JPH0195845A - Mold for both direction drawing type horizontal continuous casting machine - Google Patents

Mold for both direction drawing type horizontal continuous casting machine

Info

Publication number
JPH0195845A
JPH0195845A JP25437587A JP25437587A JPH0195845A JP H0195845 A JPH0195845 A JP H0195845A JP 25437587 A JP25437587 A JP 25437587A JP 25437587 A JP25437587 A JP 25437587A JP H0195845 A JPH0195845 A JP H0195845A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
mold
copper plate
molten steel
range
continuous casting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP25437587A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Shigenobu Takada
重信 高田
Shinji Kojima
小島 信司
Tomoo Kayano
萱野 朋生
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JFE Steel Corp
Original Assignee
Kawasaki Steel Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kawasaki Steel Corp filed Critical Kawasaki Steel Corp
Priority to JP25437587A priority Critical patent/JPH0195845A/en
Publication of JPH0195845A publication Critical patent/JPH0195845A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/045Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for horizontal casting
    • B22D11/0455Bidirectional horizontal casting

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To secure generation of Joule heat in molten steel and to prevent trouble of breakout and the other, by assembling high electric resistant substance penetrating a copper plate in cross sectional face of the mold copper plate in the range of setting electromagnetic coil. CONSTITUTION:The mold has constitution assembling coils 20 having the same axis as the axial center of the mold at outside of the mold copper plate 12A in the range of 20-100mm at right and left sides of the drawing direction of a cast billet 16 as centering the center line B-B of the feed nozzle 10 and the high electric resistant body 22 penetrating the copper plate 12A in the cross sectional face of the mold copper plate 12A in the range of setting the coil 20. By this method, the induction current conducting in the copper plate 12A is restrained and induction current is increased in the molten steel 4 and the effective generation of Joule heat caused by the induction current in the molten steel 4 can be obtd. Further, the separating point of the cast billet in the prescribed range from the stable continuous casting operation without any trouble of breakout and the other can be executed.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は双方向引抜型水平連鋳機用鋳型に係り、特に左
右両凝固殻の分離点位置の安定と鋳造の安定性を向上で
きる鋳型に関し、鋼の連続鋳造分野に広く利用される。
[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a mold for a bidirectional drawing type horizontal continuous casting machine, and in particular to a mold that can improve the stability of the separation point position of both left and right solidified shells and the stability of casting. It is widely used in the field of continuous steel casting.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

双方向引抜型水平連鋳機は、従来の垂直型、湾曲型など
の非水平連鋳機に比較して全高が非常に低いため基礎工
事や建家コストが安く、またシェルの形成から鋳片の切
断までが直線上にあるため、機械構造が非常に単純であ
ることのほかに鋳片の内部割れが発生し難いというメリ
ットがあるので、特に小型ブルーム等の連鋳用として見
直されている。
The bi-directional drawing type horizontal continuous casting machine has a very low overall height compared to conventional non-horizontal continuous casting machines such as vertical and curved types, so foundation work and construction costs are low, and it also reduces the cost of slabs from shell formation. Because the cutting line is in a straight line, the mechanical structure is very simple, and it has the advantage that internal cracks in the slab are less likely to occur, so it is being reconsidered especially for continuous casting of small blooms, etc. .

水平連鋳機は、上記の如きメリットがあるが、凝固シェ
ルがフィードノズルの直下から分離して双方へ鋳片引抜
きされる関係上、中央部の左右鋳片の分離点の安定化を
図ることが極めて重要な技術である。
The horizontal continuous caster has the above advantages, but since the solidified shell is separated from directly below the feed nozzle and the slab is pulled out to both sides, it is necessary to stabilize the separation point of the left and right slabs in the center. is an extremely important technology.

双方向引抜型水平連鋳機の概要ならびに従来の操業上の
難点等について添付図面を参照して説明する。第2図は
特開昭58−138544号公報などで開示されている
水平連鋳機の構成を示す模式断面図である。取鍋2に収
容されている溶鋼4はスライディングノズル6を経て下
方のメタルレシーバ−8、フィードノズル10を介して
水冷鋳型12に注入される。これらのメタルレシーバ−
8、フィードノズル10および冷却水#111を有する
鋳型鋼板12Aおよびフレーム12Bよす成る水冷鋳型
12は一体となって水平方向に振動されている。鋳型1
2に注入された溶鋼4は、−時プールを作るが、急速に
冷却されて凝固シェル14を形成し鋳片16としてピン
チロールによって引抜かれる。従って正常状態では、フ
ィードノズル10直下の鋳型12に接する部分が、左右
鋳片の分離点15となって、フィードノズル10の直下
点を離れるに従って、次第に凝固シェルの厚さを増加し
て鋳片16を形成すべき構成となっているが、フィード
ノズル10からの溶鋼4の供給量の不足もしくは溶鋼4
の液相線温度に対する過熱度が不足した場合には、第3
図、(A)、(B)に示す如く、フィードノズル10下
方の凝固シェル14が異常に成長し、強度が大となる。
An overview of the bidirectional drawing type horizontal continuous casting machine and the operational difficulties of the conventional method will be explained with reference to the attached drawings. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a horizontal continuous casting machine disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-138544. Molten steel 4 contained in the ladle 2 is injected into a water-cooled mold 12 via a sliding nozzle 6, a lower metal receiver 8, and a feed nozzle 10. These metal receivers
8. The water-cooled mold 12 consisting of the mold steel plate 12A and the frame 12B having the feed nozzle 10 and the cooling water #111 is vibrated in the horizontal direction as one body. Mold 1
The molten steel 4 injected into the molten steel 2 forms a pool, but is rapidly cooled to form a solidified shell 14, which is pulled out as a slab 16 by pinch rolls. Therefore, in a normal state, the part directly below the feed nozzle 10 in contact with the mold 12 becomes the separation point 15 of the left and right slabs, and as you leave the point directly below the feed nozzle 10, the thickness of the solidified shell gradually increases and the slab However, if the amount of molten steel 4 supplied from the feed nozzle 10 is insufficient or the molten steel 4
If the degree of superheating is insufficient for the liquidus temperature of
As shown in the figures, (A) and (B), the solidified shell 14 below the feed nozzle 10 grows abnormally and becomes strong.

乙の場合、鋳片16の引抜きを継続すると、第4図に示
す如く、凝固シェル14の最も強度の低い部分が切断さ
れ割れ18を発生しブレークアウトとなり、鋳造作業の
継続が不可能となる。
In case B, if the drawing of the slab 16 is continued, as shown in Fig. 4, the lowest strength part of the solidified shell 14 will be cut and a crack 18 will occur, resulting in a breakout, making it impossible to continue the casting operation. .

上記従来技術の問題点から双方向引抜型の水平連鋳機で
は、鋳型内で生成する初期凝固シェルをフィードノズル
10を中心として両側に均等に生成させ、かつ、フィー
ドノズル10直下近傍の凝固シェルの生成速度を抑制す
るため、緩冷却を実施することが安定鋳造上有効である
Due to the above-mentioned problems of the conventional technology, in the bidirectional drawing type horizontal continuous casting machine, the initial solidified shell generated in the mold is generated evenly on both sides centering on the feed nozzle 10, and the solidified shell in the vicinity directly below the feed nozzle 10 is In order to suppress the formation rate of , slow cooling is effective for stable casting.

緩冷却を実施する具体的対策としては、次の事項等が考
えられる。
The following items can be considered as specific measures to implement slow cooling.

(イ)鋳型内熱伝達率の抑制 (ロ) 溶鋼加熱装置の設置 (ハ)溶鋼流動の促進 本出願人は上記(イ)、(ロ)の対策として、水平連鋳
機のピンチロールの゛駆動モータのトルク値を検出し、
該トルク値の異常上昇を検出した時に、鋳型への溶鋼注
入および鋳片の引抜を中断し、水冷鋳型のフィードノズ
ルの下方の一部を耐火物鋳型として、その外側に設けた
誘導加熱装置を作動させて凝固シェルを加熱融解し、融
解後溶鋼の注入および鋳片の引抜きを再開すること君こ
よりブレ一りアウトを防止する方法を、特開昭62−1
01356によって開示した。
(a) Suppressing the heat transfer coefficient in the mold (b) Installing a molten steel heating device (c) Promoting the flow of molten steel As a countermeasure for the above (a) and (b), the applicant has Detects the torque value of the drive motor,
When an abnormal increase in the torque value is detected, the injection of molten steel into the mold and the drawing of the slab are interrupted, and a part of the lower part of the feed nozzle of the water-cooled mold is made into a refractory mold, and an induction heating device installed outside the mold is installed. JP-A No. 62-1 discloses a method for preventing breakout by heating and melting the solidified shell, and restarting injection of molten steel and drawing of slabs after melting.
No. 01356.

また、上記(イ)の対策として、水平型連鋳機のフィー
ドノズル直下近傍の鋳型の下辺および側辺に外面から内
面へ貫通する複数の開孔を設け、該開孔に耐火物を充填
装着させた鋳型を実願昭62−055516にて開示し
た。
In addition, as a countermeasure for (a) above, multiple holes penetrating from the outside to the inside are provided at the bottom and sides of the mold near the feed nozzle of the horizontal continuous casting machine, and the holes are filled with refractories. This mold was disclosed in Utility Model Application No. 62-055516.

また、実願昭62−111080では、鋳型上面の冷却
水路中、フィードノズルを挟んだ鋳型の幅方向の両側に
独立した扁平断面の水路を設け、鋳型の長手方向の全体
冷却水路よりも水路の単位面積当り冷却水量を少くして
緩冷却する考案を開示し、いずれも一応の成功を収めた
が、未だ十分満足し得る域には達していない。
In addition, in Utility Model Application No. 62-111080, in the cooling channel on the upper surface of the mold, independent flat cross-section channels are provided on both sides of the mold in the width direction across the feed nozzle, and the channel is made smaller than the overall cooling channel in the longitudinal direction of the mold. We have disclosed ideas for slow cooling by reducing the amount of cooling water per unit area, and although all of them have achieved some success, we have not yet reached a level where we are fully satisfied.

〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

本発明の目的は、双方向引抜型水平連鋳機用鋳型におけ
る上記従来技術の欠点を克服し、フィードノズル直下の
凝固シェルの成長速度を抑制し、分離点を安定化し、初
期凝固シェルが左右両側で均等編成長が可能な効果的な
構成を有する鋳型を提供するにある。
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the above-mentioned conventional technology in a mold for a bidirectional drawing type horizontal continuous casting machine, to suppress the growth rate of the solidified shell directly under the feed nozzle, to stabilize the separation point, and to prevent the initial solidified shell from being left and right. An object of the present invention is to provide a mold having an effective structure that allows uniform knitting growth on both sides.

〔問題点を解決するための手段および作用〕本発明の要
旨とするところは次の如くである。
[Means and operations for solving the problems] The gist of the present invention is as follows.

すなわち、鋳型の中央部より注湯ノズルを介して鋳型中
へ連続的に溶鋼を供給しつつ該鋳型の相反する2方向へ
連続して鋳片を引抜く双方向引抜型水平連鋳機用鋳型に
おいて、前記注湯ノズル芯を中心として各引抜き方向に
20〜100mmの範囲に亘り前記鋳型の軸芯と同軸の
コイルを設けると共に、該コイル設置範囲の鋳型銅板横
断面内に該銅板を貫通する高電気抵抗体を組込むことを
特徴とする双方向引抜型水平連鋳機用鋳型、である。
That is, a mold for a bidirectional drawing type horizontal continuous casting machine that continuously supplies molten steel from the center of the mold through a pouring nozzle into the mold and continuously pulls slabs in two opposite directions of the mold. A coil coaxial with the axial center of the mold is provided over a range of 20 to 100 mm in each drawing direction centering on the pouring nozzle core, and the coil is penetrated within the cross section of the mold copper plate within the coil installation range. This is a mold for a bidirectional drawing type horizontal continuous casting machine, which is characterized by incorporating a high electrical resistance element.

本発明の実施例を第1図(A)、(B)にて説明する。An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1(A) and 1(B).

第1図は(A)は本発明の鋳型を示す長さ方向の縦断面
図、第1図(B)は第1図(A)のB−B線矢視断面図
である。本発明においては、フィードノズル10の中心
@B−Bを中心として鋳片16の引抜方向の左右に20
〜100IllI11の範囲に亘り、鋳型銅板12Aの
外側に鋳型の軸芯と同軸のコイル20と、コイル20の
設置範囲の鋳型鋼板12Aの横断面内に、銅板12Aを
貫通する高電気抵抗体22を組込む構成をとった。
In FIG. 1, (A) is a longitudinal sectional view showing the mold of the present invention, and FIG. 1(B) is a sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 1(A). In the present invention, there are 20
~100IllI11, a coil 20 coaxial with the axis of the mold is placed on the outside of the mold copper plate 12A, and a high electrical resistance body 22 that penetrates the copper plate 12A is placed in the cross section of the mold steel plate 12A within the installation range of the coil 20. A configuration was adopted to incorporate it.

上記構成により、コイル20に通電すると、鋳型銅板1
2Aおよび鋳型12へ注入された溶鋼4に誘導電流が流
れジュール熱が発生する。
With the above configuration, when the coil 20 is energized, the mold copper plate 1
2A and the molten steel 4 injected into the mold 12, an induced current flows and Joule heat is generated.

しかし銅板12Aおよび溶鋼4の導電率をそれぞれσ。However, the conductivities of the copper plate 12A and the molten steel 4 are respectively σ.

1、σM5とすれば σ  = 5.9 X 107MQcm−’σ  −1
,0X106 MΩem−1であって銅の導電率は溶鋼
に比して格段にすぐれているために溶鋼4を加熱する目
的が達成されないので、本発明においては、コイル20
の設置範囲の左右に20〜100mmの範囲の鋳型銅板
12Aの横断面内に銅板12Aを貫通する高電気抵抗体
22を組込み銅板12Aに流れる電流を遮断するように
した。これにより鋳型鋼板12Aに流れろ誘導電流を抑
制し、本来の目的である溶tR4内の誘導電流の増加を
図り、溶鋼4の誘導電流によるジュール熱の効果的な発
生を図るものである。
1, if σM5, σ = 5.9 x 107MQcm-'σ -1
, 0X106 MΩem-1, and the conductivity of copper is much higher than that of molten steel, so the purpose of heating the molten steel 4 cannot be achieved. Therefore, in the present invention, the coil 20
A high electrical resistance body 22 penetrating the copper plate 12A is installed in the cross section of the molded copper plate 12A in a range of 20 to 100 mm on the left and right of the installation range to interrupt the current flowing through the copper plate 12A. This suppresses the induced current flowing through the mold steel plate 12A, increases the induced current in the molten steel 4 which is the original purpose, and effectively generates Joule heat due to the induced current in the molten steel 4.

上記構成によってフィードノズル10を中心とする左右
20〜100胴範囲は、溶鋼4の冷却が抑制されるので
、他の部位よりも凝固シェル14の生成が遅れ、仮に生
成しても厚さが薄いので安定した分離点となり得る。
With the above configuration, cooling of the molten steel 4 is suppressed in the range of 20 to 100 cylinders on the left and right around the feed nozzle 10, so the formation of the solidified shell 14 is delayed compared to other parts, and even if it is formed, the thickness is thin. Therefore, it can be a stable separation point.

本発明において、電磁コイル20の設置範囲をフィード
ノズル10の中心線から左右各々20〜100mmの範
囲に限定したのは、20InII+未満では生起する誘
導電流によるジュール熱の作用範囲が不足し、鋳片分離
点の安定が期せられず、また100mmを越す範囲では
、凝固シェルの厚みが薄く保持される範囲が広過ぎて、
乙の間で分離点の移動が生じ、鋳型端部においてブレー
クアウトの発生するおそれが大となるからである。
In the present invention, the installation range of the electromagnetic coil 20 is limited to a range of 20 to 100 mm on each side from the center line of the feed nozzle 10, because if it is less than 20 InII+, the range of action of Joule heat due to the induced current is insufficient, Stability of the separation point cannot be expected, and in a range exceeding 100 mm, the range in which the thickness of the solidified shell is kept thin is too wide.
This is because the separation point will shift between the two parts, increasing the risk of breakout occurring at the end of the mold.

なお、本発明に使用する高電気抵抗体としては、NBW
I 08 (Ag82%、MnlO%、Sn8%)、N
BW87 (Ag85%、M n 8%、Sn7%)ほ
か、通常のNi−Cr−Fe合金、もしくはNi−Cr
−人1合金が使用可能である。
Note that the high electrical resistance material used in the present invention is NBW.
I 08 (Ag82%, MnlO%, Sn8%), N
BW87 (Ag85%, Mn 8%, Sn7%), ordinary Ni-Cr-Fe alloy, or Ni-Cr
- One alloy can be used.

また上記本発明による作用として、誘導電流の生起によ
るジュール熱発生のみについて記載したが、そのほかに
溶鋼4に作用するピンチ効果により、鋳片分離点が同方
向に流れる電流によす、20〜100 mm範囲の溶鋼
各部が相互に吸引し、分離点の位置の安定化に効果があ
るものと推察される。
In addition, as an effect of the present invention, only the generation of Joule heat due to the generation of induced current has been described, but in addition, due to the pinch effect acting on the molten steel 4, the point of separation of the slab is caused by the current flowing in the same direction. It is presumed that each part of the molten steel in the mm range attracts each other, which is effective in stabilizing the position of the separation point.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

本発明は双方向引抜型水平連鋳機鋳型において、フィー
ドノズル芯を中心として左右引抜方向に各20〜100
 mmの範囲に、鋳型の軸芯と同軸の電磁コイルと設け
ると共に、該コイル設置範囲の鋳型銅板横断面内に該銅
板を貫通する高電気抵抗体を組込む構成としたので次の
如き効果を挙げることができた。
The present invention is a bidirectional drawing type horizontal continuous casting machine mold, in which 20 to 100 parts are cast in each direction in the left and right drawing directions centering on the feed nozzle core.
In addition to providing an electromagnetic coil coaxial with the axis of the mold in the range of mm, the structure incorporates a high electrical resistance element that penetrates the copper plate in the cross section of the copper plate of the mold in the coil installation range, resulting in the following effects. I was able to do that.

(イ)高電気抵抗体は、鋳型銅板に流れる誘導電流を抑
制して溶鋼に流れる電流量の増大を図り、効果的な溶鋼
のジュール熱生起を確保できるほか、溶鋼に流れる電流
のピンチ効果と相俟って、フィードノズル芯から20〜
100 mm範囲における鋳片分離点の安定維持が可能
となり、ブレークアウトその他のトラブルのない安定し
た連鋳操業が可能となった。
(a) High electrical resistance suppresses the induced current flowing through the mold copper plate and increases the amount of current flowing through the molten steel, ensuring effective generation of Joule heat in the molten steel, as well as suppressing the pinch effect of the current flowing through the molten steel. Together, it is 20~ from the feed nozzle core.
It has become possible to stably maintain the slab separation point in the 100 mm range, and it has become possible to perform stable continuous casting operations without breakouts or other troubles.

一合一 (ロ)本発明によるコイル、高電気抵抗体等は、既設の
水平鋳型に容易に取付けることができるので設備費が低
順であり、効果がきわめて大である。
(b) The coil, high electrical resistance body, etc. according to the present invention can be easily attached to an existing horizontal mold, so the equipment cost is low and the effects are extremely large.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図(A)、(B)は本発明による双方向引抜型水平
連鋳機用鋳型を示し、(A)は、長手方向縦断面図、(
B)は(A)のB−B線矢視断面図、第2図は従来の水
平連鋳機用鋳型の構成および作用を示す模式断面図、第
3図(A)、(B)は従来の水平連鋳機用鋳型における
鋳片分離点の異常変動を示す断面図、第4図は従来の水
平連鋳機用鋳型における凝固シェル破断によるトラブル
を示す断面図である。 4・・・鋳型 8・・・メタルレシーバ− 10・・・フィード(注湯)ノズル 12A・・・鋳型銅板 12B・・・鋳型フレーム 12(12A+12B)・・・鋳型 14・・凝固シェル  15・・分離点16・・・鋳片
     20・・・電磁コイル22・・・高電気抵抗
FIGS. 1(A) and 1(B) show a mold for a bidirectional drawing type horizontal continuous casting machine according to the present invention, and FIG. 1(A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view;
B) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B of (A), Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure and function of a conventional horizontal continuous casting mold, and Figures 3 (A) and (B) are conventional FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing abnormal fluctuations in the slab separation point in a mold for a horizontal continuous casting machine, and FIG. 4... Mold 8... Metal receiver 10... Feed (pouring) nozzle 12A... Mold copper plate 12B... Mold frame 12 (12A+12B)... Mold 14... Solidified shell 15... Separation point 16... Slab 20... Electromagnetic coil 22... High electrical resistance body

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)鋳型の中央部より注湯ノズルを介して鋳型中へ連
続的に溶鋼を供給しつつ該鋳型の相反する2方向へ連続
して鋳片を引抜く双方向引抜型水平連鋳機用鋳型におい
て、前記注湯ノズル芯を中心として各引抜き方向に20
〜100mmの範囲に亘り前記鋳型の軸芯と同軸のコイ
ルを設けると共に、該コイル設置範囲の鋳型銅板横断面
内に該銅板を貫通する高電気抵抗体を組込むことを特徴
とする双方向引抜型水平連鋳機用鋳型。
(1) For bidirectional drawing type horizontal continuous casting machine that continuously supplies molten steel into the mold from the center of the mold through a pouring nozzle and continuously pulls slabs in two opposite directions of the mold. In the mold, 20 mm in each drawing direction centering on the pouring nozzle core.
A bidirectional drawing mold, characterized in that a coil is provided coaxially with the axis of the mold over a range of ~100 mm, and a high electrical resistance element is incorporated in the cross section of the mold copper plate in the coil installation range, penetrating the copper plate. Mold for horizontal continuous casting machine.
JP25437587A 1987-10-08 1987-10-08 Mold for both direction drawing type horizontal continuous casting machine Pending JPH0195845A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP25437587A JPH0195845A (en) 1987-10-08 1987-10-08 Mold for both direction drawing type horizontal continuous casting machine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP25437587A JPH0195845A (en) 1987-10-08 1987-10-08 Mold for both direction drawing type horizontal continuous casting machine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0195845A true JPH0195845A (en) 1989-04-13

Family

ID=17264115

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP25437587A Pending JPH0195845A (en) 1987-10-08 1987-10-08 Mold for both direction drawing type horizontal continuous casting machine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0195845A (en)

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