JPH0149752B2 - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- JPH0149752B2 JPH0149752B2 JP13197286A JP13197286A JPH0149752B2 JP H0149752 B2 JPH0149752 B2 JP H0149752B2 JP 13197286 A JP13197286 A JP 13197286A JP 13197286 A JP13197286 A JP 13197286A JP H0149752 B2 JPH0149752 B2 JP H0149752B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- chalk
- weight
- wax
- parts
- composition according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- -1 phthalate ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940057995 liquid paraffin Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical class OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012169 petroleum derived wax Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019381 petroleum wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012178 vegetable wax Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004203 carnauba wax Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013869 carnauba wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004170 rice bran wax Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019384 rice bran wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010215 titanium dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Inorganic materials [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000010495 camellia oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OEIWPNWSDYFMIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OCCCCCCCC)C=C1 OEIWPNWSDYFMIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005183 environmental health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011507 gypsum plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012463 white pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
Description
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は白墨組成物及びその製法に係り、殊に
白墨として成形される場合に手指に付着せず、描
画性が良好であり、乾布で消去でき且つこの際に
粉末化して飛散することのない白墨組成物及びそ
の製法に係る。
（従来の技術）
白墨として黒板用の筆記具として従来から使用
されており、殊に教育の場においては欠くことの
できない資材である。
従来製造されて来た白墨としては無機質顔料と
して焼石膏を用いたものと炭酸カルシウムを用い
たものとがある。前者の白墨は焼石膏に適量の水
を加え練合して泥状物となし、これを金属製の型
に流し込み、硬化後に離型させ乾燥することによ
り製造され、一方後者の白墨は炭酸カルシウムに
適量の粘着剤と水とを添加して練合し、押出し機
により棒状に成形し、所定長さとなるように切断
した上で乾燥することにより製造されている。こ
れらの白墨の含水率は規格化されており、１％以
下である。更に、所謂「色チヨーク」も市販され
ているが、これは白墨の原料素材に着色顔料を配
合して製造されている。
尚、これらの白墨や色チヨークの内には、筆記
に際して手指に粉末が付着しないように表面に皮
膜加工を施したものも製造市販されるに至つてい
る。
（発明が解決しようとする問題点及び発明の目
的）
従来の白墨や色チヨーク（以下、単に「白墨」
と称する）は、基本的には、無機質顔料である焼
石膏や炭酸カルシウムの粉末を単に固めたに過ぎ
ないので、描画時に手指に粉末が付着し易い。こ
のために上述のように表面に皮膜加工を施したも
のも提案されているが、筆記された文字や絵を消
去する場合に粉末となつて飛散し、衣服や周囲を
汚染したり、殊に飛散粉末は軽質であるために呼
吸時に吸入される場合があり、環境衛生上問題と
されて来た。更に、白墨による運筆は快適に行な
うことができ、且つ筆記された文字や絵の描線は
良好なものとなるが、粗面化させた所謂黒板に対
してのみ適用可能であるために、消去時の粉末飛
散を避けようとしたり、又は平滑面での運筆を行
なう場合には、白墨の代りに所謂マーキングペン
を用いてホウロウ引きや合成樹脂製の白板に描か
ざるを得ない問題があつた。
従つて、本発明の目的は粗面のみならず、平滑
面にも筆記可能であり、筆記に際して手指が汚れ
ず且つ運筆性に優れ、筆記された文字や絵の描線
が従来の白墨と同様に良好であり、しかも通例の
黒板拭きで即ち乾布により消去することができ、
この際に粉末化せず従つて飛散することのない白
墨用の組成物及びその製法を提供することにあ
る。
（問題点を解決するための手段及び作用）
上記の問題点を解決して上記の目的を達成す
る、本発明による白墨組成物は高融点蝋14〜45重
量部と、滑剤５〜20重量部と、非イオン系界面活
性剤10〜20重量部と、ゼオライト、アルコール
類、脂肪酸エステル、フタル酸エステル及び流動
パラフインから選ばれたもの３〜10重量部と、無
機質顔料33〜50重量部とからなることを特徴とし
ている。
本発明による白墨組成物において無機質顔料と
しては自体公知の素材であるチタン白粉末、炭酸
カルシウム粉末及び焼石膏粉末の少なくとも１種
が用いられる。このような無機質顔料を安定に包
蔵して粉末化を阻止すると共に筆記に際し黒板に
対して摩擦抵抗により容易に付着し、力強い描線
をもたらすのに適切な素材として蝋成分殊に後述
の理由で高融点蝋が本発明による白墨組成物にお
いて選択された。白墨となす観点から、上記の蝋
中にはできるだけ多量の無機質顔料を包蔵させる
ことが肝要であり、この多量の無機質顔料を安定
に分散させて凝集を防止するには界面活性剤の使
用が当然考えられ、他の配合成分との関連から本
発明による白墨組成物においては非イオン系界面
活性剤が採択された。この非イオン系界面活性剤
としてはポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル
型、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアリルエーテル
型及びポリオキシエチレンアルキルエステル型及
びポリオキシエチレンアルキルアミン型、アルコ
ールエトキシレート型のもの並びにソルビタン誘
導体を用いることができる。水溶性クレヨンやこ
れを白板用チヨークとしたものには蝋に非イオン
系界面活性剤を添加することが知られているが、
上記のような非イオン系界面活性剤を用いて蝋中
に無機質顔料を包蔵させて製造した白墨は水溶性
を呈し、筆記した文字や絵の消去には水を含んだ
湿布を必要とした。
しかしながら、白墨による描線の消去は乾布で
行ない得ることが好ましいので、これについて研
究を行なつた結果、ゼオライト、アルコール類、
脂肪酸エステル、フタル酸エステル又は流動パラ
フインを添加すれば乾布による描線の消去が可能
となることが判明した。これらの添加物の内でア
ルコール類としては高級アルコール、エチレング
リコール、プロピレングリコール、ポリエチレン
グリコール、グリセリン等を挙げることができ、
脂肪酸エステルとしては飽和又は不飽和の脂肪酸
エステル、殊に高級脂肪酸エステルや植物油を挙
げることができ、又フタル酸エステルとしてはジ
エステル型のもの例えばジオクチルテレフタレー
ト、ジブチルフタレート等を挙げることができ
る。植物油としては、白墨製造後におけるその変
性を防止するために沃素価70〜130程度の半乾性
油又は不乾性油、具体的にはトウモロコシ油、ナ
タネ油、オリーブ油、ヒマシ油、ツバキ油等が採
択される。尚、非イオン系界面活性剤と上記の添
加剤との組合せにおいて、描線の乾布消去に関し
ては、HLB（親水性−疎水性バランス）値10以上
のポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル型又はア
ルコールエトキシレート型のもの、もしくはソル
ビタン誘導体と、植物油、フタル酸ジエステル又
は流動パラフインとを組合せた場合に良好となる
ことが判明した。
尚、上記のような界面活性剤を添加することに
より、蝋中における無機質顔料の安定な包蔵が達
成され、また、上記のような添加物を配合するこ
とにより乾布による描線消去性が向上するがこれ
らの界面活性剤や添加物の存在は蝋の温度耐性を
低下させ、このような白墨組成物を用いて成形さ
れた白墨は熱変形し易くなると謂うマイナス効果
をもたらす。白墨の温度耐性は規格化されていな
いが基準としては類似組成を有するクレヨンやパ
ス（パステル）の軟化試験（JIS−S6026）に合
格すれば良いものと考えられる。このために本発
明による白墨組成物においては母材である蝋とし
て高融点蝋が採択される。この高融点蝋としては
合成蝋、石油蝋及び植物蝋があり、合成蝋として
はFT蝋（Fisher−Tropsch waxes、融点100〜
107℃）が好適であり、石油蝋としてはマイクロ
ワツクス（融点65〜95℃）が好適であり、又植物
蝋としては米糠蝋（融点72〜77℃）やカルナウバ
蝋（融点72〜86℃）が好適である。これらの高融
点蝋は単独で又は組合せて用いられるが、これら
の高融点蝋を採択して製造された白墨を用いて黒
板に筆記する場合には運筆に際して滑り易くなつ
て書き味が悪く、描線は硬い感じを呈し、慣用の
白墨を用いて筆記した場合のような力強い描線と
はならなくなり、又白墨の成形を押出し機により
行なう場合に離型性が甚だ悪くなる。このような
不都合を解消するために、本発明による白墨組成
物では滑剤が用いられる。この滑剤としてはステ
アリン酸が好ましい。
本発明は、上記の根拠に基き配合成分が特定さ
れ、目的との関連においてこれら諸成分の配合割
合を種々検討した結果、所期の白墨をもたらし得
る組成物が得られ、完成に至つたのである。
本発明による白墨組成物を構成する各成分の重
量比は既述の通りであるが、本発明方法によれ
ば、無機質顔料以外の諸成分を先ず配合し加熱溶
融させて蝋状組成物が調製され、次いでこの蝋状
組成物（溶融状態にある）に対して無機質顔料を
配合することにより白墨組成物が製造される。本
発明によるこの方法は、高融点蝋30重量部と、滑
剤５〜30重量部と、非イオン系界面活性剤10〜30
重量部と、ゼオライト、アルコール類、脂肪酸エ
ステル、フタル酸エステル及び流動パラフインか
ら選ばれたもの３〜15重量部とを配合し加熱溶融
させて蝋状組成物を調製し、この蝋状組成物と無
機質顔料とを１対0.5〜１の重量比で配合するこ
とを特徴としている。
白墨の内で白色チヨークの場合には無機質顔料
として白色顔料例えば既述のようにチタン白粉
末、炭酸カルシウム粉末、焼石膏粉末等から選ば
れた少なくとも１種が用いられ、白色以外の所謂
「色チヨーク」の場合には上記白色顔料の極く１
部が着色顔料で代替される。
このようにして製造された本発明による白墨組
成物は、これが溶融状態にある間に常法により金
属製のパイプに流し込み、冷却固化させた後に押
出して棒状成形物となし、次いで切断することに
より所定長さの白墨製品とすることができる。
尚、本発明方法において、蝋状組成物の調製に
際しての各成分の配合量が上記の如く設定され、
又この蝋状組成物と無機質顔料とを配合して白墨
組成物になすに際しての両者の配合比が上記の如
く設定された理由は下記の通りである。
先ず、高融点蝋の配合量は白墨製品となす場合
の押出し成形時の離型及び白墨製品としての筆記
性や書き味を考慮して30重量部に設定された。滑
剤に関しては配合量を５重量部未満になすと白墨
製品となす場合の金型からの離型性が低下し、又
30重量部をこえると融点が低下し、液体成分の滲
出が多くなるのみならず、滑剤自体の相分離が生
じ易くなるために５〜30重量部に設定されたもの
であり、滑剤としてステアリン酸を用いる場合の
最も好ましい配合量は20±５重量部である。非イ
オン系界面活性剤に関しては配合量を10重量部未
満になすと蝋状組成物にチタン白等の無機質顔料
を配合する場合にその相分離を生じ易くなり、又
30重量部をこえると融点が低下し液体成分が滲出
し易くなり、白墨製品とする場合の筆記性が低下
するために10〜30重量部に設定されたものであ
り、その最も好ましい配合量は20±５重量部であ
る。ゼオライト、アルコール類、脂肪酸エステ
ル、フタル酸エステル及び流動パラフインから選
ばれたものとは白墨製品になされる場合にその乾
布消去法をもたらすための添加物であり、蝋状組
成物におけるその配合量が３重量部未満では乾布
消去性に寄与する処が少なく、又15重量部をこえ
ると液体成分の滲出が大となるために３〜15重量
部に設定されており、この添加物として脂肪酸エ
ステル、殊に植物油を用いたり又は流動パラフイ
ンを用いる場合にはその配合量として10±２重量
部が最適であり、又フタル酸ジエステルを用いる
場合には７±３重量部が最適である。尚、蝋状組
成物と無機質顔料とは１対0.5〜１の重量比で配
合されるが、これは１対0.5未満になすと白墨製
品となして筆記した場合の隠蔽力が低下し、又１
対１をこえて無機質顔料を配合すると白墨製品と
なす場合に脆くなり、成形性延いては製品の歩留
りに低下が生じるからであり、その好ましい配合
重量比は１対0.7±0.1である。
（実施例等）
実施例１〜14、比較例１〜２及び性能試験
下記表１に掲記されているような成分、配合割
合で配合し加熱溶融させて先ず蝋状組成物を調製
し、次いでこれに無機質顔料成分を表１に掲記さ
れている配合割合で配合して各種の白墨組成物を
得た。
溶融状態にある各白墨組成物を白墨成形用の慣
用の金属製成形パイプに流し込み、水冷固化さ
せ、次いで押し出して棒状成形物とし、更に切断
して一定長さの白墨を製造した。これらの各白墨
は、クレヨン及びパステルに関する軟化試験
（JIS−S6026）に合格するものであつた。
尚、これら白墨について及びその製造過程にお
いて、３名の専門家パネラーにより、次の試験即
ち
顔料分散性：
溶融状態にある白墨組成物を撹拌した後に相分
離を起こす状態を目視観察し、これに基き判定す
る、
描画性：
各白墨を用いて合成樹脂性平滑板上に描線を画
き、この描線が均一であるか否か及び擦過抵抗に
基く書き味により判定する、
押出し成形性：
成形パイプからの押出し時の難易性と折損の有
無に基き判定、
乾布消去性：
黒板拭きで軽く３回擦過し、描線の消去の程度
に基き判定する。
なお、判定は良、可、不可の３段階評価（可は
一応の合格ラインに達したもののと判定）による
ものであり、これら試験の結果は表１に示される
通りであつて、これから比較例１及び２の白墨組
成物から製造される白墨は乾布消去性が悪く、従
つてこれらの白墨組成物は採用し得ないものであ
ることが判明した。
(Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a chalk composition and a method for producing the same, and in particular, when molded as chalk, it does not stick to hands and fingers, has good drawing properties, can be erased with a dry cloth, and can be powdered at this time. The present invention relates to a chalk composition that does not turn or scatter, and a method for producing the same. (Prior Art) Chalk has traditionally been used as a writing instrument for blackboards, and is an indispensable material, especially in educational settings. Conventionally produced chalks include those using calcined gypsum and those using calcium carbonate as an inorganic pigment. The former type of chalk is manufactured by adding an appropriate amount of water to calcined gypsum and kneading it to form a slurry, which is then poured into a metal mold and, after hardening, is released from the mold and dried.On the other hand, the latter type of chalk is made from calcium carbonate. It is manufactured by adding an appropriate amount of adhesive and water, kneading it, shaping it into a rod using an extruder, cutting it into a predetermined length, and drying it. The moisture content of these chalks is standardized and is 1% or less. Furthermore, so-called "color chiyoke" is also commercially available, but this is manufactured by blending colored pigments with the raw material of chalk. Incidentally, among these chalk and colored chalks, those whose surfaces are coated with a film to prevent powder from adhering to the hands and fingers during writing have come to be manufactured and sold commercially. (Problems to be solved by the invention and purpose of the invention) Conventional chalk and colored chalk (hereinafter simply "chalk")
) is basically just hardened powder of inorganic pigments such as plaster of Paris or calcium carbonate, so the powder tends to stick to your hands and fingers when drawing. For this reason, as mentioned above, products with a film treatment on the surface have been proposed, but when erasing written letters or pictures, they become powder and scatter, contaminating clothes and surroundings, and especially Since the scattered powder is light, it may be inhaled when breathing, and has been considered an environmental health problem. Furthermore, although chalk can be used comfortably and the lines of written letters and pictures are good, it is only applicable to so-called blackboards with a roughened surface, so it is difficult to erase when erasing. When trying to avoid powder scattering or when writing on a smooth surface, there was a problem in that a so-called marking pen had to be used instead of chalk to draw on an enameled or synthetic resin white board. Therefore, the object of the present invention is to be able to write not only on rough surfaces but also on smooth surfaces, to prevent the fingers from getting dirty when writing, to have excellent brush strokes, and to ensure that the lines of written characters and pictures are similar to those of conventional chalk. It is in good condition and can be erased with a regular blackboard wipe, that is, with a dry cloth.
The object of the present invention is to provide a composition for chalk that does not turn into powder and therefore does not scatter during the process, and a method for producing the same. (Means and effects for solving the problems) The chalk composition according to the present invention, which solves the above problems and achieves the above objects, contains 14 to 45 parts by weight of a high melting point wax and 5 to 20 parts by weight of a lubricant. , 10 to 20 parts by weight of a nonionic surfactant, 3 to 10 parts by weight of a substance selected from zeolites, alcohols, fatty acid esters, phthalate esters, and liquid paraffin, and 33 to 50 parts by weight of an inorganic pigment. It is characterized by becoming. In the chalk composition according to the present invention, at least one of per se known materials such as titanium white powder, calcium carbonate powder, and calcined gypsum powder is used as the inorganic pigment. Wax is an appropriate material to stably encapsulate such inorganic pigments and prevent them from becoming powder, and also to easily adhere to the blackboard due to frictional resistance during writing, resulting in strong drawn lines. A melting point wax was selected in the chalk composition according to the invention. From the viewpoint of making chalk, it is important to embed as much inorganic pigment as possible in the wax, and it is natural to use a surfactant to stably disperse this large amount of inorganic pigment and prevent agglomeration. Therefore, a nonionic surfactant was selected in the chalk composition according to the present invention in relation to other ingredients. As the nonionic surfactant, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether type, polyoxyethylene alkyl allyl ether type, polyoxyethylene alkyl ester type, polyoxyethylene alkyl amine type, alcohol ethoxylate type, and sorbitan derivatives may be used. Can be done. It is known that nonionic surfactants are added to the wax for water-soluble crayons and those used for whiteboards.
Chalk made by encapsulating inorganic pigments in wax using a nonionic surfactant as described above is water-soluble and requires a wet cloth to erase written letters and pictures. However, it is preferable to erase lines drawn with chalk using a dry cloth, and as a result of research on this, we found that zeolites, alcohols,
It has been found that the addition of fatty acid ester, phthalate ester, or liquid paraffin makes it possible to erase lines drawn with a dry cloth. Among these additives, alcohols include higher alcohols, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, glycerin, etc.
Examples of fatty acid esters include saturated or unsaturated fatty acid esters, particularly higher fatty acid esters and vegetable oils, and examples of phthalate esters include diester types such as dioctyl terephthalate and dibutyl phthalate. Semi-drying oils or non-drying oils with an iodine value of about 70 to 130, specifically corn oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil, castor oil, camellia oil, etc., are selected as vegetable oils to prevent denaturation after chalk production. be done. In addition, in the combination of a nonionic surfactant and the above additives, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether type or alcohol ethoxylate type with an HLB (hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance) value of 10 or more can be used to erase drawn lines with a dry cloth. It has been found that the combination of sorbitan derivatives or sorbitan derivatives with vegetable oil, phthalic acid diester or liquid paraffin is effective. In addition, by adding the above surfactants, stable encapsulation of the inorganic pigment in the wax is achieved, and by blending the above additives, the ability to erase drawn lines with a dry cloth is improved. The presence of these surfactants and additives lowers the temperature resistance of the wax, which has the negative effect of making chalk molded using such a chalk composition more susceptible to thermal deformation. The temperature resistance of chalk has not been standardized, but it is considered that the standard is that it passes the softening test (JIS-S6026) for crayons and pastels with similar compositions. For this reason, in the chalk composition according to the present invention, a high melting point wax is used as the base wax. High melting point waxes include synthetic waxes, petroleum waxes, and vegetable waxes, and synthetic waxes include FT waxes (Fisher-Tropsch waxes, melting points of 100 to 100%).
Microwax (melting point 65-95°C) is suitable as a petroleum wax, and rice bran wax (melting point 72-77°C) and carnauba wax (melting point 72-86°C) are suitable as vegetable waxes. ) is preferred. These high melting point waxes can be used alone or in combination, but when writing on a blackboard using chalk manufactured using these high melting point waxes, the writing becomes slippery and the writing tastes poor, resulting in poor line drawing. gives a hard feel and does not produce strong lines as when written using conventional chalk, and also has extremely poor mold releasability when molding the chalk using an extruder. In order to eliminate such disadvantages, a lubricant is used in the chalk composition according to the present invention. Stearic acid is preferred as this lubricant. The present invention has been completed because the ingredients were specified based on the above basis, and as a result of various examinations of the proportions of these ingredients in relation to the purpose, a composition capable of producing the desired chalk was obtained. be. The weight ratio of each component constituting the chalk composition according to the present invention is as described above, but according to the method of the present invention, various components other than the inorganic pigment are first blended and heated and melted to prepare a waxy composition. A chalk composition is then produced by blending an inorganic pigment with this waxy composition (in a molten state). This method according to the invention consists of 30 parts by weight of a high melting point wax, 5 to 30 parts by weight of a lubricant, and 10 to 30 parts by weight of a nonionic surfactant.
parts by weight and 3 to 15 parts by weight of a substance selected from zeolite, alcohols, fatty acid esters, phthalate esters, and liquid paraffin and melted with heat to prepare a waxy composition. It is characterized by being blended with an inorganic pigment at a weight ratio of 0.5 to 1:1. Among chalks, in the case of white chiyoke, at least one type of white pigment selected from white pigments such as titanium white powder, calcium carbonate powder, calcined gypsum powder, etc. as mentioned above is used as an inorganic pigment, and so-called "colors other than white" are used. In the case of "Chiyok", only one of the above white pigments is used.
part is replaced with colored pigments. The chalk composition according to the present invention thus produced is poured into a metal pipe in a conventional manner while it is in a molten state, cooled and solidified, and then extruded into a rod-shaped molded product, which is then cut. It can be a chalk product of a predetermined length. In addition, in the method of the present invention, the blending amount of each component is set as described above when preparing the waxy composition,
The reason why the mixing ratio of the waxy composition and the inorganic pigment to form a chalk composition was set as described above is as follows. First, the amount of high melting point wax was set at 30 parts by weight in consideration of mold release during extrusion molding when making a chalk product, and the writability and feel of a chalk product. Regarding the lubricant, if the blending amount is less than 5 parts by weight, the releasability from the mold when making a chalk product will decrease;
If the amount exceeds 30 parts by weight, the melting point will decrease and the liquid component will seep out more, and the lubricant itself will be more likely to undergo phase separation, so the amount is set at 5 to 30 parts by weight. The most preferred amount is 20±5 parts by weight. Regarding nonionic surfactants, if the blending amount is less than 10 parts by weight, phase separation may easily occur when inorganic pigments such as titanium white are blended into waxy compositions.
If it exceeds 30 parts by weight, the melting point will decrease and the liquid component will easily ooze out, resulting in poor writability when used as a chalk product, so it is set at 10 to 30 parts by weight. It is 20±5 parts by weight. Zeolites, alcohols, fatty acid esters, phthalate esters, and liquid paraffins are additives to provide dry cloth erasure when made into chalk products, and their amount in waxy compositions is If it is less than 3 parts by weight, there is little contribution to the erasability with dry cloth, and if it exceeds 15 parts by weight, the liquid component will seep out, so the range is set at 3 to 15 parts by weight, and the additives include fatty acid ester, In particular, when vegetable oil or liquid paraffin is used, the optimum amount is 10±2 parts by weight, and when phthalic acid diester is used, 7±3 parts by weight is optimum. The waxy composition and the inorganic pigment are blended at a weight ratio of 1:0.5 to 1, but if the weight ratio is less than 1:0.5, the hiding power when written on as a chalk product will decrease; 1
This is because if the ratio of inorganic pigments exceeds 1:1, the chalk product will become brittle, resulting in a decrease in moldability and product yield.The preferred blending weight ratio is 1:0.7±0.1. (Examples, etc.) Examples 1 to 14, Comparative Examples 1 to 2, and Performance Tests First, a waxy composition was prepared by blending the components and proportions listed in Table 1 below and melting them by heating. Various chalk compositions were obtained by blending inorganic pigment components in the proportions shown in Table 1. Each chalk composition in a molten state was poured into a metal molding pipe commonly used for molding chalk, solidified by water cooling, and then extruded into rod-shaped molded products, which were further cut to produce chalk of a certain length. Each of these chalks passed the softening test (JIS-S6026) for crayons and pastels. Regarding these chalks and their manufacturing process, three expert panelists conducted the following test, namely pigment dispersibility: Visually observed the state in which phase separation occurs after stirring the chalk composition in a molten state. Judgment based on drawing quality: Draw a line using each chalk on a smooth synthetic resin board, and judge whether the drawn line is uniform or not and the writing quality based on scratch resistance. Extrusion moldability: From a molded pipe Judgment is based on the difficulty of extrusion and presence or absence of breakage.Dry cloth erasability: Lightly rubbed three times with a blackboard wipe, and judged based on the degree of erasure of drawn lines. The judgment is based on a three-level evaluation of good, fair, and poor (pass means that the pass mark has been reached), and the results of these tests are shown in Table 1. It was found that the chalk produced from the chalk compositions Nos. 1 and 2 had poor erasability with a dry cloth, and therefore these chalk compositions could not be employed.
【表】【table】
【表】
実施例15〜17及び性能試験
下記表２に掲記されているような成分割合で、
無機質顔料（DIAWHITE）以外の諸成分を配合
し、加熱溶融して先ず蝋状組成物を調製して、次
いでこれに無機質顔料を添加混合して各種の白墨
組成物を得た。
溶融状態にある各白墨組成物を白墨成形用の慣
用の金属製成形パイプに流し込み、水冷固化さ
せ、次いで押出して棒状成形物となし、更に切断
して一定長さの白墨を製造した。
これらの各白墨の製造過程において並びに得ら
れた各白墨について、前記実施例１〜14に記載と
同様な試験を実施した。結果は表２に示されてい
る通りであり、何れの試験においても良好であつ
た。[Table] Examples 15 to 17 and performance test With the component ratios listed in Table 2 below,
Various components other than the inorganic pigment (DIAWHITE) were blended and heated and melted to prepare a waxy composition, and then the inorganic pigment was added and mixed to obtain various chalk compositions. Each chalk composition in a molten state was poured into a metal molding pipe commonly used for molding chalk, solidified by cooling with water, and then extruded to form rod-shaped molded products, which were further cut to produce chalk of a certain length. Tests similar to those described in Examples 1 to 14 above were conducted on each of the chalks obtained in the manufacturing process of each of these chalks. The results are shown in Table 2, and the results were good in all tests.
【表】
クリスタルワツクス等：表１参照
比較例３〜11及び性能試験
前記実施例１〜14及び比較例１〜２と同様にし
て、但し後記表３に示される諸成分及び配合量で
蝋状組成物を、次いで白墨組成物をそれぞれ調製
した。
これらの各白墨組成物の組成における特色は下
記の点にある。
比較例 ３
滑剤としてパルミチン酸を使用
比較例 ４及び５
滑剤としてのステアリン酸が好ましい配合範囲
から逸脱
比較例 ６及び７
非イオン系界面活性剤が好ましい配合範囲から
逸脱
比較例 ８及び９
植物油（脂肪酸エステル）が好ましい範囲から
逸脱
比較例 10及び11
顔料が好ましい配合範囲から逸脱
これらの各白墨組成物を用いて白墨を製造し、
この各白墨について及びその製造過程において、
実施例１〜14に記載と同様な試験を実施した。結
果は表３に示されている通りであり、これから、
これらの比較例による白墨組成物は何れも何等か
の欠陥を有していることが判る。[Table] Crystal wax, etc.: See Table 1 Comparative Examples 3 to 11 and performance test Wax was prepared in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 14 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2, but with the ingredients and blending amounts shown in Table 3 below. A chalk composition was prepared, followed by a chalk composition. The characteristics of the composition of each of these chalk compositions are as follows. Comparative Example 3 Palmitic acid is used as a lubricant Comparative Examples 4 and 5 Stearic acid as a lubricant deviates from the preferred blending range Comparative Examples 6 and 7 Nonionic surfactant deviates from the preferred blending range Comparative Examples 8 and 9 Vegetable oil (fatty acid) Comparative Examples 10 and 11 Pigments deviate from the preferred range Chalk was produced using each of these chalk compositions,
Regarding each chalk and its manufacturing process,
Tests similar to those described in Examples 1-14 were conducted. The results are shown in Table 3, and from now on,
It can be seen that the chalk compositions according to these comparative examples all have some kind of defect.
【表】【table】
【表】
クリスタルワツクス等：表１参照
（発明の効果）
本発明によれば顔料分散性や押出し成形性に優
れた白墨組成物及びその製法が提供される。本発
明による白墨組成物を用いて製造される白墨は、
従来の白墨が有している筆記性や乾布消去性等の
長所を維持しており、しかも粉末飛散性を有さ
ず、更に平滑黒板にも適用可能であると謂う効果
を有している。[Table] Crystal Wax etc.: See Table 1 (Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, a chalk composition with excellent pigment dispersibility and extrusion moldability and a method for producing the same are provided. Chalk produced using the chalk composition according to the present invention is
It maintains the advantages of conventional chalk, such as ease of writing and erasability with dry cloth, and has no powder scattering properties, and has the advantage of being applicable to smooth blackboards.
Claims (1)
と、非イオ系界面活性剤10〜20重量部と、植物
油、フタル酸エステル及び流動バラフインから選
ばれたもの３〜10重量部と、無機質顔料33〜50重
量部とからなる白墨組成物。 ２ 高融点蝋が合成蝋、石油蝋及び植物蝋から選
択された少なくとも１種である特許請求の範囲第
１項に記載の白墨組成物。 ３ 滑剤がステアリン酸である特許請求の範囲第
１又は２項に記載の白墨組成物。 ４ 非イオン系界面活性剤がポリオキシエチレン
アルキルエーテル型、ポリオキシエチレンアルキ
ルアリルエーテル型、ポリオキシエチレンアルキ
ルエステル型及びポリオキシエチレンアルキルア
ミン型、アルコールエトキシレート型のもの並び
にソルビタン誘導体から選ばれたものである特許
請求の範囲第１〜３項の何れか１つに記載の白墨
組成物。 ５ フタル酸エステルがジオクチルフタレート及
びジブチルフタレートから選ばれた少なくとも１
種である特許請求の範囲第１〜４項の何れか１つ
に記載の白墨組成物。 ６ 無機質顔料がチタン白粉末、炭酸カルシウム
粉末及び焼石膏粉末から選ばれた少なくとも１種
である特許請求の範囲第１〜５項の何れか１つに
記載の白墨組成物。 ７ 合成蝋としてFT蝋が、石油蝋としてマイク
ロワツクスが、植物蝋として米糠蝋及びカルナウ
バ蝋の少なくとも１種が選択される特許請求の範
囲第２項に記載の白墨組成物。 ８ 植物油が沃素価70〜130の半乾性油及び不乾
性油から選択される特許請求の範囲第１項に記載
の白墨組成物。 ９ 植物油がトウモロコシ油、オリーブ油及びヒ
マシ油から選択される特許請求の範囲第８項に記
載の白墨組成物。 １０ 高融点蝋30重量部と、滑剤５〜30重量部
と、非イオン系界面活性剤10〜30重量部と、植物
油、フタル酸エステル及び流動パラフインから選
ばれたもの３〜15重量部とを配合し加熱溶融させ
て蝋状組成物を調整し、この蝋状組成物と無機質
顔料とを１対0.5〜１の重量比で配合することを
特徴とする、白墨組成物の製法。[Claims] 1. 14 to 45 parts by weight of a high melting point wax, 5 to 20 parts by weight of a lubricant, 10 to 20 parts by weight of a non-ionic surfactant, selected from vegetable oil, phthalate ester, and liquid paraffin. A chalk composition comprising 3 to 10 parts by weight of pigment and 33 to 50 parts by weight of inorganic pigment. 2. The chalk composition according to claim 1, wherein the high melting point wax is at least one selected from synthetic wax, petroleum wax, and vegetable wax. 3. The chalk composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lubricant is stearic acid. 4. The nonionic surfactant was selected from polyoxyethylene alkyl ether type, polyoxyethylene alkyl allyl ether type, polyoxyethylene alkyl ester type and polyoxyethylene alkyl amine type, alcohol ethoxylate type, and sorbitan derivatives. The chalk composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is a chalk composition. 5 At least one phthalate ester selected from dioctyl phthalate and dibutyl phthalate
The chalk composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is a seed. 6. The chalk composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the inorganic pigment is at least one selected from white titanium powder, calcium carbonate powder, and calcined gypsum powder. 7. The chalk composition according to claim 2, wherein FT wax is selected as the synthetic wax, microwax is selected as the petroleum wax, and at least one of rice bran wax and carnauba wax is selected as the vegetable wax. 8. The chalk composition according to claim 1, wherein the vegetable oil is selected from semi-drying oils and non-drying oils having an iodine value of 70 to 130. 9. A chalk composition according to claim 8, wherein the vegetable oil is selected from corn oil, olive oil and castor oil. 10 30 parts by weight of a high melting point wax, 5 to 30 parts by weight of a lubricant, 10 to 30 parts by weight of a nonionic surfactant, and 3 to 15 parts by weight of a substance selected from vegetable oil, phthalate ester, and liquid paraffin. 1. A method for producing a chalk composition, which comprises preparing a waxy composition by blending and heating and melting the composition, and blending the waxy composition and an inorganic pigment at a weight ratio of 1:0.5 to 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13197286A JPS62288673A (en) | 1986-06-09 | 1986-06-09 | Chalk composition and production thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13197286A JPS62288673A (en) | 1986-06-09 | 1986-06-09 | Chalk composition and production thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62288673A JPS62288673A (en) | 1987-12-15 |
| JPH0149752B2 true JPH0149752B2 (en) | 1989-10-25 |
Family
ID=15070532
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13197286A Granted JPS62288673A (en) | 1986-06-09 | 1986-06-09 | Chalk composition and production thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62288673A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006070195A (en) * | 2004-09-03 | 2006-03-16 | Hokkaido | Chalk |
| JP2007031612A (en) * | 2005-07-28 | 2007-02-08 | Nippon Rikagaku Kogyo Kk | Chalk composition and method for producing the same |
| JP2011140166A (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2011-07-21 | Kaneka Corp | Writing sheet with fine irregular structure |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0696278B2 (en) * | 1988-08-08 | 1994-11-30 | シンロイヒ株式会社 | Colored candle and its manufacturing method |
| JP3075622B2 (en) * | 1992-01-17 | 2000-08-14 | 株式会社サクラクレパス | Erasable ink composition for writing board |
| US5730788A (en) * | 1994-01-05 | 1998-03-24 | Gil Soriano; Enrique | Correction product |
| US5352279A (en) * | 1994-02-02 | 1994-10-04 | Rapid Mounting & Finishing Co.-Cadaco Division | Washable pavement chalk composition |
| KR20040015924A (en) * | 2002-08-14 | 2004-02-21 | 한명희 | Environment and health affinitive chalk composition |
| JP5089057B2 (en) * | 2005-03-02 | 2012-12-05 | 株式会社サクラクレパス | crayon |
| CN102952433B (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2015-05-13 | 赵志华 | Water-soluble chalk |
| CN109651895A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-04-19 | 周中罡 | Eggshell dust-free chalk production method |
-
1986
- 1986-06-09 JP JP13197286A patent/JPS62288673A/en active Granted
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006070195A (en) * | 2004-09-03 | 2006-03-16 | Hokkaido | Chalk |
| JP2007031612A (en) * | 2005-07-28 | 2007-02-08 | Nippon Rikagaku Kogyo Kk | Chalk composition and method for producing the same |
| JP2011140166A (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2011-07-21 | Kaneka Corp | Writing sheet with fine irregular structure |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62288673A (en) | 1987-12-15 |
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