加することができる優れたスピーカ装置を実現できる
ものである。
Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention connects the inside and outside of the cabinet by attaching to the cabinet one end of a duct that is longer than half the wavelength of the bass resonance frequency when a speaker unit is installed in a closed cabinet. By doing so, it is possible to realize an excellent speaker device that can expand the low-frequency reproduction band and apply an input as large as that of a closed type.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明の第一の実施例におけるスピーカ装置の
部分断面斜視図、第2図は同スピーカ装置と従来例の音
圧周波数特性図、第3図は本発明の第二の実施例におけ
る部分断面斜視図、第4図は同スピーカ装置の音圧周波
数特性図、第5図は従来のスピーカ装置の断面図である
。 4・・・・・・スピーカユニット、5・・・・・・キャ
ビネット、6・・・・・孔、?、8,9.10・・・・
・・ダクト。 代理人の氏名 弁理士 粟 野 重 孝 ほか1名図 □眉浪収、[Hz ] 同情、Ij[Hz〕
FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of a speaker device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sound pressure frequency characteristic diagram of the same speaker device and a conventional example, and FIG. 3 is a diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a sound pressure frequency characteristic diagram of the same speaker device, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a conventional speaker device. 4...Speaker unit, 5...Cabinet, 6...hole, ? , 8, 9, 10...
··duct. Name of agent: Patent attorney Shigetaka Awano and 1 other figure □ Maya Nami, [Hz] Sympathy, Ij [Hz]

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)密閉型のキャビネットにスピーカユニットを取り
付けたときの低音共鳴周波数の半波長よりも長いダクト
の一端をキャビネットに孔を設けて装着してキャビネッ
トの内部と外部を結合し、しかも前記ダクトをキャビネ
ットの外側に配置したスピーカ装置。
(1) One end of the duct, which is longer than half the wavelength of the bass resonant frequency when the speaker unit is installed in a closed cabinet, is installed in the cabinet through a hole to connect the inside and outside of the cabinet. A speaker device placed outside the cabinet.
(2)長さの異なる複数個のダクトをキャビネットに孔
を設けて取り付けた請求項1記載のスピーカ装置。
(2) The speaker device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of ducts having different lengths are installed by providing holes in the cabinet.
JP63307383A 1988-12-05 1988-12-05 Speaker unit Pending JPH02153700A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63307383A JPH02153700A (en) 1988-12-05 1988-12-05 Speaker unit

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63307383A JPH02153700A (en) 1988-12-05 1988-12-05 Speaker unit

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH02153700A true JPH02153700A (en) 1990-06-13

Family

ID=17968393

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP63307383A Pending JPH02153700A (en) 1988-12-05 1988-12-05 Speaker unit

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH02153700A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009510856A (en) * 2005-09-28 2009-03-12 ダイムラー・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト Automotive speaker system using a cavity formed by a support structure
WO2017037805A1 (en) * 2015-08-28 2017-03-09 パイオニア株式会社 Speaker system for moving body

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009510856A (en) * 2005-09-28 2009-03-12 ダイムラー・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト Automotive speaker system using a cavity formed by a support structure
WO2017037805A1 (en) * 2015-08-28 2017-03-09 パイオニア株式会社 Speaker system for moving body

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