JPH0141373B2 - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- JPH0141373B2 JPH0141373B2 JP57003637A JP363782A JPH0141373B2 JP H0141373 B2 JPH0141373 B2 JP H0141373B2 JP 57003637 A JP57003637 A JP 57003637A JP 363782 A JP363782 A JP 363782A JP H0141373 B2 JPH0141373 B2 JP H0141373B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- absorption
- gas
- weight
- loess
- gases
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 49
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 41
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 7
- QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl disulfide Chemical compound CSSC WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-O-galloyl-3,6-(R)-HHDP-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1C(O2)COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC1C(O)C2OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001263 FEMA 3042 Substances 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N Penta-digallate-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010800 human waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N tannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Description
この発明は、セラミツクスからなる多孔質のガ
ス吸収用充填物に関するもので、吸収塔等に充填
して各種の悪臭を吸収除去する吸収効率の高い多
孔性セラミツクス充填物の提供を目差したもので
ある。
従来、これら悪臭ガス吸収用充填塔に用いられ
ている充填物は、磁器製のラシヒリングやポリプ
ロピレン等のプラスチツク製の種々の形状のもの
が使用されている。しかし、これらは、液体にガ
スを吸収させるに際し、液界面の表面積を増大さ
せるべく種々の形状が工夫されているが、磁器製
のものは複雑形状とすることは成形上困難であ
り、またプラスチツク製のものは、非多孔性のた
め液体の保持率が低いという難点があり、また、
これらは、いずれも充填物の寿命および経済性の
点で問題がある。一般的に、ガス吸収作用には、
物理的吸収と化学的吸収の２種類があり、最近で
は、吸収効率の利点からみて後者が多く採用され
ている。
この発明の充填物は、化学的吸収系に属するも
ので、その触媒的作用を利用することにより従来
よりもさらによりガスの吸収効率の向上を目差し
たものである。
なお、悪臭ガスを吸収除去する場合には、吸収
されるべきガス濃度は、微小であるにもかかわら
ず、除去後の排気ガスは、ほぼ全面的に悪臭ガス
を含まないことが要求される。
ところが、従来の充填物では、吸収効果が未だ
充分とは言えず、完全脱臭することは困難であつ
た。その原因の一つとして、吸収すべき悪臭ガス
成分の多様性をあげることができる。
たとえば、し尿臭の場合では、その悪臭成分は
10種以上の成分が混在するいわゆる複合臭を呈す
るものである。
これを大きく分類すると、酸性ガス、塩基性ガ
ス、中性ガスに分けられる。その中でも、濃度が
高く、閾値（イキチ）（はじめて臭気が感じられ
る濃度）が低くて重要なものは、酸性ガスとして
は、硫化水素（H2S）、メルカプタン類（RSH）
であり、塩基性ガスとしては、アンモニア
（NH3）、アミン類である。また、中性ガスとし
ては、硫化メチル（CH3SCH3）、二硫化メチル
（CH3SSCH3）等である。これらは、いずれも悪
臭防止法により規制対象となつている悪臭物質で
ある。
たとえば、し尿臭を吸収除去する場合、酸性ガ
スに対しては荷性ソーダ等のアルカリ水溶液が、
塩基性ガスに対しては硫酸、塩酸等の酸が使用さ
れる。また、中性ガスに対しては、次亜塩素酸ナ
トリウム（NaOCl）、過マンガン酸カリ
（KMnO4）のような酸化剤が使用されている。
酸性ガスのアルカリ液による吸収反応および塩
基性ガスの酸液による吸収反応は、中和反応であ
り迅速に進行し吸収効率もよいが、中性ガスの酸
化剤による吸収は、これより効率が悪い。
たとえば、次亜塩素酸ナトリウムによる酸化吸
収において、反応効率が悪い場合には、次亜塩素
酸ナトリウムの注入量をガス濃度に対してより多
くしなければならない。そのため、未反応の次亜
塩素酸ナトリウムが残存し、処理空気の中へ残存
した次亜塩素酸ナトリウムの分解による塩素ガス
が混入する。これは、二次公害の原因となり、後
処理が必要であるとともに、薬品消費が多く経済
的でない。
上記のとおり、従来の構成技術では、吸収効率
の点で諸種の欠点を有するものである。
従つて、この発明の目的は、従来のガス吸収用
充填物の欠点を改善するすぐれた吸収効率を有す
る充填物を提供することにある。この目的を達成
するこの発明の構成は、黄土を主成分とするセラ
ミツク多孔質で、気孔率が50〜80％であるガス吸
収用充填物である。
この発明において用いる黄土は、鉄の酸化物を
主組成としたもので、褐鉄鉱、水和酸化鉄等を含
んだ黄色、赤色、または褐色を呈する天然の土壌
の一種で、一般的には、レンガ、タイル等の着色
としての用途がある。
この発明の充填物としては、黄土を主成分とし
て得られた充填物が好ましいものであるが、使用
可能な範囲としては、セラミツク原料として、黄
土を少なくとも30重量％以上を含むことが必要で
ある。もち論、黄土以外のセラミツク材料は、カ
オリン、長石等の各種のセラミツク材料が使用さ
れる。黄土の含有量が30％未満では、セラミツク
多孔質の悪臭成分に対する吸収除去率が低く、ま
た、気孔率が50％未満では、このセラミツク充填
物に含浸される薬液量が小さいため、ガス吸収に
おける触媒能力が抵く、気孔率が80％を越える
と、セラミツク充填物自体が脆くなり、実用的価
値を低下するものである。
次に、このセラミツクスのガス吸収用充填物の
成型手段の概要を説明する。
黄土を主成分とするセラミツク原料に水を混合
し、泥状物質を用意する。次に、この泥状物質に
親水性ウレタンプレポリマーを混合して十分に撹
拌した混合液を容器（型）に注入すると発泡を開
始する。
これは、水と親水性ウレタンポリマーの化学反
応によるガス発泡である。
発泡終了後、約80℃の温度にて乾燥し水分を除
去する。次いで、この発泡体を所定の形状に切断
成形した後、通常ガス炉または電気炉にて燃成す
る。加熱途中、通常200〜400℃にてポリウレタン
の有機物成分が徐々に熱分解して燃失し、さら
に、高温下に燃成することにより、黄土を主成分
とするセラミツク原料が燃結し、所定の燃成温度
条件経過後、放冷することにより、強固な多孔質
の充填物が得られる。
この充填物の気孔率の調整は、水あるいは親水
性ウレタンプレポリマーの量で行なうことができ
る。
なお、燃成温度は、黄土の含有量によるが、
1300℃以下が好ましい。燃成温度が1300℃を越え
ると、燃成中に黄土が分解し、極端な場合、一部
溶出し出し、または膨脹による亀裂を生じ触媒能
力を著しく低下する。
また、その反面、あまり焼成温度が低いと焼成
品は脆いものとなり、取扱い時に摩滅し工業的に
利用することが出来ない。
また、親水性ウレタンプレポリマーは、平均分
子が1500〜5500、好ましくは2500〜5000の範囲の
もので、エチレンオキシド含有率が70〜90重量％
のエチレンオキシド・プロピレンオキシド共重合
体と末端に２個以上のイソシアネート基を有する
ポリイソシアネート化合物とを反応させることに
より得られ、その遊離イソシアネート基は４〜８
％を有するものである。
なお、この発明においては、一般窯業分野で使
用されるピロリン酸ソーダ、炭酸ソーダ等の解膠
剤やタンニン酸、リグニンなどの保護コロイド、
その他の添加剤をも使用することができる。ま
た、ポリウレタン発泡配合に広く使用されている
触媒たとえばトリエタノールアミンまたは界面活
性剤等を使用する場合もある。
次に、この発明のガス吸収用充填物の成型の一
例について、その手段の詳細な成型例を例示す
る。
この発明の成型例
水60重量部に、黄土60重量部、カオリン16重量
部、長石20重量部、タルク４重量部を均一に混合
して泥状物質を作製する。
一方エチレンオキシド・プロピレンオキシド共
重合体（平均分子量3400、エチレンオキシド含有
率70重量％）100重量部とトリレンジイソシアネ
ート25重量部とを反応させて親水性ウレタンプレ
ポリマー（遊離イソシアネート基含有率７％）を
準備する。
次いで、上記泥状物質160重量部に、あらかじ
め準備された親水性ウレタンプレポリマーを20重
量部を加えて均一に撹拌混合した後、あらかじ
め、内面にシリコン系離型剤を塗布した蓋のない
型に注入し、常温において反応発泡させて発泡体
を作製する。このウレタン発泡体を型から取り出
し、80℃で乾燥後、たとえばバンドソーにて一辺
が約12mmの立方体状に切断成形する。次に、これ
をさや（鞘）に入れ、ガス炉にて1200℃まで９時
間で昇温して１時間保持してから徐冷する。得ら
れた焼成品は、茶褐色で気孔率66％、かさ比重
0.95の立方体状のガス吸収用充填物として得られ
た。
比較例
水60重量部にカオリン40重量部、長石50重量
部、タルク10重量部を均一に混合して泥状物質を
作製する。
この泥状物質の組成の異なる以外は、この発明
の成型例と同じ方法で行なつたものである。この
焼成品は、白色で、気孔率68％、かさ比重０・98
の立方体状のガス吸収用充填物である。
この発明の成型例と比較例との性能比較。
第２図に示すガス吸収装置の直径146mmの吸収
円塔（カラム）にガス吸収用充填物５を充填
し、これに、硫化メチル10ppm含有のガスを0.6
m3／分（線速度LV＝0.6ｍ／秒）の割合で導入し
て、Ａ点（ガス導入点）とＢ点（ガス排出点）の
硫化メチル濃度を炎光光度検出器付ガスクロマト
グラフにて測定した。
なお、吸収剤の次亜塩素酸ナトリウム
（NaClO）の注入量は、３ｇ／時（循環液の流量
0.9／分）であつた。
硫化メチルの吸収反応式を次式とすると
（CH3）2S＋2NaClO→（CH3）2SO2＋2NaCl
理論上の次亜塩素酸ナトリウム量は2.235ｇ／
時であり、従つて、本例の注入量は、理論値の約
1.3倍である。
この場合の硫化メチルの吸収除去率は第１図に
示すとおり、この発明のガス吸収用充填物の反応
効率はすぐれた結果を示した。
第１図は、横軸に時間（分）、縦軸に除去率
（％）の変化を示すもので、〇印は、この発明の
ガス吸収用充填物、△印は比較例、□印は一般品
（ネツトリング）である。
この測定結果に基づいて計算したガス吸収係数
は、次の第１表に示すとおりである。
This invention relates to a porous gas absorption packing made of ceramics, and aims to provide a porous ceramic packing with high absorption efficiency that can be filled into an absorption tower or the like to absorb and remove various bad odors. be. Conventionally, the packing used in these packed towers for absorbing foul-smelling gases has been made of Raschig rings made of porcelain or plastics such as polypropylene in various shapes. However, various shapes have been devised to increase the surface area of the liquid interface when the liquid absorbs gas, but it is difficult to mold porcelain into complex shapes, and plastic The problem is that the liquid retention rate is low because it is non-porous, and
All of these have problems in terms of the life of the filling and economic efficiency. Generally, the gas absorption effect is
There are two types of absorption: physical absorption and chemical absorption.Recently, the latter has been widely adopted due to its advantages in absorption efficiency. The packing of the present invention belongs to a chemical absorption system, and aims to improve the gas absorption efficiency even more than before by utilizing its catalytic action. Note that in the case of absorbing and removing malodorous gases, the exhaust gas after removal is required to be almost entirely free of malodorous gases, although the concentration of the gases to be absorbed is minute. However, with conventional packings, the absorption effect was still not sufficient, and it was difficult to completely deodorize. One of the reasons for this is the diversity of malodorous gas components to be absorbed. For example, in the case of human urine odor, the malodorous components are
It exhibits a so-called complex odor, which is a mixture of 10 or more components. Broadly classified, these can be divided into acidic gases, basic gases, and neutral gases. Among them, acid gases that have high concentrations and low thresholds (concentrations at which an odor is first felt) are hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) and mercaptans (RSH).
The basic gases include ammonia (NH 3 ) and amines. Furthermore, examples of the neutral gas include methyl sulfide (CH 3 SCH 3 ) and methyl disulfide (CH 3 SSCH 3 ). These are all malodorous substances that are subject to regulation under the Offensive Odor Prevention Act. For example, when absorbing and removing human waste odor, an alkaline aqueous solution such as carbonated soda is used for acidic gases.
Acids such as sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid are used for basic gases. Furthermore, for neutral gases, oxidizing agents such as sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and potassium permanganate (KMnO 4 ) are used. The absorption reaction of acidic gases with alkaline liquids and the absorption reaction of basic gases with acidic liquids are neutralization reactions that proceed quickly and have good absorption efficiency, but absorption of neutral gases with oxidizing agents is less efficient. . For example, in the case of oxidative absorption using sodium hypochlorite, if the reaction efficiency is poor, the injection amount of sodium hypochlorite must be increased relative to the gas concentration. Therefore, unreacted sodium hypochlorite remains, and chlorine gas resulting from the decomposition of the remaining sodium hypochlorite is mixed into the treated air. This causes secondary pollution, requires post-treatment, and consumes a lot of chemicals, making it uneconomical. As mentioned above, the conventional construction techniques have various drawbacks in terms of absorption efficiency. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a packing having excellent absorption efficiency that overcomes the drawbacks of conventional gas-absorbing packings. The structure of the present invention that achieves this object is a gas-absorbing filling made of porous ceramic mainly composed of loess and having a porosity of 50 to 80%. The loess used in this invention is mainly composed of iron oxides, and is a type of natural soil that is yellow, red, or brown in color and contains limonite, hydrated iron oxide, etc. It is used for coloring tiles, etc. The filler of this invention is preferably a filler obtained with loess as a main component, but as far as it can be used, it is necessary to contain at least 30% by weight of loess as a ceramic raw material. . Of course, other than loess, various ceramic materials such as kaolin and feldspar are used. If the loess content is less than 30%, the absorption and removal rate of malodorous components in the porous ceramic will be low, and if the porosity is less than 50%, the amount of chemical liquid impregnated into the ceramic filling will be small, resulting in poor gas absorption. If the porosity exceeds 80%, which impairs the catalytic ability, the ceramic filling itself becomes brittle, reducing its practical value. Next, the outline of the method for molding this ceramic gas absorbing filler will be explained. A mud-like substance is prepared by mixing water with a ceramic raw material whose main component is loess. Next, the slurry is mixed with a hydrophilic urethane prepolymer and the mixture is sufficiently stirred and poured into a container (mold) to start foaming. This is gas foaming caused by a chemical reaction between water and a hydrophilic urethane polymer. After foaming is completed, dry at a temperature of approximately 80°C to remove moisture. Next, this foam is cut into a predetermined shape and then burned in a gas furnace or an electric furnace. During heating, the organic components of polyurethane gradually decompose and burn out, usually at a temperature of 200 to 400°C.Furthermore, by burning at high temperatures, the ceramic raw material, whose main component is loess, combusts to a specified level. After the combustion temperature condition has passed, a strong porous filling can be obtained by allowing it to cool. The porosity of this filler can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of water or hydrophilic urethane prepolymer. The combustion temperature depends on the loess content, but
The temperature is preferably 1300°C or lower. When the combustion temperature exceeds 1300°C, the loess decomposes during combustion, and in extreme cases, some of it is leached out or cracks occur due to expansion, which significantly reduces the catalytic ability. On the other hand, if the firing temperature is too low, the fired product will be brittle and will wear out during handling, making it impossible to use it industrially. In addition, the hydrophilic urethane prepolymer has an average molecular weight in the range of 1500 to 5500, preferably 2500 to 5000, and an ethylene oxide content of 70 to 90% by weight.
It is obtained by reacting an ethylene oxide/propylene oxide copolymer with a polyisocyanate compound having two or more isocyanate groups at the end, and the free isocyanate groups are 4 to 8
%. In addition, in this invention, deflocculants such as sodium pyrophosphate and soda carbonate used in the general ceramic industry, protective colloids such as tannic acid and lignin,
Other additives can also be used. Catalysts commonly used in polyurethane foam formulations, such as triethanolamine or surfactants, may also be used. Next, a detailed example of the means for molding the gas absorbing filler of the present invention will be illustrated. Molding Example of the Invention A slurry material is prepared by uniformly mixing 60 parts by weight of water with 60 parts by weight of loess, 16 parts by weight of kaolin, 20 parts by weight of feldspar, and 4 parts by weight of talc. On the other hand, 100 parts by weight of ethylene oxide/propylene oxide copolymer (average molecular weight 3400, ethylene oxide content 70% by weight) and 25 parts by weight of tolylene diisocyanate were reacted to form a hydrophilic urethane prepolymer (free isocyanate group content 7%). prepare. Next, 20 parts by weight of the hydrophilic urethane prepolymer prepared in advance was added to 160 parts by weight of the slurry material, and after uniformly stirring and mixing, a mold without a lid was coated with a silicone-based mold release agent on the inner surface. and react and foam at room temperature to produce a foam. The urethane foam is taken out of the mold, dried at 80°C, and then cut into cubes with sides of about 12 mm using, for example, a band saw. Next, this is placed in a pod, heated to 1200°C in a gas furnace over 9 hours, held for 1 hour, and then slowly cooled. The obtained fired product is brown in color with a porosity of 66% and a bulk specific gravity.
Obtained as a 0.95 cubic gas absorption packing. Comparative Example A slurry material is prepared by uniformly mixing 40 parts by weight of kaolin, 50 parts by weight of feldspar, and 10 parts by weight of talc in 60 parts by weight of water. The molding was carried out in the same manner as in the molding example of the present invention, except that the composition of the slurry material was different. This fired product is white, has a porosity of 68%, and a bulk specific gravity of 0.98.
This is a cubic gas absorption filling. Comparison of performance between molded examples of this invention and comparative examples. An absorption cylinder (column) with a diameter of 146 mm of the gas absorption apparatus shown in FIG.
m 3 /min (linear velocity LV = 0.6 m/sec), and measured the methyl sulfide concentration at point A (gas introduction point) and point B (gas discharge point) using a gas chromatograph equipped with a flame photometric detector. It was measured using The injection amount of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) as an absorbent is 3 g/hour (circulating fluid flow rate).
0.9/min). The absorption reaction formula for methyl sulfide is as follows: (CH 3 ) 2 S + 2NaClO → (CH 3 ) 2 SO 2 + 2NaCl The theoretical amount of sodium hypochlorite is 2.235 g/
Therefore, the injection volume in this example is about the theoretical value.
It is 1.3 times. As shown in FIG. 1, the absorption and removal rate of methyl sulfide in this case showed that the reaction efficiency of the gas absorption packing of the present invention was excellent. In Figure 1, the horizontal axis shows time (minutes) and the vertical axis shows changes in removal rate (%), where 〇 marks are gas absorption packings of the present invention, △ marks are comparative examples, and □ marks are It is a general product (net ring). The gas absorption coefficients calculated based on the measurement results are shown in Table 1 below.
【表】
上記第１表に示すとおり、本発明の充填物は、
比較例や一般品に比べ、ガス吸収係数が50％以上
の高い値を示すものである。第２図のガス吸収装
置は、１は硫化メチルボンベ、２は送風機、３は
ガス導入管、４は吸収円塔、５はガス吸収用充填
物、６は吸収液循環槽、７はポンプ、８は吸収液
導入管、９は吸収液貯槽、１０はポンプで、Ａ点
はガスの導入点、Ｂ点はガスの排出点で、このＡ
点、Ｂ点は、それぞれのガス濃度を測定する位置
である。
以上測定結果に示すとおり、
この発明によつて得られたガス吸収用充填物
は、黄土を成分としているため、酸化吸収反応の
触媒効果にすぐれ、しかも充填物自体が多孔質で
あるため、ガス吸収薬液の保持量が高く且つ耐薬
品性並びに強度にもすぐれたもので、非常にすぐ
れたガス吸収効率の得られる、従来品には得られ
ない特徴を有するものである。[Table] As shown in Table 1 above, the filling of the present invention is
Compared to comparative examples and general products, the gas absorption coefficient shows a high value of 50% or more. The gas absorption device shown in Fig. 2 includes 1 a methyl sulfide cylinder, 2 a blower, 3 a gas introduction pipe, 4 an absorption column, 5 a gas absorption packing, 6 an absorption liquid circulation tank, 7 a pump, 8 is an absorption liquid introduction pipe, 9 is an absorption liquid storage tank, 10 is a pump, point A is the gas introduction point, and point B is the gas discharge point.
Point and point B are the positions where the respective gas concentrations are measured. As shown in the above measurement results, the gas absorption packing obtained by the present invention has loess as a component, so it has an excellent catalytic effect on oxidation and absorption reactions, and since the packing itself is porous, it can absorb gas easily. It has a high retention amount of absorbed chemical liquid and has excellent chemical resistance and strength, and it has characteristics that are not available in conventional products, such as extremely excellent gas absorption efficiency.
第１図は次亜塩素酸ナトリウムによる硫化メチ
ルの吸収除去率を示す図表、第２図は、第１図の
ガス吸収装置の概要図である。
FIG. 1 is a chart showing the absorption and removal rate of methyl sulfide by sodium hypochlorite, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the gas absorption device shown in FIG. 1.
Claims (1)
30％以上を含有するセラミツクスからなる多孔質
で、その気孔率が50％〜80％であるガス吸収用充
填物。1 Mainly composed of loess or at least containing loess
A porous gas absorbing packing made of ceramic containing 30% or more, with a porosity of 50% to 80%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57003637A JPS58122021A (en) | 1982-01-12 | 1982-01-12 | Packing for absorption of gas |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57003637A JPS58122021A (en) | 1982-01-12 | 1982-01-12 | Packing for absorption of gas |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS58122021A JPS58122021A (en) | 1983-07-20 |
| JPH0141373B2 true JPH0141373B2 (en) | 1989-09-05 |
Family
ID=11562991
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57003637A Granted JPS58122021A (en) | 1982-01-12 | 1982-01-12 | Packing for absorption of gas |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58122021A (en) |
-
1982
- 1982-01-12 JP JP57003637A patent/JPS58122021A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS58122021A (en) | 1983-07-20 |
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