JPH02142574A - Tube for trachea - Google Patents

Tube for trachea

Info

Publication number
JPH02142574A
JPH02142574A JP29551588A JP29551588A JPH02142574A JP H02142574 A JPH02142574 A JP H02142574A JP 29551588 A JP29551588 A JP 29551588A JP 29551588 A JP29551588 A JP 29551588A JP H02142574 A JPH02142574 A JP H02142574A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
cuff
tube
pressure
gas
tracheal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP29551588A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH07108317B2 (en
Inventor
Noboru Sato
暢 佐藤
Toshihisa Hasegawa
長谷川 敏久
Toshiki Yoshida
俊樹 吉田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nissho Corp
Original Assignee
Nissho Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nissho Corp filed Critical Nissho Corp
Priority to JP29551588A priority Critical patent/JPH07108317B2/en
Publication of JPH02142574A publication Critical patent/JPH02142574A/en
Publication of JPH07108317B2 publication Critical patent/JPH07108317B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the deformation and dislocation of a cuff by providing a second cuff on the outer wall of a tube in such a manner that the top end side enclosing a cuff is nearly mated with the top end of said cuff, and providing an air hole communicating the inner part of the tube and the second cuff. CONSTITUTION:An inner cuff (trachea sealing cuff) 5 situated near the top end of an intratracheal tube 1 inserted into the trachea is expanded when a gas is injected through a cuff expanding tube 6, and closely adheres an outer cuff (tracheal inner pressure interlocking expansion cuff) 4 to a tracheal inner wall 7 to seal between the trachea and the intratracheal tube 1. As the tracheal inner pressure interlocking expansion cuff 4 is communicated with an intratracheal gas passage 2, it is expanded and contracted according to the increase and decrease of gas pressure in the gas passage 2. Namely, as the gas pressure in the gas vessel 2 is increased, the gas in the gas passage 2 is run into from a tracheal inner pressure inlet port 3, so that the tracheal inner pressure interlocking expansion cuff 4 is expanded, and the tracheal inner pressure at that time prevents the dislocation of the cuff by the submission to the tracheal inner wall of a patient.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は医療用または獣医用の気管内チューブおよび気
管切開チューブ(以、下、総称して気管用チューブとい
う)に関する。さらに詳しくは、口枠または鼻腔または
気管切開口から気管内に挿管し、人工呼吸機器と肺とを
結んで人工呼吸に用いるためのカフ付気管用チューブに
関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to endotracheal tubes and tracheostomy tubes (hereinafter collectively referred to as tracheal tubes) for medical or veterinary use. More specifically, the present invention relates to a cuffed tracheal tube for use in artificial respiration by intubating the trachea through the mouth frame, nasal cavity, or tracheostomy opening and connecting an artificial respiration device to the lungs.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

人などの気管に挿入されて換気に使用されるカフ付気管
内チューブのカフは、食道などからの嘔吐物などが気管
内に侵入するのを防ぎ、かつ当該チューブを接続して間
歇的陽圧呼吸などをする場合における換気を充分に行い
ながら然も気管壁との隙間からのガスの漏れを防ぐこと
ができるように、気管内壁と気管内チューブとの間を気
密に保つために使用されるものであるが、従来のカフ付
気管内チューブでは、人工呼吸器に接続して患者の呼吸
管理を行った場合、肺のコンプライアンスが減少した時
など人工呼吸器から送気する吸気用のガス圧力を、通常
のカフ内圧の数倍も高くすることが必要となってくるた
めに、所望の圧力で気管内壁に軽く密着して気密性を保
っているべきカフ付気管内チューブのカフが、気道の肺
側と喉咽頭側との間の圧力差によって変形し、陽圧人工
呼吸のたびにずれて、ついにはそのカフと気管−壁の気
密性も損なわれて送気ガスの漏れによる換気量不足を生
じたり気管内チューブの移動を来したりして重大な結果
を招来することがあった。
The cuff of a cuffed endotracheal tube inserted into a person's trachea and used for ventilation prevents vomit from entering the trachea from the esophagus, etc., and also provides intermittent positive pressure by connecting the tube. It is used to maintain airtightness between the inner wall of the trachea and the endotracheal tube so that gas can be sufficiently ventilated when breathing, etc., while also preventing gas from leaking from the gap with the tracheal wall. However, when a conventional cuffed endotracheal tube is connected to a ventilator to manage the patient's breathing, the inspiratory gas delivered from the ventilator may be interrupted when lung compliance decreases. Since it is necessary to increase the pressure several times higher than the normal internal cuff pressure, the cuff of the cuffed endotracheal tube, which should lightly adhere to the inner wall of the trachea and maintain airtightness at the desired pressure, The airway is deformed due to the pressure difference between the lung side and the laryngopharynx side, and it shifts with each positive pressure ventilation, and eventually the airtightness between the cuff and the trachea-wall is compromised, resulting in ventilation due to leakage of insufflated gas. This can lead to serious consequences such as insufficient volume or movement of the endotracheal tube.

これを防ぐための方策として、予めカフの内圧を必要な
最高気道内圧よりもかなり高くまで上げておく方法もあ
るが、この方法を行うと、カフの気管内壁に対する圧迫
圧力の恒常的な上昇を伴うために、気管内壁の毛細血管
を圧迫して血流を阻害し、カフとの接触部分の粘膜細胞
に機能障害を残したり、時には壊死に到らしめることが
あった。この問題を解決するために、必要な時、すなわ
ち肺内圧が上昇した時にはカフ圧も上昇させ、肺内圧が
低下した時にはカフ圧も必要最低限にまで低下させるこ
とが出来れば、カフ圧の上昇に伴って気管内壁が一時的
に圧迫されて毛細血管内の血流が阻害されても、呼気相
中には肺および気道内圧の象2激な低下が生じるのでカ
フ圧も低下し、気管内壁の毛細血管の血流も改善されて
気管内壁に対する障害を防止することが出来るものとの
考えのちとに、カフ付気管内チューブに連結して使用す
るカフ−トローラ(米国レスビロニクス社製、商品名)
や、呼吸圧重畳式カフ圧調整装置(特願昭6l−290
98)などの発明がなされている。
One way to prevent this is to raise the internal pressure of the cuff in advance to a level much higher than the required maximum airway pressure. This sometimes compresses the capillaries on the inner wall of the trachea, obstructing blood flow, leaving functional impairment in mucosal cells in contact with the cuff, and sometimes leading to necrosis. In order to solve this problem, if it is possible to increase the cuff pressure when necessary, that is, when the intrapulmonary pressure increases, and reduce the cuff pressure to the necessary minimum when the intrapulmonary pressure decreases, the cuff pressure can be increased. Even if the inner wall of the trachea is temporarily compressed and the blood flow in the capillaries is obstructed, the pressure inside the lungs and airways decreases sharply during the expiratory phase, so the cuff pressure also decreases, and the inner wall of the trachea Based on the idea that this would improve the blood flow in the capillaries and prevent damage to the inner wall of the trachea, we developed a cuff roller (manufactured by Resvironics, USA, product name: )
and breathing pressure superimposition type cuff pressure adjustment device (patent application 1986-290).
98) and other inventions have been made.

ここでカフ−トローラは、簡単に説明すれば、第2図に
示すように接続口(26)を有する小型のケース(21
)の中にスプリングで押された気嚢(23)を気密に配
置したものであり、気II(23)には逆止弁(25)
を備えたガス注入口(24)および、気管内チューブ(
T)のカフ(C)と連結する接続口(27)が形成され
ている。この接続口(27)とカフ(C)とを接続して
おき、使用時にガス注入口(24)からガスを注入する
と、カフ(C)と連通されでいる気嚢(23)も膨張す
るためにスプリング(22)が押されるが、このスプリ
ング(22)の押し圧力は、カフ(C)の所望の圧力付
近に見合う力となるよう作られているので、所望のカフ
圧におけるスプリング(22)の押し圧力は、このスプ
リング(22)の動作行程内に収まるようになっており
、一方小型ケース(21)の接続口(26)を気管内チ
ューブ(T)の気道内に連通しておくことによって、そ
の気道内の圧力変化を気嚢(23)に伝達するので、気
管内チューブ(T)の所望のカフ圧に気道内圧が付加さ
れる。しかしながらこの方法は、使い捨てにしては高価
な装置の装着による価格の上昇が問題である。
Here, the cuff roller is a small case (21) having a connection port (26) as shown in FIG.
) is airtightly arranged with an air bladder (23) pressed by a spring, and a check valve (25) is installed in the air II (23).
a gas inlet (24) with an endotracheal tube (
A connection port (27) is formed to connect with the cuff (C) of T). This connection port (27) and the cuff (C) are connected, and when gas is injected from the gas inlet (24) during use, the air sac (23) communicating with the cuff (C) also expands. The spring (22) is pushed, but the pushing force of this spring (22) is made to be a force corresponding to the desired pressure of the cuff (C), so the spring (22) is pushed at the desired cuff pressure. The pushing force is kept within the operating stroke of this spring (22), and on the other hand, by communicating the connection port (26) of the small case (21) with the airway of the endotracheal tube (T). , transmits the pressure change in the airway to the air sac (23), so that the airway pressure is added to the desired cuff pressure of the endotracheal tube (T). However, this method has a problem in that the cost increases due to the installation of an expensive device that is disposable.

また、呼吸圧重畳式カフ圧調整装置は、医療用のガス配
管の酸素ガスや圧縮空気を動力源として、カフ圧力に気
道内圧を上乗せする装置を駆使した方法であるが、動力
源としてガス圧力を利用しているために、圧力ガスが無
いところでは使用することが出来なかった。
In addition, the respiratory pressure superimposition type cuff pressure adjustment device is a method that uses oxygen gas or compressed air from medical gas piping as a power source to add airway internal pressure to the cuff pressure. Because it uses gas, it could not be used in areas without pressurized gas.

そこで本出願人は上記の問題を解決するために、従来の
カフ付気管用チューブにおいて、カフの内部にカフ膨張
用チューブと連通しない第2のカフを独立して設けると
ともに、該第2のカフに取り巻かれたチューブの管壁部
分に、チューブ内と該第2のカフ内とを連通ずる単数ま
たは複数の通気孔を設けた二重カフ付気管用チューブを
提案している(特開昭63−229064号、同63−
229065号、特願昭62−234265号)。
Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present applicant independently provided a second cuff inside the cuff that does not communicate with the cuff inflation tube in the conventional cuffed tracheal tube, and proposed a double-cuffed tracheal tube in which one or more ventilation holes are provided in the wall of the tube surrounding the tube to communicate the inside of the tube with the inside of the second cuff (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63 -229064, 63-
No. 229065, Japanese Patent Application No. 62-234265).

[発明が解決しうとする課題〕 しかしながら、前記の二重カフ付気管用チューブは、気
道内圧力が高くなるときカフを膨張させる力と逆に外か
らカフを抑える力が働くので、これを用いて人工的に呼
吸を行わせる時の吸気時の圧力に対してチューブが圧し
戻されないようにするという効果を充分に発揮するもの
ではなかった。
[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the double-cuffed tracheal tube described above, when the airway pressure increases, a force that inflates the cuff is opposed to a force that suppresses the cuff from the outside, so it is difficult to use the double-cuffed tracheal tube. However, the effect of preventing the tube from being compressed back against the pressure during inhalation during artificial respiration was not sufficiently exhibited.

本発明は前記の二重カフ付気管用チューブの欠点を改良
するものであり、機構が簡単で安全性に優れ、かつカフ
付気管用チューブのカフを肺内圧に同期して確実に上昇
下降を行わしめながらも、常に必要最低限度に調節した
カフ圧しヘル以上を保ち、これに伴うカフの変形やずれ
の程度のより少ない経済的な気管用チューブを提供する
ことを目的とする。
The present invention improves the drawbacks of the double-cuffed tracheal tube, and has a simple mechanism and excellent safety, and also allows the cuff of the cuffed tracheal tube to be reliably raised and lowered in synchronization with intrapulmonary pressure. To provide an economical tracheal tube which always maintains cuff pressure adjusted to the minimum required level or above, and which reduces the degree of deformation and displacement of the cuff accompanying this.

〔問題点を解決するための手段〕[Means for solving problems]

本発明は上記の問題を解決するために、従来のカフ付気
管用チコーブにおいて、チューブの外壁にカフを包囲し
かつ先端側が該カフの先端と略一致するように第2の独
立したカフを設けるとともに、この第2のカフに包囲さ
れたチューブの外壁部分に、チューブ0内部と第2のカ
フを連通ずる単数または複数の通気孔を設けた構成を採
用している。
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a second independent cuff in the conventional cuffed tracheal tube so as to surround the cuff on the outer wall of the tube and have its distal end substantially coincident with the distal end of the cuff. At the same time, a configuration is adopted in which one or more ventilation holes are provided in the outer wall portion of the tube surrounded by the second cuff to communicate the inside of the tube 0 and the second cuff.

〔発明の作用) 本発明の気管用チューブは、上記の様に構成されている
ので第1図を用いて説明すると、気管内に挿入された気
管内チューブ(1)の先端近傍に位置する内側のカフ(
以下、気道シール用カッという)(5)は、カフ膨張用
チューブ(6)からガスが注入されると膨張して気管内
壁(7)に外側のカフ(以下、気管内圧連動膨張カッと
いう)(4)を密着させて気管と気管内チューブ(])
との間をシールする機能を有する。一方気管内圧連動膨
張カフ(4)は、気道内ガス通路(2)と連通している
のでガス通路(2)内のガス圧力の増減に応じて膨張収
縮する。すなわち、ガス通路(2)内のガス圧力が大き
くなると、気道内圧導入口(3)からガス通路(2)内
のガスが流入してくるので、気管内圧連動膨張カフ(4
)は膨張してその時の気道内圧に相当する圧力で患者な
どの気管内壁(7)を圧迫する。従って、高まった気管
内圧に負けてカフの位置がずれることはない。
[Function of the Invention] The tracheal tube of the present invention is constructed as described above, and will be explained using FIG. 1. cuff (
The airway sealing cuff (5) inflates when gas is injected from the cuff inflation tube (6) and attaches to the inner wall of the trachea (7) (hereinafter referred to as the tracheal pressure linked inflation cuff) (5). 4) Place the trachea and endotracheal tube in close contact (])
It has the function of sealing between the On the other hand, the intratracheal pressure-linked inflation cuff (4) communicates with the intratracheal gas passage (2), so it expands and contracts in response to increases and decreases in the gas pressure within the gas passage (2). That is, when the gas pressure in the gas passage (2) increases, the gas in the gas passage (2) flows in from the airway pressure inlet (3), so the tracheal pressure-linked inflation cuff (4)
) expands and presses the inner wall of the trachea (7) of the patient etc. with a pressure corresponding to the airway pressure at that time. Therefore, the position of the cuff will not shift due to increased intratracheal pressure.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

第1図は本発明の好ましい一実施例に係る気管用チュー
ブを示す図である。
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a tracheal tube according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

本発明の気管用チューブは、呼吸の管理を目的として患
者などの気管内へ挿入設置されるカフ付の気管用チュー
ブであって、その好適例として第1[Fに示すような気
管内チューブがある。第1図のものは気管内チューブ(
1)の先端近傍の外周に気管シール用カフ(5ンが気嚢
状に設置され、その気管シール用カフ(5)がさらに気
道内圧連動膨張カフ(4)で外部から気密に包み込まれ
る様に包囲されている。そして気管シール用カフ(5)
には気管内チューブ(1)の壁面に形成されたカフ膨張
用チューブ接続通路(8)を介して、ガスを注入したり
排出したりして気管シール用カフ(5〕を膨張したり縮
小させたりするカフ膨張用チューブ(6)が接続されて
おり、カフ(5)と気管用チューブ(1)の外壁とで形
成された気室(9)と連通している。一方気道内圧連動
膨張カフ(4)は気道シール用カフ(5)を包囲するよ
うに気管チューブ(1)の外壁に気嚢状に設けられてお
り、このカフ(4)とカフ(5)および気管チューブ(
1)の外壁とで形成される空間(II)はチューブ(1
)の外壁に形成された通気孔すなわち気道内圧導入口(
3)を介して気道内ガス通路(2)と連通しており、気
道内圧が高くなると、導入口(3)を通って気道内のガ
スが空間(11)内に導入されて気道内圧連動膨張カフ
(4)が膨張し、気管内壁(7)を圧迫するようになっ
ている。
The tracheal tube of the present invention is a cuffed tracheal tube that is inserted into the trachea of a patient etc. for the purpose of respiratory management. be. The one in Figure 1 is the endotracheal tube (
A tracheal sealing cuff (5) is installed in the shape of an air sac on the outer periphery near the tip of the tracheal sealing cuff (5), and the tracheal sealing cuff (5) is further surrounded by an airway pressure-linked inflation cuff (4) so as to be airtightly wrapped from the outside. and tracheal sealing cuff (5)
The tracheal sealing cuff (5) is inflated or contracted by injecting or expelling gas through a cuff inflation tube connection passage (8) formed on the wall of the endotracheal tube (1). A cuff inflation tube (6) is connected to the cuff and communicates with an air chamber (9) formed by the cuff (5) and the outer wall of the tracheal tube (1). (4) is provided in the shape of an air sac on the outer wall of the tracheal tube (1) so as to surround the airway sealing cuff (5).
The space (II) formed by the outer wall of the tube (1)
) is a vent hole formed on the outer wall of the airway pressure inlet (
3), and when the airway pressure increases, the gas in the airway is introduced into the space (11) through the inlet (3) and expands in conjunction with the airway pressure. The cuff (4) is inflated and presses against the inner wall of the trachea (7).

気管内チューブ(1)は可撓性樹脂のたとえば軟質塩化
ビニル樹脂やシリコーンゴム、ポリウレタンなどで形成
されており、適度の柔軟性と弾性とを有している。そし
て気管内チューブ(1)には、両端の開口した内径の大
きな気道内ガス通路(2)と、先端側(患者側)で閉塞
し基端側(操作者側)の適当な部分で開口した、内径の
小さなカフ膨張用チューブ接続通路(8)とが形成され
ており、気管内チューブ(1)の先端は気管に挿入し易
いようにベベルが形成され、この気管内チューブ(1)
の先端の近傍で気管シール用カフ(5)に包囲される部
分を除く気道内圧連動膨張カフ(5)に包囲される部分
に、気管内チューブ(1)の管壁の内外を連通ずる通気
孔としての単数または複数の小さな気道内圧導入口(3
)が穿設されている。尚、カフ膨張用チューブ接続通路
(8)は、先端側でチューブ(1)の外壁に穿設された
孔または溝などによって気管シール用カフ(5)の気室
(9)と連通している。
The endotracheal tube (1) is made of a flexible resin such as soft vinyl chloride resin, silicone rubber, or polyurethane, and has appropriate flexibility and elasticity. The endotracheal tube (1) has an airway gas passageway (2) with a large inner diameter that is open at both ends, and a gas passageway (2) that is closed at the distal end (patient side) and opened at an appropriate part on the proximal end (operator side). , a cuff inflation tube connection passage (8) with a small inner diameter is formed, and the tip of the endotracheal tube (1) is beveled to facilitate insertion into the trachea.
A ventilation hole that communicates the inside and outside of the tube wall of the endotracheal tube (1) in the part surrounded by the airway pressure-linked inflation cuff (5), excluding the part surrounded by the tracheal sealing cuff (5) near the tip of the endotracheal tube (1). One or more small airway pressure inlets (3
) are drilled. The cuff inflation tube connection passage (8) communicates with the air chamber (9) of the tracheal sealing cuff (5) through a hole or groove formed in the outer wall of the tube (1) on the distal end side. .

気道内圧連動膨張カフ(4)および気管シール用カフ(
5)は、可撓性樹脂たとえば軟質塩化ビニル樹脂やシリ
コーンゴム、ポリウレタンなどで円筒状に形成され、膨
らませた場合気嚢状薄膜になるように気管内チューブ(
1)の外周に配置形成されている。外側の気道内圧連動
膨張カフ(4)は気道内圧導入口(3)を介して気道内
ガス通路(2)と連通しており、気道内圧が気管チュー
ブ(1)挿着時の気道内圧よりも大きくなると膨張して
気管壁を圧迫し、気管と気管内チューブ(1)との間を
シールする機能を有している。
Airway pressure linked inflation cuff (4) and tracheal sealing cuff (
The endotracheal tube (5) is made of a flexible resin such as soft vinyl chloride resin, silicone rubber, polyurethane, etc., and is formed into a cylindrical shape so that it becomes an air sac-like thin film when inflated.
1) is arranged and formed on the outer periphery of. The outer airway pressure-linked inflation cuff (4) communicates with the airway gas passage (2) via the airway pressure inlet (3), and the airway pressure is lower than the airway pressure when the tracheal tube (1) is inserted. When it becomes large, it expands and presses the tracheal wall, and has the function of sealing between the trachea and the endotracheal tube (1).

カフ膨張用チューブ(6)は可撓性樹脂たとえば軟質塩
化ビニルやシリコーンゴム、ポリウレタン、ポリエチレ
ンなどで小径に形成されており、その−端はカフ膨張用
チューブ接続通路(8)に気密に接着固定される。カフ
膨張用チューブ(6)の他端はガス供給手段(図示され
ていない)との接続端であり、注射器の先端に接続可能
な形状に形成されるが、通常チューブ(6)の途中に気
管シール用カフ(5)の膨張状態を外から確認するため
のパイロ、ト・バルーン(10)が設けられている。
The cuff inflation tube (6) is made of a small diameter flexible resin such as soft vinyl chloride, silicone rubber, polyurethane, polyethylene, etc., and its lower end is airtightly adhesively fixed to the cuff inflation tube connection passage (8). be done. The other end of the cuff inflation tube (6) is the connection end to a gas supply means (not shown), and is formed in a shape that can be connected to the tip of a syringe. A pyro balloon (10) is provided for checking the inflated state of the sealing cuff (5) from the outside.

次に本発明の気管用チューブの利用例について説明する
Next, a usage example of the tracheal tube of the present invention will be explained.

必要に応じてカフ膨張用チューブ(6)によりガスを注
入排出して気管シール用カフ(5)の気密性を試験した
のち、その中のガスを排出して萎ませておいてから、気
管用チューブを患者などの気管内の所望の位置に挿入固
定する。それからカフ膨張用チューブ(6)を利用して
気管内壁に対する気管シール用カフ(6)の圧迫圧力が
所望の圧力になるまでガスを注入したのち、カフ膨張用
チューブ(6)を閉塞し、人工呼吸器など(図示されて
いない)に気管内チューブ(1)の基端部を接続し、間
歇式陽圧人工呼吸などでその患者などの呼吸管理を行う
。この場合自然呼吸で吸気相に相当する呼吸パターンは
加圧呼吸では機械的に呼吸ガスを加圧して肺内部へ押し
込む動作に当たる。従ってこの時には当然のことながら
肺内圧やこれに連通ずる気管内チューブ(1)の気道内
ガス通路(2)内のガス圧力が上昇する。
After testing the airtightness of the tracheal sealing cuff (5) by injecting and discharging gas through the cuff inflation tube (6) as necessary, expel the gas inside and deflate it. The tube is inserted and fixed at a desired position within the patient's trachea. Then, using the cuff inflation tube (6), gas is injected until the compression pressure of the tracheal sealing cuff (6) against the inner wall of the trachea reaches the desired pressure, and then the cuff inflation tube (6) is occluded and the artificial The proximal end of the endotracheal tube (1) is connected to a respirator (not shown), and the patient's breathing is managed using intermittent positive pressure artificial respiration. In this case, the breathing pattern that corresponds to the inspiratory phase in natural breathing corresponds to the action of mechanically pressurizing breathing gas and pushing it into the lungs in pressurized breathing. Therefore, at this time, as a matter of course, the intrapulmonary pressure and the gas pressure within the airway gas passage (2) of the endotracheal tube (1) that communicates with the intratracheal tube (1) increase.

気道内ガス通路(2)内のガス圧力が上昇して気道内圧
が気道内圧連動膨張カフ(4)の外側の気管内圧すなわ
ち膨張カフ(4)を外側から圧する圧力よりも大きくな
ると、気道内圧導入口(3〕から気道内のガスが流入し
てきて、気道内圧連動膨張カフ(4)はこの気道内ガス
の圧力で気管壁を圧迫する。
When the gas pressure in the airway gas passage (2) increases and the airway pressure becomes greater than the intratracheal pressure outside the airway pressure linked inflation cuff (4), that is, the pressure that presses the inflation cuff (4) from the outside, airway pressure is introduced. Gas in the airway flows in from the mouth (3), and the airway pressure-linked inflation cuff (4) compresses the tracheal wall with the pressure of this airway gas.

しかして、患者などの気管内壁(7〕に対する圧迫圧力
は、気道内ガス通路(2)内の圧力が低い時には気管シ
ール用カフ(5)の初期の設定圧力に等しく、気道内ガ
ス通路(2)内の圧力が気道内圧連動膨張カフ(4)の
外側の気管内圧よりも大きい時はその時点の気道内圧力
で気管壁を圧迫することになり、陽圧呼吸に同調して気
道内圧連動膨張カフ(4)による気管の圧迫力が変化す
るので、気管内チューブ(1)が気管壁からずれること
がなく、所定の位置に維持される。
Therefore, when the pressure in the airway gas passage (2) is low, the compression pressure on the tracheal inner wall (7) of the patient, etc. is equal to the initial set pressure of the tracheal sealing cuff (5), ) is larger than the tracheal pressure outside the airway pressure linked inflation cuff (4), the airway pressure at that point compresses the tracheal wall, and the airway pressure is linked in synchronization with positive pressure breathing. Since the compressive force of the trachea by the inflation cuff (4) changes, the endotracheal tube (1) is not displaced from the tracheal wall and is maintained in a predetermined position.

(発明の効果) 以上説明してきたことから明らかなように、本発明の気
管用チューブは次のような利点を有する。
(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above explanation, the tracheal tube of the present invention has the following advantages.

(])IIA溝が単純であるために構成部材が少な(、
また、特別な動力源を必要としないので経済的である。
(]) Because the IIA groove is simple, there are fewer components (,
Furthermore, it is economical because it does not require a special power source.

(2)従来のカフでは低圧大容量なものが気管内壁を柔
らかく圧するので好まれるが、肺例の気道内圧がカフの
膜を気管内で肺側から押してカフを変形させ、カフ内圧
を上昇させるので、カフが加圧呼吸の度に歪み押されて
ずれるために、その摩擦で気管内壁の繊毛粘膜が傷つき
やすく、また気管内チューブも移動し易いという問題や
、気管内チューブに連設して呼吸回路を形成している呼
吸管やコネクターの連結部が絶えず動くために外れやす
くなるという欠点があったが、本発明の気管内チューブ
を用いることにより、このような事故を防ぐことができ
る。
(2) In conventional cuffs, low-pressure, large-capacity cuffs are preferred because they apply soft pressure to the inner wall of the trachea, but the airway pressure in the lungs pushes the cuff membrane from the lung side within the trachea, deforming the cuff and increasing the cuff inner pressure. Therefore, the cuff is distorted and pushed every time you take a pressurized breath, causing it to shift, which causes the ciliary mucosa on the inner wall of the trachea to be easily damaged, and the endotracheal tube to move easily. Although there has been a drawback that the connecting parts of the breathing tube and connector that form the breathing circuit constantly move, they tend to come off easily, but by using the endotracheal tube of the present invention, such accidents can be prevented.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明の一実施例を示す説明図、第2図は一従
来例の説明図である。 〔主な符号の説明〕 1:気管内チューブ 2;気道内ガス通路 3:気道内圧導入口 4:気道内圧連動膨張カフ 5:気管シール用カフ 6:カフ膨張用チューブ 8:カフ膨張用チューブ接続通路
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional example. [Explanation of main symbols] 1: Endotracheal tube 2; Intratracheal gas passage 3: Airway pressure introduction port 4: Airway pressure linked inflation cuff 5: Tracheal sealing cuff 6: Cuff inflation tube 8: Cuff inflation tube connection aisle

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1)チューブの先端の近傍に該チューブの外周を取り巻
くように略円筒状のフレシキブルな薄膜が配置され、該
薄膜の両端部が該チューブの外周に気密に取り付けられ
てカフが形成されるとともに、外カフ内にガスを注入排
出して該カフを任意に膨縮させうるためのカフ膨張用チ
ューブが接続されてなる気管用チューブにおいて、該チ
ューブの外壁に該カフを包囲しかつ先端側が該カフの先
端と略一致するように第2の独立したカフを設けるとと
もに、該第2のカフに包囲された該チューブの管壁部分
に、該チューブの内部と第2のカフを連通する単数また
は複数の通気孔を設けたことを特徴とする気管用チュー
ブ。
1) A substantially cylindrical flexible thin film is arranged near the tip of the tube so as to surround the outer periphery of the tube, and both ends of the thin film are airtightly attached to the outer periphery of the tube to form a cuff, In a tracheal tube connected to a cuff inflation tube for inflating and deflating the cuff arbitrarily by injecting and discharging gas into the outer cuff, the cuff is surrounded by the outer wall of the tube, and the distal end is connected to the cuff. A second independent cuff is provided so as to substantially coincide with the tip of the tube, and a single or plural cuff is provided on the tube wall portion of the tube surrounded by the second cuff, communicating the inside of the tube with the second cuff. A tracheal tube characterized by having a ventilation hole.
JP29551588A 1988-11-22 1988-11-22 Tracheal tube Expired - Lifetime JPH07108317B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP29551588A JPH07108317B2 (en) 1988-11-22 1988-11-22 Tracheal tube

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP29551588A JPH07108317B2 (en) 1988-11-22 1988-11-22 Tracheal tube

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH02142574A true JPH02142574A (en) 1990-05-31
JPH07108317B2 JPH07108317B2 (en) 1995-11-22

Family

ID=17821619

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP29551588A Expired - Lifetime JPH07108317B2 (en) 1988-11-22 1988-11-22 Tracheal tube

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH07108317B2 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016527024A (en) * 2013-07-22 2016-09-08 ダブリューエム・アンド・ディージー,インク Medical device and method of using the medical device
KR20200108652A (en) * 2019-03-11 2020-09-21 경상대학교산학협력단 Endotracheal tube

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016527024A (en) * 2013-07-22 2016-09-08 ダブリューエム・アンド・ディージー,インク Medical device and method of using the medical device
KR20200108652A (en) * 2019-03-11 2020-09-21 경상대학교산학협력단 Endotracheal tube

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH07108317B2 (en) 1995-11-22

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