JPH01312303A - Boiler drum pressure control method - Google Patents
Boiler drum pressure control methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01312303A JPH01312303A JP14261088A JP14261088A JPH01312303A JP H01312303 A JPH01312303 A JP H01312303A JP 14261088 A JP14261088 A JP 14261088A JP 14261088 A JP14261088 A JP 14261088A JP H01312303 A JPH01312303 A JP H01312303A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- drum pressure
- boiler drum
- boiler
- amount
- flow rate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は都市こみ又は産業廃棄物などを燃焼する流動床
式焼却施設の流動床式焼却炉に付属する廃熱ボイラのド
ラム圧力制御方法に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a drum pressure control method for a waste heat boiler attached to a fluidized bed incinerator of a fluidized bed incinerator that burns municipal waste or industrial waste. It is something.
焼却炉に付属する廃熱ボイラの蒸気を有効に利用するた
めには、ボイラでの蒸気圧力をある範囲に保ちつつ蒸気
発生量を一定（又は使用量に応じて可変）に制御する必
要がある。In order to effectively utilize the steam in the waste heat boiler attached to the incinerator, it is necessary to maintain the steam pressure in the boiler within a certain range and control the amount of steam generated to be constant (or variable depending on the amount used). .
通常のボイラーでは、燃料として重油等発熱量が安定し
ており、応答性が良く制御しやすいものを使用している
ので、蒸気使用量が変動してボイラドラム圧力が変化し
ても、燃焼炉に供給する燃料を制御することは比較的容
易であるから、この燃料供給量を制御することによりボ
イラドラム圧力が一定になるように制御することができ
る。しかしながら、都市こみ又は産業廃棄物などを燃焼
する流動床式焼却炉に付属する廃熱ボイラにおいては、
都市こみゃ産業廃棄物等は発熱量が変動し、応答性も遅
く燃焼も重油等に比較すると不安定なため、ボイラドラ
ム圧力を制御することは上記通常のボイラーに比較し、
困難であった。Normal boilers use fuel such as heavy oil, which has a stable calorific value, good responsiveness, and is easy to control, so even if the amount of steam used fluctuates and the boiler drum pressure changes, the combustion furnace Since it is relatively easy to control the fuel supplied to the boiler drum, the boiler drum pressure can be controlled to be constant by controlling the amount of fuel supplied. However, in the waste heat boiler attached to a fluidized bed incinerator that burns municipal waste or industrial waste,
Urban garbage, industrial waste, etc. fluctuates in calorific value, has slow response, and is unstable in combustion compared to heavy oil, etc., so controlling the boiler drum pressure is more difficult than in the case of the normal boiler mentioned above.
It was difficult.
これに対して、特願昭６１−４１４７９号に開示された
ものは、上記問題を解決するものではあったが、窒素酸
化物や有視煙が発生する等、不満足な点があった。On the other hand, the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 61-41479 solved the above problem, but had unsatisfactory points such as generation of nitrogen oxides and visible smoke.
これに対する解決策として特願昭６２−１０３８０５号
のボイラ圧力制御方法がある。このボイラ圧力制御方法
は、押込空気供給装置から焼却炉に押込む空気量を操作
し炉床酸素濃度を変化させ、該炉床酸素濃度に応じて給
じん量を制御し、ボイラドラム圧力を制御するものであ
る。 ・〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕
上記特願昭６２−１０３８０５号のボイラ圧力制御方法
は、炉床部の空気過剰率を適正に保つことが可能となり
、窒素酸化物や有視煙の発生を抑制しなからボイラドラ
ム圧力を制御することが可能であるが、蒸気量の設定値
が低い場合に、押込空気量を下げると、こみ最大短時間
燃焼量に対して空気不足となり、有視煙の発生を誘発す
る。これに対応するため押込空気量の減らし方を加減す
ると酸素過剰となり、窒素酸化物の発生が増加するとい
う問題があった。As a solution to this problem, there is a boiler pressure control method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 62-103805. This boiler pressure control method changes the hearth oxygen concentration by manipulating the amount of air forced into the incinerator from the forced air supply device, controls the dust supply amount according to the hearth oxygen concentration, and controls the boiler drum pressure. It is something to do.・[Problems to be solved by the invention] The boiler pressure control method of the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application No. 103805/1980 makes it possible to maintain an appropriate excess air ratio in the hearth, and reduces nitrogen oxides and visible smoke. It is possible to control the boiler drum pressure without suppressing generation, but if the steam volume setting is low and the forced air volume is lowered, there will be a shortage of air for the maximum short-term combustion volume, which may cause problems. Induces visual smoke. If the amount of forced air is reduced in response to this, there is a problem in that oxygen becomes excessive and the generation of nitrogen oxides increases.
本発明は上述の点に鑑みてなされたもので、有視煙の発
生及び窒素酸化物の発生がなく、ボイラドラムの圧力を
制御できるボイラドラム圧力制御方法を提供することに
ある。The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a boiler drum pressure control method that can control the pressure of a boiler drum without generating visible smoke or nitrogen oxides.
上記課題を解決するため本発明は、都市こみ又は産業廃
棄物等を焼却する流動床式焼却炉に付属する廃熱ボイラ
ドラム圧力制御方法において、ボイラドラム圧力に応じ
て直接給じん装置を操作して給じん量を制御しボイラド
ラム圧力を制御する制御系と、押込空気量を操作し炉床
酸素濃度を変化させ炉床酸素濃度制御により給じん装置
の回転数又は速度を操作して間接的に給じん量を制御し
てボイラドラム圧力を制御する制御系とを設け、この２
つの制御系の内口−セレクタにより出力の小さい方の制
御系を選択して給じん装置を操作し、ボイラドラム圧力
を制御することを特徴とする。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a waste heat boiler drum pressure control method attached to a fluidized bed incinerator for incinerating municipal waste or industrial waste, etc., in which a dust supply device is directly operated according to the boiler drum pressure. A control system that controls the amount of dust supplied by the pump and controls the boiler drum pressure, and an indirect system that controls the amount of forced air to change the hearth oxygen concentration and control the number of rotations or speed of the dust supply device by controlling the hearth oxygen concentration. A control system is installed to control the amount of dust supplied to the boiler drum to control the pressure of the boiler drum.
The system is characterized in that the inner selector of the two control systems selects the control system with the smaller output to operate the dust supply device and control the boiler drum pressure.
上記のようにボイラドラム圧力制御を行なうことにより
、ボイラドラム圧力に応じて直接給じん量を制御する制
御系の出力と、押込空気量を操作し炉床酸素濃度を変化
させ炉床酸素濃度制御により間接的に給じん量を制御す
る制御系の出力とをローセレクタによりいずれか低い方
を選択して制御するから、両制御系の欠点を互いに補う
ことなり、有視煙の発生を抑制することができる。By controlling the boiler drum pressure as described above, the output of the control system that directly controls the amount of dust supply according to the boiler drum pressure, and the amount of forced air are manipulated to change the hearth oxygen concentration and control the hearth oxygen concentration. The low selector selects and controls the output of the control system that indirectly controls the amount of dust supply, so the shortcomings of both control systems are mutually compensated for, suppressing the generation of visible smoke. be able to.
また、従来圧力調節弁として使用しているボイラ出口調
節弁を蒸気流量調節弁として使用することが可能しなり
、蒸発量一定制御或いは使用量に応じて蒸発量の制御が
可能となる。Furthermore, the boiler outlet control valve, which has conventionally been used as a pressure control valve, can be used as a steam flow rate control valve, making it possible to control the amount of evaporation at a constant level or to control the amount of evaporation depending on the amount used.
第１図は本発明に係るボイラドラム圧力制御方法を実施
する都市こみ又は産業廃棄物焼却設備の概略構成図であ
る。同図において、Ａは流動床式の焼却炉、Ｂは廃熱ボ
イラ、Ｃは排ガス処理設備、Ｄは給じん機、Ｅは押込送
風機、Ｆは２次送風機である。また、１はドラム圧力検
出端、２はドラム圧力伝送器、３はドラム圧力調節計、
４は給じん横用回転数制御盤、５は給じん横用駆動装置
、６は蒸気流量検出端、７は蒸気流量伝送器、８は蒸気
流量調節計、９はボイラ出口調節弁、１０−１は排ガス
酸素濃度検出端、１０−２は排ガス酸素濃度伝送器、１
１は排ガス酸素濃度調節計、１２は２次空気流量検出端
、１３は２次空気流量伝送器、１４は２次空気流量調節
計、１５は２次空気流量調節弁、１６は押込空気流量検
出端、１７は押込空気流量伝送器、１８は押込空気流量
調節計、１９は押込空気流量調節弁、２０は炉床酸素濃
度演算器、２１は炉床酸素濃度調節計、２２は線形演算
器、２３は加算演算器、２４は演算器、２５は演算器（
押込空気流量設定値）、２６は演算器（２次空気流量設
定値）、２７は演算器、２Ｂはローセレクタである。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a municipal solid waste or industrial waste incineration facility that implements the boiler drum pressure control method according to the present invention. In the figure, A is a fluidized bed incinerator, B is a waste heat boiler, C is an exhaust gas treatment facility, D is a dust feeder, E is a forced air blower, and F is a secondary air blower. In addition, 1 is a drum pressure detection end, 2 is a drum pressure transmitter, 3 is a drum pressure regulator,
4 is a rotation speed control panel for the dust supply side, 5 is a drive device for the dust supply side, 6 is a steam flow rate detection end, 7 is a steam flow rate transmitter, 8 is a steam flow rate controller, 9 is a boiler outlet control valve, 10- 1 is an exhaust gas oxygen concentration detection end, 10-2 is an exhaust gas oxygen concentration transmitter, 1
1 is an exhaust gas oxygen concentration controller, 12 is a secondary air flow rate detection end, 13 is a secondary air flow rate transmitter, 14 is a secondary air flow rate controller, 15 is a secondary air flow rate control valve, 16 is a forced air flow rate detection 17 is a forced air flow rate transmitter, 18 is a forced air flow rate controller, 19 is a forced air flow rate control valve, 20 is a hearth oxygen concentration calculator, 21 is a hearth oxygen concentration controller, 22 is a linear calculator, 23 is an addition arithmetic unit, 24 is an arithmetic unit, 25 is an arithmetic unit (
26 is an arithmetic unit (secondary air flow rate setting value), 27 is an arithmetic unit, and 2B is a low selector.
上記構成の産業廃棄物焼却設備において、廃熱ボイラＢ
のドラム圧力は、ドラム圧力検出端１で検出され、ドラ
ム圧力伝送器２からドラム圧力検出値ｐＶ、、とじてド
ラム圧力調節計３に伝送される。ドラム圧力調節計３で
はドラム圧力設定値５Ｖ６１と前記ドラム圧力検出値Ｐ
Ｖ ｅ Ｉとの偏差を演算し、給じん機りを操作する
操作出力ＭＶ＊ｔを得る。この操作出力ＭＶ＊ｓを給じ
ん横用回転数制御盤４に伝送し、該給じん横用回転数制
御盤４は給じん横用駆動装置５を制御し、給じん機りか
ら焼却炉Ａに供給される給じん量を制御する。これによ
り、ボイラドラム圧力をある範囲に保つことができる。In the industrial waste incineration facility with the above configuration, waste heat boiler B
The drum pressure is detected by the drum pressure detection end 1, and is transmitted from the drum pressure transmitter 2 to the drum pressure regulator 3 as a drum pressure detection value pV. The drum pressure regulator 3 has the drum pressure set value 5V61 and the drum pressure detected value P.
The deviation from V e I is calculated to obtain the operation output MV*t for operating the dust feeder. This operation output MV*s is transmitted to the dust feeder side rotation speed control panel 4, which controls the dust feeder side drive device 5, and from the dust feeder to the incinerator A. control the amount of dust supplied to the This allows the boiler drum pressure to be maintained within a certain range.
従来、とのボイラドラム圧力に応じて直接給じん機りを
操作して給じん量を制御するボイラドラム圧力制御系の
みであったが、ドラム圧力と燃焼排ガス酸素濃度との特
性の、違いにより、酸素過剰や酸素不足になることがあ
り、酸素過剰の場合は窒素酸化物を発生し、酸素不足の
場合は有視煙の発生を誘発する。そこで本実施例ではこ
の制御の他に押込空気流量調節計１８の設定値を前記操
作出力ＭＶ＊を及び基準設定値によりカスケード設定し
、押込空気流量検出端１６及び押込空気流量伝送器１７
により、伝送された押込空気流量検出値ＰＶｏｉと比較
演算し、設定流量値５Ｖｅｉになるように操作出力ＭＶ
、、を出力し、押込空気流量調節弁１９を操作する。押
込空気流量が変化すると炉床酸素濃度演算器２０の出力
Ｐ■。、が変化し、炉床酸素濃度調節計２１の設定値Ｓ
Ｖ、、と比較演算し、該設定値Ｓ■。、となるべく給じ
ん横用回転数制御盤４及び給じん横用駆動装置５を制御
する操作出力ＭＶ、、を得る。ローセレクタ２８は前記
２つの操作出力ＭＶ、、とＭＶ、、の低い方を選択し、
操作出力Ｙ６４を得る。この操作出力ｙｏａで給じん横
用回転数制御盤４及び給じん横用駆動装置５を制御し、
給じん量を調節することによりボイラドラム圧力をある
一定範囲に保つとともに排ガス酸素濃度も適正範囲に保
つものである。Conventionally, the only boiler drum pressure control system was to control the dust supply amount by directly operating the dust feeder according to the boiler drum pressure, but due to the difference in characteristics between drum pressure and combustion exhaust gas oxygen concentration, , oxygen excess or oxygen deficiency may occur; excess oxygen generates nitrogen oxides, and oxygen deficiency induces the generation of visible smoke. Therefore, in this embodiment, in addition to this control, the setting value of the forced air flow rate controller 18 is set in cascade based on the operation output MV* and the reference setting value, and the forced air flow rate detection end 16 and the forced air flow rate transmitter 17 are set in a cascade manner.
The operation output MV is compared with the transmitted forced air flow rate detection value PVoi, and the operation output MV is calculated so that the set flow rate value is 5Vei.
, , and operate the forced air flow rate control valve 19. When the forced air flow rate changes, the output P■ of the hearth oxygen concentration calculator 20 changes. , changes, and the set value S of the hearth oxygen concentration controller 21 changes.
Compare and calculate the set value S■ with V, . , and preferably the operation output MV for controlling the horizontal dust supply rotation speed control panel 4 and the horizontal dust supply drive device 5. The low selector 28 selects the lower one of the two operation outputs MV, and MV,
Obtain operation output Y64. This operation output yoa controls the rotation speed control panel 4 for horizontal dust supply and the horizontal dust supply drive device 5,
By adjusting the amount of dust supplied, the boiler drum pressure is maintained within a certain range, and the exhaust gas oxygen concentration is also maintained within an appropriate range.
ここで、炉床酸素濃度は、
ＰＶｏａ ＝ ＰＶ−５−（Ｑ＊−ＰＶｏ ｓ ）×（
ＰＶｅ ａ”ＱＬ）／ Ｐ’／ａ ＊とな名。（但しＱ
３．；大気中の酸素濃度、ＱＬ；リーク量）
排ガス酸素濃度は排ガス酸素濃度検出端１０−１により
検出され、排ガス酸素濃度伝送器１〇−２から排ガス酸
素濃度検出値ＰＶ＝ｓとして排ガス酸素濃度調節計１１
に出力され、排ガス酸素濃度調節計１１により排ガス酸
素濃度設定値ＳＶ、、と排ガス酸素濃度検出値Ｐｖｅｍ
の偏差を演算し、操作出力ＭＶ。８を得て演算器２６に
出力する。演算器２６はこの操作出力Ｍ Ｖ ｏ ｓに
押込空気量の変化分を加算した出力ＹＯ３により２次空
気流量設定値Ｓｖ。４をカスケード設定し、２次空気流
量検出端１２及び２次空気流量伝送器１３により検出伝
送された２次空気流量検出値Ｐ Ｖ ＊ ａが２次空気
流量設定値５ｖ６４になるように２次空気流量調節弁１
５を操作し、排ガス酸素濃度が一定になるように制御す
る。Here, the hearth oxygen concentration is PVoa = PV-5-(Q*-PVos) x (
PVe a"QL) / P'/a * name. (However, Q
3. ; oxygen concentration in the atmosphere, QL: leakage amount) The exhaust gas oxygen concentration is detected by the exhaust gas oxygen concentration detection end 10-1, and the exhaust gas oxygen concentration is detected from the exhaust gas oxygen concentration transmitter 10-2 as the exhaust gas oxygen concentration detected value PV=s. Controller 11
The exhaust gas oxygen concentration controller 11 outputs the exhaust gas oxygen concentration set value SV, , and the detected exhaust gas oxygen concentration value Pvem.
Calculate the deviation of and obtain the manipulated output MV. 8 is obtained and output to the arithmetic unit 26. The computing unit 26 determines the secondary air flow rate set value Sv based on the output YO3 obtained by adding the change in the forced air amount to the operation output M V o s. 4 are set in cascade, and the secondary air flow rate detection value P V *a detected and transmitted by the secondary air flow rate detection end 12 and the secondary air flow rate transmitter 13 becomes the secondary air flow rate set value 5v64. Air flow control valve 1
5 to control the exhaust gas oxygen concentration to be constant.
第３図は演算器２５の説明図であり、縦軸は上記操作出
力Ｍ Ｖ ｏ ＋を示し、横軸は押込空気量設定値ＳＶ
、、を示す。図示するように、演算器２５はドラム圧力
制御出力が変化するとそれに応じて押込空気量設定値Ｓ
Ｖ ｏ ｓを変化させて、押込空気流量調節計１８に
出力する。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the arithmetic unit 25, in which the vertical axis shows the above-mentioned operation output M V o +, and the horizontal axis shows the forced air amount setting value SV
, , is shown. As shown in the figure, when the drum pressure control output changes, the computing unit 25 adjusts the forced air amount setting value S.
V o s is changed and outputted to the forced air flow rate controller 18 .
なお、廃熱ボイラＢより送り出される蒸気流量は、蒸気
流量検出端６で検出され、蒸気流量伝送器７から蒸気流
量調節計８へ伝送される。該蒸気流量調節計８は予め設
定きれた設定値ＳＶ、、と比較し、その偏差に応じて、
ボイラ出口調節弁９を調節する。Note that the steam flow rate sent out from the waste heat boiler B is detected by the steam flow rate detection end 6 and transmitted from the steam flow rate transmitter 7 to the steam flow rate controller 8. The steam flow rate controller 8 compares it with a preset value SV, and depending on the deviation,
Adjust the boiler outlet control valve 9.
第２図は本発明に係るボイラドラム圧力制御方法を実施
する都市ごみ又は産業廃棄物焼却設備の他概略構成図で
ある。同図において、第１図と同一符号を付した部分は
同−又は相当部分を示す。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a municipal waste or industrial waste incineration facility implementing the boiler drum pressure control method according to the present invention. In the same figure, parts given the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same or equivalent parts.
本実施例では蒸気流量調節弁として使用しているボイラ
出口調節弁９をドラム圧力が正常な範囲を逸脱した場合
、正常な範囲に復帰するまで強制的に開閉するようにな
っている点で、第１図に示す実施例と異なる。第５図に
示すように、ドラム圧力検出端１で検出きれたドラム圧
力伝送器２から伝送されるドラム圧力検出値ｐｖ、、が
設定値Ｓｖ。、より超過し、異常圧力となった際、非線
形演算器２２によって演算された超過分Ｙ６１が加算演
算器２３に伝送され、該加算演算器２３において、予め
設定された蒸発量設定値Ｓ■。、と加算され、Ｙｏｘ＝
ＳＶｏ＊ ＋ ＹＯ２
となって、蒸気流量調節計８に入力される。−フｊ蒸気
流量調節計８には、蒸気流量検出端６で検出され、蒸気
流量伝送器７より伝送される蒸気流量検出値が入力され
ているので、上記Ｙ０．と合成した操作出力ＭＶ、、で
蒸気流量調節弁として使用しているボイラ出口調節弁９
を操作する。従って、廃熱ボイラＢのドラム圧力が異常
になった際の各部へ与える悪影響を未然に防止できる。In this embodiment, when the drum pressure deviates from the normal range, the boiler outlet control valve 9, which is used as a steam flow rate control valve, is forcibly opened and closed until it returns to the normal range. This is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the drum pressure detection value pv, transmitted from the drum pressure transmitter 2 that can be detected by the drum pressure detection end 1, is the set value Sv. , and when the pressure becomes abnormal, the excess amount Y61 calculated by the nonlinear calculator 22 is transmitted to the addition calculator 23, and the evaporation amount set value S■ is set in advance in the addition calculator 23. , and Yox=
The result becomes SVo* + YO2 and is input to the steam flow rate controller 8. -Fj Since the steam flow rate controller 8 is input with the steam flow rate detection value detected by the steam flow rate detection end 6 and transmitted from the steam flow rate transmitter 7, the above Y0. The boiler outlet control valve 9 is used as a steam flow control valve with the combined operating output MV, .
operate. Therefore, when the drum pressure of the waste heat boiler B becomes abnormal, an adverse effect on various parts can be prevented.
また、蒸発量設定値ＳＶ、、は演算器２７に入力されて
いる。該演算器２７は該蒸発量設定値Ｓ■。、に対する
押込空気流量基準設定値Ｓｖを算定し、演算器２５に伝
送する。Further, the evaporation amount set value SV, is input to the calculator 27. The calculator 27 calculates the evaporation amount setting value S■. The forced air flow rate reference set value Sv for , is calculated and transmitted to the calculator 25.
第４図は上記演算器２７の説明図であり、縦軸は押込空
気流量基準設定値Ｓｖを示し、横軸は蒸発量設定値Ｓ
Ｖ ＝ ２を示す。図示するように、ある範囲では、蒸
発量設定値ＳＶ、、に対して押込空気流量基準設定値Ｓ
ｖを比例的に変化させ演ｍ器２５に出力する。また、蒸
発量設定値ＳＶ、、が一定範囲を越した場合は、前記押
込空気流量基準設定値Ｓｖは一定となる。即ち押込空気
流量の設定値を基準設定値±αの範囲で変化きせる。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the arithmetic unit 27, in which the vertical axis shows the forced air flow rate reference set value Sv, and the horizontal axis shows the evaporation amount set value Sv.
Indicates V = 2. As shown in the figure, in a certain range, the forced air flow rate standard set value S
v is changed proportionally and outputted to the calculator 25. Further, when the evaporation amount set value SV exceeds a certain range, the forced air flow rate reference set value Sv remains constant. That is, the set value of the forced air flow rate can be varied within the range of the reference set value ±α.
以上説明したように本発明によれば下記のような優れた
効果が得られる。As explained above, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be obtained.
■ボイラドラム圧力に応じて直接給じん量を制御する制
御系の出力と、押込空気量を操作し炉床酸素濃度を変化
させ炉床酸素濃度制御により間接的に給じん量を制御す
る制御系の出力とをローセレクタによりいずれか低い方
を選択して制御するので、有視煙の発生を抑制する効果
が生じ、環境対策上有効となる。■The output of the control system that directly controls the dust supply amount according to the boiler drum pressure, and the control system that indirectly controls the dust supply volume by controlling the hearth oxygen concentration by manipulating the amount of forced air and changing the hearth oxygen concentration. Since the lower output is selected and controlled by the low selector, the effect of suppressing the generation of visible smoke is produced, which is effective in terms of environmental measures.
■また、従来圧力調節弁として使用しているボイラ出口
調節弁を蒸気流量調節弁として使用することが可能しな
り、蒸発量一定制御或いは使用量に応じて蒸発量の制御
が可能となる。(2) Furthermore, the boiler outlet control valve, which is conventionally used as a pressure control valve, can be used as a steam flow rate control valve, making it possible to control the amount of evaporation at a constant level or to control the amount of evaporation depending on the amount used.
■上記■及び■により、流動床焼却炉における都市ごみ
或いは産業廃棄物などはあたかも重油などの燃料のよう
に利用することが可能となり、これら都市こみ或いは産
業廃棄物などの資源的価値を高めることが期待できる。■With the above ■ and ■, it becomes possible to use municipal waste or industrial waste in a fluidized bed incinerator as if it were fuel such as heavy oil, increasing the resource value of these municipal waste or industrial waste. can be expected.
第１図は本発明に係るボイラドラム圧力制御方法を実施
する都市こみ又は産業廃棄物焼却設備の概略構成図、第
２図は本発明に係るボイラドラム圧力制御方法を実施す
る他の都市こみ又は産業廃棄物焼却設備の概略構成図、
第３図は演算器２５の説明図、第４図は上記演算器２７
の説明図、第５図は非線形演算器２２の説明図である。
′ 図中、Ａ・・・・焼却炉、Ｂ・・・・廃熱ボイラ、
Ｃ・・・・排ガス処理設備、Ｄ・・・・給じん機、Ｅ・
・・・押込送風機、Ｆ・・・・２次送風機、１・・・・
ドラム圧力検出端、２・・・・ドラム圧力伝送器、３・
・・・ドラム圧力調節計、４・・・・給じん援用回転数
制御盤、５・・・・給じん援用駆動装置、６・・・・蒸
気流量検出端、７・・・・蒸気流量伝送器、８・・・・
蒸気流量調節計、９・・・・ボイラ出口調節弁、１０−
１・・・・排ガス酸素濃度検出端、１０−２・・・・排
ガス酸素濃度伝送器、１１・・・・排ガス酸素濃度調節
計、１２・・・・２次空気流量検出端、１３・・・・２
次空気流量伝送器、１５・・・・２次空気流量調節弁、
１６・・・・押込空気流量検出端、１７・・・・押込空
気流量伝送器、１８・・・・押込空気流量調節計、１９
・・・・押込空気流量調節弁、２０・・・・炉床酸素濃
度演算器、２１・・・・炉床酸素濃度調節計、２２・・
・・非線形演算器、２３・・・・加算演算器、２４・・
・・演算器、２５・・・・演算器、２６・・・・演算器
、２７・・・・演算器、２８・・・・ローセレクタ。FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a municipal waste or industrial waste incineration facility implementing the boiler drum pressure control method according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another municipal waste or industrial waste incineration facility implementing the boiler drum pressure control method according to the present invention. Schematic diagram of industrial waste incineration equipment,
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the arithmetic unit 25, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the arithmetic unit 27.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the nonlinear arithmetic unit 22. ' In the figure, A...Incinerator, B... Waste heat boiler,
C... Exhaust gas treatment equipment, D... Dust supply machine, E...
... Forced blower, F... Secondary blower, 1...
Drum pressure detection end, 2...Drum pressure transmitter, 3.
...Drum pressure regulator, 4.. Rotation speed control panel for dust supply assistance, 5.. Drive device for dust supply assistance, 6.. Steam flow rate detection end, 7.. Steam flow rate transmission. Vessel, 8...
Steam flow rate controller, 9... Boiler outlet control valve, 10-
1... Exhaust gas oxygen concentration detection end, 10-2... Exhaust gas oxygen concentration transmitter, 11... Exhaust gas oxygen concentration controller, 12... Secondary air flow rate detection end, 13...・・２
Secondary air flow rate transmitter, 15...Secondary air flow rate control valve,
16... Forced air flow rate detection end, 17... Forced air flow rate transmitter, 18... Forced air flow rate controller, 19
... Forced air flow rate control valve, 20 ... Hearth oxygen concentration calculator, 21 ... Hearth oxygen concentration controller, 22 ...
...Nonlinear arithmetic unit, 23...Addition arithmetic unit, 24...
...Arithmetic unit, 25...Arithmetic unit, 26...Arithmetic unit, 27...Arithmetic unit, 28...Low selector.
Claims (5)
却炉に付属する廃熱ボイラのドラム圧力制御方法におい
て、ボイラドラム圧力に応じて直接給じん装置を操作し
て給じん量を制御しボイラドラム圧力を制御する制御系
と、押込空気量を操作し炉床酸素濃度を変化させ炉床酸
素濃度制御により給じん装置の回転数又は速度を操作し
て間接的に給じん量を制御し、ボイラドラム圧力を制御
する制御系とを設け、前記２つの制御系の内、ローセレ
クタにより出力の小さい方の制御系を選択して給じん装
置を操作し、ボイラドラム圧力を制御することを特徴と
するボイラドラム圧力制御方法。(1) In a drum pressure control method for a waste heat boiler attached to a fluidized bed incinerator that incinerates municipal waste or industrial waste, etc., the amount of dust supplied is controlled by directly operating the dust supply device according to the boiler drum pressure. The control system controls the boiler drum pressure, and indirectly controls the amount of dust supply by manipulating the amount of forced air to change the hearth oxygen concentration and controlling the number of revolutions or speed of the dust supply device by controlling the hearth oxygen concentration. and a control system for controlling the boiler drum pressure, and among the two control systems, the control system with the smaller output is selected by a low selector to operate the dust supply device and control the boiler drum pressure. A boiler drum pressure control method characterized by:
法において、ボイラ出口調節弁を蒸気流量調節弁として
使用することを特徴とするボイラドラム圧力制御方法。(2) The boiler drum pressure control method according to claim (1), characterized in that the boiler outlet control valve is used as a steam flow rate control valve.
法において、ボイラドラム圧力が正常な範囲を逸脱した
異常値になった場合、正常な範囲に復帰するまで蒸気流
量調節弁を強制的に開閉することにより、ボイラドラム
圧力を速やかに復帰させることを特徴とするボイラドラ
ム圧力制御方法。(3) In the boiler drum pressure control method according to claim (2), when the boiler drum pressure reaches an abnormal value that deviates from the normal range, the steam flow rate control valve is forcibly operated until the boiler drum pressure returns to the normal range. A boiler drum pressure control method characterized by quickly restoring boiler drum pressure by opening and closing.
法において、蒸発量の設定値の変更に従い、押込空気流
量の基準設定値を変化させ、空気流量の設定値を基準設
定値±αの範囲で変化させ、ボイラドラム圧力を安定化
させることを特徴とするボイラドラム圧力制御方法。(4) In the boiler drum pressure control method according to claim (1), the reference set value of the forced air flow rate is changed in accordance with the change in the set value of the evaporation amount, and the set value of the air flow rate is adjusted to the reference set value ±α. A boiler drum pressure control method characterized by stabilizing boiler drum pressure by varying it within a range.
法において、押込空気量の増減に伴い炉床上部に供給す
る２次空気量を該押込空気量の変化分に相当する量変化
させ、これにより燃焼空気量の変化による排ガス酸素の
急変を防ぐことを特徴とするボイラドラム圧力制御方法
。(5) In the boiler drum pressure control method according to claim (1), as the amount of forced air increases or decreases, the amount of secondary air supplied to the upper part of the hearth is changed by an amount corresponding to the change in the amount of forced air; A boiler drum pressure control method characterized by preventing sudden changes in exhaust gas oxygen due to changes in the amount of combustion air.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63142610A JPH07101082B2 (en) | 1988-06-09 | 1988-06-09 | Drum pressure control method for waste heat boiler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63142610A JPH07101082B2 (en) | 1988-06-09 | 1988-06-09 | Drum pressure control method for waste heat boiler |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01312303A true JPH01312303A (en) | 1989-12-18 |
| JPH07101082B2 JPH07101082B2 (en) | 1995-11-01 |
Family
ID=15319332
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63142610A Expired - Fee Related JPH07101082B2 (en) | 1988-06-09 | 1988-06-09 | Drum pressure control method for waste heat boiler |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07101082B2 (en) |
-
1988
- 1988-06-09 JP JP63142610A patent/JPH07101082B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH07101082B2 (en) | 1995-11-01 |
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