JPH02131834A - Vibration control device for machine tool - Google Patents
Vibration control device for machine toolInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02131834A JPH02131834A JP27934888A JP27934888A JPH02131834A JP H02131834 A JPH02131834 A JP H02131834A JP 27934888 A JP27934888 A JP 27934888A JP 27934888 A JP27934888 A JP 27934888A JP H02131834 A JPH02131834 A JP H02131834A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- head
- column
- vibration
- machine tool
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007730 finishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/0032—Arrangements for preventing or isolating vibrations in parts of the machine
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は、工作機械において加工時に発生する振動を抑
制する工作機械の振動抑制装置に関する．［従来の技術
］
工作機械において、工具を支持するヘッドを直線的に移
動させるため、すべり案内に代えて軌道とベアリングか
ら成る直線ころがり案内装置を用いることが多い。これ
は、直線ころがり案内装置では摩擦が小さいので恥動モ
ータの容量が小さくて済むこと、スティックスリップ現
象が発生せず精度の良い位置決めを行なうことができる
こと、および全体の剛性を大にすることができることに
よる。このような直線ころがり案内装置を図により説明
する．
第４図は研削盤の側面図である。図で、Ｘ，Ｙ，２は座
標軸を示し、Ｘ軸は紙面に垂直な方向である。１は砥石
、２は砥石１を回転自在に支持するヘッド、３はヘッド
２をＹ軸方向に移動可能に支持するコラム、４はコラム
３をＺ軸方向に移動可能に支持するベッド、５は加工対
象となるワーク、６はワーク５を載置固定するとともに
Ｘ軸方向に移動可能なテーブルである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a vibration suppression device for a machine tool that suppresses vibrations generated during machining in a machine tool. [Prior Art] In machine tools, in order to linearly move a head that supports a tool, a linear rolling guide device consisting of a raceway and a bearing is often used instead of a sliding guide. This is because the linear rolling guide device has low friction, so the capacity of the moving motor is small, the stick-slip phenomenon does not occur and positioning can be performed with high precision, and the overall rigidity can be increased. Depends on what you can do. This type of linear rolling guide device will be explained using a diagram. FIG. 4 is a side view of the grinding machine. In the figure, X, Y, 2 indicate coordinate axes, and the X axis is a direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper. 1 is a grindstone, 2 is a head that rotatably supports the grindstone 1, 3 is a column that supports the head 2 so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction, 4 is a bed that supports the column 3 so that it is movable in the Z-axis direction, and 5 is a bed that supports the column 3 so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction. The workpiece 6 to be machined is a table on which the workpiece 5 is placed and fixed and is movable in the X-axis direction.
７はコラム３をベッド４上で２軸方向に移動させる直線
ころがり案内装置であり、コラム３に固定されたベアリ
ング７ａおよびベッド４に固定されＺ軸方向に延びる軌
道７ｂで構成されている．軌道７ｂは複数本（通常２本
）設けられており、各ベアリング７ａは対応する軌道７
ｂに跨がった状態で係合され，これによりコラム３はＺ
軸方向に案内される。８も直線ころがり案内装！７と同
様の構成を有し、ヘッド２に固定されたベアリング８ａ
およびコラム３に固定されＹ軸方向に延びる複数の軌道
８ｂより成り、ヘッド２をＹ軸方向に案内する．ヘッド
２，コラム３およびテーブル６を適切に移動させること
により，ワーク５を砥石１で自由に研削加工することが
できる．［発明が解決しようとする課題］
前述のように，直線ころがり案内装置はすベリ案内装置
に比較して大きな利点を有するが，その反面次のような
問題を有する．即ち、第４図に示す研削盤において、ヘ
ッド２とテーブル６との間に加振器を設置し、実際の加
工時と同様の加振方を与えると、研削盤の各部は第４図
に破線で示すように変位する．なお、この変位は誇張し
て描かれている．このような変位は、ヘッド２、コラム
３、ベッド４が充分に高い剛性を有することから、専ら
直線ころがり案内装置７，８に起因するものであること
が判る．
ここで，ヘッド２およびコラム３の振動についてみると
第５図に二点鎖線Ａで示すような曲線が得られる．即ち
、第５図はヘッドおよびコラムの応答曲線を示す図で、
横軸には加振周波数が、縦軸にはコンブライアンス（対
数で表示）がとってある．この場合、応答曲線Ａは二点
鎖線に示すように傾斜の急な山と谷を有し，しかも山と
谷の差が大きい．これにより、ヘッドおよびコラムは加
振方により大きく変位することが判る。7 is a linear rolling guide device that moves the column 3 in two axial directions on the bed 4, and is composed of a bearing 7a fixed to the column 3 and a track 7b fixed to the bed 4 and extending in the Z-axis direction. A plurality of tracks 7b (usually two) are provided, and each bearing 7a has a corresponding track 7.
Column 3 is engaged while straddling Z.
axially guided. 8 also has a straight rolling guide system! A bearing 8a having the same configuration as 7 and fixed to the head 2
and a plurality of tracks 8b fixed to the column 3 and extending in the Y-axis direction, and guide the head 2 in the Y-axis direction. By appropriately moving the head 2, column 3, and table 6, the workpiece 5 can be freely ground with the grindstone 1. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] As mentioned above, the linear rolling guide device has great advantages over the sliding guide device, but on the other hand, it has the following problems. That is, in the grinding machine shown in Fig. 4, if a vibrator is installed between the head 2 and the table 6, and the vibration is applied in the same manner as during actual machining, each part of the grinding machine will be as shown in Fig. 4. It is displaced as shown by the dashed line. Note that this displacement is exaggerated. It can be seen that such displacement is caused exclusively by the linear rolling guide devices 7 and 8, since the head 2, column 3, and bed 4 have sufficiently high rigidity. Now, when we look at the vibrations of the head 2 and column 3, we obtain a curve as shown by the two-dot chain line A in Fig. 5. That is, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the response curves of the head and column.
The horizontal axis shows the excitation frequency, and the vertical axis shows the conformance (expressed in logarithm). In this case, the response curve A has steep peaks and valleys as shown by the two-dot chain line, and the difference between the peaks and valleys is large. This shows that the head and column are largely displaced depending on the vibration direction.
このような研削盤でワーク５を加工すると、■削抵抗の
変動により、ワーク５の表面には第５図の応答曲線Ａに
対応した凹凸が発生する．そして，仕上加工により平面
度を向上させようとすると、こんどはすでに発生してい
るワーク５の表面の凹凸により研削抵抗が変動し，この
結果砥石１すなわちヘッド２およびコラム３が加振力を
受けることになり，仕上加工をくり返しても、結局、ワ
ーク５の表面には数μｍの凹凸が残り、平面度を向上さ
せることができない。When the workpiece 5 is processed with such a grinding machine, irregularities corresponding to the response curve A in FIG. 5 are generated on the surface of the workpiece 5 due to fluctuations in the cutting force. When an attempt is made to improve the flatness through finishing, the grinding resistance fluctuates due to the unevenness that has already occurred on the surface of the workpiece 5, and as a result, the grinding wheel 1, that is, the head 2 and the column 3, are subjected to an excitation force. Therefore, even if the finishing process is repeated, unevenness of several μm remains on the surface of the workpiece 5, and the flatness cannot be improved.
本発明の目的は、上記従来技術の課題を解決し、直線こ
ろがり案内装置の長所を損わず、しかも加振方による変
位を減少させることができる工作機械の振動抑制装置を
提供するにある．
［課題を解決するための手段］
上記の目的を達成するため、第１の発明は、第１の部材
と、加工具を支持する第２の部材と，前記第１の部材と
前記第２の部材との間に相対移動を可能とする直線ころ
がり案内機構とを備えた工作機械において，前記第１の
部材と眞記第２の部材とに互いに近接対向して形成され
た近接面と，これら各近接面の間隙に介在せしめられた
流体と、この流体の流出を防止するシールとを設けたこ
とを特徴とする。An object of the present invention is to provide a vibration suppressing device for a machine tool that solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, does not impair the advantages of a linear rolling guide device, and can reduce displacement due to the method of excitation. [Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, a first invention includes a first member, a second member that supports a processing tool, and a combination of the first member and the second member. In a machine tool equipped with a linear rolling guide mechanism that allows relative movement between the first member and the second member, there is provided a proximal surface formed on the first member and the second member so as to face each other in close proximity; The present invention is characterized in that a fluid is interposed in the gap between each proximal surface and a seal is provided to prevent the fluid from flowing out.
又，第２の発明は，上記第１の発明において、さらに、
前記第１の部材又は前記第２の部材に，前記流体を貯蔵
する流体槽と、この流体槽と前記間隙とを結ぶ流路とを
設けたことを特徴とする．［作用］
第１の発明では、第１の部材と第２の部材に設けられた
互いに対向する近接面の間隙に流体、例えば油を介在さ
せ、シールで流体の流出を防止する構成としたので、こ
の構成がいわゆるダッシュポットとして機能し、振動を
減衰させて加工に悪影響を及ぼさないようにする。又、
第２の発明では、シールから流体が漏洩した場合、流体
槽から流路を介して流体が補給され，上記ダッシュポッ
トとしての機能に支障が生じないようにする。Further, a second invention is the first invention, further comprising:
The first member or the second member is characterized in that a fluid tank for storing the fluid and a flow path connecting the fluid tank and the gap are provided. [Function] In the first invention, a fluid, for example, oil is interposed in the gap between mutually opposing proximal surfaces provided on the first member and the second member, and the seal prevents the fluid from flowing out. , this configuration functions as a so-called dashpot, damping vibrations so that they do not adversely affect machining. or,
In the second aspect of the invention, when fluid leaks from the seal, fluid is replenished from the fluid tank through the channel, so that the function of the dashpot is not impaired.
［実施例］
以下、本発明を図示の実施例に基づいて説明する．
第１図は本発明の実施例に係る研削盤の一部の断面図、
第２図は第１図に示す線ｎ−ｎに沿う断面図、第３図は
第１図および第２図の要部拡大断面図である．各回で、
第４図に示す部分と同一部分には同一符号を付して説明
を省略するａｌａは砥石１を回転駆動するモータ、ｌｂ
はモータ１ａの支持用ブラケット、２０はヘッド２のフ
ランジ、３０はフランジ２０と対向するコラム３のフラ
ンジである．第２図から明らかなように、ベアリング８
ａはフランジ２０に固定され、軌道８ｂはフランジ３０
に固定され，ベアリング８ａが軌道８ｂに跨がって係合
している．
第２図および第３図に示されるように、直線ころがり案
内装置８の内側において、フランジ２０からフランジ３
０に対して突部２１が形成され、この突部２１の面２２
とフランジ３０の対向面３１との間に小さな間隙１０が
形成されている．この間隙１０は５μ〜５００μ程度の
寸法とされる．１１は突部２１に嵌合され間隙１０を密
封するゴムシールである．１２は油を貯蔵する油槽，１
３は油槽１２と間隙１０とを連通ずる流路である。[Examples] The present invention will be described below based on illustrated examples. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a part of a grinding machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
2 is a sectional view taken along the line nn shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the main parts of FIGS. 1 and 2. Each time,
Parts that are the same as those shown in FIG.
2 is a support bracket for the motor 1a, 20 is a flange of the head 2, and 30 is a flange of the column 3 facing the flange 20. As is clear from Figure 2, bearing 8
a is fixed to the flange 20, and the track 8b is fixed to the flange 30.
The bearing 8a straddles and engages the raceway 8b. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, inside the linear rolling guide device 8, from the flange 20 to the flange 3
A protrusion 21 is formed with respect to 0, and a surface 22 of this protrusion 21
A small gap 10 is formed between the flange 30 and the opposing surface 31 of the flange 30. This gap 10 has a size of about 5μ to 500μ. 11 is a rubber seal that is fitted into the protrusion 21 and seals the gap 10. 12 is an oil tank for storing oil, 1
Reference numeral 3 denotes a flow path that communicates the oil tank 12 and the gap 10.
油槽１２から流路１３を介して間隙１０に油が供給され
、間隙１ｏには油が満たされている．この油はゴムシー
ル１１により間隙１０の外への漏洩が防止されている．
研削加工が実施されると、砥石１とワーク５との間には
研削抵抗により主として第４図に示すＹ軸方向の力が加
わる。この力の大きさは通常一様ではなく変動し、この
変動する力が加振力となって振動を生じる．砥石１に加
わる加振力はヘッド２およびコラム３に伝達されるが、
本実施例では間ｖＡ１０に油層が存在するため、第３図
に示す矢印Ｃ方向の加振力成分は減衰せしめられ，ヘッ
ド２とコラム３の振動は大きく減少する。なお，ゴムシ
ール１１によっても僅かながら油が漏洩する場合がある
が、この場合、漏洩により減少した油は油槽１２から供
給され、振動抑制に支障は生じない．
本実施例の研削盤に対して、ヘッド２とテーブル６との
間に加振器を設置し加振力を加えた場合のヘッド２およ
びコラム３の応答曲線を第５図に実線Ｂで示す．この応
答曲線Ｂでは，二次モードにおける山頂の値が大きく減
衰せしめられていることが判り、本実施例における間隙
１０に存在する油層が振動の抑制に効果を発揮している
ことが明らかである．
なお、上記実施例の説明では，工作機械として研削盤を
例示して説明したが、他の工作機械にも適用可能である
のは明らかである。又、本発明はヘッドが垂直方向以外
の方向に移動するものにも適用可能であるのは明らかで
ある。さらに、使用する流体は油に限ることなく、他の
液体あるいはコロイド溶液を用いることもできる。さら
に又、シールはゴムシール以外の適宜のシールを用いる
ことができる．
［発明の効果］
以上述べたように、本発明では、相対的に垂直方向に移
動する第１の部材と第２の部材の相互に近接する近接面
間隙に流体を介在せしめたので、直線ころがり案内装置
の利点を保持したままで加振方による変位を減少するこ
とができる。又、流体はシールにより密封されるので漏
洩はほとんど生じない。さらに、もし漏洩が生じた場合
には、流体槽から流体が補給され振動抑制に支障を生じ
ない．Oil is supplied from the oil tank 12 to the gap 10 through the channel 13, and the gap 1o is filled with oil. This oil is prevented from leaking out of the gap 10 by a rubber seal 11. When the grinding process is performed, a force mainly in the Y-axis direction shown in FIG. 4 is applied between the grindstone 1 and the workpiece 5 due to grinding resistance. The magnitude of this force is usually not uniform but fluctuates, and this fluctuating force becomes an excitation force and causes vibration. The excitation force applied to the grinding wheel 1 is transmitted to the head 2 and column 3,
In this embodiment, since the oil layer exists between vA10, the excitation force component in the direction of arrow C shown in FIG. 3 is attenuated, and the vibrations of the head 2 and column 3 are greatly reduced. Note that a small amount of oil may leak from the rubber seal 11, but in this case, the oil reduced by the leak is supplied from the oil tank 12, and vibration suppression does not occur. The response curves of the head 2 and column 3 when a vibrator is installed between the head 2 and the table 6 and an excitation force is applied to the grinding machine of this embodiment are shown by the solid line B in FIG. ．． In this response curve B, it can be seen that the peak value in the secondary mode is greatly attenuated, and it is clear that the oil layer existing in the gap 10 in this example is effective in suppressing vibration. ．． In addition, in the description of the above embodiment, a grinder was used as an example of the machine tool, but it is obvious that the present invention is applicable to other machine tools as well. It is clear that the present invention is also applicable to devices in which the head moves in directions other than vertically. Furthermore, the fluid used is not limited to oil, and other liquids or colloidal solutions can also be used. Furthermore, any appropriate seal other than a rubber seal may be used as the seal. [Effects of the Invention] As described above, in the present invention, since the fluid is interposed in the gap between adjacent surfaces of the first member and the second member that move relatively vertically, linear rolling is prevented. Displacement due to the vibration method can be reduced while maintaining the advantages of the guide device. Further, since the fluid is sealed by the seal, there is almost no leakage. Furthermore, if a leak occurs, fluid is replenished from the fluid tank and there is no problem with vibration suppression.
第１図は本発明の実施例に係る研削盤の一部の断面図、
第２図は第１図に示す線■一■に沿う断面図、第３図は
第１図および第２図の要部拡大断面図、第４図は従来の
研削盤の側面図，第５図は加振力に対する応答曲線を示
す図である。
１・・・・・・砥石、２・・・・・・ヘッド、３・・・
・・・コラム、４・・・・・・ベッド，５・・・・・・
ワーク、６・・・・・・テーブル，７，８・・・・・・
直線ころがり案内装置、１０・・・・・・間隙、１１・
・・・・・シール、１２・・・・・・油槽、１３・・・
・・・流路、２１・・・・・・突部、２２，３１・・・
・・・面．２０，３０・・・・・・フランジ．
１３：ｉ！各
第２図
ＡＭFIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a part of a grinding machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ■1■ shown in Figure 1, Figure 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main parts of Figures 1 and 2, Figure 4 is a side view of a conventional grinder, and Figure 5 is a side view of a conventional grinding machine. The figure shows a response curve to excitation force. 1... Grindstone, 2... Head, 3...
...Column, 4...Bed, 5...
Work, 6...Table, 7, 8...
Linear rolling guide device, 10...Gap, 11.
... Seal, 12 ... Oil tank, 13 ...
... Channel, 21 ... Protrusion, 22, 31 ...
···surface. 20, 30...Flange. 13:i! Each figure 2 AM
Claims (2)
前記第１の部材と前記第２の部材との間に相対移動を可
能とする直線ころがり案内機構とを備えた工作機械にお
いて、前記第１の部材と前記第２の部材とに互いに近接
対向して形成された近接面と、これら各近接面の間隙に
介在せしめられた流体と、この流体の流出を防止するシ
ールとを設けたことを特徴とする工作機械の振動抑制装
置。(1) A first member, a second member that supports a processing tool,
In a machine tool equipped with a linear rolling guide mechanism that allows relative movement between the first member and the second member, the first member and the second member are closely opposed to each other. 1. A vibration suppressing device for a machine tool, comprising: proximate surfaces formed by the proximal surfaces; a fluid interposed between the proximal surfaces; and a seal that prevents the fluid from flowing out.
いて、前記第１の部材又は前記第２の部材に、前記流体
を貯蔵する流体槽と、この流体槽と前記間隙とを結ぶ流
路とを設けたことを特徴とする工作機械の振動抑制装置
。(2) In the vibration suppression device for a machine tool according to claim (1), the first member or the second member includes a fluid tank that stores the fluid, and a flow that connects the fluid tank and the gap. A vibration suppression device for a machine tool, characterized in that a vibration suppression device is provided with a road.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27934888A JPH02131834A (en) | 1988-11-07 | 1988-11-07 | Vibration control device for machine tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27934888A JPH02131834A (en) | 1988-11-07 | 1988-11-07 | Vibration control device for machine tool |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02131834A true JPH02131834A (en) | 1990-05-21 |
Family
ID=17609918
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27934888A Pending JPH02131834A (en) | 1988-11-07 | 1988-11-07 | Vibration control device for machine tool |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02131834A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015009286A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2015-01-19 | 株式会社テクノ・エム | Adapter |
-
1988
- 1988-11-07 JP JP27934888A patent/JPH02131834A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015009286A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2015-01-19 | 株式会社テクノ・エム | Adapter |
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