JPH0136401B2 - - Google Patents

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は新しい木材の薬剤処理方法及び装置に
関する。 〔従来の技術、および発明が解決しようとする課
題〕 近年、木材の需要が急激に伸びて国内の木材資
源のみでは需要に追い付けず、外国産の木材が輸
入利用されるに至つているのは周知の通りであ
る。更に、低コスト建築を目指して所謂プレハブ
工法やツーバイフオー工法などが導入されてお
り、かかる工法の伸びに伴なつて主として南洋材
を用いた合板の需要が急激に増大している。 しかしながら、これらの外国材はそれ自体腐朽
しやすい、徽やすい、虫喰いやすいなどの欠点が
あり、従来の木材にも増してその保存処理が必須
のものとなつている。 従来公知の木材の保存処理方法としては、処理
すべき木材をクロム化合物、銅化合物や砒素化合
物などの不揮発性薬剤水溶液中に塗布、浸漬する
か、また必要あれば減圧若しくは加圧下で浸漬し
てこれらの薬剤を木材の空孔部内に含浸せしめる
方法が一般的である。しかしながら、この方法で
は、処理木材は必然的に高含水率材となり、その
ため用途によつては後で人工乾燥しなければ使用
できず、しかも乾燥によつては木材の寸法が狂う
場合もあるので建築材料その他の最終製品用とし
ては不向きであり、また乾燥しなければ塗装など
の加工が出来ないという問題があり、そして使用
薬剤が毒性のものが多いので処理後の木材から薬
液のしたたりや処理廃液の処理などの公害問題が
あり、更に木材に対する薬液の浸透性が遅く作業
能率が悪いなどといつた問題があつた。 同様の問題が木材を染料、或は寸法安定化樹脂
などの各種不揮発性薬剤で処理する場合にも認め
られている。 本発明者らは従来の木材薬剤処理における上記
のような問題点を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結
果、有機系の防腐、防徽、防虫剤、染料、寸法安
定化樹脂などの不揮発性薬剤を揮発性有機溶媒に
溶解して減圧下に密閉型含浸缶中で木材中に薬液
を含浸せしめ、有機溶媒を加熱気化−冷却液化工
程により回収再使用することによつて上記問題を
解決できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至
つた。 〔課題を解決するための手段〕 本発明に係る木材の薬剤処理方法は、木材に木
材処理用薬剤を含浸させるために、下記工程： (A) 木材を密閉型含浸缶内に装入し、 (B) 前記含浸缶を密閉して缶内を減圧し、 (C) 揮発性有機溶媒に溶解した不揮発性木材処理
用薬剤の溶液を、前記含浸缶内に送入して、こ
の溶液を前記木材中に含浸せしめ、 (D) 前記含浸缶から残余の前記溶液を排出し、 (E) 前記含浸缶内の気体を吸引してこれを、前記
有機溶媒の沸点に近い温度に加熱し、 (F) 前記加熱された気体を前記含浸缶内に送入し
て木材中の有機溶媒を加熱して蒸気化し、 (G) 前記含浸缶から吸引された有機溶媒蒸気含有
気体を、前記有機溶媒の沸点より低い温度に冷
却して前記有機溶媒蒸気を液化し、かつ残余の
気体を前記加熱工程に供し、 (H) 前記液化した有機溶媒を回収し、そして、 (I) 前記処理された木材を前記含浸缶から取り出
す、 を含む、ことを特徴とするものである。 また、本発明に係る木材の薬剤処理装置は、下
記要素： (a) 揮発性有機溶媒に溶解した不揮発性木材処理
用薬剤の溶液を収容する溶液タンクと、 (b) 前記溶液タンクに連結され、溶液注入、排出
口と、気体の送入口および排出口とを具備し、
かつ被処理木材を収容する内部空間を有する密
閉型含浸缶と、 (c) 前記含浸缶に連結された減圧装置と、 (d) 前記含浸缶の気体排出口に連結された気体冷
却液化装置と、 (e) 前記気体冷却液化装置に連結された気体循環
装置と、 (f) 前記含浸缶の気体送入口と前記気体循環装置
との間に配置され、これらに連結された気体加
熱装置と、 を有することを特徴とするものである。 下記に本発明方法および装置を、具体例とし
て、主として木材保存処理方法および装置により
説明するが、勿論本発明は、揮発性有機溶媒に溶
解された不揮発性薬剤による他の木材処理方法お
よび装置を包含するものである。 本発明の木材薬剤処理方法において、揮発性有
機溶媒に可溶性の任意の不揮発性薬剤を使用する
ことができる。例えば木材保存処理用薬剤として
は、従来慣用されている木材保存剤および、それ
よりも非常に低毒性の薬剤も包含する。そのよう
な低毒性の薬剤の好ましい具体例を例示すれば、
例えばトリブチルスズオキサイド（例えば吉富製
薬より市販のテイントム）などの有機スズ化合
物；例えばクロロフエニルヨードプロパルギルフ
オルマール（例えば長瀬産業より市販のIF−
1000）などの有機沃素化合物；例えば三共製薬よ
り市販のキシラザンなどのヒドロキシルアミン化
合物；例えばベンツイミダゾール化合物；例えば
ナフテン酸銅、８−オキシキノリン銅などの有機
銅化合物；例えばベンシコールパシフイツク社よ
り市販のクロルデンなどの有機塩素系化合物；例
えば武田薬品より市販のフオキシムなどの有機リ
ン化合物；例えば住友化学より市販のパーメスリ
ンなどのピレスロイド系化合物などの防虫剤など
があげられる。 本発明の木材処理に使用される有機溶媒は前記
有機薬剤を溶解し、かつ、常温常圧では揮発性の
液体であつて蒸発および凝縮による回収に適した
ものであれば任意の有機溶媒を使用することがで
きる。そのような有機溶媒の具体例をあげれば、
例えばｎ−ヘキサン、ｎ−ヘプタンなどの脂肪族
炭化水素類、例えばベンゼン、トルエン、キシレ
ンなどの芳香族炭化水素類、例えばシクロヘキサ
ンなどの脂環式炭化水素類、例えば塩化メチレ
ン、クロロフオルム、トリクロルエタン、トリク
ロロエチレンなどの塩素化炭化水素類、例えばト
リ弗化トリ塩化エタンなどの弗化炭化水素類、例
えばニトロメタン、ニトロエタンなどのニトロ炭
化水素類、例えばアセトニトリルなどのニトリル
類、例えばプロピルアルコール、ブチルアルコー
ルなどの１価アルコール類、例えばアセトン、メ
チルエチルケトン、メチルプロピルケトンなどの
ケトン類、例えばイソプロピルエーテルなどのエ
ーテル類、ギ酸メチル、ギ酸エチル、ギ酸プロピ
ル、酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル、酢酸プロピルなど
のエステル類、例えばフラン、テトラヒドロフラ
ン、ジオキサンなどの複素環式化合物類などをあ
げることができる。 本発明方法において、有機溶媒の使用が、密閉
系で行われるため、低沸点可燃性溶媒の使用も殆
んど問題がないが、好ましい有機溶媒は、ハロゲ
ン化された脂肪族および芳香族の炭化水素類であ
る。 以下、添付第１図を参照しながら、本発明の木
材薬剤処理方法および装置の構成及びその操作方
法の一例を説明する。 本発明の木材薬剤処理装置は、被処理木材２を
内蔵する空間を有する密閉型含浸缶１を有する。
この含浸缶１は、例えば、ステンレス製もしくは
接液部をステンレス製とし、処理すべき木材の寸
法に応じて適宜の大きさを有するものである。ま
た内部に複数本、或いは多数本の木材２を装入し
て処理することができるようにすることもでき
る。含浸缶１の蓋３を開いて処理すべき木材２を
内部に装入する。 次に蓋３を閉じて含浸缶１を密閉した後、気体
送入口の弁４、気体排出口の弁５及び弁６を閉
じ、薬液注入・排出口の弁７及び弁８を開いた状
態で減圧装置すなわち真空ポンプ９を駆動して含
浸缶１内を減圧にする。含浸缶１内の減圧度は樹
種、形状によつて異なるが通常60mmHg（真空度）
以下にすることが好ましい。 含浸缶１内が所定の真空度に到達した後、暫く
その状態に保持して本材２内の気体を除去し、次
いで弁８を閉じ、弁６を開いて薬液タンク１０内
に予め調整しておいた薬液を、薬液注入・排出口
弁７を経て缶内に導入する。缶内に必要量の薬液
を導入後、弁７を閉じ適当時間そのまま放置する
ことにより木材２中に薬液を浸透させる。放置時
間は樹種、形状によつて異なるが、通常は約30分
程度で十分である。 含浸終了後、通気弁１７を開き、缶内を大気圧
にもどし弁６、及び薬液注入・排出口の弁７を開
けて過剰の薬液を薬液タンク１０に返送する。次
に通気弁１７並びに弁６、及び弁７を閉じる。次
いで気体送入口の弁４、気体排出口の弁５及び弁
１１を開き、気体循環装置、すなわちブロアー１
４を駆動して含浸缶１内の気体（有機溶媒蒸気を
含む）を吸引する。次にこの吸引された気体を、
気体冷却液化装置、すなわちクーラー１３により
冷却して、気体内の有機溶剤蒸気を凝縮液化し、
液化した有機溶媒を弁１１を経て回収タンク１５
に回収する。残余の気体は、ブロアー１４により
気体加熱装置すなわちヒーター１２に送られ、
こゝで、有機溶媒の種類に応じてヒーター１２の
出口において、有機溶媒を蒸発させるのに必要な
温度、例えば30℃〜100℃になるように加熱され
る。加熱された気体は気体送入口の弁４を通つて
含浸缶１内に導入され、缶内の木材を加熱し、木
材から有機溶媒を蒸発させる。このとき加熱気体
の温度は必ずしも有機溶剤の沸点より高い温度に
しなくても含浸缶内が減圧されるので、有機溶剤
は次第に蒸気化することができる。このようにし
て発生した缶内の有機溶媒蒸気を含有する気体
は、上記のようにして含浸缶１→クーラー１３→
ブロアー１４→ヒーター１２→含浸缶１の順序に
循環し、その間に、クーラー１３により、吸引さ
れた気体中の有機溶媒蒸気が冷却液化され、回収
タンク１５に回収される。回収された有機溶媒を
移送用弁１６を開けて薬液タンク１０に送れば、
こゝで薬液調製に再使用することができる。 以上説明したように、本発明により、従来のよ
うに水を媒体とすることなく、有機溶媒を媒体と
して使用するため、処理される木材が高含水率材
とはなることはなく、従つて処理後の乾燥を必要
としないばかりか、本発明の処理方法の過程で、
木材の含水率はむしろ低下し、すなわち、木材の
乾燥も同時に行なわれるという特長を有する。ま
た、本発明の処理方法では有機溶媒を使用してい
るため、従来の水性処理液を使用する方法に比較
して薬剤が木材内部へ一層良好に含浸され、従つ
て木材の薬剤処理効果も高く、しかも、従来の無
機系薬剤の水溶液に比し、低毒性の薬剤を密閉系
で使用することができるので処理後薬液が木材か
らしたたり落ちたり、廃液を発生したりすること
が無く、公害防止の面からも有利である。更に本
発明の処理方法では、処理後処理木材に直ちにペ
ンキやニスなどの塗装をすることができ、しかも
有機溶媒は回収して循環再使用できるのでコスト
面からも有利である。 以下に本発明を実施例により更に説明するが、
本発明の範囲をこれらの実施例に限定するもので
ないことはいうまでもない。なお、以下の実施例
において「％」は特にことわらない限り「重量
％」と示す。 実施例 １ 含水率20％の５cm角、長さ100cmのラワン材５
本を、第１図に図示した装置の含浸缶１に装入
し、蓋３を閉じ密閉した。弁４，５，６を閉じ、
弁７，８を開けて真空ポンプ９を稼動させ、缶内
を60mmHgに減圧し、缶内及び木材中の空気を30
分間排気した。次いで弁８を閉じ、弁６を開け
て、あらかじめ薬液タンク１０に調製・収容され
ている薬液、すなわち、塩化メチレン（沸点：
40.1℃）に1.0％のIF−1000と0.5％のクロルデン
を溶解した薬液を缶内に導入し、缶内が薬液で満
たされた後、弁７を閉じ、約30分間放置して木材
中に薬液を浸透させた。この時の薬液の注入量は
150Kg／m³であつた。 次いで、弁１７を開け、缶内を大気にもどし弁
６および７を開き、過剰の薬液を薬液タンク１０
に返送した。次に、弁７を閉じ、弁４，５，１１
を開き、弁１７を閉じ、ヒーター１２を、その出
口における気体温度が40℃になるようにセツトし
て稼動させ、クーラー１３及びブロアー１４を共
に稼動させた。ブロアー１４より送られた気体は
ヒーター１２、含浸缶１、クーラー１３の閉回路
を連続的に循環し、木材中の塩化メチレンを回収
タンク１５に回収し、５時間後に処理を終了し
た。この時の塩化メチレン回収率は84.5％であ
り、処理後の木材の含水率は18％であつた。 この処理木材から試験片を採取し、JIS Ａ
9302「木材防腐剤の防腐効力試験方法」によつて、
防腐効力を確認した。即ち、供試菌はオオウズラ
タケ及びカワラタケの２種類の木材腐朽菌を海砂
培養基に培養し、あらかじめ０回と10回の耐候操
作を施した試験片を供試菌の上にのせ、温度26±
２℃、相対湿度70％以上の所に90日間放置して腐
朽させ、腐朽後、試験体を取り出し表面の菌糸そ
の他の付着物を取り除いて乾燥し、その重量を測
り、重量減少率を求め、無処理試験体との比較に
より効力値を求めた。 また同じくこの処理材から試験片を採取し、日
本木材保存協会規格第８号「木材防虫剤の防虫効
力試験方法(1)」に準じて防虫効力を確認した。即
ち、あらかじめ人工飼育したヒラタキクイムシの
幼虫を試験片の両木口に開けた穴に、幼虫５匹か
らなる試験体を５試験体、すなわち30匹を投入
し、約25℃、R.H.70〜75％で21日間飼育した後、
軟Ｘ線装置により観察し、平均死虫率によつて効
力を求めた。また防腐、防虫効力の比較例とし
て、同じくワラン材を、JIS Ｋ 1554で規定され
た「クロム、銅、砒素化合物系木材防腐剤」2.0
％水溶液で処理した試験片について同様の試験を
行つた。上記試験の結果を以下の表１及び２に示
す。 実施例 ２ 含水率18％の２cm（厚）×30cm（幅）×100cm
（長）のワラン材５枚を用いアセトン（沸点56.1
℃）に1.0％のIF−1000と0.1％のフオキシムを溶
解した作業液により実施例１と同様な操作を行い
処理した。但し、ヒーターの温度は50℃にセツト
した。この際の注入量は132Kg／m³であり、回収
率は87.3％、処理後の含水率は16％であつた。こ
の処理木材から実施例１と同様に試験体を採取
し、防腐効力、防虫効力を求めた。結果を以下の
表１及び２に示す。 実施例 ３ 含水率25％の２cm（厚）×５cm（幅）×100cm
（長）のツガ材10枚を用い、１，１，１−トリク
ロルエタン（沸点75℃）に1.0％のテイントムと
0.5％のパーメスリンを溶解した作業液により実
施例１と同様な操作を行い処理した。但し、ヒー
ターの温度は70℃にセツトした。この際の注入量
は187Kg／m³であり、回収率は83.6％、処理後の
含水率は17％であつた。 この処理木材から実施例１と同様に試験体を採
取し、防腐効力、防虫効力試験を行つた。結果を
以下の表１及び２に示す。 [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a new method and apparatus for treating wood with chemicals. [Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention] In recent years, the demand for wood has increased rapidly, and domestic wood resources alone cannot keep up with the demand, and foreign wood has been imported and used. As is well known. Furthermore, so-called prefabricated construction methods, two-by-four construction methods, and the like have been introduced with the aim of low-cost construction, and with the growth of these construction methods, the demand for plywood mainly made of South Sea wood has increased rapidly. However, these foreign materials have drawbacks such as being susceptible to rotting, rotting, and being eaten by insects, making it even more necessary to preserve them than with conventional wood. Conventionally known wood preservation treatment methods include coating and immersing the wood to be treated in an aqueous solution of a non-volatile chemical such as a chromium compound, copper compound or arsenic compound, or, if necessary, immersing it under reduced or increased pressure. A common method is to impregnate the pores of wood with these chemicals. However, with this method, the treated wood inevitably becomes wood with a high moisture content, and therefore, depending on the application, it cannot be used unless it is later artificially dried, and furthermore, the dimensions of the wood may be distorted due to drying. It is unsuitable for use as a building material or other final product, and there is also the problem that it cannot be painted or otherwise processed unless it dries, and since many of the chemicals used are toxic, there is a risk of dripping or other chemicals from the wood after treatment. There were problems with pollution such as the treatment of waste liquid, and there were also problems such as slow permeability of the chemical solution into the wood, resulting in poor work efficiency. Similar problems have been observed when wood is treated with various non-volatile agents such as dyes or dimensionally stabilizing resins. The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive research to solve the above-mentioned problems in conventional wood chemical treatments. As a result, we have developed non-volatile agents such as organic preservatives, repellents, insect repellents, dyes, and dimensional stabilizing resins. The above problem can be solved by dissolving the chemical in a volatile organic solvent, impregnating the wood with the chemical in a closed impregnation can under reduced pressure, and recovering and reusing the organic solvent through a heating vaporization-cooling liquefaction process. This finding led to the completion of the present invention. [Means for Solving the Problems] The method for treating wood with chemicals according to the present invention includes the following steps in order to impregnate wood with a wood treatment chemical: (A) charging wood into a closed impregnation can; (B) sealing the impregnating can and reducing the pressure inside the can; (C) introducing a solution of a non-volatile wood treatment agent dissolved in a volatile organic solvent into the impregnating can; (D) draining the remaining solution from the impregnating can; (E) sucking the gas in the impregnating can and heating it to a temperature close to the boiling point of the organic solvent; F) The heated gas is fed into the impregnating can to heat and vaporize the organic solvent in the wood; (G) The organic solvent vapor-containing gas sucked from the impregnating can is heated to vaporize the organic solvent in the wood. liquefying the organic solvent vapor by cooling to a temperature below its boiling point and subjecting the remaining gas to the heating step; (H) recovering the liquefied organic solvent; It is characterized in that it includes the following steps: taking out the impregnated can from the impregnated can. Further, the wood chemical treatment device according to the present invention includes the following elements: (a) a solution tank containing a solution of a non-volatile wood treatment chemical dissolved in a volatile organic solvent; and (b) connected to the solution tank. , a solution inlet and outlet, and a gas inlet and outlet,
and (c) a pressure reduction device connected to the impregnation can, and (d) a gas cooling liquefaction device connected to a gas outlet of the impregnation can. (e) a gas circulation device connected to the gas cooling liquefaction device; (f) a gas heating device disposed between and connected to the gas inlet of the impregnating can and the gas circulation device; It is characterized by having the following. The method and apparatus of the present invention will be described below as a specific example, mainly by means of wood preservation treatment methods and apparatus, but of course the present invention also includes other methods and apparatus for treating wood with non-volatile agents dissolved in volatile organic solvents. It is inclusive. Any non-volatile agent that is soluble in a volatile organic solvent can be used in the wood chemical treatment method of the present invention. For example, wood preservation agents include conventionally used wood preservatives and agents with much lower toxicity. Preferred specific examples of such low toxicity drugs include:
Organotin compounds such as tributyltin oxide (e.g. Teintom, commercially available from Yoshitomi Pharmaceutical); e.g. chlorophenyl iodopropargyl formal (e.g. IF-
Organic iodine compounds such as 1000); Hydroxylamine compounds such as xylazane commercially available from Sankyo Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; Benzimidazole compounds such as benzimidazole compounds; Organic copper compounds such as copper naphthenate and copper 8-oxyquinoline; Examples include commercially available organic chlorine compounds such as chlordane; organic phosphorus compounds such as fuoxime commercially available from Takeda Pharmaceutical; and insect repellents such as pyrethroid compounds such as permethrin commercially available from Sumitomo Chemical. The organic solvent used in the wood treatment of the present invention may be any organic solvent as long as it dissolves the organic agent, is a volatile liquid at normal temperature and pressure, and is suitable for recovery by evaporation and condensation. can do. Specific examples of such organic solvents include:
For example, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as n-hexane and n-heptane, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene, and alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane, such as methylene chloride, chloroform, trichloroethane, Chlorinated hydrocarbons such as trichloroethylene, fluorinated hydrocarbons such as trifluorotrichloroethane, nitrohydrocarbons such as nitromethane, nitroethane, nitriles such as acetonitrile, e.g. propyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, etc. Monohydric alcohols, such as ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl propyl ketone, ethers such as isopropyl ether, esters such as methyl formate, ethyl formate, propyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, such as furan. Examples include heterocyclic compounds such as , tetrahydrofuran, and dioxane. In the method of the present invention, since the organic solvent is used in a closed system, there is almost no problem in using a low-boiling flammable solvent, but preferred organic solvents include halogenated aliphatic and aromatic carbonized It is hydrogen. Hereinafter, an example of the structure of the wood chemical treatment method and apparatus of the present invention and its operating method will be described with reference to the attached FIG. 1. The wood chemical treatment apparatus of the present invention includes a closed impregnating can 1 having a space containing wood 2 to be treated.
The impregnating can 1 is made of stainless steel or has a wetted part made of stainless steel, and has an appropriate size depending on the size of the wood to be treated. Moreover, it is also possible to charge a plurality of pieces of wood 2 or a large number of pieces of wood 2 inside and process it. The lid 3 of the impregnating can 1 is opened and the wood 2 to be treated is charged inside. Next, after closing the lid 3 and sealing the impregnating can 1, the gas inlet valve 4, the gas outlet valve 5, and the valve 6 are closed, and the chemical liquid injection/discharge port valve 7 and valve 8 are opened. The pressure reducing device, that is, the vacuum pump 9 is driven to reduce the pressure inside the impregnating can 1. The degree of reduced pressure inside the impregnating can 1 varies depending on the tree species and shape, but is usually 60 mmHg (degree of vacuum).
It is preferable to do the following. After the inside of the impregnating can 1 reaches a predetermined degree of vacuum, it is held in that state for a while to remove the gas inside the main material 2, and then the valve 8 is closed and the valve 6 is opened to adjust the amount in the chemical solution tank 10 in advance. The stored chemical solution is introduced into the can via the chemical solution inlet/outlet valve 7. After introducing the required amount of the chemical into the can, the valve 7 is closed and the wood is left as it is for an appropriate period of time to allow the chemical to permeate into the wood 2. The leaving time varies depending on the tree species and shape, but approximately 30 minutes is usually sufficient. After the impregnation is completed, the vent valve 17 is opened to return the inside of the can to atmospheric pressure, the valve 6, and the chemical injection/discharge port valve 7 are opened to return the excess chemical to the chemical tank 10. Next, vent valve 17, valve 6, and valve 7 are closed. Next, the gas inlet valve 4, the gas outlet valve 5, and the valve 11 are opened, and the gas circulation device, that is, the blower 1 is turned on.
4 to suck the gas (including organic solvent vapor) inside the impregnating can 1. Next, this sucked gas is
The organic solvent vapor in the gas is condensed and liquefied by cooling with a gas cooling liquefaction device, that is, a cooler 13,
The liquefied organic solvent is passed through a valve 11 to a recovery tank 15.
to be collected. The remaining gas is sent to a gas heating device or heater 12 by a blower 14,
Here, depending on the type of organic solvent, heating is performed at the outlet of the heater 12 to a temperature necessary to evaporate the organic solvent, for example, 30°C to 100°C. The heated gas is introduced into the impregnating can 1 through the gas inlet valve 4, heating the wood in the can and evaporating the organic solvent from the wood. At this time, the temperature of the heated gas does not necessarily have to be higher than the boiling point of the organic solvent because the pressure inside the impregnating can is reduced, so that the organic solvent can be gradually vaporized. The gas containing the organic solvent vapor in the can generated in this manner is transferred from the impregnating can 1 to the cooler 13 to
The organic solvent vapor in the sucked gas is cooled and liquefied by the cooler 13 during the circulation in the order of the blower 14 → heater 12 → impregnation can 1, and is recovered in the recovery tank 15. If the recovered organic solvent is sent to the chemical tank 10 by opening the transfer valve 16,
It can then be reused for preparing drug solutions. As explained above, according to the present invention, since an organic solvent is used as a medium instead of water as in conventional methods, the wood to be treated does not become a high moisture content material, and therefore the treated wood does not become a high moisture content material. In addition to not requiring subsequent drying, in the course of the treatment method of the present invention,
It has the advantage that the moisture content of the wood is rather reduced, that is, the wood is dried at the same time. In addition, since the treatment method of the present invention uses an organic solvent, the chemical is more effectively impregnated into the wood compared to the conventional method using an aqueous treatment liquid, and the effect of chemical treatment on wood is also high. Moreover, compared to conventional aqueous solutions of inorganic chemicals, the low-toxicity chemicals can be used in a closed system, so there is no chance of the chemicals dripping from the wood after treatment or the generation of waste fluid, reducing pollution. It is also advantageous from the viewpoint of prevention. Further, in the treatment method of the present invention, the treated wood can be coated with paint or varnish immediately after treatment, and the organic solvent can be recovered and recycled for reuse, which is advantageous in terms of cost. The present invention will be further explained below with reference to Examples.
It goes without saying that the scope of the present invention is not limited to these Examples. In the following examples, "%" is expressed as "% by weight" unless otherwise specified. Example 1 Lauan material 5 with a moisture content of 20% and 5 cm square and 100 cm long
The book was placed in the impregnation can 1 of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and the lid 3 was closed and sealed. Close valves 4, 5, 6,
Open the valves 7 and 8 and operate the vacuum pump 9 to reduce the pressure inside the can to 60mmHg, and remove the air inside the can and the wood by 30mmHg.
It was evacuated for a minute. Next, the valve 8 is closed, the valve 6 is opened, and the chemical liquid prepared and stored in the chemical liquid tank 10, that is, methylene chloride (boiling point:
A chemical solution containing 1.0% IF-1000 and 0.5% chlordane dissolved at 40.1℃) is introduced into the can. After the inside of the can is filled with the chemical solution, valve 7 is closed and left for about 30 minutes to dissolve into the wood. Permeated with chemical solution. The amount of drug solution injected at this time is
It was 150Kg/ ^m3 . Next, open the valve 17 to return the inside of the can to the atmosphere, open the valves 6 and 7, and drain the excess chemical into the chemical tank 10.
Sent it back to. Next, valve 7 is closed, and valves 4, 5, 11
was opened, valve 17 was closed, heater 12 was set and operated so that the gas temperature at its outlet was 40°C, and both cooler 13 and blower 14 were operated. The gas sent from the blower 14 was continuously circulated through a closed circuit of the heater 12, the impregnating can 1, and the cooler 13, and the methylene chloride in the wood was collected into the recovery tank 15, and the treatment was completed after 5 hours. The methylene chloride recovery rate at this time was 84.5%, and the moisture content of the wood after treatment was 18%. A test piece was taken from this treated wood and JIS A
According to 9302 "Testing method for preservative efficacy of wood preservatives",
The preservative effect was confirmed. That is, the test bacteria were two types of wood-decaying fungi, Ophthalmia nigra and C. versicolor, cultured in a sea sand culture medium, and a test piece that had been weathered 0 times and 10 times was placed on top of the test bacteria, and the temperature was 26±.
Leave to decay for 90 days at 2℃ and relative humidity of 70% or higher. After decay, take out the specimen, remove mycelium and other deposits from the surface, dry it, measure its weight, and calculate the weight loss rate. Efficacy values were determined by comparison with untreated test specimens. Similarly, a test piece was taken from this treated wood, and the insect repellent efficacy was confirmed in accordance with Japan Wood Preservation Association Standard No. 8 "Testing Method for Insect Repellent Efficacy of Wood Insect Repellents (1)". That is, 5 test specimens each consisting of 5 larvae, that is, 30 specimens, were placed into holes made in both ends of the test piece with artificially reared larvae of the Japanese yellow beetle, and the larvae were incubated at approximately 25°C and 70% to 75% RH. After rearing for 21 days,
Observation was made using a soft X-ray device, and efficacy was determined based on the average mortality rate. In addition, as a comparative example of antiseptic and insect repellent effects, the same waran wood was treated with "chromium, copper, and arsenic compound wood preservatives" 2.0 specified in JIS K 1554.
A similar test was conducted on specimens treated with the % aqueous solution. The results of the above tests are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below. Example 2 2 cm (thickness) x 30 cm (width) x 100 cm with moisture content of 18%
(long) using acetone (boiling point 56.1)
The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out using a working solution in which 1.0% IF-1000 and 0.1% fuoxime were dissolved in 1.0% IF-1000 and 0.1% fuxime. However, the temperature of the heater was set at 50°C. The injection amount at this time was 132 Kg/m ³ , the recovery rate was 87.3%, and the water content after treatment was 16%. Test specimens were collected from this treated wood in the same manner as in Example 1, and the antiseptic efficacy and insect repellent efficacy were determined. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below. Example 3 2cm (thickness) x 5cm (width) x 100cm with moisture content of 25%
Using 10 pieces of (long) hemlock wood, 1.0% Taintom was added to 1,1,1-trichloroethane (boiling point 75℃).
The same operation as in Example 1 was carried out using a working solution in which 0.5% permethrin was dissolved. However, the temperature of the heater was set at 70°C. The injection amount at this time was 187 kg/m ³ , the recovery rate was 83.6%, and the water content after treatment was 17%. Test specimens were collected from this treated wood in the same manner as in Example 1, and tested for antiseptic efficacy and insect repellent efficacy. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

【表】 以上が合格
[Table] The above passes.

【表】 格
〔発明の効果〕 本発明方法および装置により、木材にその水分
含有率を増大させることなく処理薬液を、注入固
定することができ、かつ、薬液に使用した有機溶
媒を高収率で回収することができる。[Table] [Effects of the Invention] The method and apparatus of the present invention can inject and fix a treatment chemical into wood without increasing its moisture content, and can improve the yield of the organic solvent used in the chemical. It can be collected with.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は本発明に従つた木材薬剤処理装置の一
例を示す図面である。 １……含浸缶、２……被処理木材、３……蓋、
１０……薬液タンク、１２……ヒーター、１３…
…クーラー、１４……ブロアー、１５……回収タ
ンク。 FIG. 1 is a drawing showing an example of a wood chemical treatment apparatus according to the present invention. 1... Impregnated can, 2... Wood to be treated, 3... Lid,
10... Chemical tank, 12... Heater, 13...
...Cooler, 14...Blower, 15...Recovery tank.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 １ 木材に木材処理用薬剤を含浸させるために、 (A) 木材を密閉型含浸缶内に装入し、 (B) 前記含浸缶を密閉して缶内を減圧し、 (C) 揮発性有機溶媒に溶解した不揮発性木材処理
用薬剤の溶液を、前記含浸缶内に送入して、こ
の溶液を前記木材中に含浸せしめ、 (D) 前記含浸缶から残余の前記溶液を排出し、 (E) 前記含浸缶内の気体を吸引してこれを、前記
有機溶媒の沸点に近い温度に加熱し、 (F) 前記加熱された気体を前記含浸缶内に送入し
て木材中の有機溶媒を加熱して蒸気化し、 (G) 前記含浸缶から吸引された有機溶媒蒸気含有
気体を、前記有機溶媒の沸点より低い温度に冷
却して前記有機溶媒蒸気を液化し、かつ残余の
気体を前記加熱工程に供し、 (H) 前記液化した有機溶媒を回収し、そして、 (I) 前記処理された木材を前記含浸缶から取り出
す、 ことを含む、木材の薬剤処理方法。 ２ (a) 揮発性有機溶媒に溶解した不揮発性木材
処理用薬剤の溶液を収容する溶液タンクと、 (b) 前記溶液タンクに連結され、溶液注入、排出
口と、気体の送入口および排出口とを具備し、
かつ被処理木材を収容する内部空間を有する密
閉型含浸缶と、 (c) 前記含浸缶に連結された減圧装置と、 (d) 前記含浸缶の気体排出口に連結された気体冷
却液化装置と、 (e) 前記気体冷却液化装置に連結された気体循環
装置と、 (f) 前記含浸缶の気体送入口と前記気体循環装置
との間に配置され、これらに連結された気体加
熱装置と、 を有する、木材の薬剤処理装置。[Claims] 1. In order to impregnate wood with a wood treatment agent, (A) the wood is placed in a closed impregnation can; (B) the impregnation can is sealed and the pressure inside the can is reduced; (C) introducing a solution of a non-volatile wood treatment agent dissolved in a volatile organic solvent into the impregnating can to impregnate the wood, and (D) discharging the remaining wood from the impregnating can. (E) sucking the gas in the impregnating can and heating it to a temperature close to the boiling point of the organic solvent; (F) feeding the heated gas into the impregnating can; (G) cooling the organic solvent vapor-containing gas sucked from the impregnation can to a temperature lower than the boiling point of the organic solvent to liquefy the organic solvent vapor; and subjecting the remaining gas to the heating step, (H) recovering the liquefied organic solvent, and (I) taking out the treated wood from the impregnation can. 2 (a) a solution tank containing a solution of a non-volatile wood treatment chemical dissolved in a volatile organic solvent; (b) connected to the solution tank and having a solution inlet, an outlet, and a gas inlet and outlet; and
and (c) a pressure reduction device connected to the impregnation can, and (d) a gas cooling liquefaction device connected to a gas outlet of the impregnation can. (e) a gas circulation device connected to the gas cooling liquefaction device; (f) a gas heating device disposed between and connected to the gas inlet of the impregnating can and the gas circulation device; A chemical treatment device for wood.