JPH0151810B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0151810B2 JPH0151810B2 JP56184742A JP18474281A JPH0151810B2 JP H0151810 B2 JPH0151810 B2 JP H0151810B2 JP 56184742 A JP56184742 A JP 56184742A JP 18474281 A JP18474281 A JP 18474281A JP H0151810 B2 JPH0151810 B2 JP H0151810B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cylindrical chamber
- objective lens
- endoscope
- lens frame
- lens
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000006059 cover glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 3
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
- G02B23/2407—Optical details
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Endoscopes (AREA)
- Instruments For Viewing The Inside Of Hollow Bodies (AREA)
- Lens Barrels (AREA)
- Automatic Focus Adjustment (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、操作部の操作により内視鏡先端の対
物レンズ光学系の一部又は全部を光軸方向に所定
量を正しく移動させてピント合わせを行い得るよ
うにした内視鏡の焦点調節機構に関するものであ
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention enables focusing to be performed by correctly moving part or all of the objective lens optical system at the tip of the endoscope by a predetermined amount in the optical axis direction by operating an operating section. This invention relates to a focus adjustment mechanism for an endoscope.
内視鏡先端部の対物レンズ光学系の一部又は全
部を光軸方向に移動せしめることによりピント合
わせを行うようにした内視鏡があるが、この種従
来の内視鏡は、移動させる対物レンズを支持する
レンズ枠にワイヤーを接続し、これを蛇管の中を
通して操作部に導き、操作部からこのワイヤーを
動かすことにより対物レンズを移動させてピント
合わせをするようにしていたが、この方式によれ
ば、ワイヤーのたるみや蛇管の屈曲状態の変化等
によつても、ワイヤーの操作部における動かし量
とは無関係に対物レンズが移動してしまうので、
操作部により対物レンズ所定量正しく移動させる
ことは不可能であつた。 There is an endoscope that focuses by moving part or all of the objective lens optical system at the tip of the endoscope in the optical axis direction. A wire was connected to the lens frame that supported the lens, and the wire was guided through a flexible tube to the operating section, and by moving this wire from the operating section, the objective lens was moved and focused, but this method According to , the objective lens moves due to slack in the wire or changes in the bending state of the flexible tube, regardless of the amount of movement of the wire in the operating section.
It was impossible to correctly move the objective lens by a predetermined amount using the operating section.
本発明は、上記問題点に鑑み、蛇管の屈曲状態
の変化等があつても常に対物レンズを所定量正し
く移動させ得るようにした内視鏡の焦点調節機構
を提供せんとするものであるが、以下図示した一
実施例に基づきこれを説明すれば、第１図におい
てＡは内視鏡の先端部、Ｂは操作部、Ｃは先端部
Ａと操作部Ｂとを接続する蛇管である。第２図は
先端部Ａの断面を示しており、１は先端部外枠、
２は外枠１内に軸方向に沿つて設けられ且つその
前後端の開口をカバーガラスの如き透明部材３及
び４で塞ぐことにより気密が保持された円筒室、
５は円筒室２内に軸方向（光軸方向）に移動可能
に嵌挿されたレンズ枠、６はレンズ枠５に保持さ
れた対物レンズであつて、レンズ枠５と対物レン
ズ６とは一体となつて円筒室２内でピストンとし
て作用すると共に、円筒室２を前後二つの室２ａ
及び２ｂに区分している。７は円筒室２の後室２
ｂと操作部Ｂとを連通せしめていて該後室２ｂへ
の空気の出し入れを行う給排気管、８は円筒室２
の前室２ａと操作部Ｂとを連通せしめていて該前
室２ａに大気を導入する大気導入管、９は円筒室
２の前室２ａの前端壁に固着されていて大気導入
管８の分岐部８ａを通るリード線１０を介して操
作部Ｂと接続されている環状の圧力センサー、１
１は圧力センサー９上に配置された環状のバネ受
け、１２はバネ受け１１とレンズ枠５の前端壁と
の間に介在せしめられていて該レンズ枠５に後方
への移動習性を付与しているコイルバネである。
１３は入射端がカバーガラス４に密着し且つ出射
端が操作部Ｂの接眼部に接続されたイメージガイ
ド、１４は円筒室２及びイメージガイド１３と平
行になるようにして外枠１内に埋設されていて入
射端が操作部Ｂの光源部に接続されたライトガイ
ド、１５はライトガイド１４の出射端の近傍に位
置するようにして外枠１の前端部に固着された照
明光拡散レンズである。 In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a focus adjustment mechanism for an endoscope that can always move an objective lens correctly by a predetermined amount even if there is a change in the bending state of the flexible tube. This will be explained below based on the illustrated embodiment. In FIG. 1, A is the distal end of the endoscope, B is the operating section, and C is a flexible tube connecting the distal end A and the operating section B. Figure 2 shows a cross section of the tip A, where 1 indicates the outer frame of the tip;
2 is a cylindrical chamber provided along the axial direction within the outer frame 1 and kept airtight by closing openings at its front and rear ends with transparent members 3 and 4 such as cover glasses;
5 is a lens frame fitted into the cylindrical chamber 2 so as to be movable in the axial direction (optical axis direction), 6 is an objective lens held in the lens frame 5, and the lens frame 5 and the objective lens 6 are integrated. This acts as a piston within the cylindrical chamber 2, and divides the cylindrical chamber 2 into two chambers 2a, front and rear.
and 2b. 7 is the rear chamber 2 of the cylindrical chamber 2
8 is an air supply/exhaust pipe that communicates b with the operation part B and takes air in and out of the rear chamber 2b; 8 is the cylindrical chamber 2;
An atmosphere introduction pipe 9 connects the front chamber 2a of the cylindrical chamber 2 with the operation part B and introduces the atmosphere into the front chamber 2a, and 9 is fixed to the front end wall of the front chamber 2a of the cylindrical chamber 2 and is a branch of the atmosphere introduction pipe 8. An annular pressure sensor 1 connected to the operating part B via a lead wire 10 passing through the part 8a.
1 is an annular spring receiver disposed on the pressure sensor 9; 12 is interposed between the spring receiver 11 and the front end wall of the lens frame 5, giving the lens frame 5 a tendency to move backward; It is a coil spring.
Reference numeral 13 denotes an image guide whose entrance end is in close contact with the cover glass 4 and whose output end is connected to the eyepiece part of the operating section B; A light guide is buried and whose input end is connected to the light source section of the operating section B. Reference numeral 15 denotes an illumination light diffusion lens fixed to the front end of the outer frame 1 so as to be located near the output end of the light guide 14. It is.
本発明による内視鏡の焦点調節装置は上述の如
く構成されているから、まずライトガイド１４に
より導かれた照明光が拡散レンズ１５を通つて被
検体を照明し、その反射光がカバーガラス３を通
つて対物レンズ６に入射し、該対物レンズ６によ
りカバーガラス４を通つてイメージガイド１３の
入射端面に被検体像を形成される。次に、ピント
合わせについて説明すれば、操作部Ｂから給排気
管７を介して円筒室２の後室２ｂに空気を送り込
むと該後室２ｂ内の気圧が上昇し、この圧力によ
り対物レンズ６及びレンズ枠５がコイルバネ１２
の弾力に抗して前方へ移動せしめられ、後室２ｂ
内の気圧とコイルバネ１２の弾力とが釣り合う位
置で停止せしめられる。一方、給排気管７を介し
て後室２ｂ内の空気を排出すると該後室２ｂ内の
気圧が下がり、その結果コイルバネ１２の弾力に
より対物レンズ６及びレンズ枠５が後方へ移動せ
しめられ、後室２ｂ内の気圧とコイルバネ１２の
弾力とが釣り合う位置で停止せしめられる。従つ
て、円筒室２の後室２ｂ内に空気を供給したり排
出せしめたりして該後室２ｂ内の気圧を変えるこ
とにより対物レンズ６を光軸方向に前後動せし
め、これによつてピント合わせを行うことが出来
る。この場合、空気圧を利用して対物レンズ６の
移動を行つているので、蛇管Ｃの屈曲状態の変化
等があつても常に対物レンズを所定量正しく移動
させることが出来、その結果正確なピント合わせ
を行うことが出来る。しかし、本焦点調節機構の
場合、円筒室２の内壁とレンズ枠５の外壁との間
に摺動摩擦抵抗が存在するので、円筒室２の後室
２ｂ内に流入する空気量又はその内圧を検出して
も対物レンズ６の移動位置を正確に知ることは出
来ない。これを正確に知るために、本焦点調節機
構では、圧力センサー９を用いている。即ち、コ
イルバネ１２には対物レンズ６及び対物レンズ枠
５の位置によつて決まる反発力が発生しており、
これがバネ受け１１を介して圧力センサー９を圧
迫しているので、該圧力センサー９の出力を検出
すれば対物レンズ６の位置を正確に知ることが出
来る。 Since the focus adjustment device for an endoscope according to the present invention is configured as described above, the illumination light guided by the light guide 14 passes through the diffusion lens 15 to illuminate the subject, and the reflected light is reflected from the cover glass 3. The light enters the objective lens 6 through the cover glass 4 and is formed into an image of the subject on the incident end surface of the image guide 13 by the objective lens 6. Next, to explain focusing, when air is sent from the operation part B to the rear chamber 2b of the cylindrical chamber 2 through the supply/exhaust pipe 7, the air pressure inside the rear chamber 2b increases, and this pressure causes the objective lens to and the lens frame 5 is a coil spring 12
The rear chamber 2b is moved forward against the elasticity of the rear chamber 2b.
It is stopped at a position where the air pressure inside and the elasticity of the coil spring 12 are balanced. On the other hand, when the air in the rear chamber 2b is exhausted through the air supply/exhaust pipe 7, the air pressure in the rear chamber 2b decreases, and as a result, the elasticity of the coil spring 12 causes the objective lens 6 and lens frame 5 to move rearward. It is stopped at a position where the air pressure in the chamber 2b and the elasticity of the coil spring 12 are balanced. Therefore, by supplying or discharging air into the rear chamber 2b of the cylindrical chamber 2 and changing the air pressure inside the rear chamber 2b, the objective lens 6 can be moved back and forth in the optical axis direction, thereby focusing. It is possible to make adjustments. In this case, since the objective lens 6 is moved using air pressure, the objective lens can always be moved correctly by a predetermined amount even if there is a change in the bending state of the flexible tube C, resulting in accurate focusing. can be done. However, in the case of this focus adjustment mechanism, since sliding frictional resistance exists between the inner wall of the cylindrical chamber 2 and the outer wall of the lens frame 5, the amount of air flowing into the rear chamber 2b of the cylindrical chamber 2 or its internal pressure is detected. However, the moving position of the objective lens 6 cannot be accurately known. In order to know this accurately, this focus adjustment mechanism uses a pressure sensor 9. That is, a repulsive force is generated in the coil spring 12, which is determined by the positions of the objective lens 6 and the objective lens frame 5.
Since this presses on the pressure sensor 9 via the spring receiver 11, the position of the objective lens 6 can be accurately known by detecting the output of the pressure sensor 9.
このように、対物レンズ６の移動位置が正しく
検出出来ると、次のような応用及び利用が可能に
なる。まず、外枠１の前端面にトランジユーサー
を配置し、被検体に向けて超音波を発射し、被検
体で反射した超音波をトランジユーサーで検出す
る。すると、外枠１の前端面から被検体までの距
離を求めることが出来、これにより被検体にピン
トを合わせするための対物レンズ６の位置も求ま
る。そこで、その位置まで対物レンズ６を圧力セ
ンサー９の出力を検出しながら正しく移動せしめ
る。以上の動作を全て自動的に行うことで、高い
精度のピント合わせが可能となる。この場合、圧
力センサー９が加えられる圧力に比例した電圧を
出力するようになつていれば、所定の距離に対し
て所定の電圧が対応することになる。従つて、超
音波により被検体までの距離が検出されたら、圧
力センサー９の出力がその距離に対応する電圧に
なるまで円筒室２の後室２ｂ内に空気を流入させ
る。この場合、空気圧が外部条件や蛇管Ｃの屈曲
或はレンズ枠５と円筒室２との摩擦抵抗等の程度
により異なることもあろうが、圧力センサー９の
出力電圧に基づく限りこのような条件に関係なく
正確にピント合わせを行うことが出来る。尚、こ
のように自動化する場合は、圧力センサー９の出
力等をいちいち外部に表示する必要はない。 In this way, if the moving position of the objective lens 6 can be detected correctly, the following applications and uses become possible. First, a transducer is placed on the front end surface of the outer frame 1, and ultrasonic waves are emitted toward the subject, and the ultrasonic waves reflected by the subject are detected by the transducer. Then, the distance from the front end surface of the outer frame 1 to the subject can be determined, and thereby the position of the objective lens 6 for focusing on the subject can also be determined. Therefore, the objective lens 6 is correctly moved to that position while detecting the output of the pressure sensor 9. By performing all of the above operations automatically, highly accurate focusing is possible. In this case, if the pressure sensor 9 is adapted to output a voltage proportional to the applied pressure, a predetermined voltage will correspond to a predetermined distance. Therefore, when the distance to the subject is detected by ultrasonic waves, air is caused to flow into the rear chamber 2b of the cylindrical chamber 2 until the output of the pressure sensor 9 reaches a voltage corresponding to the distance. In this case, the air pressure may vary depending on external conditions, the bending of the flexible tube C, the degree of frictional resistance between the lens frame 5 and the cylindrical chamber 2, etc., but as long as it is based on the output voltage of the pressure sensor 9, it will not change under these conditions. You can focus accurately no matter what. Note that in the case of automation in this manner, it is not necessary to display the output of the pressure sensor 9 externally each time.
又、操作部Ｂにより、目視或は電気的手段によ
る判別に基づき対物レンズ６を動かしながらピン
ト調節を行い、その後圧力センサー９の出力を検
出して対物レンズ６の位置を正確に求め、これに
より被検体から外枠１の前端面までの距離を知る
ことが出来る。従つて、これを応用すれば、被検
体の大きさを観察像の大きさから求めることも出
来、これは医学上臨床検査等において有用であ
る。 In addition, the operation part B adjusts the focus while moving the objective lens 6 based on visual or electrical discrimination, and then detects the output of the pressure sensor 9 to accurately determine the position of the objective lens 6. The distance from the subject to the front end surface of the outer frame 1 can be known. Therefore, if this is applied, the size of the subject can be determined from the size of the observed image, which is useful in medical clinical examinations and the like.
尚、内視鏡には上記実施例のような直視方式の
他に側視方式や斜視方式があり、又対物レンズ光
学系の一構成要素である凹レンズをカバーガラス
と兼用する場合もあるが、これらの場合は対物レ
ンズ光学系の一部を移動せしめるようにすれば良
い。又、円筒室２の後端には直接イメージガイド
１３の入射端を取付けるようにしても良い。又、
作動用の流体としては空気の代りに他の透明流体
を使用することも出来る。 In addition to the direct viewing type shown in the above embodiment, there are side viewing and oblique viewing types of endoscopes, and in some cases, a concave lens, which is a component of the objective lens optical system, is also used as a cover glass. In these cases, a part of the objective lens optical system may be moved. Alternatively, the entrance end of the image guide 13 may be directly attached to the rear end of the cylindrical chamber 2. or,
Other transparent fluids can be used instead of air as the actuating fluid.
上述の如く、本発明による内視鏡の焦点調節装
置によれば、蛇管の屈曲状態の変化等があつても
常に対物レンズを所定量正しく移動させ得るので
正確なピント合わせを行うことが出来、対物レン
ズの位置を正確に知り得るので自動焦点調節及び
被検体までの距離検出が可能である。 As described above, according to the focus adjustment device for an endoscope according to the present invention, even if there is a change in the bending state of the flexible tube, the objective lens can always be moved correctly by a predetermined amount, so that accurate focusing can be performed. Since the position of the objective lens can be accurately known, automatic focus adjustment and distance detection to the subject are possible.
第１図は本発明による焦点調節装置の一実施例
を内蔵した内視鏡の斜視図、第２図は上記実施例
の拡大垂直断面図である。
Ａ…先端部、Ｂ…操作部、Ｃ…蛇管、１…先端
部外枠、２…円筒室、３，４…カバーガラス、５
…レンズ枠、６…対物レンズ、７…給排気管、８
…大気導入管、９…圧力センサー、１０…リード
線、１１…バネ受け、１２…コイルバネ、１３…
イメージガイド、１４…ライトガイド、１５…照
明光拡散レンズ。
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an endoscope incorporating an embodiment of a focusing device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the embodiment. A...Tip part, B...Operation part, C...Serpentine tube, 1...Tip part outer frame, 2...Cylindrical chamber, 3, 4...Cover glass, 5
... Lens frame, 6... Objective lens, 7... Supply/exhaust pipe, 8
...Air introduction pipe, 9...Pressure sensor, 10...Lead wire, 11...Spring receiver, 12...Coil spring, 13...
Image guide, 14...Light guide, 15...Illumination light diffusion lens.
Claims (1)
その両端の開口が透明部材により気密に塞がれた
円筒室と、対物レンズ系の少なくとも一部を保持
したまま前記円筒室内に気密に軸方向に移動可能
に嵌挿されたレンズ枠と、前記レンズ枠により区
分されて成る前記円筒室の二つの室に夫々設けら
れた給排通路とを具備し、前記給排通路を介して
前記二つの室に透明な流体を出入させることによ
り前記レンズ枠を移動させてピント合わせを行う
ようにした内視鏡の焦点調節機構。 ２ 内視鏡の先端部に軸方向に沿つて設けられ且
つその両端の開口が透明部材により気密に塞がれ
た円筒室と、対物レンズ系の少なくとも一部を保
持したまま前記円筒室内に気密に軸方向に移動可
能に嵌挿されたレンズ枠と、前記レンズ枠により
区分されて成る前記円筒室の二つの室に夫々設け
られた給排通路と、前記内視鏡先端部内に設けら
れた圧力検出器と、前記圧力検出器と前記レンズ
枠との間に介在せしめられた弾性部材とを具備
し、前記給排通路を介して前記二つの室に透明な
流体を出入させることにより前記レンズ枠を移動
させてピント合わせを行うと共に、前記レンズ枠
の移動により生じる前記圧力検出器の出力変化に
より前記対物レンズ系の位置を知るようにした内
視鏡の焦点調節機構。[Scope of Claims] 1. A cylindrical chamber provided along the axial direction at the distal end of the endoscope, the openings at both ends of which are hermetically closed with transparent members, and a cylindrical chamber that retains at least a portion of the objective lens system. A lens frame is fitted into the cylindrical chamber so as to be movable in the axial direction in an airtight manner, and a supply/discharge passage is provided in each of the two chambers of the cylindrical chamber partitioned by the lens frame. A focus adjustment mechanism for an endoscope that moves the lens frame and adjusts focus by allowing transparent fluid to enter and exit the two chambers through a drainage path. 2. A cylindrical chamber provided along the axial direction at the distal end of the endoscope, the openings at both ends of which are hermetically closed with transparent members, and an airtight chamber inside the cylindrical chamber while holding at least a portion of the objective lens system. a lens frame fitted so as to be movable in the axial direction; a supply/discharge passage provided in each of the two chambers of the cylindrical chamber divided by the lens frame; and a supply/discharge passage provided in the distal end of the endoscope. The lens includes a pressure detector, and an elastic member interposed between the pressure detector and the lens frame, and the lens is supplied with a transparent fluid in and out of the two chambers through the supply/discharge passage. A focus adjustment mechanism for an endoscope, in which focusing is performed by moving a frame, and the position of the objective lens system is determined by a change in the output of the pressure detector caused by the movement of the lens frame.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56184742A JPS5886512A (en) | 1981-11-18 | 1981-11-18 | Focus adjusting mechanism of endoscope |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56184742A JPS5886512A (en) | 1981-11-18 | 1981-11-18 | Focus adjusting mechanism of endoscope |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5886512A JPS5886512A (en) | 1983-05-24 |
| JPH0151810B2 true JPH0151810B2 (en) | 1989-11-06 |
Family
ID=16158551
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56184742A Granted JPS5886512A (en) | 1981-11-18 | 1981-11-18 | Focus adjusting mechanism of endoscope |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5886512A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022080270A1 (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2022-04-21 | 昭和電工株式会社 | Fluorobutene storage method |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61167616U (en) * | 1985-04-05 | 1986-10-17 | ||
| JPS62212615A (en) * | 1986-03-13 | 1987-09-18 | Mitsubishi Cable Ind Ltd | Image guide scope |
| JPH0620879B2 (en) * | 1987-03-10 | 1994-03-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Vehicle acceleration slip controller |
| JP2784580B2 (en) * | 1988-11-22 | 1998-08-06 | ジーイー横河メディカルシステム株式会社 | Focusing mechanism |
| JP4245577B2 (en) | 2005-03-22 | 2009-03-25 | シャープ株式会社 | Lens position control device and imaging module |
| EP2661211B1 (en) * | 2011-01-05 | 2022-03-30 | Bar-Ilan University | Imaging system and method using multicore fiber |
| CN113791485B (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2022-11-11 | 华为技术有限公司 | Camera module and electronic equipment |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4929116U (en) * | 1972-05-24 | 1974-03-13 |
-
1981
- 1981-11-18 JP JP56184742A patent/JPS5886512A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4929116U (en) * | 1972-05-24 | 1974-03-13 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022080270A1 (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2022-04-21 | 昭和電工株式会社 | Fluorobutene storage method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5886512A (en) | 1983-05-24 |
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