JPH01281869A - Burnishing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To automatically fit a roller to the inclination of a surface to be burnished to certainly produce an excellent smooth surface by forming the outer periphery of rotary guide parts at both ends of a burnishing roller into a concave arc coinciding with a spherical face of a pressing member. CONSTITUTION:A burnishing roller 1' is rotatably supported at the tip of a cylindrical holder 4' with inclination along a surface 52 to be burnished. Rotary guide parts 1b, 1c are provided at both ends of a middle cylindrical part 1a of the roller 1', and formed into concave arcs 1e, 1f coinciding with a spherical face 3g of a pressing member 31 to slidably rotate on the spherical face 3g formed spherically. In addition, the pressing member 3 is provided at one end of a support shaft 5 to rotatably bear the holder 4'. When the middle cylindrical part of the roller 1' abuts on the surface to be burnished of a work, the roller 1' fits into the inclination of the surface to abut overall on it, and therefore burnishes it into a excellent smooth surface.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、切削加工後の面をローラ押しして、気密面又
は摺動面としての平滑な面を得る為のバニッシング加工
装置に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a burnishing device for pressing a surface after cutting with a roller to obtain a smooth surface as an airtight surface or a sliding surface. be.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

気密面又は摺動面として高精度な平滑面を得る鳥には切
削加工→研磨→ラッピングという手順で加工し鏡面を得
ることが一般に行なわれているが、この作業方法は多照
類の機械を使い工程が複雑になるので高価となる。そこ
で、それ程高清ｊｙが１だ求されない面は切削加工後ロ
ーラ押しをする、所謂バニッシング加工をして切削時に
発生する凹凸を潰し、比較的精度の庭い平滑面を得ると
いうことが行なわれている。この方法だと例えば切削加
工をした同じ工作Ｇ１械例えば旋盤を使用してローラ押
しをすることが可能となり前述の方法と比較し非常に効
率良く町成り精度の高い平滑面が得られる。To obtain a highly accurate smooth surface as an airtight surface or a sliding surface, the process of machining → polishing → lapping is generally used to obtain a mirror surface. It is expensive because the process of use is complicated. Therefore, for surfaces that do not require a very high level of jy of 1, a so-called burnishing process, in which the surface is pressed with a roller after cutting, is used to flatten the unevenness that occurs during cutting and obtain a smooth surface with relatively high precision. There is. With this method, for example, it is possible to use the same machine G1 machine that did the cutting, such as a lathe, to perform roller pressing, and compared to the above-mentioned method, a smooth surface with high cutting accuracy can be obtained with great efficiency.

第５図は工作機械の駆動用スピンドルの回転方向に対し
て傾き角を有する面をバニッシング加工する場合の従来
例を示すもので被加工物の加工面と同じ傾きにローラを
セットして、ローラ押しをするように構成されている。Figure 5 shows a conventional example of burnishing a surface that has an inclination angle with respect to the rotational direction of the drive spindle of a machine tool. It is configured to push.

この例では、上述の傾、きがほぼ４５°の場合を示して
おり、図中１はバニッシング加工用のローラ、２は加工
面５２を持つ被加工物、６は加工面５２と同一の角度に
して押しつける為のコーン状をした押圧部材で、工作機
械のスピンドルに連結された軸５の一端−こ固着されて
いる。前記ローラ１はホルダー４の先端傾斜部に設けら
れた孔１１に挿入され、ホルダー４の内部から押圧部材
６によって押し付けられるようにホルダー４の先端部面
上に４個装管されている。ホルダー４はローラ１の回転
に伴って円滑に回動する様にベアリング８．９を介し、
軸５に装着されている。７及び１０は前記ベアリングを
所定の位置に固定する為のカラー、６は締結部品を示す
。This example shows the case where the above-mentioned inclination is approximately 45 degrees, and in the figure, 1 is a roller for burnishing, 2 is a workpiece having a machining surface 52, and 6 is the same angle as the machining surface 52. It is a cone-shaped pressing member for pressing the machine tool, and is fixed to one end of the shaft 5 connected to the spindle of the machine tool. The rollers 1 are inserted into holes 11 provided in the inclined end of the holder 4, and are mounted in four tubes on the front end surface of the holder 4 so as to be pressed by a pressing member 6 from inside the holder 4. The holder 4 is mounted via a bearing 8.9 so that it rotates smoothly as the roller 1 rotates.
It is attached to the shaft 5. 7 and 10 are collars for fixing the bearing in a predetermined position, and 6 is a fastening component.

バニッシング加工時は、切削加工終了後、工具をバニッ
シング加工装ｆｆｔＢに交換して、被加工物２の加工面
５２にローラ１を当接する。そして、ローラ１の傾きを
規制する押圧部材６の傾斜面６Ｋが被加工物２の加工面
５２と同一角度に形成されているので、ローラ１は加工
面５２の全面に当る。During the burnishing process, after the cutting process is completed, the tool is replaced with the burnishing machine fftB, and the roller 1 is brought into contact with the machined surface 52 of the workpiece 2. Since the inclined surface 6K of the pressing member 6 that regulates the inclination of the roller 1 is formed at the same angle as the processing surface 52 of the workpiece 2, the roller 1 hits the entire surface of the processing surface 52.

そして押圧部材６を被加工物２に押し付けながら軸心Ｓ
を中心に軸５を回動すると被加工物２の加工面５２と押
圧部材６の傾斜面６Ｋに挾持されたローラ１は回転しな
がら周回し、加工面５２の切削時に出来た凹凸を漬ぶし
、この面を平滑に仕上る。なお、この場合は被加工物２
側をバニッシング装置すに対して押し付は回動しても同
一の結果が得られることは勿論である。Then, while pressing the pressing member 6 against the workpiece 2,
When the shaft 5 is rotated around , the roller 1, which is held between the machining surface 52 of the workpiece 2 and the inclined surface 6K of the pressing member 6, rotates and goes around the machining surface 52. , finish this surface smooth. In addition, in this case, the workpiece 2
Of course, the same result can be obtained even if the side is pressed against the burnishing device by rotation.

被加工物の切削加工後の加工面が、工作機械の駆動用ス
ピンドルの軸心に対してほぼ平行又は直角面で平面又は
円周上の一部である場合にはローラの中心に支持ピンを
通しこれを軸受で支承し該ローラを加工面に押し付ける
ことで平滑面を得ている。If the machined surface of the workpiece after cutting is a plane or part of the circumference that is approximately parallel or perpendicular to the axis of the drive spindle of the machine tool, a support pin should be placed at the center of the roller. A smooth surface is obtained by supporting this roller with a bearing and pressing the roller against the processing surface.

〔発明が解決しようとする課閉〕[The problem that the invention attempts to solve]

バニッシング加工により平滑に仕上る面の、切削加工時
に生じる被加工面の凹凸の大きさは数μｍ〜数１０μｍ
である。この為、被加工物の加工面とローラ間の傾きに
この大きさの狂いを生じる角度差が発生すると被加工物
の加工面には部分的にローラ押しされない面が発生する
。The size of the unevenness on the surface that is smoothed by burnishing and that occurs during cutting is from several μm to several tens of μm.
It is. Therefore, if an angular difference of this magnitude occurs in the inclination between the machined surface of the workpiece and the roller, there will be a part of the machined surface of the workpiece that is not pressed by the roller.

さらに詳しく説明すると被加工物の材質のばらつきおよ
びバイトの摩耗、これらが単独で又は複合して作用する
結果切削抵抗が変化し、バイトの逃げ危が変わる為に被
加工物の加工面の角度が変わり当接面の当りに数μｍの
狂いが生じることがあるが、これに対し、バニッシング
加工装置に設けられた角度は一定であるため加工面とロ
ーラ而が一致せず従って加工面の一部にローラ押しされ
ない面が発生するという問題を生ずる。この問題を無く
す為には材料のばらつき管理、バイトの摩耗管理が必要
となり、その他にも加工精度に影響を与える要因として
は、加工速度、切り込み代、加工温変、被加工物又はバ
イトの剛性等種々の項目が存在しこの要因が複雑に関連
する。このため、加工精度を上げる為には各項目を正確
に管理することが必要である。そして、この管理値は設
計的に要求される許容値よりもはるかに厳しい値が要求
されるという間噴点が有る。そして、このことは加工工
程中に確認、調整等の為に人の介入を必要とし、自動化
ネックの一因ともなっている。To explain in more detail, variations in the material of the workpiece and abrasion of the cutting tool. As a result of these factors acting alone or in combination, the cutting force changes, and the risk of tool escape changes, so the angle of the machined surface of the workpiece changes. However, since the angle provided in the burnishing processing device is constant, the machined surface and the roller do not match, and therefore a part of the machined surface may be misaligned. This results in the problem that some surfaces are not pushed by the roller. In order to eliminate this problem, it is necessary to control material variations and wear of the cutting tool.Other factors that affect machining accuracy include processing speed, depth of cut, processing temperature change, and rigidity of the workpiece or tool. Various factors exist, and these factors are intricately related. Therefore, in order to improve processing accuracy, it is necessary to accurately manage each item. There is a point at which this control value is required to be much stricter than the allowable value required by design. This requires human intervention for confirmation, adjustment, etc. during the processing process, and is one of the causes of automation bottlenecks.

〔課題を解決するための手段〕[Means to solve the problem]

この発明は、バニッシング加工用ローラとして、中央に
円筒部を、その両端に回転ガイド部を有しこの回転ガイ
ド部の外周を、この回転ガイド部を押圧する球面状の押
圧部材の球面に合致する凹面弧に形成し、このように構
成されたローラをホルダーに回動自在に裕度をもって支
承するようにした。This invention is a burnishing roller that has a cylindrical part in the center and rotation guide parts at both ends, and the outer periphery of this rotation guide part matches the spherical surface of a spherical pressing member that presses this rotation guide part. The roller is formed into a concave arc and is rotatably supported by a holder with a certain margin.

〔作用〕[Effect]

バニッシング加工用のローラは中央の円筒部の両端に回
転ガイド部が設けられ、この回転ガイド部が球面状に形
成した押圧部材の球面上を摺回動する如くすると共に、
該ローラをホルダーに裕度をもって回動自在に支承する
如くしたので、中央の円筒部が被加工物の加工面に当接
されると、ローラは加工面の傾きに染み加工面全面にロ
ーラが当る様になる。The roller for burnishing processing is provided with rotation guide parts at both ends of a central cylindrical part, and the rotation guide parts slide and rotate on the spherical surface of the pressing member formed in a spherical shape.
Since the roller is rotatably supported by the holder with a certain margin, when the central cylindrical part comes into contact with the machined surface of the workpiece, the roller stains the inclination of the machined surface and the roller covers the entire surface of the machined surface. It seems to be the case.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

以下に、本発明の実施例を図面を参照して詳細に説明す
る。Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

第１図は被加工物の加工面が工作機械の駆動用スピンド
ルの回転方向に対してほぼ４５°の傾き角を持つ場合の
実施例を示す半断面図で、バニッシング加工用ローラユ
′はホルダ４′の先端部局上に４個配設されている場合
を例示している。Fig. 1 is a half-sectional view showing an embodiment in which the machined surface of the workpiece has an inclination angle of approximately 45° with respect to the rotational direction of the drive spindle of the machine tool, and the burnishing roller unit' is attached to the holder 4. An example is shown in which four pieces are arranged on the tip of '.

第１図に於て第５図と同一の部分には同一の符号を付し
て説明を省略する。In FIG. 1, the same parts as in FIG. 5 are given the same reference numerals, and their explanation will be omitted.

ローラ１′は中央の円筒部１ａと両端に設けられた回転
ガイド部１ｂ、　１ｃより構成されホルダー４′の先端
部に回動自在にかつ裕度をもって支承されている。軸５
の端部に設けられた押圧部材６′は半球状に形成され、
前記ローラ１′の回転ガイド部１ｂ。The roller 1' is composed of a central cylindrical part 1a and rotation guide parts 1b and 1c provided at both ends, and is rotatably supported by the tip of the holder 4' with a certain margin. Axis 5
The pressing member 6' provided at the end of is formed into a hemispherical shape,
A rotation guide portion 1b of the roller 1'.

１Ｃの外周を前記半球状押圧部材６′の球面６ｇに台数
するよう凹面弧１ｅ、　１ｆに形成し球面６ｇ上を摺回
動するように構成されている。The outer periphery of 1C is formed into concave arcs 1e and 1f so as to correspond to the spherical surface 6g of the hemispherical pressing member 6', and is configured to slide and rotate on the spherical surface 6g.

バニッシング加工時は被加工物２の加工面５２にローラ
１′の円筒部１ａを当接し、この時加工面５２と円筒部
１ａの傾き角に狂いが有り片当りとなると、分力が発生
するのと、ローラ１′のホルダ４′への支承に裕度を持
たせていることがらローラ１′の凹面弧１ｅ、　Ｈがう
まく押圧部材６′の球面６ｇ上を摺動し分力が俸くなる
、つまり加工面５２と円筒部１ａが平行になるまでロー
ラ１′は自動的に移動し、加工面全面が当る様になる。During the burnishing process, the cylindrical part 1a of the roller 1' is brought into contact with the machined surface 52 of the workpiece 2. At this time, if the inclination angle between the machined surface 52 and the cylindrical part 1a is uneven and the contact is uneven, a component force is generated. In addition, since the roller 1' is supported on the holder 4' with a margin, the concave arcs 1e and H of the roller 1' slide well on the spherical surface 6g of the pressing member 6', and the component force is reduced. In other words, the roller 1' automatically moves until the processed surface 52 and the cylindrical portion 1a become parallel, and the entire processed surface comes into contact with it.

この状態で被加工物２又は軸５を中心軸Ｓを中心にして
回動すると、被加工物２の加工ｒｆｆｉ５２と押圧部材
６′の球面６ｇに挾持されたローラ１′は回転しながら
周回し加工面５２上の切削により出来た凹凸を潰し平滑
面が得られる。When the workpiece 2 or the shaft 5 is rotated around the central axis S in this state, the processing rffi 52 of the workpiece 2 and the roller 1' held between the spherical surface 6g of the pressing member 6' rotate while rotating. The unevenness created by cutting on the machined surface 52 is crushed to obtain a smooth surface.

第６図は他の実施例を示す半断面図で、被加工物の加工
面は平面又は円筒或は円柱の周上に設けられた突起面を
加工する場合について示す。FIG. 6 is a half-sectional view showing another embodiment, in which the processing surface of the workpiece is a flat surface, a cylinder, or a protruding surface provided on the periphery of a cylinder.

ローラりは中央の円筒部３１ａと両端ζこ設けられた回
転ガイド部３１ｂ、　３１ｃより構成され、両端にピン
５６が設けられ、該ビン３６は一対のホルダ３５に穿設
されたピン径に比べ大きめの孔３４ａに係合され、ロー
ラ６１の姿勺を保ち、凹面弧３１ｅ。The roller is composed of a central cylindrical portion 31a and rotation guide portions 31b and 31c provided at both ends, and pins 56 are provided at both ends, and the diameter of the pin 36 is smaller than that of the pins drilled in the pair of holders 35. The concave arc 31e is engaged with the larger hole 34a to maintain the shape of the roller 61.

３１ｆの球面３４ｇ上の摺回動を可能にしている。球面
３４ｇを有する押圧部材６４はベアリング６６及びビン
６７を介してホルダー６５に枢着されている。６９はピ
ン３７の抜は止め、６８は取付台である。31f can slide and rotate on the spherical surface 34g. A pressing member 64 having a spherical surface 34g is pivotally attached to a holder 65 via a bearing 66 and a pin 67. 69 is a stopper for removing the pin 37, and 68 is a mounting base.

この実施例に於ても、例えば第２図（イ）に示すように
バニッシング加工装ｆａＢ側を固定し被加工物６２側を
回動してｔ）また同図（ハ）に示すようにバニッシング
加工装置すを複数個組合せ、これらの共通軸５５を回動
して、バニッシング加工装置Ｂ側を回動させるようにし
ても良い。In this embodiment as well, for example, as shown in FIG. 2(A), the burnishing processing device faB side is fixed and the workpiece 62 side is rotated (t), and as shown in FIG. It is also possible to combine a plurality of processing devices and rotate their common shaft 55 to rotate the burnishing processing device B side.

被加工物６２の突起面６２１のバニッシング加工時の作
用については第１図の実施例の場合と同様に突起面６２
１の面とローラ６１の円筒部６．１ａが自動的に平行状
態に！かれ平滑面を得ることができる。The effect of the burnishing process on the protruding surface 621 of the workpiece 62 is similar to that of the embodiment shown in FIG.
1 and the cylindrical portion 6.1a of the roller 61 are automatically parallel! He can obtain a smooth surface.

第４図は更に他の実施例を示す半断面図で、被加工物の
加工面は平面又は円筒或は円柱の周上に設けられた溝、
底面を加工する場合について示す。FIG. 4 is a half-sectional view showing still another embodiment, in which the processing surface of the workpiece is a flat surface, a cylinder, or a groove provided on the circumference of a cylinder;
The case of processing the bottom surface is shown below.

第４図に於て第６図と同一の部分には同一の符号を付し
て説明を省略する。In FIG. 4, the same parts as in FIG. 6 are given the same reference numerals, and their explanation will be omitted.

ローラ６１は中央の円筒部３１ａが両端に設けられた回
転ガイド部３１ｂ、６１ｃよりも外径を太き（形成して
おり、その為球面３４ｇ′を有する押圧部材６４′には
円筒部３１ａを逃げる為に中央部に切欠６６４が設けら
れて、被加工物４２の溝底面４２１の加工を可能にして
いる。The roller 61 has a central cylindrical portion 31a with a larger outer diameter than the rotation guide portions 31b and 61c provided at both ends. A notch 664 is provided in the center for escape, allowing machining of the groove bottom surface 421 of the workpiece 42.

この第４図実施例についても第６図実施例の場合と同様
に、＠２図（ロ）に示すようにバニッシング加工装置暴
側を固定し被加工物４２側を回動するようにしてもまた
、同図Ｇ／うのようにバニッシング加工装置すを複数個
組み合せて、これらの共通軸５５を回動させるようにし
ても良い。Similarly to the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the embodiment shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 3G, a plurality of burnishing processing devices may be combined and their common shaft 55 may be rotated.

また作用についても、第６図実施例の場合と同様の作用
により被加工面である溝底面４２１とローラ５１ａが自
動的に平行状態に置かれるようになる。Regarding the operation, the groove bottom surface 421, which is the surface to be machined, and the roller 51a are automatically placed in a parallel state by the same operation as in the embodiment shown in FIG.

〔効果〕〔effect〕

本発明によれば、被加工物の加工面の傾きの切削誤差を
吸収してローラがこの加工面の傾きに自動的に染むよう
）こなり、確実に良好な平滑面を得ることができる。According to the present invention, cutting errors due to the inclination of the machined surface of the workpiece are absorbed and the roller automatically follows the inclination of the machined surface, thereby reliably obtaining a good smooth surface.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は本発明の実施例を示すバニッシング加工装置の
要部の半断面図、第２図（イ）、（ｔｌ、ｒｉは本発明
によるバニッシング加工装置と被加工物との関係を示す
概略斜視図、第３図は本発明の他の実施例を示すバニッ
シング加工装置の要部の半断面図、第４図は本発明の更
に他の実施例を示すバニッシング加工装置の要部の半断
ｆ図、第５図は従来公知のバニッシング加工装置の要部
の半断面図を示す。FIG. 1 is a half-sectional view of the essential parts of a burnishing device showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. A perspective view, FIG. 3 is a half-sectional view of a main part of a burnishing processing device showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a half-sectional view of a main part of a burnishing processing device showing still another embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 １、円筒状ホルダーの先端部に、被加工面に沿つた傾斜
を有し、回動自在に裕度をもつて支承されたバニツシン
グ加工用ローラ、該ローラは中央に円筒部を、その両端
に回転ガイド部を有し、前記回転ガイド部の外周はこの
回転ガイド部を前記円筒状ホルダー内側より押圧する球
面状の押圧部材の球面に合致する凹面弧に形成されると
共に、前記押圧部材は、前記ホルダーを回動自在に支承
する支軸の一端に形成されることを特徴とするバニツシ
ング加工装置。 ２、一対のホルダーに回動自在に裕度をもつて支承され
たバニツシング加工用ローラ、該ローラは、中央に円筒
部を、その両端に回転ガイド部を有し、前記回転ガイド
部の外周は、この回転ガイド部を押圧する球面状の押圧
部材の球面に合致する凹面弧に形成されると共に前記押
圧部材は回動自在に前記ホルダーに軸支したことを特徴
とするバニツシング加工装置。[Claims] 1. A burnishing roller having an inclination along the surface to be processed at the tip of a cylindrical holder and supported with a margin for free rotation, the roller having a cylindrical shape in the center. and a rotation guide portion at both ends thereof, the outer periphery of the rotation guide portion being formed into a concave arc that matches the spherical surface of a spherical pressing member that presses the rotation guide portion from inside the cylindrical holder. . A burnishing processing apparatus, wherein the pressing member is formed at one end of a support shaft that rotatably supports the holder. 2. A burnishing roller rotatably supported by a pair of holders with a margin, the roller having a cylindrical portion in the center and rotating guide portions at both ends, the outer periphery of the rotating guide portion being A burnishing processing device characterized in that the burnishing processing device is formed into a concave arc that matches the spherical surface of a spherical pressing member that presses the rotation guide portion, and the pressing member is rotatably supported on the holder.