JPH0123722B2 - - Google Patents

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、回転軸等の段付形状部分の段の裾部
分（本明細書では隅部という）に形成される円弧
（本明細書では部分円という）を回転させた形状
の曲面について、この部分円の形状寸法を正確か
つ迅速に計測記録することを目的とした形状測定
器に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention rotates an arc (referred to as a partial circle in this specification) formed at a bottom portion (referred to as a corner portion in this specification) of a step of a stepped portion such as a rotating shaft. The present invention relates to a shape measuring instrument for accurately and quickly measuring and recording the shape and dimensions of a partial circle on a curved surface of a shape.

回転軸、特に負荷の大きいクランクシヤフト等
の段付部分の隅部は、応力の集中によつて破損す
る度合が高く、研削等によつて仕上げた後にその
隅部の形状精度を測定することが、品質管理上重
要な要素になつている。このため従来のように抜
きとり検査ではなく、全数について精度測定を行
なつて品質の安定と向上とを促進する必要にせま
られているのが現状である。 Corners of rotating shafts, especially stepped parts such as crankshafts that are subject to heavy loads, are prone to breakage due to concentration of stress, so it is difficult to measure the shape accuracy of the corners after finishing them by grinding, etc. has become an important element in quality control. For this reason, there is currently an urgent need to measure the accuracy of all products in order to stabilize and improve quality, rather than conducting random inspections as in the past.

従来、この隅部の部分円の形状測定及び精度の
判定には下記の２方法が採用されていた。 Conventionally, the following two methods have been adopted to measure the shape and determine the accuracy of the partial circle at the corner.

方法１ 被測定物隅部に合致する「Ｒゲージ」を
使用して「スキマ」の有無、大小で判定する。Method 1 Use an "R gauge" that matches the corner of the object to be measured, and determine whether there is a "gap" and its size.

方法２ 「精密型」である検出器直進式の形状測
定器で隅部の形状を拡大記録し、記録図形によ
り判定する。Method 2 The shape of the corner is enlarged and recorded using a "precision type" detector linear shape measuring device, and the shape is determined based on the recorded pattern.

方法１の場合は、計測作業は非常に簡便で、だ
れにでも容易に、かつ短時間に作業できるが、
「スキマ」の大小に定量性がないこと、形状の状
態（形状のくずれ、微小段差の有無）が全く把握
できないことにより、隅部形状の修正を行なうこ
とはもちろん、良否の判定を行うに際しても極め
て信頼性の低い結果しか得られないのが現状であ
る。 In the case of method 1, the measurement work is very simple and anyone can do it easily and in a short time.
Due to the lack of quantitative determination of the size of the "gap" and the inability to grasp the state of the shape (deformation of the shape, presence or absence of minute steps), it is difficult to correct the corner shape as well as to judge whether it is good or bad. Currently, only very unreliable results can be obtained.

方法２の場合は、計測結果の判断は拡大記録図
形により行なうため形状の状態及び寸法について
の判定が容易であり、信頼度の高い判定結果を得
ることができる。しかし「精密型」であるため測
定環境条件を整備する必要があること、さらに触
針が直進する機構であるため、２面（平面と円筒
面）の直交部に形成される隅部の部分円の形状を
測定するに際して、被測定物の測定面の母線方向
を触針の移動方向に合わせたうえで、45度の傾き
を与えて（垂直面では触針先端部の円錐面が干渉
して正確な形状が計れないこと、及び触針が滑ら
かに追従できる傾斜面の最大角度は70度であつ
て、それ以上の角度になると触針が引つかかつて
計測できないことによる）触針を正確に母線上を
移動させる必要があり、装置が大きくなるだけで
なく、クランクシヤフトのように被測定物の軸心
が複数ある場合は、被測定物の設置に多くの時間
を要することになる。そのため抜きとり検査には
適応しても、全数検査には不適当である。 In the case of method 2, since the measurement result is judged based on the enlarged recorded figure, it is easy to judge the state of the shape and the dimensions, and highly reliable judgment results can be obtained. However, since it is a "precision type", it is necessary to prepare the measurement environment conditions, and since the stylus moves straight, the partial circle formed at the corner formed at the orthogonal part of two surfaces (plane and cylindrical surface) When measuring the shape of the object, align the generatrix direction of the measuring surface of the object with the moving direction of the stylus, and then tilt it at 45 degrees (the conical surface of the stylus tip interferes with the vertical plane). (This is due to the fact that accurate shape cannot be measured, and the maximum angle of an inclined surface that the stylus can follow smoothly is 70 degrees; if the angle is larger than that, the stylus will get stuck or measurement will not be possible). It is necessary to move the object on the busbar, which not only increases the size of the device, but also requires a lot of time to install the object if there are multiple axes of the object to be measured, such as a crankshaft. Therefore, although it is suitable for spot inspection, it is not suitable for 100% inspection.

即ち、第１図イ，ロに例示したような軸部品に
おいて、その端面Ａを円筒面Ｂとの接続部に形成
される隅部の形状記録を触針式の測定器によつて
正確に得ようとすると、触針は矢印に示すよう
に正確な円筒面Ｂの母線上を移動し、移動にとも
なう触針の変位方向は矢印′に示すように母線
と中心線とを含む平面内になければならない。こ
れが矢印′のように母線から外れた状態で
測定すると正確な隅部の形状を把握することはで
きない。そのため従来の直進式の測定器では、触
針の移動方向を矢印の方向に合致させる作業を
行なう必要があり、そのため調整台を装備してい
る。この方式では調整台の形状、大きさによつて
被測定物の形状、大きさが制限されるため、調整
台に合わない大形の被測定物の測定は不可能であ
り、又、クランクシヤフトのような複数個の軸心
を持つ被測定物では、測定箇所が変るたびに被測
定物を設置しなおさなければならないという問題
があつた。 In other words, in a shaft component such as that shown in FIGS. When attempting to do so, the stylus moves on the exact generatrix of the cylindrical surface B, as shown by the arrow, and the direction of displacement of the stylus as it moves must be within a plane that includes the generatrix and the center line, as shown by the arrow'. Must be. If this is measured in a state where it deviates from the generatrix line as shown by the arrow ', it will not be possible to accurately determine the shape of the corner. Therefore, in conventional linear measuring instruments, it is necessary to align the direction of movement of the stylus with the direction of the arrow, and for this purpose an adjustment stand is provided. With this method, the shape and size of the object to be measured is limited by the shape and size of the adjustment table, so it is impossible to measure large objects that do not fit the adjustment table. A problem with an object to be measured having multiple axes, such as the one described above, is that the object must be reinstalled each time the measurement location changes.

本発明は、触針および検出器を回転軸に取付
け、回転軸の回転運動により測定を行なうように
構成し、２個または３個の基準面と１個の補助基
準面とを設け、これらの基準面と補助基準面とを
被測定物に押しあてて隅部の部分円の形状を測定
するようにして、上記の問題点を解決したもので
ある。 The present invention is configured such that a stylus and a detector are attached to a rotating shaft, and measurement is performed by the rotational movement of the rotating shaft, and two or three reference surfaces and one auxiliary reference surface are provided. The above problem is solved by pressing the reference plane and the auxiliary reference plane against the object to be measured to measure the shape of the partial circle at the corner.

本発明において、基準面、補助基準面と回転軸
との配置構成、および被測定物の直径が変つた場
合の上記構成要素の相対位置調整方法には下記の
２種類がある。 In the present invention, there are two types of methods for adjusting the relative positions of the above-mentioned components when the arrangement of the reference plane, the auxiliary reference plane, and the rotating shaft, and the diameter of the object to be measured change.

基本配置構成（）（第２図） 触針５および検出器３を取付けた回転軸の回転
運動によつて測定を行なう測定機構と、Ｖ形に交
差する第一及び第二の２個の基準面Ｃ，Ｄと、１
個の補助基準面（図示せず）から成り、回転軸の
軸心Ｏ−Ｏは第一基準面Ｃと第二基準面Ｄとの交
角を２等分する仮想面に直交するように配置した
ものである。以下配置の詳細及び測定方法につい
て説明する。Basic arrangement configuration () (Fig. 2) A measuring mechanism that performs measurements by the rotational movement of a rotating shaft to which a stylus 5 and a detector 3 are attached, and two standards, first and second, that intersect in a V shape. Surfaces C, D and 1
auxiliary reference planes (not shown), and the axis O-O of the rotating shaft is arranged so as to be perpendicular to a virtual plane that bisects the intersection angle between the first reference plane C and the second reference plane D. It is something. The details of the arrangement and the measurement method will be explained below.

基準面ＣとＤとの交角を2αとする。回転軸の
軸心Ｏ−Ｏは、基準面Ｃと基準面Ｄとの交差によ
り形成される線（以下交線という）を含み、角度
2αを２等分する仮想面（以下２等分面という）
に直交するように配置する。さらに、この２等分
面内に、後述する検出器３の検出可能範囲Ｚ（第
４図）を位置させたうえで、軸心Ｏ−Ｏと基準面
Ｃ，Ｄは前記の条件を保持したままで、いずれか
一方を移動できるようにする（この説明では、軸
心Ｏ−Ｏを固定とし、基準面Ｃ，Ｄを可能とす
る。）このとき基準面Ｃ，Ｄの移動量L₁は後述の
検出器３の検出可能範囲Ｚ内の一点（説明上、第
４図のｆ点とする）を原点として決定する。さら
に第１図の端面Ａと円筒面Ｂとの接続部の部分円
の端面Ａ側の端部を検出可能範囲Ｚに入れるため
に、補助基準面（図示しない。後述）を設ける。 Let the intersection angle between reference planes C and D be 2α. The axis O-O of the rotating shaft includes a line formed by the intersection of the reference plane C and the reference plane D (hereinafter referred to as the intersection line), and the angle
Virtual surface that bisects 2α (hereinafter referred to as bisector surface)
Place it perpendicular to. Furthermore, the detectable range Z (Fig. 4) of the detector 3, which will be described later, is located within this bisecting plane, and the above conditions are maintained for the axis O-O and the reference planes C and D. (In this explanation, the axis O-O is fixed and the reference planes C and D can be moved.) At this time, the amount of movement L ₁ of the reference planes C and D is One point within the detectable range Z of the detector 3 (to be described later, point f in FIG. 4) is determined as the origin. Further, an auxiliary reference surface (not shown, described later) is provided in order to bring the end of the partial circle between the end surface A and the cylindrical surface B in FIG. 1 on the end surface A side into the detectable range Z.

検出器３の検出可能範囲Ｚとは、第４図におい
て、触針５の先端が回転軸２の回転にともなつて
回転の中心を示す点Ｏを中心にして描く仮想円の
うち、検出器３が検出可能な中心点Ｏに近い限界
を示す仮想円ａ、中心点Ｏから遠い限界を示す仮
想円ｂによつて囲まれる輪状の範囲を検出可能範
囲Ｚとする。第４図において、直交している２直
線を一部円弧で結んだ線ｇ−ｈは第１図の円筒面
Ｂと端面Ａとの接続部に形成された隅部の断面形
状を示したもので、ｇ−ｆの直線部は円筒面Ｂ
を、ｅ−ｈの直線部は端面Ａを、それぞれ触針５
を矢印′の方向に移動させつつ描いたもので
ある。さらに、点ｆは円筒面Ｂと仮想円ａとの接
点で、第２図の移動量L₁を決定するための基準
点であり、接点ｅは後述の補助基準面により定ま
るものである。なお、第４図は、点ｅ，ｆとも仮
想円ａに接して描かれているが、この２点及び部
分円形状ｅ−ｆは検出可能範囲Ｚ内にありさえす
れば、本発明においては機能上なんらさしつかえ
ない。 In FIG. 4, the detectable range Z of the detector 3 is defined as the area within the virtual circle drawn by the tip of the stylus 5 centered on a point O indicating the center of rotation as the rotation shaft 2 rotates. The detectable range Z is a ring-shaped range surrounded by a virtual circle a indicating a limit close to the center point O where 3 can be detected, and a virtual circle b indicating a limit far from the center point O. In Fig. 4, the line gh, which connects two orthogonal straight lines with a partial circular arc, indicates the cross-sectional shape of the corner formed at the connection between the cylindrical surface B and the end surface A in Fig. 1. So, the straight line part of g-f is cylindrical surface B
, the straight part of e-h is the end face A, and the stylus 5 is
It is drawn while moving in the direction of arrow ′. Further, point f is the point of contact between the cylindrical surface B and the virtual circle a, and is a reference point for determining the amount of movement _L1 in FIG. 2, and the point of contact e is determined by an auxiliary reference plane, which will be described later. Note that in FIG. 4, points e and f are both drawn in contact with the virtual circle a, but as long as these two points and the partial circular shape e-f are within the detectable range Z, they can be detected in the present invention. There is nothing functionally wrong with it.

次に補助基準面について説明する。本発明の目
的は、第４図において、部分円形状ｅ−ｆを測定
することにあり、そのためには部分円形状ｅ−ｆ
を検出可能範囲Ｚ内に位置させることが必要条件
である。本構成では第２図に示すように、移動量
L₁を調整して、基準面Ｃ，Ｄを円筒面Ｂ（第１
図）に押しあてて測定する方法であるため、移動
量L₁を決めるための原点ｆと点Ｏとの距離l₁（第
４図）が固定されている。そのため、部分円形状
ｅ−ｆのうち点ｆは確実に検出可能範囲Ｚに含ま
れる。同様に点ｅを検出可能範囲Ｚ内に入れるた
めには、測定時に点Ｏと点ｅとの距離l₂を固定す
る必要があり、その手段として補助基準面を設け
る。 Next, the auxiliary reference plane will be explained. The purpose of the present invention is to measure the partial circular shape e-f in FIG.
It is a necessary condition to locate within the detectable range Z. In this configuration, as shown in Figure 2, the amount of movement is
Adjust L ₁ to change reference planes C and D to cylindrical plane B (first
Since this is a method of measuring by pressing against a point (Fig. 4), the distance l ₁ (Fig. 4) between the origin f and point O for determining the amount of movement L ₁ is fixed. Therefore, point f of the partial circular shape e-f is certainly included in the detectable range Z. Similarly, in order to place point e within the detectable range Z, it is necessary to fix the distance _l2 between point O and point e during measurement, and as a means for this, an auxiliary reference plane is provided.

補助基準面とは、一般には計測時に第１図の端
面Ａ（第４図の線ｅ−ｈの合致する面）に接する
面で、点Ｏとの距離l₂を固定するために装備した
ストツパーの端面を指す。後述の実施例では基準
片７の端面Ｅ（第６図）がこれに当る。なお前述
のl₂を固定することができるならば、補助基準面
の接触面は第１図の端面Ａに限定する必要はな
く、別の端面A′，A″その他の端面を使用するこ
ともできる。また本構成では説明上、ストツパー
は被測定物の端面と面接触することにしてある
が、点接触であつても、線接触であつても同一の
効果が得られる。 The auxiliary reference plane is generally a plane that touches end face A in Figure 1 (the plane where line e-h in Figure 4 matches) during measurement, and is a stopper equipped to fix the distance _l2 from point O. refers to the end face of In the embodiment described later, this corresponds to the end surface E (FIG. 6) of the reference piece 7. Furthermore, if the above-mentioned l ₂ can be fixed, the contact surface of the auxiliary reference surface does not need to be limited to the end surface A in Fig. 1, and other end surfaces A', A'' or other end surfaces may be used. Furthermore, in this configuration, for the sake of explanation, the stopper is in surface contact with the end surface of the object to be measured, but the same effect can be obtained whether it is a point contact or a line contact.

次に基本構成（）の測定方法について説明す
る。第１図及び第２図に示した直径2Rの円筒面
Ｂ部の部分円を計測する場合、まず、第２図にお
いて Sinα＝Ｒ／（L₁＋Ｒ）の関係にあることから、 L₁＝Ｒ（１−sinα）／sinαの位置に基準面Ｃ，
Ｄの交線を交差角の２等分面上で移動する。次
に、基準面Ｃ，Ｄを円筒面Ｂに押当て、補助基準
面（図示しない）を端面Ａの押当てる。このとき
検出器３の検出可能範囲Ｚは前記の２等分面に含
まれ、点ｆは円筒面Ｂに接し、点ｅは端面Ａに接
する。この状態で検出器３を軸心Ｏ−Ｏを中心と
して回転させると、触針５は円筒面Ｂ、隅部の部
分円及び端面Ａに接触しつつ第１図イ，ロの矢印
′の方向に移動する。 Next, a method for measuring the basic configuration () will be explained. When measuring the partial circle of the cylindrical surface B section with a diameter of 2R shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, first, since the relationship Sinα=R/(L ₁ +R) exists in FIG. 2, L ₁ = Reference plane C at position R(1-sinα)/sinα,
Move the intersection line of D on the bisector of the intersection angle. Next, the reference surfaces C and D are pressed against the cylindrical surface B, and the auxiliary reference surface (not shown) is pressed against the end surface A. At this time, the detectable range Z of the detector 3 is included in the bisecting plane, the point f is in contact with the cylindrical surface B, and the point e is in contact with the end surface A. When the detector 3 is rotated about the axis O-O in this state, the stylus 5 contacts the cylindrical surface B, the corner partial circle, and the end surface A in the direction of the arrows' in Fig. 1 A and B. Move to.

次に第２図において被測定物の直径が2Rから
2R′に変る場合は、基準面ＣとＤとはそれぞれ基
準面C′とD′となり、その移動量を示すL₁はL₁′と
なる。 Next, in Figure 2, the diameter of the object to be measured is from 2R to
2R', the reference planes C and D become reference planes C' and D', respectively, and L ₁ indicating the amount of movement thereof becomes L ₁ '.

L₁′＝R′（１−sinα）／sinαとなり、常に点ｆ
（第４図）は円筒面Ｂ（第１図）に接する位置にあ
り、触針５の軌跡は必ず測定範囲Ｚ内に入る。 L ₁ ′=R′(1−sinα)/sinα, and always point f
(FIG. 4) is in a position in contact with the cylindrical surface B (FIG. 1), and the locus of the stylus 5 is always within the measurement range Z.

基本配置構成（）（第３図） 第一及び第二基準面Ｃ，Ｄと、両基準面Ｃ，Ｄ
と交差する第三基準面Ｆとを有し、第一及び第二
基準面Ｃ，Ｄがそれぞれ第三基準面Ｆと交差する
交角が同一となるよう配置し、被測定物の直径が
変つたとき、基準面Ｃ，Ｄは基準面Ｆと同一角度
を保つたまま基準面ＣとＤとの交角の２等分面
（以下、単に２等分面という）から同一の距離を
移動するように構成されたものである。これは３
角形の内接円の性質を応用したものであり、円の
直径が変つても３角形の２辺を一定の関係で平行
移動させれば円の１点と３角形の残りの１辺との
接する位置は不動であることを利用している。Basic arrangement () (Fig. 3) First and second reference planes C, D, and both reference planes C, D
The first and second reference planes C and D are arranged so that the intersection angles at which they intersect with the third reference plane F are the same, and the diameter of the object to be measured is changed. When, the reference planes C and D move the same distance from the bisecting plane of the intersection of the reference planes C and D (hereinafter simply referred to as the bisecting plane) while maintaining the same angle as the reference plane F. It is constructed. This is 3
This is an application of the property of the inscribed circle of a square; even if the diameter of the circle changes, if the two sides of the triangle are translated in a constant relationship, the relationship between one point of the circle and the remaining side of the triangle can be changed. It takes advantage of the fact that the contact position is immovable.

本構成は角度2αで交差する第一及び第二基準
面Ｃ，Ｄと、両基準面Ｃ，Ｄとの交角が同一
（90゜−α）となるように配置された第三基準面Ｆ
との３個の基準面と、触針５および検出器３を取
付けた回転軸より構成される。なお、回転軸心Ｏ
−Ｏの配置、検出可能範囲Ｚ、補助基準面に関す
る条件は基本配置構成（）と同様である。さら
に、第一、第二基準面Ｃ，Ｄはその交角2αと第
三基準面Ｆとの交角（90゜−α）を保持したまま
２等分面をはさみ同時に反対方向に同距離移動可
能な構造を有している。 In this configuration, first and second reference planes C and D intersect at an angle of 2α, and a third reference plane F is arranged so that the intersection angle between both reference planes C and D is the same (90°-α).
It consists of three reference planes, and a rotating shaft to which a stylus 5 and a detector 3 are attached. In addition, the rotation axis O
The conditions regarding the arrangement of -O, the detectable range Z, and the auxiliary reference plane are the same as the basic arrangement (). Furthermore, the first and second reference planes C and D can simultaneously move the same distance in opposite directions while holding the intersection angle (90° - α) between their intersection angle 2α and the third reference plane F. It has a structure.

次に基本構成（）の測定方法について説明す
る。第１図及び第３図において、直径2Rの円筒
面Ｂの隅部を測定する場合は、まず円筒面Ｂに第
三基準面Ｆを押しあて、その後、第一及び第二基
準面Ｃ，Ｄを第三基準面Ｆとの交角（90゜−α）
を保つたまま、ともに円筒面Ｂに接する位置まで
移動し、基準面Ｃ，Ｄ，Ｆが円筒面の３箇所に接
した状態で測定を行なう。このとき、第一、第二
基準面Ｃ，Ｄの、第三基準面Ｆとの交線から２等
分面までの距離L₂と、円筒の半径Ｒとの関係は Ｒ／L₂＝tan1/2（90゜−α）であることから、 L₂＝Ｒ／tan1/2（90゜−α）となる。このこと
から円筒面Ｂの直径が2Rから2R′に変化した場
合、第一、第二基準面Ｃ，Ｄは L₂′＝R′／tan1/2（90゜−α）の位置に移動する
ことになるが、各基準面Ｃ，Ｄ，Ｆと、検出器の
検出可能範囲Ｚとの設定条件により、円筒面Ｂが
基準面Ｃ，Ｄ，Ｆに３箇所で接した場合は、前述
の内接円の性質により必然的に触針５の位置は、
円筒面Ｂの母線上に設定されるため、実際の測定
にあたつては、基本配置構成（）で行なつたよ
うな、Ｒ及びR′の寸法からL₂及びL₂′の寸法をわ
り出す必要はない。 Next, a method for measuring the basic configuration () will be explained. In Figs. 1 and 3, when measuring the corner of a cylindrical surface B with a diameter of 2R, first press the third reference surface F against the cylindrical surface B, then press the first and second reference surfaces C, D. is the intersection angle with the third reference plane F (90°-α)
While maintaining this, both move to a position where they touch the cylindrical surface B, and the measurement is performed with the reference surfaces C, D, and F touching three points on the cylindrical surface. At this time, the relationship between the distance L ₂ from the intersection of the first and second reference planes C and D with the third reference plane F to the bisecting plane and the radius R of the cylinder is R/L ₂ = tan1 /2(90°-α), so L ₂ =R/tan1/2(90°-α). From this, when the diameter of the cylindrical surface B changes from 2R to 2R', the first and second reference planes C and D move to the position L ₂ '=R'/tan1/2 (90°-α). However, if the cylindrical surface B touches the reference surfaces C, D, and F at three points due to the setting conditions of each reference surface C, D, and F and the detectable range Z of the detector, the above-mentioned Due to the nature of the inscribed circle, the position of the stylus 5 is necessarily
Since it is set on the generatrix of the cylindrical surface B, in actual measurement, the dimensions of L ₂ and L ₂ ' are divided from the dimensions of R and R' as in the basic arrangement (). There's no need to take it out.

以下本発明の実施例を図面にもとづいて説明す
る。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

基本配置構成（）の実施例 本測定器の主要部分は第５図および第６図に示
すとおり、測定器本体１から突出した回転軸２に
取付けられた検出器３と、検出器３から回転軸２
と同心に延出したアーム４と、アーム４の先端部
側面に取付けられた触針５と、測定器本体１の端
部に設けられた目盛ガイド６と、第一及び第二基
準面Ｃ，Ｄを持ち本体１の端面に沿つて、測定時
に回転軸２に対して直角に位置する被測定物の円
筒面Ｂの軸心と回転軸２の軸心とに共に直角方向
に移動できる基準片７と、基準辺７の位置を測定
器本体１に固定するためのセツトスクリユ８とよ
り構成される。９は目盛、１０は指標である。Example of Basic Arrangement () As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the main parts of this measuring instrument are a detector 3 attached to a rotating shaft 2 protruding from the measuring instrument body 1, and a rotating shaft from the detector 3. Axis 2
an arm 4 extending concentrically with the arm 4, a stylus 5 attached to the side surface of the distal end of the arm 4, a scale guide 6 provided at the end of the measuring instrument body 1, first and second reference planes C, A reference piece having a diameter D and movable along the end surface of the main body 1 in a direction perpendicular to both the axis of the cylindrical surface B of the object to be measured and the axis of the rotating shaft 2, which is located perpendicular to the rotating shaft 2 during measurement. 7, and a set screw 8 for fixing the position of the reference side 7 to the measuring instrument main body 1. 9 is a scale, and 10 is an index.

なお、触針５は回転軸２の回転にともなつて検
出器３およびアーム４とともに回転する。基準片
７の第一、第二基準面Ｃ，Ｄの交角を２等分する
仮想面（２等分面）に対して回転軸２の軸心Ｏ−
Ｏが直交し、さらに、既述の検出器３の検出可能
範囲Ｚ（第４図）が前記２等分面内にあるように
する。また、前記状態を保持したまま本体１に対
して移動可能な基準片７の移動量は、目盛ガイド
６上の目盛９により示される。さらに、基準片７
の側端面Ｅ（第６図）を既述の補助基準面とする。 Note that the stylus 5 rotates together with the detector 3 and arm 4 as the rotating shaft 2 rotates. The axis O- of the rotating shaft 2 with respect to a virtual plane (bisector plane) that divides the intersection angle of the first and second reference planes C and D of the reference piece 7 into two equal parts.
0 are perpendicular to each other, and the detectable range Z (FIG. 4) of the detector 3 described above is made to lie within the bisecting plane. Further, the amount of movement of the reference piece 7, which can be moved relative to the main body 1 while maintaining the above state, is indicated by the scale 9 on the scale guide 6. Furthermore, the reference piece 7
Let the side end surface E (FIG. 6) be the previously mentioned auxiliary reference surface.

本実施例では、基準片７の第一、第二基準面
Ｃ，Ｄを円筒面Ｂ（第１図）に押しあて、補助基
準面である基準片７の端面Ｅを被測定物の端面Ａ
（第１図）に押しあてることで第４図に示す隅部
形状ｅ−ｆの計測を行なうものである。 In this embodiment, the first and second reference surfaces C and D of the reference piece 7 are pressed against the cylindrical surface B (Fig. 1), and the end surface E of the reference piece 7, which is the auxiliary reference surface, is pressed against the end surface A of the object to be measured.
(Fig. 1) to measure the corner shape e-f shown in Fig. 4.

次に本実施例の測定方法について説明する。第
５図および第６図において、まず円筒面Ｂの直径
寸法を実測または図面寸法により求める。求めた
寸法を2Rとした場合、基準片７を L₁＝Ｒ（１−sinα）／sinα（第２図）の位置まで
移動する。これはあらかじめ目盛ガイド６にL₁
＝Ｒ（１−sinα）／sinαの関係で目盛９が打つて
あるため、指針１０を2Rの目盛に合わせ、その
位置をセツトスクリユ８で固定すればよい。次に
基準片７の第一、第二基準面Ｃ，Ｄを円筒面Ｂに
押しあて、同様に補助基準面Ｅを端面Ａ（第６図）
に押しあてる。この状態で回転軸２を駆動すれ
ば、触針５の軌跡は第１図イ，ロの矢印′の
方向線を含む平面上に描かれ、さらに触針５の軌
跡と変位量を、例えばＸ−Ｙ記録計に変換して拡
大記録を描かせれば、第４図の線ｇ−ｈをそのま
ま拡大した記録が得られる。 Next, the measurement method of this example will be explained. In FIGS. 5 and 6, first, the diameter of the cylindrical surface B is determined by actual measurement or drawing dimensions. If the obtained dimension is 2R, move the reference piece 7 to the position L ₁ =R (1-sin α)/sin α (Fig. 2). This is set in advance to the scale guide _6.
Since the scale 9 is set according to the relationship =R(1-sinα)/sinα, it is sufficient to align the pointer 10 with the 2R scale and fix the position with the set screw 8. Next, press the first and second reference surfaces C and D of the reference piece 7 against the cylindrical surface B, and similarly press the auxiliary reference surface E against the end surface A (Fig. 6).
Press against. If the rotating shaft 2 is driven in this state, the locus of the stylus 5 will be drawn on a plane that includes the direction line of arrows 'A and B' in Figure 1, and the locus and displacement of the stylus 5 will be drawn, for example, by - If the recorder is converted to a Y recorder and an enlarged record is drawn, a record obtained by enlarging the line gh in FIG. 4 as it is is obtained.

基本配置構成（）の実施例 本測定器の主要部分は、第７図及び第８図に示
すとおり、測定器本体１から突出した回転軸２に
取付けられた検出器３と、検出器３から回転軸２
と同心に延出したアーム４と、アーム４の先端部
側面に取付けられた触針５と、測定器本体１の端
部に取付けられた固定基準片１５と、固定基準片
１５内に組込まれた片方右ねじ、片方左ねじを切
つた調整ねじ１１と、固定基準片１５に形成した
第三基準面Ｆに対して回転軸２と同方向に可動
で、調整ねじ１１によつて同時に反対方向へ同量
移動する第一、第二基準面Ｃ，Ｄをもつた一対の
可動基準片１２，１３と、調整ねじ１１を外部か
ら駆動するために調整ねじ１１の端部に取りつけ
られたつまみ１４とから構成される。Example of Basic Arrangement Configuration () As shown in Figs. Rotating axis 2
an arm 4 extending concentrically with the arm 4, a stylus 5 attached to the side surface of the distal end of the arm 4, a fixed reference piece 15 attached to the end of the measuring instrument body 1, and a fixed reference piece 15 incorporated into the fixed reference piece 15. The adjusting screw 11 has one right-handed thread and one left-handed thread, and is movable in the same direction as the rotating shaft 2 with respect to the third reference plane F formed on the fixed reference piece 15, and is simultaneously movable in the opposite direction by the adjusting screw 11. A pair of movable reference pieces 12 and 13 having first and second reference surfaces C and D that move by the same amount to It consists of

なお、触針５は回転軸２の回転にともなつて検
出器３およびアーム４とともに回転する。固定基
準片１５に形成した第三基準面Ｆを、回転軸２の
回転軸心Ｏ−Ｏと平行で、かつ検出器３の検出可
能範囲Ｚ内で軸心Ｏ−Ｏとの距離l₁の位置（第４
図）に配置し、端面Ｅ（第８図）を既述の補助基
準面とする。軸心Ｏ−Ｏは可動基準片１２，１３
の第一、第二基準面Ｃ，Ｄの交角を２等分する仮
想面（２等分面）に直交し、検出器３の検出可能
範囲Ｚ（第４図）が前記２等分面に含まれるよう
配置する。 Note that the stylus 5 rotates together with the detector 3 and arm 4 as the rotating shaft 2 rotates. The third reference plane F formed on the fixed reference piece 15 is parallel to the rotational axis O-O of the rotating shaft 2 and within the detectable range Z of the detector 3 and at a distance l ₁ from the axis O-O. Position (4th
), and the end surface E (FIG. 8) is used as the previously mentioned auxiliary reference surface. The axis O-O is the movable reference piece 12, 13
is perpendicular to a virtual plane (bisector) that bisects the intersection angle of the first and second reference planes C and D, and the detectable range Z of the detector 3 (Fig. 4) is on the bisector. Arrange to include.

次にこの実施例の測定方法について説明する。
まず、つまみ１４により調整ねじ１１を回転さ
せ、可動基準片１２，１３を開方向に移動させ
る。次に被測定物の円筒面Ｂに固定基準片１５の
第三基準面Ｆを押しあて、同時に補助基準面Ｅを
被測定物の端面Ａに押しあてる。次に、この状態
を保つたまま調整ねじ１１を回転させて第一、第
二基準面Ｃ，Ｄがともに被測定物の円筒面Ｂに当
接するまで可動基準片１２，１３を閉方向に移動
する。このとき、第一、第二基準面Ｃ，Ｄは第三
基準面Ｆに対し同一の交角に設定されているた
め、三角形の内接円の関係から第三基準面Ｆと円
筒面Ｂとの接点は、第一、第二基準面Ｃ，Ｄの交
角の２等分面上に設定される。この状態で回転軸
２を駆動すれば、触針５の軌跡は第１図の矢印
′の方向線を含む平面上に描かれ、さらに触針
５の軌跡と変位とを、例えばＸ−Ｙ記録計に変換
して拡大記録を描かせることにより、第４図の線
ｇ−ｈをそのまま拡大した記録が得られる。 Next, the measurement method of this example will be explained.
First, the adjustment screw 11 is rotated using the knob 14 to move the movable reference pieces 12, 13 in the opening direction. Next, the third reference surface F of the fixed reference piece 15 is pressed against the cylindrical surface B of the object to be measured, and at the same time, the auxiliary reference surface E is pressed against the end surface A of the object to be measured. Next, while maintaining this state, rotate the adjustment screw 11 to move the movable reference pieces 12 and 13 in the closing direction until both the first and second reference surfaces C and D come into contact with the cylindrical surface B of the object to be measured. do. At this time, since the first and second reference planes C and D are set at the same angle of intersection with the third reference plane F, the relationship between the third reference plane F and the cylindrical surface B is The contact point is set on the bisecting plane of the intersection of the first and second reference planes C and D. If the rotating shaft 2 is driven in this state, the locus of the stylus 5 will be drawn on a plane including the direction line of the arrow ' in FIG. By converting it into a total and drawing an enlarged record, a record obtained by directly enlarging the line gh in FIG. 4 can be obtained.

以上のように本発明は、触針５および検出器３
を取付けた回転軸２の回転運動により測定を行な
う測定機構と、２個または３個の基準面Ｃ，Ｄ，
Ｆと、１個の補助基準面とから成り、基準面と回
転軸心の関係を一定に保ち、各基準面を被測定物
に押しあてて部分円形状を測定するものである。
よつて従来の精密形の検出器直進式の測定器が、
調整台に被測定物を設置して測定する方式である
のに対して、本発明では、測定装置を被測定物に
押しあてて測定する方式であるため、調整台は不
要となり、従来の測定装置にくらべて小型、軽量
となつた。また被測定物を調整台に乗せる必要が
ないため、被測定物の形状、大きさに制約がなく
なり、特に大形の被測定物や複数個の軸心を有す
る被測定物の計測に適する。さらに同一形状の被
測定物を多数個計測する場合に、個々の被測定物
を調整台に乗せて測定方向を合致させる必要がな
くなつたので、従来の計測方法とくらべて、計測
作業に要する時間が極めて短時間ですむため、従
来、抜きとり検査にたよらざるを得なかつた部品
検査を、ほぼ同等の作業時間で全数検査にするこ
とが可能になり、品質管理の面からも産業上極め
て有用である。 As described above, the present invention includes the stylus 5 and the detector 3.
A measurement mechanism that performs measurements by the rotational movement of a rotating shaft 2 with a 2 or 3 reference planes C, D,
F and one auxiliary reference surface, the relationship between the reference surface and the rotation axis is maintained constant, and each reference surface is pressed against the object to be measured to measure a partial circular shape.
Therefore, the conventional precision detector linear measuring instrument
In contrast to the method in which the object to be measured is placed on an adjustment table for measurement, the present invention uses a method in which the measuring device is pressed against the object to be measured. It is smaller and lighter than other devices. Furthermore, since there is no need to place the object to be measured on an adjustment table, there are no restrictions on the shape and size of the object to be measured, making it particularly suitable for measuring large objects or objects having a plurality of axes. Furthermore, when measuring multiple objects of the same shape, it is no longer necessary to place each object on an adjustment table and align the measurement directions, reducing the time required for measurement compared to conventional measurement methods. Because the time required is extremely short, it is now possible to perform a complete inspection of all parts in almost the same amount of time, instead of having to rely on spot inspections in the past, making this an industry-leading improvement from the standpoint of quality control. Useful.

なお、基本配置構成（）の測定器は、被測定
物の軸径を図面または実測で調査する必要がある
が、測定方法は極めて簡便であるため、同一部品
を多数計測する作業に適しており、基本配置構成
（）の測定器は被測定物の軸径を測定する必要
がいないため、クランクシヤフトのような複数個
の軸径を持つ部品の計測に適している。 Note that with the measuring instrument in the basic configuration (), it is necessary to investigate the shaft diameter of the object to be measured using drawings or actual measurements, but the measuring method is extremely simple, so it is suitable for work that involves measuring a large number of the same parts. Since the measuring instrument with the basic configuration () does not need to measure the shaft diameter of the object to be measured, it is suitable for measuring parts with multiple shaft diameters, such as crankshafts.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は触針の移動方向と被測定物との関係を
例示し、イは側面図、ロは右端面図、第２図は基
本配置構成（）の原理図、第３図は基本配置構
成（）の原理図、第４図は部分円と検出器の検
出可能範囲との関係を示す拡大図、第５図は基本
配置構成（）の実施例の正面図、第６図は第５
図の左側面図、第７図は基本配置構成（）の実
施例の正面図、第８図は第７図の左側面図であ
る。 １：測定器本体、２：回転軸、３：検出器、
４：アーム、５：触針、６：目盛ガイド、７：基
準片、８：セツトスクリユ、９：目盛、１０：指
標、１１：調整ねじ、１２，１３：可動基準片、
１４：つまみ、１５：固定基準片、Ｃ：第一基準
面、Ｄ：第二基準面、Ｅ：補助基準面、Ｆ：第三
基準面。 Figure 1 illustrates the relationship between the moving direction of the stylus and the object to be measured, where A is a side view, B is a right end view, Figure 2 is a principle diagram of the basic arrangement (), and Figure 3 is the basic arrangement. Fig. 4 is an enlarged view showing the relationship between the partial circle and the detectable range of the detector, Fig. 5 is a front view of an embodiment of the basic arrangement (), and Fig.
7 is a front view of an embodiment of the basic arrangement (), and FIG. 8 is a left side view of FIG. 7. 1: Measuring instrument body, 2: Rotating axis, 3: Detector,
4: Arm, 5: Stylus, 6: Scale guide, 7: Reference piece, 8: Set screw, 9: Scale, 10: Index, 11: Adjustment screw, 12, 13: Movable reference piece,
14: knob, 15: fixed reference piece, C: first reference surface, D: second reference surface, E: auxiliary reference surface, F: third reference surface.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 １ 測定器本体１から突出する回転軸２に取付け
た検出器３から、先端部側面に触針５を突出させ
たアーム４を回転軸２と同心に延出させ、触針５
を物体の輪郭に当接させつつ回転軸２を回転させ
て物体の輪郭形状測定を行なう測定機構を有し、
測定器本体１の側面に沿つて、測定時に回転軸２
に対して直角に位置する被測定物の円筒面Ｂの軸
心と回転軸２の軸心とに共に直角な方向に移動及
び固定自在な基準片７を設け、基準片７には、外
方に開くＶ形に交差しＶ形の交差角を二等分する
仮想面が回転軸２の軸心に直交し、測定時に被測
定物の円筒面Ｂに当接させられる第一及び第二の
２個の基準面Ｃ，Ｄを対向させて形成し、検出器
３の検出可能範囲Ｚを上記仮想面内に位置させ、
この仮想面に直交し測定時に被測定物の円筒軸に
直角な面に当接させられる補助基準面Ｅを基準片
７の側面に形成したことを特徴とする部分円の形
状寸法測定器。 ２ 測定器本体１から突出する回転軸２に取付け
た検出器３から、先端部側面に触針５を突出させ
たアーム４を回転軸２と同心に延出させ、触針５
を物体の輪郭に当接させつつ回転軸２を回転させ
て物体の輪郭形状測定を行なう測定機構を有し、
測定器本体１に固着した固定基準片１５の一側面
に第三基準面Ｆを形成し、両端側に逆ねじを切つ
た調整ねじ１１に駆動されて、第三基準面Ｆに対
する角度を変えることなく同時に回転軸２と同方
向で互に反対方向に同距離を移動する２個の可動
基準片１２，１３を設け、両可動基準片１２，１
３の対向面に、固定基準片１５から離れるに従つ
て狭くなり頂部を欠いたＶ形で測定時に第三基準
面Ｆと共に被測定物の円筒面に当接させられる第
一及び第二基準面Ｃ，Ｄを形成し、第三基準面Ｆ
は、第一及び第二基準面Ｃ，Ｄの交差角を二等分
する仮想面に直交させ、検出器３の検出可能範囲
Ｚをこの仮想面内に位置させ、固定基準片１５の
他の側面に、３個の基準面Ｃ，Ｄ，Ｆに直交する
補助基準面Ｅを形成したことを特徴とする部分円
の形状寸法測定器。[Scope of Claims] 1. An arm 4 having a stylus 5 protruding from the side surface of its tip extends concentrically with the rotating shaft 2 from a detector 3 attached to a rotating shaft 2 protruding from the measuring instrument body 1. needle 5
It has a measuring mechanism that measures the contour shape of an object by rotating the rotating shaft 2 while bringing it into contact with the contour of the object,
Along the side of the measuring instrument body 1, the rotation axis 2 is rotated during measurement.
A reference piece 7 is provided which can be moved and fixed in a direction perpendicular to both the axis of the cylindrical surface B of the object to be measured and the axis of the rotary shaft 2, which are located at right angles to the object. An imaginary plane that intersects a V-shape that opens into two halves and bisects the intersection angle of the V-shape is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft 2, and the first and second Two reference planes C and D are formed to face each other, and the detectable range Z of the detector 3 is located within the virtual plane,
A partial circle shape and dimension measuring device characterized in that an auxiliary reference surface E is formed on the side surface of the reference piece 7, which is perpendicular to this virtual surface and brought into contact with a surface perpendicular to the cylindrical axis of the object to be measured during measurement. 2. From the detector 3 attached to the rotating shaft 2 protruding from the measuring instrument body 1, an arm 4 with a stylus 5 protruding from the side surface of its tip extends concentrically with the rotating shaft 2, and the stylus 5
It has a measuring mechanism that measures the contour shape of an object by rotating the rotating shaft 2 while bringing it into contact with the contour of the object,
A third reference plane F is formed on one side of a fixed reference piece 15 fixed to the measuring instrument body 1, and the angle with respect to the third reference plane F is changed by being driven by an adjustment screw 11 having reverse threads on both ends. Two movable reference pieces 12 and 13 are provided which simultaneously move in the same direction as the rotating shaft 2 and the same distance in opposite directions, and both movable reference pieces 12 and 1
3, there are first and second reference surfaces which are V-shaped and which become narrower as they move away from the fixed reference piece 15 and lack a top, and are brought into contact with the cylindrical surface of the object to be measured together with the third reference surface F during measurement. C and D, and the third reference plane F
The intersection angle of the first and second reference planes C and D is orthogonal to a virtual plane bisecting the two, the detectable range Z of the detector 3 is located within this virtual plane, and the other fixed reference pieces 15 are A partial circle shape and dimension measuring device characterized in that an auxiliary reference plane E that is perpendicular to the three reference planes C, D, and F is formed on the side surface.