JPH01182801A - Optical filter consisting of metal vapor cell - Google Patents
Optical filter consisting of metal vapor cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01182801A JPH01182801A JP469388A JP469388A JPH01182801A JP H01182801 A JPH01182801 A JP H01182801A JP 469388 A JP469388 A JP 469388A JP 469388 A JP469388 A JP 469388A JP H01182801 A JPH01182801 A JP H01182801A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- polished
- metal vapor
- metal
- optical filter
- sapphire plates
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
−上の１
本発明は金属蒸気の吸光作用を利用する金属蒸気セル光
学フィルターに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION - Part 1 The present invention relates to a metal vapor cell optical filter that utilizes the light absorption effect of metal vapor.
」ＬへＬＬ
透明な容器に金属蒸気を閉じ込め、金属原子の吸光現象
を利用する光学フィルターが提案されている。例えば、
ガラスの容器に金属ナトリウムの蒸気を閉じ込める構成
の光学フィルターが試作された。"L to LL An optical filter has been proposed that confines metal vapor in a transparent container and utilizes the light absorption phenomenon of metal atoms. for example,
A prototype optical filter was created that confines metallic sodium vapor in a glass container.
が ゛しようとする
金属ナトリウムを蒸気状態に保つには、約３００℃以上
の高温に保つ必要がある。この時、ガラス容器は、所要
時間のあいだ、透明な状態を維持しなければならない。In order to keep the metallic sodium that is to be produced in a vapor state, it is necessary to keep it at a high temperature of approximately 300°C or higher. At this time, the glass container must remain transparent for the required time.
しかし、約３００℃でナトリウム蒸気に長時間晒される
と、ガラスの表面部分から結晶化が始まり、ガラスは、
くもり始める。このため、光が直進透過できなくなり、
フィルターとしての機能が損われてしまう。However, when exposed to sodium vapor at approximately 300°C for a long time, crystallization begins from the surface of the glass, and the glass becomes
It starts to get cloudy. For this reason, light cannot pass straight through,
The function as a filter will be impaired.
Ｒ」Ｊと１１
前述した問題点に鑑みて、長時間にわたって高温の金属
蒸気に晒されても良好に作動する金属蒸気セル光学フィ
ルターを提供することが、この発明の目的である。R''J and 11 In view of the aforementioned problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a metal vapor cell optical filter that operates well even when exposed to high temperature metal vapor for long periods of time.
１１匹ＬＬ
前述の目的を達成するために、この発明は請求項１に記
載の金属蒸気セル光学フィルターを要旨としている。11 LL To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention summarizes the metal vapor cell optical filter according to claim 1.
口 、を するための− 本発明では、光の透過部分に、サファイヤ板を用いる。− for mouth, In the present invention, a sapphire plate is used for the light transmitting portion.
サファイヤ板は必要により研摩される。好ましくはサフ
ァイア板の両面を互いに平行にし、かつ表面粗さ０．１
μｍ以下のいわゆるミラーポリッシュ状態にして、ガラ
ス状に透明にする。The sapphire plate is polished if necessary. Preferably, both sides of the sapphire plate are parallel to each other, and the surface roughness is 0.1.
It is made into a so-called mirror polished state with a diameter of micrometer or less, making it transparent like glass.
サファイヤは、単結晶のアルミナであり、始めから結晶
体であるので、ガラスとはもがって結晶化して変質して
、くもることがない。Sapphire is a single-crystal alumina and is a crystalline substance from the beginning, so it does not mix with glass, crystallize, change in quality, and become cloudy.
サファイヤ板は、筒状の胴体部に封着するが、熱膨張率
の差異の影響をなくすため、表面をＣ軸面に平行な面に
設定することが望ましい。The sapphire plate is sealed to the cylindrical body, but in order to eliminate the influence of differences in thermal expansion coefficients, it is desirable to set the surface parallel to the C-axis plane.
サファイヤ板は、多結晶アルミナ焼結体の筒状の胴体部
に封着される。The sapphire plate is sealed to the cylindrical body of the polycrystalline alumina sintered body.
また、例えばナトリウム蒸気フィルターとして用いる場
合には、約３００℃での耐久性が必要とされる。このた
め、封着剤は高温の金属蒸気の化学的侵蝕に耐えるもの
にするのが好ましい。３００℃におけるナトリウム等の
化学的侵蝕に対しては、アルミナ・カルシア・イツトリ
ア・ストロンチアの四成分系の封着用フリットが有効で
あることが知られている。Furthermore, when used as a sodium vapor filter, for example, durability at about 300°C is required. For this reason, it is preferable that the sealant be resistant to chemical attack by high temperature metal vapors. It is known that a four-component sealing frit of alumina, calcia, ittria, and strontia is effective against chemical attack by sodium or the like at 300°C.
このフリットを用いてサファイヤ板を胴体部に封着する
。胴体部は、サファイヤ成分と同じ多結晶アルミナセラ
ミックスで形成するとよい。それはサファイヤと熱膨張
率が近いこと、またサファイヤと同じように金属蒸気に
耐えるからである。This frit is used to seal the sapphire plate to the body. The body portion is preferably formed of polycrystalline alumina ceramic, which is the same as the sapphire component. This is because it has a similar coefficient of thermal expansion to sapphire, and like sapphire, it can withstand metal vapors.
また、この円筒状の胴体部には封入金属を入れる作業や
排気作業に都合の良いように枝管を配することもできる
。枝管の形状は特に限定しないが、フィルター全体を加
熱容器に入れて使用する際、容器の大きさが小さく出来
るようにするため、円筒と平行になるように曲げること
が望ましい。In addition, branch pipes can be arranged in this cylindrical body portion for convenience in filling the encapsulated metal and exhausting the metal. Although the shape of the branch pipe is not particularly limited, in order to reduce the size of the container when the entire filter is used in a heating container, it is desirable to bend it parallel to the cylinder.
ＩＪＬ二１ 以下、第１図を参照して本発明の詳細な説明する。IJL21 The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIG.
平均粒径０．２μｎ＋、純ｒ！１９９．９９％のアルミ
ナ粉１００部にスピネル（Ｍｇ、１１２０４）０．５部
、イオン交換水６５部、ポリアクリル酸アンモニウム２
部をポットに入れ、アルミナボールととしに２昼夜混合
して泥漿とした。Average particle size 0.2 μn+, pure r! 100 parts of 199.99% alumina powder, 0.5 parts of spinel (Mg, 11204), 65 parts of ion exchange water, 2 parts of ammonium polyacrylate
The mixture was placed in a pot and mixed with alumina balls for two days and nights to form a slurry.
石膏で鋳込用二つ割り型をつくり、胴体部が内径４２．
８１１と高さ７４．０１−を有し、さらに枝管１０とし
て内径１２．１ｍｍを有する割り型を作成した。この型
に泥漿を流し入れ、約１０分後に泥漿を排出した。その
まま室温で乾燥した後、型から成形体をとり出した。A two-part mold for casting was made from plaster, and the body part had an inner diameter of 42mm.
A split mold having a diameter of 811 mm and a height of 74.01 mm and an inner diameter of 12.1 mm as the branch pipe 10 was prepared. The slurry was poured into this mold and drained after about 10 minutes. After drying at room temperature, the molded product was taken out from the mold.
この実施例では第１図に示すように枝管１０の先端部が
円筒部と平行になるように形成 。In this embodiment, the tip of the branch pipe 10 is formed parallel to the cylindrical part as shown in FIG.
されている。has been done.
さらに、室温で一昼夜乾燥させた後、９００℃で仮焼し
、水素雰囲気下で１８００℃で焼成し、得られた焼成体
の胴体部１１の円筒部の上部と底部を平行に切断して研
摩した。Furthermore, after drying at room temperature for a day and night, it was calcined at 900°C and fired at 1800°C in a hydrogen atmosphere, and the top and bottom of the cylindrical part of the body part 11 of the obtained fired body were cut in parallel and polished. did.
円筒部の上端と下端に、アセトンと混合したガラスソル
ダー（またはガラスフリット）１２を塗布し、予め両面
を平行にミラーポリッシュ状態に研摩しておいたサファ
イヤ板１３．１４を取り付けて、約４０ｇの重りをのせ
て、１４５０℃で２時間空気中で加熱して円筒とサファ
イヤ板を封着した。Glass solder (or glass frit) 12 mixed with acetone is applied to the upper and lower ends of the cylindrical part, and sapphire plates 13 and 14, both sides of which have been polished parallel to each other to a mirror polish, are attached. A weight was placed on the cylinder and the cylinder and sapphire plate were sealed together by heating in air at 1450°C for 2 hours.
次に、枝管部１０に高アルミナガラス管を熔着させた。Next, a high alumina glass tube was welded to the branch pipe section 10.
ナトリウム金属を投入した後、このガラス管を真空系に
接続して系内を真空にした。予め耐アルカリガラスフリ
ット１５を表面に熔着しておいた多結晶アルミナ片１６
をアルミナセラミックス枝管端部上に置き、バーナーで
加熱することにより、枝管を封じた。After adding sodium metal, the glass tube was connected to a vacuum system to evacuate the system. Polycrystalline alumina piece 16 with alkali-resistant glass frit 15 welded to its surface in advance
was placed on the end of the alumina ceramic branch pipe and heated with a burner to seal the branch pipe.
これを３００℃に加熱した炉内に設置し、金属ナトリウ
ムを蒸気１７にした。このようにして得られた金属蒸気
セルフイルターを、ナトリウムＤ線スペクトルを吸収す
るフィルターとして１０００時間使用したところ、変質
部は見られず、良好に作動した。第１図では、入射光を
矢印１８で表し、出射光を矢印１９で表している。なお
、加熱用の炉は図示していない。This was placed in a furnace heated to 300°C, and metallic sodium was turned into steam 17. When the thus obtained metal vapor cell filter was used as a filter for absorbing the sodium D-line spectrum for 1000 hours, no deterioration was observed and it worked well. In FIG. 1, the incident light is represented by an arrow 18, and the outgoing light is represented by an arrow 19. Note that a heating furnace is not shown.
次に、第２図を参照して本発明の他の実施例について説
明する。Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
平均粒ｔ！０．５μｏ＋ １純度９９．９５％のアルミ
ナ粉１００部にスピネル（ｌＶＨＩＡＱ２０４）０．３
部、イオン交換水２０部、ポリアクリル酸アンモニウム
０．５部をポット中に入れ、アルミナボールとともに２
昼夜混合して泥漿とした。Average grain T! 0.5 μo+ 1 100 parts of alumina powder with 99.95% purity and 0.3 spinel (lVHIAQ204)
1 part, 20 parts of ion-exchanged water, and 0.5 parts of ammonium polyacrylate were placed in a pot, and 2
The mixture was mixed day and night to form a slurry.
石膏を用い、内径が４０１１１ｉ１１高さが５ Ｑ ｍ
ｍ。Using plaster, the inner diameter is 40111i11 and the height is 5 Q m.
m.
枝管２０の内径が１０ｍ１ｌｌである２つ割り型を製作
し、この型に泥漿を流入し、約５分後に泥漿を排出した
。そのまま室温で乾燥した後、石膏型より成形体を取り
出した。A two-part mold with a branch pipe 20 having an inner diameter of 10 ml was manufactured, the slurry was poured into the mold, and the slurry was discharged after about 5 minutes. After drying at room temperature, the molded body was taken out from the plaster mold.
この実施例では第２図に示すように枝管２０は円筒部に
垂直に終端するように形成されている。In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the branch pipe 20 is formed to terminate perpendicularly to the cylindrical portion.
この成形体を一昼夜乾燥させた後、空気中で１７００℃
で焼成して高純度アルミナセラミックス質の焼成体を製
作した。得られたセラミックスの寸法は、外径が３２１
１１１１１．高さが５０１１１Ｉ１１１肉厚が２１１ｍ
であった。After drying this molded body for a day and night, it was heated to 1700℃ in air.
A fired body made of high-purity alumina ceramics was produced. The dimensions of the obtained ceramics were as follows: the outer diameter was 321 mm.
11111. Height: 50111I111 Thickness: 211m
Met.
チョクラルスキー法で製作したサファイアインゴットか
らＣ軸に直角に板を切り出し、厚さが２１１ｍｍで外径
が３２１１１１の円板２３．２４を製作した。この円板
の両面をダイヤモンド粉を用いて研摩し、表面粗さを０
．０５８とし １こ 。A plate 23.24 having a thickness of 211 mm and an outer diameter of 321111 mm was manufactured by cutting a plate perpendicular to the C axis from a sapphire ingot manufactured by the Czochralski method. Both sides of this disk were polished using diamond powder to reduce the surface roughness to 0.
．． 058 and 1 child.
アルミナ円筒の上、下端にＡｌ！２０３．ＣａＯ，Ｙ２
０３ 、 Ｓｒ Ｏ成分の粉体をアセトンで練ったペー
スト２２を塗布した。アルミナセラミックス円筒の上下
端をサファイア板２３．２４ではさみ、これに４０ｇの
アルミナブロックの重りを乗せ、１４５０℃で２時間空
気中で加熱して封着した。Al on the top and bottom ends of the alumina cylinder! 203. CaO,Y2
03, Paste 22 made by kneading powder of Sr O component with acetone was applied. The upper and lower ends of the alumina ceramic cylinder were sandwiched between sapphire plates 23 and 24, and a 40 g alumina block weight was placed thereon, followed by heating in air at 1450° C. for 2 hours to seal them.
枝管部に高アルミナガラス管を熔着し、カリウム金属片
を投入した後、このガラスを真空系に接続し、系内を真
空にした。その後、予め表面にＡｕ２０３．Ｑａ ｏ、
Ｙ２０３ 、Ｓｒｏを熔着しておいたアルミナセラミッ
クス片２６を枝管端部に置き、バーナーで加熱すること
により、ＡＱ２０３．’Ｃａ’Ｏ，Ｙ２０３ 。A high alumina glass tube was welded to the branch pipe section, and after a potassium metal piece was introduced, the glass was connected to the vacuum system and the system was evacuated. After that, Au203. Qa o,
AQ203. 'Ca'O, Y203.
ＳｒＯ熔着物２５を再熔融して枝管を封じた。The SrO melt 25 was remelted to seal the branch pipe.
これを約２００℃に加熱し、カリウム蒸気２７を発生さ
せ、カリウム蒸気の原子吸光による光学フィルターとし
て用いた。This was heated to about 200° C. to generate potassium vapor 27, which was used as an optical filter based on atomic absorption of potassium vapor.
４０４ ｎｍのスペクトル線の吸収は良好であり、かつ
１０００時間での測定においても、何らの変質部も見ら
れず良好に作動した。なお、第２図において、入射光は
矢印２８で示し、カリウム原子によって４０４ ｎｉｌ
のスペクトル線が吸収された出射光を矢印２９で示して
いる。The absorption of the spectral line of 404 nm was good, and even in the measurement after 1000 hours, no deterioration was observed and the device operated well. Incidentally, in FIG. 2, the incident light is indicated by an arrow 28, and is 404 nil due to the potassium atom.
An arrow 29 indicates the emitted light in which the spectral line is absorbed.
前述の実施例はいずれも円筒形状のものであるが、本発
明の金属蒸気セル光学フィルタ−は円筒形状のものに限
定されない。例えば、断面が多角形である筒形状のもの
でもよい。Although all of the above embodiments have a cylindrical shape, the metal vapor cell optical filter of the present invention is not limited to a cylindrical shape. For example, it may be cylindrical with a polygonal cross section.
１１些立１
本発明の金属蒸気セル光学フィルターは、長時間にわた
って高温の金属蒸気に晒されても、光の透過面が透明に
保たれるので、長時間にわたり光学フィルターとして良
好に使用することができる。11 Minority 1 The metal vapor cell optical filter of the present invention maintains its light transmitting surface transparent even when exposed to high-temperature metal vapor for a long period of time, so it can be used satisfactorily as an optical filter for a long period of time. Can be done.
第１図は本発明の金属蒸気セル光学フィルターの実施例
を示す断面図、第２図は本発明の他の実施例を示す断面
図である。
１０．２０・・・枝管部
１１．２１・・・胴体部
１２．２２・・・ガラスフリット（ソルダー）１３．２
３・・・サファイア板
１４．２４・・・サファイヤ板
１５．２５・・・ガラスフリット
１６．２６・・・多結晶アルミナ片
１７・・・ナトリウム蒸気
２７・・・カリウム蒸気
１８．２８・・・入射光
１９．２９・・・出射光
代 理 人 弁理士 １）辺 徹FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the metal vapor cell optical filter of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. 10.20... Branch pipe part 11.21... Body part 12.22... Glass frit (solder) 13.2
3... Sapphire plate 14.24... Sapphire plate 15.25... Glass frit 16.26... Polycrystalline alumina piece 17... Sodium vapor 27... Potassium vapor 18.28... Incident light 19.29...Outgoing light Agent Patent attorney 1) Toru Bebe
Claims (1)
ミナセラミック焼成体で形成した筒状の胴体部に封着し
、前記２枚のサファイア板と前記胴体部によって形成さ
れた空間の中に吸光作用を有する金属蒸気を閉じこめた
ことを特徴とする金属蒸気セル光学フィルター。1. Two sapphire plates with both sides polished are sealed to a cylindrical body made of fired polycrystalline alumina ceramic, and the space formed by the two sapphire plates and the body is filled with A metal vapor cell optical filter characterized in that it confines metal vapor that has a light-absorbing effect.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP469388A JPH01182801A (en) | 1988-01-14 | 1988-01-14 | Optical filter consisting of metal vapor cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP469388A JPH01182801A (en) | 1988-01-14 | 1988-01-14 | Optical filter consisting of metal vapor cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01182801A true JPH01182801A (en) | 1989-07-20 |
Family
ID=11590969
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP469388A Pending JPH01182801A (en) | 1988-01-14 | 1988-01-14 | Optical filter consisting of metal vapor cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01182801A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008123626A1 (en) * | 2007-04-03 | 2008-10-16 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Composite light emitting tube container |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5221378A (en) * | 1975-08-08 | 1977-02-17 | Kadomi Funahashi | Cuttle tearing apparatus |
| JPS53125884A (en) * | 1977-04-11 | 1978-11-02 | Hitachi Ltd | Absorptive cell |
-
1988
- 1988-01-14 JP JP469388A patent/JPH01182801A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5221378A (en) * | 1975-08-08 | 1977-02-17 | Kadomi Funahashi | Cuttle tearing apparatus |
| JPS53125884A (en) * | 1977-04-11 | 1978-11-02 | Hitachi Ltd | Absorptive cell |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008123626A1 (en) * | 2007-04-03 | 2008-10-16 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Composite light emitting tube container |
| JPWO2008123626A1 (en) * | 2007-04-03 | 2010-07-15 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Composite arc tube container |
| US8092875B2 (en) | 2007-04-03 | 2012-01-10 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Composite luminous vessels |
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