JPH01246770A - Output control method for fuel cell of molten carbonate type - Google Patents
Output control method for fuel cell of molten carbonate typeInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01246770A JPH01246770A JP63072141A JP7214188A JPH01246770A JP H01246770 A JPH01246770 A JP H01246770A JP 63072141 A JP63072141 A JP 63072141A JP 7214188 A JP7214188 A JP 7214188A JP H01246770 A JPH01246770 A JP H01246770A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- fuel cell
- output
- supplied
- fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 46
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/14—Fuel cells with fused electrolytes
- H01M2008/147—Fuel cells with molten carbonates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0048—Molten electrolytes used at high temperature
- H01M2300/0051—Carbonates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池に係り、特に燃料電池の
出力を制御するために、燃料電池に供給するガス組成を
変化させて調整する方法に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a molten carbonate fuel cell, and in particular, to control the output of the fuel cell by changing the gas composition supplied to the fuel cell. Regarding the method.
溶融炭酸塩を電解質とする溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池に限ら
ず、燃料電池ではその出力を制御するために、燃料電池
に供給する燃料や酸化剤量を調整する方法が一般に用い
られている。例えば、燃料電池の出力を減少したいとき
は、燃料、あるいは。In order to control the output of fuel cells, not only molten carbonate fuel cells that use molten carbonate as an electrolyte, a method of adjusting the amount of fuel and oxidizer supplied to the fuel cell is generally used. For example, if you want to reduce the output of a fuel cell, you can use the fuel or
酸化剤の供給量を減少し、逆に、燃料電池の出力を増大
するときには、これらの供給量を増加するというもので
ある。この方法によって燃料電池の出力は調整できるが
、しかし、溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池のように、ガスを燃料
及び酸化剤に用いる型の燃料電池では、これらの供給量
を変化するとき、両者の差圧が発生する。差圧が発生す
ると、燃料電池内で電解質層を貫通するガスクロスオー
バ現象が起こり、燃料電池の性能劣化、すなわち、燃料
電池の寿命低下を招く。このような問題点を除去するた
めには、差圧コントロールを注意深く行う必要があり、
そのため、多大な機能をもつ制御装置が必要になる。な
お、この種の出力調整法に関連するものとして、例えば
、特開昭５８−１６６６７２号、特開昭６１−２８４０
６５号、特開昭６１−２８８３８０号公報が挙げられる
。When reducing the amount of oxidizer supplied and, conversely, increasing the output of the fuel cell, the amount of these supplies is increased. This method allows the output of the fuel cell to be adjusted; however, in fuel cells that use gas as fuel and oxidant, such as molten carbonate fuel cells, when the amounts of these supplies are varied, the difference between the two Pressure is generated. When a pressure difference occurs, a gas crossover phenomenon occurs that penetrates the electrolyte layer within the fuel cell, leading to deterioration of the performance of the fuel cell, that is, a reduction in the life of the fuel cell. In order to eliminate such problems, it is necessary to carefully control the differential pressure.
Therefore, a control device with a large number of functions is required. In addition, as related to this type of output adjustment method, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 58-166672 and 61-2840
No. 65 and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 61-288380.
上記したように従来技術による燃料電池の出力制御方法
では、燃料電池内でのガス圧力の差圧に充分な注意を払
わなければならないという問題があった。As described above, the conventional fuel cell output control method has a problem in that sufficient attention must be paid to the gas pressure differential within the fuel cell.
本発明の目的は、燃料電池内でのガスの圧力の差圧を発
生させることなく、燃料電池の出力、特に、溶融炭酸塩
型燃料電池の出力を制御する方法を提供することにある
。It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for controlling the output of a fuel cell, in particular the output of a molten carbonate fuel cell, without creating a gas pressure differential within the fuel cell.
本発明の目的はカソードガス（酸化剤ガス）、あるいは
、アノードガス（燃料）の組成を変化することによって
達成される。すなわち、燃料電池に供給するガス量は一
定に保ち、その組成を変化することによって、燃料電池
の出力を制御する。The object of the present invention is achieved by changing the composition of the cathode gas (oxidant gas) or the anode gas (fuel). That is, the output of the fuel cell is controlled by keeping the amount of gas supplied to the fuel cell constant and changing its composition.
この方法によれば、電池に供給されるガス量は常に一定
に保つことができるので、カソードガスとアノードガス
間で出力制御時に、急に、差圧が発生するという問題は
解消される。第１図に本発明の構成を示す。燃料電池１
にはカソード２とアノード３を設けており、それぞれに
反応ガスに供給される。アノードには、ＬＮＧやメタン
などを水素リッチガスに改質したものが燃料（反応ガス
）として供給される。一方、カソードには空気と炭酸ガ
スの混合ガスが供給されるが、炭酸ガスは、一般に、Ｌ
ＮＧやメタンなどの炭化水素系ガスを燃焼させたものが
使用される。第１図に示した炭酸ガス製造装置４がその
役割を成すものである。According to this method, the amount of gas supplied to the battery can always be kept constant, thereby solving the problem of a sudden pressure difference occurring between the cathode gas and the anode gas during output control. FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the present invention. fuel cell 1
is provided with a cathode 2 and an anode 3, each of which is supplied with a reaction gas. LNG, methane, or the like that has been reformed into a hydrogen-rich gas is supplied to the anode as a fuel (reactive gas). On the other hand, a mixed gas of air and carbon dioxide gas is supplied to the cathode, but carbon dioxide gas is generally
A combusted hydrocarbon gas such as NG or methane is used. The carbon dioxide gas production device 4 shown in FIG. 1 plays this role.
また、５及び６は、それぞれ空気量調整器及び炭化水素
量調整器である。Further, 5 and 6 are an air amount regulator and a hydrocarbon amount regulator, respectively.
本発明の出力制御方法について説明する。第２図はカソ
ードに供給する炭酸ガスと空気中の酸素の割合に対する
セル出力の変化を示す。Ｃ０２１０２値が約２付近でセ
ル出力が最も大きくなり、その前後ではいずれも出力が
低下する。従って、必要とする出力に合わせて、カソー
ドに供給する炭酸ガスと空気の割合をコントロールする
ことで、容易に出力を制御することができる。すなわち
、第１図において、空気量調整器５と炭化水素量調整器
６を操作することによって、炭酸ガスの生成量と炭酸ガ
ス生成に使用されないで燃料電池に供給される空気量（
酸素量）を変化させることができ、これによって燃料電
池の出力を制御することができる。The output control method of the present invention will be explained. FIG. 2 shows the change in cell output with respect to the ratio of carbon dioxide gas supplied to the cathode and oxygen in the air. The cell output is highest when the C02102 value is around 2, and the output decreases both before and after that. Therefore, the output can be easily controlled by controlling the ratio of carbon dioxide gas and air supplied to the cathode in accordance with the required output. That is, in FIG. 1, by operating the air amount regulator 5 and the hydrocarbon amount regulator 6, the amount of carbon dioxide gas generated and the amount of air that is not used for carbon dioxide generation and is supplied to the fuel cell (
This allows the output of the fuel cell to be controlled.
また、第３図にアノードに供給される燃料中の水素と炭
酸ガス量（ただし、ここで示す炭酸ガス量は改質ガス中
の水素以外をすべて含むものとする）の割合に対するセ
ル出力の変化を示す。Ｈ２／ ＣＯＺ値が大きくなるに
つれて、すなわち、水素濃度が大になるにつれて、セル
出力が大きくなる。従って、燃料電池の出力を制御する
ためには、水素濃度の割合を変化させることによっても
り−ドガスの場合と同じように制御することができる。In addition, Figure 3 shows the change in cell output with respect to the ratio of hydrogen and carbon dioxide gas in the fuel supplied to the anode (however, the carbon dioxide gas amount shown here includes everything other than hydrogen in the reformed gas). . As the H2/COZ value increases, that is, as the hydrogen concentration increases, the cell output increases. Therefore, in order to control the output of the fuel cell, it is possible to control the output of the fuel cell by changing the ratio of hydrogen concentration in the same manner as in the case of a refueled gas.
以下、本発明の一実施例を第１図により説明する。公知
の溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池を用い、電池温度６５０℃で運
転した。このとき、アノード３にはスチーム・カーボン
比（Ｓ／Ｃ）２．５ でメタンを改質したガスを供給し
た。カソード２にはメタンと空気を１対１２．５の割合
（体積比）で炭酸ガス製造装置４に供給し、炭酸ガスと
空気中の酸素が約２対１の割合になっているガスを供給
した。この状態で一定時間運転し、次に、燃料電池１の
出力を定常状態から７５％に低下することを試みた。低
下する方法として、第２図に示したカソードガス組成を
変化する手段を用いた。すなわち、炭酸ガス量を少なく
し、酸素ガス量を多くした。ＣＯ２１０２値が約０．９
になるように、第１図に示した炭化水素量調整器６を
しぼり、逆に、空気量調整器５を開いて、メタンと空気
の比が１対１５．５ になるようにした。この条件で燃
料電池１を運転したところ、はぼ、目標とする出力に制
御することができた。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. A known molten carbonate fuel cell was used and operated at a cell temperature of 650°C. At this time, a gas obtained by reforming methane at a steam/carbon ratio (S/C) of 2.5 was supplied to the anode 3. The cathode 2 is supplied with methane and air at a ratio of 1:12.5 (volume ratio) to the carbon dioxide gas production device 4, and gas containing carbon dioxide and oxygen in the air at a ratio of approximately 2:1. did. The fuel cell 1 was operated in this state for a certain period of time, and then an attempt was made to reduce the output of the fuel cell 1 from the steady state to 75%. As a method for decreasing the amount, a method of changing the cathode gas composition shown in FIG. 2 was used. That is, the amount of carbon dioxide gas was decreased and the amount of oxygen gas was increased. CO2102 value is approximately 0.9
The hydrocarbon amount regulator 6 shown in FIG. 1 was squeezed so that the amount of methane was adjusted to 1:15.5 by opening the air amount regulator 5. When the fuel cell 1 was operated under these conditions, it was possible to control the output to the target level.
本発明によれば、燃料電池に供給するガス量を変化させ
ることなく、その出力を制御することができ、燃料電池
の内部でアノードガスとカソードガスの差圧を急激に生
じる問題も発生せず、ガスのクロスオーバもないので、
燃料電池の寿命を延ばすことができる。According to the present invention, the output of the fuel cell can be controlled without changing the amount of gas supplied to the fuel cell, and the problem of sudden pressure difference between the anode gas and the cathode gas inside the fuel cell does not occur. , since there is no gas crossover,
The life of the fuel cell can be extended.
第１図は本発明の一実施例の系統図、第２図はカソード
に供給するガス組成とセル出力の関係を示す図、第３図
はアノードに供給するガス組成とセル出力の関係を示す
図である。
１・・・燃料電池、２・・・カソード、３・・・アノー
ド、４・・・炭酸ガス製造装置、５・・・空気量調整器
、６・・・炭第１図Fig. 1 is a system diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the gas composition supplied to the cathode and the cell output, and Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the gas composition supplied to the anode and the cell output. It is a diagram. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Fuel cell, 2... Cathode, 3... Anode, 4... Carbon dioxide production device, 5... Air amount regulator, 6... Charcoal Figure 1
Claims (1)
成を変化させることを特徴とする溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池
の出力制御法。 ２、溶融炭酸塩を電解質とする型の燃料電池において、 前記燃料電池の出力を調整するために、カソードガス組
成を変化させ、次いで燃料改質器への燃料供給量を制御
してカソードガス量を制御することを特徴とする溶融炭
酸塩型燃料電池の出力制御法。 ３、溶融炭酸塩を電解質とする型の燃料電池において、 前記燃料電池の出力を調整するために、アノードガス組
成を変化させることを特徴とする溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池
の出力制御法。[Claims] 1. A molten carbonate fuel cell using molten carbonate as an electrolyte, characterized in that the cathode gas composition is changed in order to adjust the output of the fuel cell. Output control method. 2. In a fuel cell using molten carbonate as an electrolyte, in order to adjust the output of the fuel cell, the cathode gas composition is changed, and then the amount of fuel supplied to the fuel reformer is controlled to adjust the amount of cathode gas. A method for controlling the output of a molten carbonate fuel cell, which is characterized by controlling. 3. A method for controlling the output of a molten carbonate fuel cell, which comprises changing an anode gas composition in order to adjust the output of the fuel cell in a fuel cell using molten carbonate as an electrolyte.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63072141A JPH01246770A (en) | 1988-03-28 | 1988-03-28 | Output control method for fuel cell of molten carbonate type |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63072141A JPH01246770A (en) | 1988-03-28 | 1988-03-28 | Output control method for fuel cell of molten carbonate type |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01246770A true JPH01246770A (en) | 1989-10-02 |
Family
ID=13480708
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63072141A Pending JPH01246770A (en) | 1988-03-28 | 1988-03-28 | Output control method for fuel cell of molten carbonate type |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01246770A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006043494A1 (en) * | 2004-10-19 | 2006-04-27 | Central Research Institute Of Electric Power Industry | Combined power generation equipment |
| JP2006278190A (en) * | 2005-03-30 | 2006-10-12 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | Fuel cell system |
| JP2008507113A (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2008-03-06 | フュエルセル エナジー， インコーポレイテッド | Power plant / fuel cell system using integrated high-efficiency fossil fuels to suppress carbon dioxide emissions |
-
1988
- 1988-03-28 JP JP63072141A patent/JPH01246770A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008507113A (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2008-03-06 | フュエルセル エナジー， インコーポレイテッド | Power plant / fuel cell system using integrated high-efficiency fossil fuels to suppress carbon dioxide emissions |
| WO2006043494A1 (en) * | 2004-10-19 | 2006-04-27 | Central Research Institute Of Electric Power Industry | Combined power generation equipment |
| JPWO2006043494A1 (en) * | 2004-10-19 | 2008-05-22 | 財団法人電力中央研究所 | Combined power generation facility |
| US8329345B2 (en) | 2004-10-19 | 2012-12-11 | Central Research Institute Of Electric Power Industry | Combined power generation equipment |
| JP2006278190A (en) * | 2005-03-30 | 2006-10-12 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | Fuel cell system |
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