JPH01235523A - Plant growth using box-shaped container and system therefor - Google Patents
Plant growth using box-shaped container and system thereforInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01235523A JPH01235523A JP6393688A JP6393688A JPH01235523A JP H01235523 A JPH01235523 A JP H01235523A JP 6393688 A JP6393688 A JP 6393688A JP 6393688 A JP6393688 A JP 6393688A JP H01235523 A JPH01235523 A JP H01235523A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- box
- soil
- continuous
- shaped containers
- isolation bed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 title 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 31
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 7
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014698 Brassica juncea var multisecta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006008 Brassica napus var napus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000385 Brassica napus var. napus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006618 Brassica rapa subsp oleifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000218645 Cedrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
「産業上の利用分野」
本発明は、ハウス栽培における一作単位て栽培土壌を入
れ替える方式の箱形容器を有効に利用して花弁、疏菜、
果樹等の植物を栽培する箱形容器による植物栽培方法及
びその装置に間するものである。Detailed Description of the Invention "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention effectively utilizes a box-shaped container that replaces the cultivation soil for each crop in greenhouse cultivation to grow petals, canola, etc.
This invention relates to a method for cultivating plants such as fruit trees using a box-shaped container, and an apparatus therefor.
「従来の技術Ｊ
従来この種連続隔離床を利用する植物栽培方法及びその
装置としては、次にょうな技術文献が提案され、その一
部の技術は実用に供されている。``Prior Art J'' Conventionally, the following technical documents have been proposed as plant cultivation methods and devices using this type of continuous isolated bed, and some of the techniques have been put into practical use.
即ち、実公昭５６−５２８３２号の植物栽培用隔離床の
考案があり、 しかもこれに類する技術がヘンチ戟培と
して実用に供されている。その要旨は、長尺の隔離床容
器の底板を中央に向かって１ｌｊｌ斜状に収斂させ、こ
の収斂部に通孔を有する通気路を設け、この通気路の上
面に通気空部を備えた保水通路を設け、この保水通電層
の上部に栽培土壌を設ける構成となっており、通気路を
消毒用の配管又は排水用、病原菌又は病害虫或は塩基流
出用の配管として利用し、連作障害の防止と、保水性、
保温性並びに通電性等を備えた栽培環境を生成すること
を特徴とするものである。またこの植物栽培用隔離床と
同様な方法で、この栽培土壌に替えロックウールを用い
る栽培方法とか、その他水耕栽培方法とがある。That is, an isolated bed for plant cultivation was devised in Utility Model Publication No. 56-52832, and a technology similar to this has been put to practical use as a hench culture. The gist of this is that the bottom plate of a long isolation bed container converges toward the center in a diagonal shape of 1ljl, a ventilation passage with a through hole is provided in this convergence part, and a water storage container with a ventilation cavity on the top surface of this ventilation passage is constructed. A passage is provided, and the cultivation soil is placed on top of this water-retaining conductive layer, and the ventilation passage is used as a disinfection piping, drainage, pathogens, pests, or base runoff, to prevent continuous crop failure. and water retention,
It is characterized by creating a cultivation environment with heat retention and electrical conductivity. In addition, there are cultivation methods similar to this isolated bed for plant cultivation, such as using rock wool instead of the cultivation soil, and other hydroponic cultivation methods.
又連作障害を有効に防止するその他の技術文献としては
、特公昭５５−３０８０６号の槌物欽培土壌の消毒方法
があり、その要旨は、ポリプロピレンシート等を介して
植物栽培用隔離床を形成し、この隔ｍ床の栽培土壌中に
合成樹脂製網目円筒管を埋設し、この円筒管は連通管を
介して大気中に連通されているとともに、この連通管に
は高温高圧蒸気装置が設けられている。そして消毒時に
は前記隔離床をポリプロピしンシートで蒔蔽し、消毒用
蒸気を栽培土壌に供給するもので、その効果は、前記円
筒管及び連通管を介して水及び空気を供給して根圏内を
高い気相率に維持することと、塩基等を水を介して流出
させ栽培作物に有益な土壌を生成すること、及び連作障
害を防止するために、前記円筒管及び連通管を介して高
温高圧Ｍ気を栽培土壌に浸透させ土壌病原菌、土１１病
害虫を死滅又は撲滅することにある。Another technical document that effectively prevents continuous cropping damage is a method for disinfecting Tsuchimono cultured soil, published in Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-30806. A mesh cylindrical pipe made of synthetic resin is buried in this m-bed cultivation soil, and this cylindrical pipe is communicated with the atmosphere via a communication pipe, and a high-temperature and high-pressure steam device is installed in this communication pipe. It is being During disinfection, the isolation bed is covered with polypropylene sheets and disinfectant steam is supplied to the cultivation soil.The effect is that water and air are supplied through the cylindrical pipe and the communication pipe to clean the inside of the rhizosphere. In order to maintain a high gas phase ratio, to flush out bases etc. through water to create soil useful for cultivated crops, and to prevent continuous cropping failure, high temperature and high pressure is applied through the cylindrical pipe and the communicating pipe. The purpose is to infiltrate the cultivation soil with M Qi to kill or eradicate soil pathogens and soil pests.
そのＩｔ！！栽培用容器に間しては、実公昭３７−２４
９４５号の苗の育成、移植用枠があり、その要旨は、隔
板を介して栽培用容器を区画形成し、具体的には幼苗を
一株ずつ別個に育成できる構成とし、育成、移植並ひに
殺菌の容易性にある。又特公昭５６−３７７６４号の植
物栽培装置があり、その要旨は、長方形状の容器内にそ
の長手方向に連設する多孔パイプを配設し、同パイプの
上部に接し同パイプと直交する直立壁によって同パイプ
の上部部分において複数の独立圃場を並設するｌ−ｉ成
で、その特徴は、幼苗の一株単位での育成と、潅水、施
肥等の容易化にある。That It! ! Regarding cultivation containers, the Utility Model Act was established in 1977-24.
There is a frame for growing and transplanting seedlings, No. 945, and its gist is that the cultivation container is divided into sections through partition plates, and specifically, it has a structure that allows young seedlings to be grown individually one by one. It is easy to sterilize. There is also a plant cultivation device disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-37764, the gist of which is that a perforated pipe is arranged in a rectangular container and is connected in the longitudinal direction of the container, and an upright tube that touches the upper part of the pipe and is perpendicular to the pipe. This is an 1-1 system in which multiple independent fields are arranged side by side in the upper part of the same pipe by a wall, and its characteristics are that it allows individual seedlings to be grown and facilitates irrigation, fertilization, etc.
「発明が解決しようとする問題点」
上記各技術文献の中で、連作障害を防止する消毒、通水
の技術は前述の如く比較的簡易な操作で、栽培土壌の殺
菌又は制菌をなすこと及び化学肥料、塩基の除去も可能
となると思われる。しかしながら、前述殺菌、塩基類の
除去をほぼ完全になすことは不可能で、病原菌、病害虫
の残存することがしばしば見受けられる処である。具体
的には、これらの消毒方法では、戟ｔｇ土壌中の残根に
病原菌が残留することがあり、これが起因して病原菌か
栽培土壌中に蔓延する恐れがあること、又消毒されたと
はいえ栽培土壌を繰り返し使用することは、自ずから限
界があり、数年の内にはやはり連作障害が発生しやすい
ものである。"Problems to be Solved by the Invention" Among the above technical documents, the disinfection and water flow techniques to prevent continuous cropping failure are described as sterilizing or sterilizing cultivated soil with relatively simple operations, as described above. It also seems possible to remove chemical fertilizers and bases. However, it is impossible to achieve almost complete sterilization and removal of bases, and pathogens and pests often remain. Specifically, with these disinfection methods, pathogenic bacteria may remain in the remaining roots in the soil, and this may cause the pathogenic bacteria to spread into the cultivated soil. Repeated use of cultivation soil has its own limitations, and continuous cropping failure is likely to occur within a few years.
更に持ち運びが原則としてできず１．不便を５しること
、栽培環境に対応して速やかに対処することが困難視さ
れる。又簡易にハウスからハウスへ、また露地栽培から
ハウス栽培へと切り替えること等は到底不可能と考えら
れる処である。Furthermore, it is basically impossible to carry.1. It is considered difficult to deal with the inconvenience promptly and to adapt to the cultivation environment. Furthermore, it is considered impossible to simply switch from greenhouse to greenhouse or from open field cultivation to greenhouse cultivation.
尚栽培用容器等に間する技術文献は、原則として一株単
位等の少ブロック単位で植物栽培が可能となる特徴を有
している。しかしながら長尺物の容器形状となっている
ことから少なからず問題がある。即ち、栽培環境の均一
化、病原菌、病害虫対策上、その他採光及び炭酸ガス等
の均一な付与なとの見地より、ハウス内等での位置替λ
又は露地栽培よりハウス栽培への切り替えの必要性が発
生した場合、簡易に運搬、位置替えができず迅速な対発
ができないこと、その他対応が後手に回り思わぬ被害が
発生する虞があったこと。また前記運搬等の際に、人手
特に男手を要することなと問題がある。Technical documents related to cultivation containers and the like have the characteristic that, in principle, plants can be cultivated in small block units such as single plant units. However, since it is shaped like a long container, there are some problems. In other words, from the viewpoint of uniformity of the cultivation environment, prevention of pathogenic bacteria and pests, and uniform provision of sunlight and carbon dioxide gas, etc., the position change in the greenhouse, etc.
Or, if it becomes necessary to switch from open-field cultivation to greenhouse cultivation, there is a risk that it will not be possible to easily transport or relocate the crop, making it impossible to respond quickly, or that the response will be too late, resulting in unexpected damage. thing. Further, there is a problem in that during the transportation, etc., manpower, especially men, is required.
「発明が解決しようとする問題点」
上記に鑑み本発明は、際場と土壌を原則として一株単位
で入れ替えることにより連作障害及び病原菌、病害虫の
蔓延を防止することと、小箱状の箱形容器をハウス内に
連設する構成とし、箱形容器単位で簡易に運搬、移送が
でき、しかも何人でも簡易にこれらの所作ができるよう
にして、植物栽培の作業性の向上と、ハウスの遊休期間
の減少、栽培作業のＩＩ８化に大いに寄与することを目
的とし、具体的には、ハウス内の棟方向に連設される多
数個の小箱状の箱形容器は、有底形状でその底部には透
孔が開設され、 しかもその上面は開口とされている。"Problems to be Solved by the Invention" In view of the above, the present invention aims to prevent continuous crop failure and the spread of pathogenic bacteria and pests by replacing the soil and soil on a per-plant basis, and to prevent the spread of pathogenic bacteria and pests. The box-shaped containers are arranged in a row in the greenhouse, and each box-shaped container can be easily transported and transported, and any number of people can easily perform these operations. The aim is to greatly contribute to reducing idle periods and making cultivation work more efficient. Specifically, a large number of small box-shaped containers arranged in a row in the direction of the ridge inside the greenhouse are designed to have a bottomed shape. There is a through hole at the bottom, and an opening at the top.
このような箱形容器に先ず一株単位で入れ替えられる栽
培土壌を充填した後、さし穂、種蒔等して育苗をし、ハ
ウス内の棟方向に連設的（この連設的のなかには、後述
する枕木状の連設も含む。）に多数個の箱形容器を定置
させ連続隔離床を形成する。尚場合により、前記さし穂
、種蒔等して育苗をし、この育苗後、ハウス内等を有効
に利用するために集合的に配設する。その後植物が所定
の大きさに生育した段階で、この箱形容器をハウス内の
棟方向二こ連設的に多数個定置させ連続隔離床を形成す
る。このようにして構成した連続隔離床の長手方向に給
水用又は給液用のバイブを配備して定植用の連続隔離床
が形成される。このような定植用の連続隔離床をハウス
内の棟方向に多数並設する。After first filling such a box-shaped container with cultivation soil that can be replaced on a per plant basis, seedlings are raised by cuttings, seeds, etc. A continuous isolation bed is formed by placing a large number of box-shaped containers in a row (including a series of railroad ties described below). In some cases, seedlings are raised by cutting, sowing seeds, etc., and after raising the seedlings, the seedlings are placed collectively in order to make effective use of the inside of the greenhouse, etc. Thereafter, when the plants have grown to a predetermined size, a large number of these box-shaped containers are placed in two rows in the direction of the ridge within the greenhouse to form a continuous isolation bed. A continuous isolation bed for planting is formed by disposing vibrators for water supply or liquid supply in the longitudinal direction of the continuous isolation bed constructed in this manner. A large number of such continuous isolated beds for planting are installed in parallel in the direction of the ridge within the greenhouse.
その後水又は液肥を繰り返して育植していき、その過程
で摘心、整枝等の所作をなした後に開花させ、所定の時
間に採花、収穫するように構成した箱形容器による植物
栽培方法及びその装置である。A method of cultivating plants using a box-shaped container configured to then repeatedly apply water or liquid fertilizer to grow the plants, perform operations such as pruning and trimming the branches during the process, flower, and collect and harvest the flowers at a predetermined time. It is a device.
「作用」
次に本発明の詳細な説明すると、先ず消毒済み（新品の
場合は原則として不要）の多数個の箱形容器にブレンド
された栽培土壌を充填する作業をした後、この多数個の
箱形容器の栽培土壌に栽培植物のさし穂又は種蒔等をし
、ここに育苗用の箱形容器を多数個作成する。このよう
にして、育苗用の箱形容器を多数個作成した後は、ハウ
ス内の畝に相当する部分の土壌上に白色又は置き等の反
射作用を備えたビニールシート等の遮蔽部材を延層し、
この遮蔽部材の上に前記育苗用の箱形容器を一列状に連
設する０通常遮蔽部材の上には一列状の育苗用の箱形容
器を並設するようにして、二連状の敵となす、この連設
状のｗｉ影容器の長手方向でかつ幅方向の中央部に、し
かもこの箱形容器の上面に近接又は上面の切欠部に水供
給用又は液肥供給用のバイブ（ビニールバイブでも可、
以下同じ）を設け、そのノズル（透孔ても可、以下同し
）をバイブの長手方向と同方向に開口することにより、
ここに定植用の連続隔離床が構成される。この場合バイ
ブの両側に育苗中の栽培植物の芽が位置するようになす
。"Operation" Next, to explain the present invention in detail, first, a large number of sterilized box-shaped containers (not necessary in principle if the containers are new) are filled with blended cultivation soil, and then a large number of sterilized box-shaped containers are filled with the blended cultivation soil. Cultivation in Box-shaped Containers Cuttings or seeds of cultivated plants are sown in the soil, and a large number of box-shaped containers for raising seedlings are prepared here. After creating a large number of box-shaped containers for raising seedlings in this way, a layer of shielding material such as white or reflective vinyl sheeting is placed on the soil in the areas corresponding to the ridges inside the greenhouse. death,
On this shielding member, the box-shaped containers for raising seedlings are arranged in a row. Normally, on the shielding member, a row of box-shaped containers for raising seedlings are arranged in parallel, so that two rows of enemy A vibrator (vinyl vibrator) for supplying water or liquid fertilizer is installed in the longitudinal and widthwise center of this continuous container, and also in the vicinity of the top surface of this box-shaped container or in the notch on the top surface. But it's possible,
By opening the nozzle (a through hole is also possible, the same applies hereinafter) in the same direction as the longitudinal direction of the vibrator,
A continuous isolated bed for planting will be constructed here. In this case, the buds of the cultivated plants being raised are positioned on both sides of the vibrator.
以上のような構成された定植用の連続隔離床において、
時間の経過とか、栽培土壌の乾燥状況等を考慮して、タ
ンク内に貯留されている液肥又は水道水をポンプアップ
し、配管を介してバイブに給送し、バイブのノズルより
栽培土壌の上面に拡散又は噴霧する等して供給するが、
この場合パイプが箱形容器の上面に近接されていること
から、栽培土壌に有効に供給されることと、開花した花
、つぼみ等に水、液肥等がかかることがないので、花、
つぼみの変色、変質等を防止でき美しい花、つぼみ、葉
を有する植物を収穫、提供できること。また供給された
水、液肥の余剰分は箱形容器の底部に設けた透孔より遮
蔽部材の上に流出され、その後土壌中に浸透していく。In the continuous isolated bed for planting constructed as above,
Taking into consideration the passage of time and the dryness of the cultivation soil, the liquid fertilizer or tap water stored in the tank is pumped up and fed to the vibrator via piping, and the top surface of the cultivation soil is pumped up through the nozzle of the vibrator. It is supplied by diffusing or spraying, etc.
In this case, since the pipe is close to the top of the box-shaped container, it is effectively supplied to the cultivation soil, and since water, liquid fertilizer, etc. are not splashed on the flowers, buds, etc.
To harvest and provide plants having beautiful flowers, buds, and leaves by preventing discoloration, deterioration, etc. of buds. In addition, excess water and liquid fertilizer are discharged onto the shielding member through holes provided at the bottom of the box-shaped container, and then permeate into the soil.
このような給水または給液等の過程を繰り返し栽培植物
を定植かつ栽培していくとともに、摘心、整枝等の所作
を繰り返していき、所定の時期とか、花の開花状況を勘
案して収穫されろものである。Plants are planted and cultivated by repeating this process of watering or supplying liquid, etc., as well as repeating actions such as pruning and trimming, and are harvested at a designated time and taking into account the blooming status of the flowers. It is something.
尚育苗用の箱形容器を集中管理方式とすることもてき、
この場合は、前述の如く、育苗用の箱形容器を多数個作
成する。このようにして、育苗用の箱形容器を多数個作
成した後は、ハウス内又は露地栽培の場所に集中配備し
、集中管理する。これによりハウスを有効に利用すると
ともに、栽培作業の合理化を図る。そうして、育苗中の
栽培植物が所定の大きさに成長した後に、ハウス内に移
送するものであり、前述と同様にハウス内の畝に相当す
る部分の土壌上に白色又は間色等の反射作用を備えたビ
ニールシート等の遮蔽部材を延展し、この遮蔽部材の上
に前記育苗用の箱形容器を一列状に連設する０通常遮蔽
部材の上には一列状の■画用の箱形容器を並設するよう
にして、二連状の敵となす。この連設状の箱形容器の長
手方向でかつ幅方向の中央部に、しかもこの箱形容器の
上面に近接又は上面の切欠部に水供給用又はｉ夜把供給
用のバイブを設け、そのノズルをパイプの長手方向と同
方向に間口することにより、ここに定植用の連続隔離床
が構成される。この場合パイプの両側に育苗中の栽培植
物の芽が位置するようになす。It is also possible to centrally manage box-shaped containers for raising seedlings.
In this case, as described above, a large number of box-shaped containers for raising seedlings are prepared. After creating a large number of box-shaped containers for raising seedlings in this manner, they are centrally placed in a greenhouse or in an open field cultivation area for centralized management. This allows for effective use of greenhouses and streamlines cultivation operations. After the cultivated plants are grown to a predetermined size, they are transferred to the greenhouse, and as mentioned above, a white or intercolored color is placed on the soil in the area corresponding to the ridges in the greenhouse. A shielding member such as a reflective vinyl sheet is spread out, and the box-shaped containers for raising seedlings are arranged in a row on top of the shielding member. Arrange box-shaped containers side by side to create two consecutive enemies. A vibrator for supplying water or water is provided in the center of the continuous box-shaped containers in the longitudinal direction and width direction, and also in the vicinity of the top surface of the box-shaped containers or in the notch on the top surface. By opening the nozzle in the same direction as the length of the pipe, a continuous isolated bed for planting is created here. In this case, the buds of the cultivated plants being raised are placed on both sides of the pipe.
それ以後は、前述の栽培方法と同様な所作を繰り返して
収穫するものである。After that, harvesting is done by repeating the same steps as in the cultivation method described above.
「実施例」
次に本考案の一実施例を図面に基づいて具体的に説明す
ると、 ｌは上面間口１゛て小形箱状をなす箱形容器で
、この−４５１では保温性、軽量化、コスト面等の見地
より発泡樹脂で構成されており、その寸法は、長さが５
０〜８０ｃ＋＊、幅が２０〜３０ ｃｖｎ、ｒｌさが１
２〜１７１（内の深さが１０〜１５ｃｍ）程度が、取り
扱い、保管上において簡便であるが、この寸法または材
質は一例であり、この例に限定されないことは勿論であ
る。尚この箱形容器ｌの底部２には透孔３が数個開設さ
れている。``Example'' Next, an example of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings. 1 is a box-shaped container with a top opening of 1" and a small box shape. This -451 has heat retention, light weight, It is made of foamed resin from the viewpoint of cost, etc., and its dimensions are 5 mm in length.
0-80c+*, width 20-30 cvn, rl 1
2 to 171 cm (withinner depth of 10 to 15 cm) is convenient for handling and storage, but these dimensions and materials are merely examples, and of course are not limited to this example. Incidentally, several through holes 3 are formed in the bottom part 2 of this box-shaped container l.
この透孔３を介して主に余剰分の水又は液肥を箱形容器
１外に排出する。また箱形容器１の他の例としては、プ
ラスチック容器（通常プランタ−と称されている。）、
陶器、場合により木製でも可である。Mainly surplus water or liquid fertilizer is discharged out of the box-shaped container 1 through the through hole 3. Other examples of the box-shaped container 1 include a plastic container (usually called a planter),
It can be made of ceramic or, in some cases, of wood.
このように構成された多数個の箱形容器１にはブレンド
された栽培土壌４が充填され１、通常１２Ｑの栽培土壌
４が充填される。そして、この栽培土壌４は原則として
一作単位で使用され、その後廃棄処分される。A large number of box-shaped containers 1 configured in this manner are filled with blended cultivation soil 4, and usually 12Q of cultivation soil 4 is filled therein. In principle, this cultivation soil 4 is used for each crop and then disposed of.
つづいてこの多数個の箱形容器ｌの栽培土壌４に栽培植
物Ａのさし穂又は種蒔等を二条植えとじ一条は六株とな
すことにより、ここに十二株が植えられた育苗用の箱形
容器１が多数個作成される。このようにして、育苗用の
箱形容器１を多数個作成した後は、ハウス５内の畝６に
相当する部分の土壌上に白色又は間色等の反射作用を備
えたビニールシート等の遮蔽部材７を延展し、この遮ｉ
ｌｉ祁材７の上に前記育苗用の箱形容器ｌを一列状に連
設する。通常遮蔽部材７の上には、第２図のように一列
状の育苗用の箱形容器１を並設するようにして、二連状
の１６となす。この連設状の箱形容器１の長手方向でか
つ幅方向の中央部に、しかもこの＄ｉＩ杉容器ｌの上面
に近接又は上面の切欠部に水供給用又は液肥供給用のバ
イブ８を設け、そのノズル（図示せず）をパイプ８の長
手方向と同方向に開口させ、育苗中等の栽培植物へに均
一に水又は液肥が供給されるようすると、ここに定植用
の連続Ｖ４離床Ｂが構成される。この場合バイブ８の両
側に育苗中の栽培ＩＩｉ物への芽が位置するようになす
ことがよい、尚その他の例としては、第４図に示すよう
な栽培方法も可能であり、具体的には前述の如く、十二
株が植えられた育苗用の箱形容器ｌが多数個作成した後
、ハウス５内の畝６に相当する部分の土壌上に白色又は
間色等の反射作用を備えたビニールシート等の遮蔽部材
７を延展し、この、ｌ！蔽部材７の上に前記育苗用の箱
形容器ｌを、その長手方向を隣接（僅かの間隔を設ける
ことも可、以下間し）するように、いわゆる枕木のよう
な状帖（単に枕木状とする。）に−列状に連設する。通
常）！！蔽部材７の上には、−列状の育苗用の箱形容器
１の畝６となす。この連設状の箱形容器１の幅方向でか
つ長手方向に適宜間隔を置いて、しかもこの箱形容器ｌ
の上面に近接又は上面の切欠部に水供給用又は液肥供給
用の二本のバイブ８を設け、そのノズル（図示せず）を
二本のバイブ８の幅方向と同方向に開口させ、育苗中等
の栽培植物Ａに均一ζこ水又は１夜肥が供給されるよう
すると、ここに定植用の連続隔離床Ｂ゛が構成される。Next, two rows of cuttings or seeds of the cultivated plant A are planted in the cultivation soil 4 of the large number of box-shaped containers L, so that each row has six plants, so that 12 plants are planted here for seedling raising. A large number of box-shaped containers 1 are created. After creating a large number of box-shaped containers 1 for raising seedlings in this way, cover the soil in the part corresponding to the ridges 6 in the house 5 with a vinyl sheet or the like with a reflective effect such as white or medium color. Extend the member 7 and
The box-shaped containers 1 for raising seedlings are arranged in a row on the li-covering material 7. Normally, on the shielding member 7, as shown in FIG. 2, a row of box-shaped containers 1 for raising seedlings are arranged side by side to form two rows of containers 16. A vibrator 8 for supplying water or liquid fertilizer is provided in the longitudinal and widthwise center of the continuous box-shaped containers 1, and in the vicinity of the top surface of the $iI cedar container 1 or in a notch on the top surface. , the nozzle (not shown) is opened in the same direction as the longitudinal direction of the pipe 8, so that water or liquid fertilizer is uniformly supplied to cultivated plants such as seedlings, then a continuous V4 separated bed B for planting is created here. configured. In this case, it is preferable to position the buds of the cultivated plants that are being raised on both sides of the vibrator 8. As another example, the cultivation method shown in Fig. 4 is also possible, and the specific method is as follows. As mentioned above, after creating a large number of box-shaped containers for raising seedlings in which twelve plants are planted, the soil in the area corresponding to the ridges 6 in the house 5 is coated with a reflective effect such as white or medium color. This l! The box-shaped container l for raising seedlings is placed on top of the shielding member 7 in a so-called sleeper-like shape (simply a sleeper-like shape) so that the box-shaped container l for raising seedlings is adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction (it is also possible to provide a slight interval, hereinafter referred to as "interval"). ) in a row. usually)! ! On top of the shielding member 7 are ridges 6 of a box-shaped container 1 for raising seedlings arranged in rows. At appropriate intervals in the width direction and longitudinal direction of this series of box-shaped containers 1,
Two vibrators 8 for water supply or liquid fertilizer supply are provided near the top surface or in a notch on the top surface, and their nozzles (not shown) are opened in the same direction as the width direction of the two vibrators 8 to raise seedlings. When medium-sized cultivated plants A are supplied with uniform water or overnight manure, a continuous isolation bed B for planting is constructed here.
この場合二本のバイブ８の両側に育苗中の栽培ｌｆ物へ
の芽が位置するようになすことがよい。In this case, it is preferable that the buds of the cultivated plants being raised are located on both sides of the two vibrators 8.
以上のような構成された定植用の連続Ｆｉｌ。Continuous Fil for planting configured as above.
ｒｆ、Ｂにおいて、時間の経過とか、栽培土壌４の乾燥
状況等を考１して、タンク９内に貯留されている液肥又
は水道水をポンプ１０を介してポンプアップし、配管８
ａを経由してバイブ８に給送し、バイブ８のノズルより
栽培土＋１４の上面に拡散又は噴霧する等して供給する
が、この場合バイブ８が箱形容器１の上面に近接されて
いることから、栽培土壌４に有効に供給されることと、
開花した花、つぼみ等に水、液肥等がかかることがない
ので、花、つぼみの変色、変質等を防止でき美しい花、
つぼみ、葉を有する植物を収穫、提供できること。また
供給された水、液肥の余剰分は箱形容器４の底部２に設
けた透孔３より遮蔽部材７の上に流出され、その後土壌
中に浸透していく。このような給水または給液等の過程
を繰り返し栽培植ｍＡを定植かつ栽培していくとともに
、摘心、整枝等の所作を縁り返していき、所定の時期と
か、花の開花状況を勘案して収穫されるものである。At rf, B, taking into consideration the passage of time, the drying condition of the cultivation soil 4, etc., the liquid fertilizer or tap water stored in the tank 9 is pumped up via the pump 10, and the pipe 8 is pumped up.
It is fed to the vibrator 8 via a, and is supplied by spreading or spraying it onto the top surface of the cultivation soil +14 from the nozzle of the vibrator 8. In this case, the vibrator 8 is brought close to the top surface of the box-shaped container 1. Therefore, it is effectively supplied to the cultivation soil 4,
Since blooming flowers and buds are not exposed to water, liquid fertilizer, etc., discoloration and deterioration of flowers and buds can be prevented, resulting in beautiful flowers.
Being able to harvest and provide plants with buds and leaves. Further, the surplus of the supplied water and liquid fertilizer flows out onto the shielding member 7 through the through hole 3 provided in the bottom 2 of the box-shaped container 4, and then permeates into the soil. While repeating this process of watering or liquid supply, etc., to plant and cultivate the cultivated plants mA, we also repeat actions such as pruning and trimming the branches, taking into account the predetermined period and the flowering situation. It is something that is harvested.
尚育苗用の箱形容器ｌを集中管理方式とすることもでき
、この場合は、前述の如く、育苗用の箱形容器１を多数
個作成する。このようにして、育苗用の箱形容器】を多
Ｒ個作成した後は、ハウス５内又は露地栽培の場所に集
中配備し、集中管理する。これによりハウス５を有効に
利用するとともに、栽培作業の合理化を図る。そうして
、育苗中の栽培植物へが所定の大きさに成長した後に、
ハウス５内に移送するものであり、前述と同様にハウス
５内の畝６に相当する部分の土壌上に前記の遮蔽部材７
を延展し、この遮蔽部材７の上に前記育苗用の箱形容器
１を一列状に連設する。通常遮蔽部材７の上には、図示
のように一列状の育苗用の箱形容器ｌをｔＬ設するよう
にして、二連状の畝６となす、この連設状の箱形容器１
の長平方向でかつ幅方向の中央部に、しかもこの箱形容
器１の上面に近接又は上面の切欠部に水供給用又は液肥
供給用のバイブ８を設け、そのノズルをバイブ８の長手
方向と同方向に間口するようすると、ここに定植用の連
続隔離床Ｂが構成される。この場合バイブ８の両側に育
苗中の栽培植物への芽が位置するようになすことがよい
、尚この例の場合でも、前述の例と同様に箱形容器１を
棟方向に枕木状に連設する栽培方法も勿論可能である。The box-shaped containers 1 for raising seedlings can also be managed in a centralized manner, and in this case, as described above, a large number of box-shaped containers 1 for raising seedlings are created. After creating a large number of box-shaped containers for raising seedlings in this manner, they are centrally placed in the greenhouse 5 or in an open field cultivation area and centrally managed. This makes effective use of the greenhouse 5 and streamlines the cultivation work. Then, after the cultivated plants that are being raised have grown to the specified size,
The shielding member 7 is transferred into the house 5, and the shielding member 7 is placed on the soil in the part corresponding to the ridge 6 in the house 5, as described above.
is extended, and the box-shaped containers 1 for raising seedlings are arranged in a row on the shielding member 7. Normally, on the shielding member 7, as shown in the figure, a row of box-shaped containers 1 for raising seedlings are arranged, forming two rows of ridges 6.
A vibrator 8 for supplying water or liquid fertilizer is provided in the center of the box-shaped container 1 in the longitudinal direction and in the width direction, and in the vicinity of the upper surface of the box-shaped container 1 or in the notch on the upper surface. By opening in the same direction, a continuous isolation bed B for planting will be constructed here. In this case, it is preferable to position the buds of the cultivated plants that are being raised on both sides of the vibrator 8. In this example as well, the box-shaped containers 1 are connected in the direction of the ridge in a sleeper-like manner as in the previous example. It is of course possible to use other cultivation methods.
以上のような構成された定植用の連続隔離床Ｂにおいて
、それ以後は、前述の栽培方法と同様な所作を繰り返し
て収穫するものである。In the continuous isolated bed B for planting as configured above, the crops are harvested by repeating the same actions as in the above-mentioned cultivation method.
「発明の効果Ｊ
本発明は、以上詳述したように、ハウス内の棟方向に栽
培土壌を充填した箱形容器を多数連設し、この配設され
た箱形容器の長手方向に給水用等のバイブを架承し、間
欠的に給水、給液する構成で、しかも前記栽培土壌を一
作単位で入れ替える方法及び装置であるので、下記のよ
うな効果を有する。"Effect of the Invention J As described in detail above, the present invention provides a structure in which a large number of box-shaped containers filled with cultivation soil are arranged in series in the direction of the ridge in a greenhouse, and water is supplied in the longitudinal direction of the arranged box-shaped containers. This method and device has a structure in which a vibrator such as the above is supported, water is supplied intermittently, and the cultivation soil is replaced on a per-crop basis, so it has the following effects.
（１）−作事位で栽培土壌を入れ替えるので、連作障害
がなく、かつ栽培土壌の消毒を原則として要さないこと
、及び化学肥料、塩基等が過剰となることがないこと、
並びに残根がなくなりこれに纏わる種々のトラブル等の
弊害を一掃できるものである。(1) - Since the cultivation soil is replaced at each cropping stage, there is no problem with continuous cropping, and in principle there is no need to disinfect the cultivation soil, and there is no need for excessive use of chemical fertilizers, bases, etc.
In addition, it is possible to wipe out the harmful effects such as the removal of remaining roots and various troubles associated with this.
（ＩＩ）−作事１ｎで栽培土壌を入れ替えるので、栽培
土壌の均一化、均質化が確保されること、及び一定の品
質の作物が反復して栽培又は収穫できる確率が高いもの
である。(II) - Since the cultivation soil is replaced at each cropping step 1n, uniformity and homogenization of the cultivation soil are ensured, and there is a high probability that crops of a certain quality can be repeatedly cultivated or harvested.
（ｍ）集合管理方式及び／又は運搬の容易性等を利用す
ること、及び栽培土壌の消毒を要さないこと等よりして
、ハウスの遊休１間がなくなり極めて効率的である。(m) By utilizing the collective management system and/or ease of transportation, and by not requiring disinfection of the cultivation soil, it is extremely efficient as there is no idle time in the greenhouse.
（ｒＶ）箱形容器であるので、容易に運搬ができ、 し
かも女子や力のない人でもその取り扱いができるもので
ある。(rV) Since it is a box-shaped container, it can be easily transported and even women and people without physical strength can handle it.
（Ｖ）施肥の調整が容易で、かつその節約ができる。(V) Fertilization can be easily adjusted and saved.
（Ｖｌ）ロックウール等に比較して、その後処理が容易
であり、公言等の心配が皆憲である。(Vl) Compared to rock wool, etc., it is easier to process afterwards, and there is no need to worry about public statements.
（■）−作事位で栽培土壌を入れ替えるので、原則とし
て消毒消毒を必要とせず、薬代の節約とかその消毒作業
を要さずＦ！ｌ （！！であること、尚仮に病原菌、病
害虫等の発生の場合、消毒に際しても箱形容器単位でよ
いので、消毒作業の容易化、コストの低減に大いに役立
つ処である。(■) - Since the cultivation soil is replaced at each cropping point, there is no need for disinfection in principle, which saves on medicine costs and eliminates the need for disinfection work.F! (!!) Furthermore, in the event of an outbreak of pathogenic bacteria, pests, etc., each box-shaped container can be used for disinfection, which greatly helps in facilitating the disinfection work and reducing costs.
図面は本発明の一実施例を示すものであり、第１図は箱
形容器の斜視図、第２図は栽培方法に使用する装置の一
例を示す要部の斜視図、８３図はハウス内の状態を示し
た平面模式図、第４図はその他の栽培方法によるハウス
内の状肚を示した平面模式図である。
１： ｕ形容器 ２： 底部
３： 透孔 ４： 栽培土壌５： ハウス
６： 畝
７； 遮蔽部材 ８： バイブ
９： タンク １０： ポンプＡ： 栽培植
物 Ｂ、Ｂ’： 連続隔離床特許出願人
・度 辺 朗 昭 ；、−、、）、’； ”！
代理人 弁理士 竹 中 −π □′７′：１
Ｊｌ−ローThe drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a box-shaped container, Fig. 2 is a perspective view of essential parts showing an example of an apparatus used in the cultivation method, and Fig. 83 is a perspective view of the inside of the greenhouse. FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view showing the state of the greenhouse, and FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view showing the state inside the greenhouse according to another cultivation method. 1: U-shaped container 2: Bottom 3: Through hole 4: Cultivation soil 5: House
6: Ridge 7; Shielding member 8: Vibrator 9: Tank 10: Pump A: Cultivated plants B, B': Continuous isolation bed patent applicant
・Akiaki Tobe ;, -,,),'; ”!
Agent Patent attorney Takenaka −π □′7′:1
Jl-low
Claims (4)
箱形容器は、有底形状でその底部には透孔が開設され、
しかもその上面は開口とされている。このような箱形容
器に先ず一作単位で入れ替えられる栽培土壌を充填した
後、さし穂、種蒔等して育苗をし、ハウス内の棟方向に
連設的に多数個の箱形容器を定置させ連続隔離床を形成
する。この連続隔離床の長手方向に給水用又は給液用の
パイプを配備して定植用の連続隔離床が形成される。こ
のような定植用の連続隔離床をハウス内の棟方向に多数
並設する。その後水又は液肥を繰り返して育植していき
、その過程で摘心、整枝等の所作をなした後に開花させ
、所定の時期に採花、収穫するように構成した箱形容器
による植物栽培方法。(1) A large number of small box-shaped containers arranged in a row in the direction of the ridge inside the house are bottomed and have a through hole in the bottom.
Moreover, the top surface is an opening. These box-shaped containers are first filled with cultivation soil that can be replaced on a per-crop basis, and then seedlings are raised by cuttings, seeds, etc., and a large number of box-shaped containers are placed in series in the direction of the ridge within the greenhouse. to form a continuous isolation bed. A continuous isolation bed for planting is formed by providing pipes for water supply or liquid supply in the longitudinal direction of this continuous isolation bed. A large number of such continuous isolated beds for planting are installed in parallel in the direction of the ridge within the greenhouse. A method for cultivating plants using a box-shaped container configured to then repeatedly apply water or liquid fertilizer to grow the plants, perform actions such as pruning and trimming during the process, and then bloom, and collect and harvest the flowers at a predetermined time.
箱形容器は、有底形状でその底部には透孔が開設され、
しかもその上面は開口とされている。このような箱形容
器に先ず一作単位で入れ替えられる栽培土壌を充填した
後、さし穂、種蒔等して育苗をし、この育苗後、ハウス
内等を有効に利用するために集合的に配設する。その後
植物が所定の大きさに生育した段階で、この箱形容器を
ハウス内の棟方向に連設的に多数個定置させ連続隔離床
を形成する。この連続隔離床の長手方向に給水用又は給
液用のパイプを配備し定植用の連続隔離床が形成される
。このような定植用の連続隔離床をハウス内の棟方向に
多数並設する。 その後水又は液肥を繰り返して育植していき、その過程
で摘心、整枝等の所作をなした後に開花させ、所定の時
期に採花、収穫するように構成した箱形容器による植物
栽培方法。(2) A large number of small box-shaped containers arranged in a row in the direction of the ridge inside the house are bottomed and have a through hole in the bottom.
Moreover, the top surface is an opening. These box-shaped containers are first filled with cultivation soil that can be replaced on a per-crop basis, and then seedlings are raised by cuttings, sowing seeds, etc. After raising the seedlings, they are distributed collectively to make effective use of the inside of the greenhouse. Set up Thereafter, when the plants have grown to a predetermined size, a large number of these box-shaped containers are placed in series in the direction of the ridge within the greenhouse to form a continuous isolation bed. A continuous isolation bed for planting is formed by providing pipes for water supply or liquid supply in the longitudinal direction of this continuous isolation bed. A large number of such continuous isolated beds for planting are installed in parallel in the direction of the ridge within the greenhouse. A method for cultivating plants using a box-shaped container configured to then repeatedly apply water or liquid fertilizer to grow the plants, perform actions such as pruning and trimming during the process, and then bloom, and collect and harvest the flowers at a predetermined time.
手方向で、かつその幅方向の略中央部に配備して定植用
の連続隔離床が形成された特許請求の範囲第１項又は第
２項記載の箱形容器による植物栽培方法。(3) Claim 1, wherein the water supply or liquid supply pipe is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the continuous isolation bed and approximately at the center in the width direction of the continuous isolation bed to form a continuous isolation bed for planting. Or the method for cultivating plants using a box-shaped container according to item 2.
その上面は開口とされている小箱状の箱形容器で、この
箱形容器には一作単位で入れ替えられる栽培土壌が充填
される。この栽培土壌が充填された箱形容器はハウス内
の棟方向に連設的に多数個配設し、連続隔離床が構成さ
れる。この連続隔離床を構成する各箱形容器は他の箱形
容器及びハウス内の土壌より完全に隔離されており、か
つこの連続隔離床の長手方向には給水用又は給液用のパ
イプが配備されている構成の箱形容器による植物栽培装
置。(4) A small box-shaped container with a bottom and a through hole at the bottom and an opening at the top. This box-shaped container is filled with cultivation soil that can be replaced for each crop. be done. A large number of box-shaped containers filled with this cultivation soil are arranged in a row in the direction of the ridge within the greenhouse, forming a continuous isolation bed. Each box-shaped container that makes up this continuous isolation bed is completely isolated from other box-shaped containers and the soil in the house, and pipes for water supply or liquid supply are installed in the longitudinal direction of this continuous isolation bed. A plant cultivation device using a box-shaped container with the following configuration.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6393688A JPH01235523A (en) | 1988-03-17 | 1988-03-17 | Plant growth using box-shaped container and system therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6393688A JPH01235523A (en) | 1988-03-17 | 1988-03-17 | Plant growth using box-shaped container and system therefor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01235523A true JPH01235523A (en) | 1989-09-20 |
Family
ID=13243733
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6393688A Pending JPH01235523A (en) | 1988-03-17 | 1988-03-17 | Plant growth using box-shaped container and system therefor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01235523A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012060982A (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2012-03-29 | Japan Research Institute Ltd | Method for cultivating tomato |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4815906B1 (en) * | 1968-10-23 | 1973-05-18 | ||
| JPS518942B2 (en) * | 1972-07-28 | 1976-03-22 | ||
| JPS5214149B2 (en) * | 1973-06-18 | 1977-04-19 | ||
| JPS5894322A (en) * | 1981-12-01 | 1983-06-04 | 宇部興産株式会社 | Growing of strawberry seedling |
| JPS6214725A (en) * | 1985-07-15 | 1987-01-23 | 廣瀬 重春 | Crop culture container and water feeder |
-
1988
- 1988-03-17 JP JP6393688A patent/JPH01235523A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4815906B1 (en) * | 1968-10-23 | 1973-05-18 | ||
| JPS518942B2 (en) * | 1972-07-28 | 1976-03-22 | ||
| JPS5214149B2 (en) * | 1973-06-18 | 1977-04-19 | ||
| JPS5894322A (en) * | 1981-12-01 | 1983-06-04 | 宇部興産株式会社 | Growing of strawberry seedling |
| JPS6214725A (en) * | 1985-07-15 | 1987-01-23 | 廣瀬 重春 | Crop culture container and water feeder |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012060982A (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2012-03-29 | Japan Research Institute Ltd | Method for cultivating tomato |
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