JPH0119142B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0119142B2 JPH0119142B2 JP55065431A JP6543180A JPH0119142B2 JP H0119142 B2 JPH0119142 B2 JP H0119142B2 JP 55065431 A JP55065431 A JP 55065431A JP 6543180 A JP6543180 A JP 6543180A JP H0119142 B2 JPH0119142 B2 JP H0119142B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- toner
- carbon black
- resin
- active hydrogen
- amount
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- YXHKONLOYHBTNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diazomethane Chemical compound C=[N+]=[N-] YXHKONLOYHBTNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000872198 Serjania polyphylla Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000519995 Stachys sylvatica Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 polycyclic aromatic carbon compound Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-azaniumyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021612 Silver iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QXJJQWWVWRCVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;sodium;phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QXJJQWWVWRCVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Cl IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940045105 silver iodide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YNJSNEKCXVFDKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(5-amino-1h-indol-3-yl)-2-azaniumylpropanoate Chemical compound C1=C(N)C=C2C(CC(N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 YNJSNEKCXVFDKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940071870 hydroiodic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000686 lactone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- CTRLRINCMYICJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl azide Chemical compound [N-]=[N+]=NC1=CC=CC=C1 CTRLRINCMYICJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005051 trimethylchlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/09—Colouring agents for toner particles
- G03G9/0902—Inorganic compounds
- G03G9/0904—Carbon black
Description
本発明は電子写真法あるいは静電記録法などに
おいて電気的潜像を現像するための正帯電性トナ
ーに関する。
従来、静電潜像を粉末トナーで現像する方法と
しては、トナー粉末を磁性鉄粉と混合し、これを
磁石に保持させ、ブラシ状になつた前記混合物を
静電潜像上で摺動させて現像する磁気ブラシ法
や、トナー粉末をガラス球等のキヤリヤーと混合
してキヤリヤー表面に付着させ、これを静電潜像
上に散布して現像するカスケード法が公知であ
る。これらの現像法はいずれもトナーを磁性鉄粉
またはガラス球と混合することにより、トナーを
摩擦帯電させ、静電潜像に主としてクーロンカに
より付着せしめて現像するものである。即ち、ト
ナーはその極性が静電潜像の極性と異なる場合に
は電荷のある静電潜像部に付着し、同じ場合には
電荷のない非静電潜像部に付着することにより現
像が行われる。
マグネツトブラシ法またはカスケード法に使用
されるキヤリヤーとしては、一般には前述の鉄
粉、ガラス球のほか、これらに樹脂の薄膜を施し
たものが用いられている。前述のようにトナー
は、これらのキヤリヤーと混合摩擦することによ
り帯電するが、その帯電極性はトナーを構成する
着色剤および樹脂によつて大きく左右されるもの
である。樹脂は極性を制御する目的のほか、トナ
ー粒子を定着させる目的も有し、また樹脂によつ
てトナーの着色性あるいは保存安定性等も変化す
るので帯電極性の制御性を満足させ、かつ定着性
その他の諸特性をも満足させる樹脂を選択するこ
とは容易なことではなかつた。しかも被定着物、
定着装置等が異なれば、要求されるトナーの条件
も異なるので、最適のトナーを選択することは非
常に困難であつた。
本発明は、上記の欠点を改善したもので多数枚
の連続した複写に際しても正に帯電した制御され
た、安定した静電写真用トナーを提供するもので
ある。
即ち、本発明は着色剤と樹脂とから少なくとも
なる静電写真用トナーにおいて、着色剤として表
面の活性水素含有量が０〜10.0×10-5mol/gのカ
ーボンブラツクを使用するものである。
カーボンブラツクは、一般的には圧縮された多
環式芳香族系炭素化合物ともみられる炭素原子の
六角網状に配列した層平面が３〜５層ほぼ等間隔
に平行に積み重なつている。表面附近では結晶子
が平行に配列し、内部では方向が不規則である。
この表面の結晶子の端には、カルボキシル基、ヒ
ドロキシル基、カルボニル基、ラクトン基などの
官能基が少量存在している。一般的に、カーボン
ブラツクの諸特性はこれらの官能基の量に影響さ
れる。本発明者らはトナー用のカーボンブラツク
に関する一連の研究の中でカーボンブラツクの帯
電性が表面官能基中に存在する活性水素により支
配され、正帯電トナーには活性水素量が０〜10.0
×10-5mol/ｇのカーボンブラツクを用いると良
いことを見出したものである。
カーボンブラツク表面の活性水素量の測定は、
以下の如く行われる。即ち、カーボンブラツクに
ジアゾメタンのジエチルエーテル溶液を滴下させ
ることによりカーボンブラツク上の活性水素（ヒ
ドロキシル基とカルボキシル基の水素）は全てメ
チル基に交換される。この処理をしたカーボンブ
ラツクに比重1.7のヨウ化水素酸を加え、加熱す
るとメチル基はヨ化メチルとなり気化する。この
ヨウ化メチルの気体を硝酸銀溶液でトラツプする
とヨウ化メチルがヨウ化銀となり沈澱する。この
ヨウ化銀の重量より、元のメチル基の量即ち活性
水素の量を測定することができる。この方法によ
り種々のカーボンブラツクについて測定した表面
活性水素量と鉄粉との摩擦帯電性との関係を調べ
たところ、活性水素量が０に近づくほどに一般に
正帯電性が大きくなり、活性水素量が多くなると
負帯電性となり、かつ活性水素量の多少に応じ
て、またカーボンブラツクの種類によつてもその
帯電量は変化するが、平均して15.0×10-5〜17.0
×10-5mol/ｇで帯電性が０に近ずく。従つてト
ナーの目的に応じたカーボンブラツクを選択する
ことができる。また、表面活性水素の量は化学的
処理により人為的に変化させることができる。
カーボンブラツクの活性水素を増加させる方法
としては、重クロム酸カリ、過安息香酸、過マン
ガン酸カリ、水素化リチウムアルミニウム、ホウ
素化水素ナトリウム、フエニルアジド、アニリン
などで処理する。また減少させるには、ジアゾメ
タン、トリメチルクロロシラン、ジメチル硫酸な
どで処理する方法がある。このような方法で処理
して、トナーの目的に応じたカーボンブラツクを
使用することにより、トナーの帯電量を安定化で
き、トナーに用いる樹脂に対する分散性、分散安
定性を向上することができ、また反対電荷を有す
るトナー部分が減少するので画質、とくに黒ベタ
部の白斑（白ヌケ）がなくなり、合せて記録濃度
を増加することができる。
また、本発明のトナー用樹脂としては、従来ト
ナーに用いられるほとんど全ての樹脂が使用で
き、例えばポリスチレン、ポリエステル、ポリア
ミド、ポリエチレン、エチレン―塩化ビニル共重
合体、エチレン―酢酸ビニル共重体、マレイン酸
樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、キシレン
樹脂、クマロン樹脂、ケトン樹脂、石油樹脂、フ
エノール樹脂、ロジン、テルペン樹脂などが挙げ
られる。
以上の材料の他に、本発明のトナーには必要に
応じて、染料や各種の助剤、添加剤を加えること
ができる。
本発明のトナーを作るには、従来の方法と同様
に、樹脂、カーボンブラツク、染料および必要あ
れば助剤を混合して、熱ロールを有する混練機中
で充分混練した後、粉砕し、５〜25μ程度に分級
すればよい。
以下、実施例にて本発明を具体的に説明する。
実施例 １
ビスフエノールＡ型汎用エポキシ樹脂（エピコ
ート1004、シエル石油社製）100重量部、ニグロ
シン系染料３重量部およびジアゾメタン処理によ
り表面活性水素量を0.1×10-5mol/ｇとしたカー
ボンブラツク10重量部の混合物を熱混練した後冷
却し、ハンマーミルで粗粉し、さらにジエツトミ
ルで微粉化後分級して５〜25μの粒径分布をもつ
たトナーを作製した。
比較例 １
クロム酸々化処理により表面活性水素量を20.1
×10-5mol/ｇとしたカーボンブラツク10重量部
を用いる他は実施例１と同様にしてトナーを作製
した。
比較例 ２
表面活性水素量12.7×10-5mol/ｇの未処理カー
ボンブラツク10重量部を用いる以外は実施例１と
同様にしてトナーを作製した。
上記で得られたトナー５重量部を、鉄粉（日本
鉄粉社製TEFV200／300）100重量部に混合した
ものを用いて、感光媒体として酸化亜鉛を用いる
乾式PPC複写機により記録を行ない、その特性
を比較したところ下表のような結果を得た。
The present invention relates to a positively charged toner for developing an electrical latent image in electrophotography or electrostatic recording. Conventionally, the method for developing an electrostatic latent image with powdered toner is to mix toner powder with magnetic iron powder, hold this with a magnet, and slide the brush-shaped mixture on the electrostatic latent image. The magnetic brush method, in which toner powder is mixed with a carrier such as a glass bulb, is deposited on the surface of the carrier, and the cascade method, in which the toner powder is spread on the electrostatic latent image for development, is well known. In all of these developing methods, the toner is mixed with magnetic iron powder or glass spheres, the toner is triboelectrically charged, and the toner is adhered to the electrostatic latent image mainly by Coulombic acid, thereby developing the toner. That is, if the polarity of the toner is different from that of the electrostatic latent image, the toner will adhere to the charged electrostatic latent image area, and if the toner is the same, it will adhere to the uncharged non-electrostatic latent image area, thereby preventing development. It will be done. The carrier used in the magnetic brush method or the cascade method generally includes the above-mentioned iron powder and glass spheres, as well as those coated with a thin resin film. As mentioned above, toner is charged by mixing and friction with these carriers, but the charging polarity is greatly influenced by the colorant and resin that constitute the toner. In addition to controlling polarity, the resin also has the purpose of fixing toner particles, and the coloring properties and storage stability of the toner change depending on the resin, so it satisfies the controllability of charge polarity and fixes the toner particles. It was not easy to select a resin that also satisfied other properties. Moreover, the object to be fixed,
Since different fixing devices require different toner conditions, it has been extremely difficult to select the most suitable toner. The present invention improves the above-mentioned drawbacks and provides a controlled and stable electrostatic photographic toner that is positively charged even during continuous copying of a large number of sheets. That is, the present invention is an electrostatic photographic toner comprising at least a colorant and a resin, in which carbon black having a surface active hydrogen content of 0 to 10.0×10 -5 mol/g is used as the colorant. Carbon black is generally considered to be a compressed polycyclic aromatic carbon compound, and has 3 to 5 layers of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal network stacked in parallel at approximately equal intervals. Near the surface, the crystallites are arranged in parallel, but inside the crystallites are irregularly oriented.
A small amount of functional groups such as carboxyl groups, hydroxyl groups, carbonyl groups, and lactone groups are present at the edges of the crystallites on the surface. Generally, the properties of carbon black are influenced by the amount of these functional groups. The present inventors have conducted a series of studies on carbon black for toners, and found that the chargeability of carbon black is dominated by active hydrogen present in the surface functional groups, and positively charged toner has an active hydrogen amount of 0 to 10.0.
It was found that using carbon black with a concentration of ×10 -5 mol/g is effective. To measure the amount of active hydrogen on the surface of carbon black,
This is done as follows. That is, by dropping a diethyl ether solution of diazomethane onto the carbon black, all active hydrogens (hydrogens of hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups) on the carbon black are exchanged with methyl groups. When hydroiodic acid with a specific gravity of 1.7 is added to this treated carbon black and heated, the methyl groups become methyl iodide and vaporize. When this methyl iodide gas is trapped in a silver nitrate solution, the methyl iodide turns into silver iodide and precipitates. From the weight of this silver iodide, the amount of original methyl groups, ie, the amount of active hydrogen, can be measured. When we investigated the relationship between the amount of surface active hydrogen measured for various carbon blacks using this method and the triboelectricity with iron powder, we found that the closer the amount of active hydrogen was to 0, the more positive the chargeability became. As the carbon black increases, it becomes negatively charged, and the amount of charge varies depending on the amount of active hydrogen and the type of carbon black, but on average it is 15.0 × 10 -5 ~ 17.0
The chargeability approaches 0 at ×10 -5 mol/g. Therefore, carbon black can be selected depending on the purpose of the toner. Moreover, the amount of surface active hydrogen can be artificially changed by chemical treatment. As a method for increasing active hydrogen in carbon black, it is treated with potassium dichromate, perbenzoic acid, potassium permanganate, lithium aluminum hydride, sodium borohydride, phenyl azide, aniline, and the like. To reduce it, there is a method of treatment with diazomethane, trimethylchlorosilane, dimethyl sulfate, etc. By processing in this way and using carbon black according to the purpose of the toner, the amount of charge of the toner can be stabilized, and the dispersibility and dispersion stability in the resin used in the toner can be improved. Furthermore, since the toner portion having the opposite charge is reduced, the image quality is improved, especially white spots (white spots) in solid black areas are eliminated, and the recording density can be increased. Furthermore, almost all resins conventionally used in toners can be used as the toner resin of the present invention, such as polystyrene, polyester, polyamide, polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl chloride copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, maleic acid Examples include resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, xylene resin, coumaron resin, ketone resin, petroleum resin, phenol resin, rosin, and terpene resin. In addition to the above-mentioned materials, dyes and various auxiliary agents and additives can be added to the toner of the present invention, if necessary. To make the toner of the present invention, as in the conventional method, resin, carbon black, dye and, if necessary, auxiliary agents are mixed, thoroughly kneaded in a kneader with heated rolls, and then pulverized. It is sufficient to classify it into about 25μ. Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to Examples. Example 1 Carbon black treated with 100 parts by weight of bisphenol A general-purpose epoxy resin (Epicote 1004, manufactured by Shell Oil Co., Ltd.), 3 parts by weight of nigrosine dye, and diazomethane treatment to have a surface active hydrogen content of 0.1×10 -5 mol/g. 10 parts by weight of the mixture was heat-kneaded, cooled, coarsely powdered using a hammer mill, further finely powdered using a jet mill, and then classified to produce a toner having a particle size distribution of 5 to 25 μm. Comparative example 1 The amount of surface active hydrogen was reduced to 20.1 by chromium acidification treatment.
A toner was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 10 parts by weight of carbon black with a concentration of x10 -5 mol/g was used. Comparative Example 2 A toner was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 10 parts by weight of untreated carbon black with a surface active hydrogen content of 12.7×10 -5 mol/g was used. Using a mixture of 5 parts by weight of the toner obtained above and 100 parts by weight of iron powder (TEFV200/300 manufactured by Nippon Tetsuko Co., Ltd.), recording was performed using a dry PPC copying machine using zinc oxide as a photosensitive medium. When we compared their characteristics, we obtained the results shown in the table below.
【表】
表中、画像特性および分散安定性は、
○…非常に良好 △…良好
×…不良 ××…非常に不良
で評価した。
表に示した如く、化学処理して表面活性水素量
を少なくしたカーボンブラツクを用いたトナーは
画像特性、および分散性が非常に良好であつた。
又、該実施例１のトナーの摩擦帯電量をブローオ
フ帯電量測定装置により測定したところ、コピー
の開始時においては15μc/ｇであり、5000枚の連
続コピー後においても13μc/ｇであつて連続した
コピーの過程でもほぼ安定した正帯電性を示し
た。未処理のカーボンブラツクは黒ベタ部の濃度
が不良であり、さらに化学処理して表面活性水素
量を増加させたカーボンブラツクを用いたトナー
は白斑が出、また、カーボンの分散性も非常に悪
いものであつた。[Table] In the table, the image characteristics and dispersion stability were evaluated as: ○...Very good △...Good ×...Poor XX...Very poor. As shown in the table, the toner using carbon black which had been chemically treated to reduce the amount of surface active hydrogen had very good image characteristics and dispersibility.
Further, when the frictional charge amount of the toner of Example 1 was measured using a blow-off charge amount measuring device, it was 15 μc/g at the start of copying, and 13 μc/g even after 5000 sheets were continuously copied. Even during the copying process, it exhibited almost stable positive chargeability. Untreated carbon black has poor density in solid black areas, and toner using carbon black that has been chemically treated to increase the amount of surface active hydrogen has white spots and also has very poor carbon dispersibility. It was hot.
Claims (1)
用トナーにおいて、前記着色剤として表面の活性
水素含有量が０〜10.0×10-5mol/ｇのカーボンブ
ラツクを使用したことを特徴とする正帯電性静電
写真用トナー。1. A positively charged electrostatic photographic toner comprising at least a colorant and a resin, characterized in that carbon black having a surface active hydrogen content of 0 to 10.0×10 -5 mol/g is used as the colorant. Toner for electrostatic photography.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6543180A JPS56162753A (en) | 1980-05-19 | 1980-05-19 | Electrophotographic toner |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6543180A JPS56162753A (en) | 1980-05-19 | 1980-05-19 | Electrophotographic toner |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS56162753A JPS56162753A (en) | 1981-12-14 |
| JPH0119142B2 true JPH0119142B2 (en) | 1989-04-10 |
Family
ID=13286897
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6543180A Granted JPS56162753A (en) | 1980-05-19 | 1980-05-19 | Electrophotographic toner |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS56162753A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0820750B2 (en) * | 1990-06-15 | 1996-03-04 | 株式会社巴川製紙所 | Dry two-component developer for electrophotography |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4934157A (en) * | 1972-08-01 | 1974-03-29 | ||
| JPS505052A (en) * | 1973-04-12 | 1975-01-20 | ||
| JPS5080137A (en) * | 1973-11-02 | 1975-06-30 | ||
| JPS5136947A (en) * | 1974-09-25 | 1976-03-29 | Ricoh Kk | |
| JPS5277732A (en) * | 1975-12-24 | 1977-06-30 | Nippon Paint Co Ltd | Toner for electrophotographic development |
| JPS5357842A (en) * | 1976-11-05 | 1978-05-25 | Dainippon Ink & Chemicals | Powder toner for electrophotography |
-
1980
- 1980-05-19 JP JP6543180A patent/JPS56162753A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4934157A (en) * | 1972-08-01 | 1974-03-29 | ||
| JPS505052A (en) * | 1973-04-12 | 1975-01-20 | ||
| JPS5080137A (en) * | 1973-11-02 | 1975-06-30 | ||
| JPS5136947A (en) * | 1974-09-25 | 1976-03-29 | Ricoh Kk | |
| JPS5277732A (en) * | 1975-12-24 | 1977-06-30 | Nippon Paint Co Ltd | Toner for electrophotographic development |
| JPS5357842A (en) * | 1976-11-05 | 1978-05-25 | Dainippon Ink & Chemicals | Powder toner for electrophotography |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS56162753A (en) | 1981-12-14 |
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