JPH01159576A - Cryostat - Google Patents
CryostatInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01159576A JPH01159576A JP31627887A JP31627887A JPH01159576A JP H01159576 A JPH01159576 A JP H01159576A JP 31627887 A JP31627887 A JP 31627887A JP 31627887 A JP31627887 A JP 31627887A JP H01159576 A JPH01159576 A JP H01159576A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- container
- freezing mixture
- cryogen
- refrigerator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000659 freezing mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
- F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
Landscapes
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、寒剤容器内の圧力制御に係り、特に寒剤を冷
凍機で冷却するのに好適なりライオスタットに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to pressure control within a cryogen container, and particularly to a lyostat suitable for cooling a cryogen with a refrigerator.
従来の装置は、特開昭６１−４２０６号公報に記載のよ
うに寒剤容器内の圧力を大気圧以上の一定の圧力に保つ
ために、寒剤容器内に取付けた圧力センサーと抵抗体発
熱体を連動して、圧力が低下した場合に抵抗体発熱体を
加熱することによって寒剤を蒸発させて寒剤容器の内圧
を上げていた。As described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-4206, the conventional device uses a pressure sensor and a resistive heating element installed inside the cryogen container to maintain the pressure inside the cryogen container at a constant pressure above atmospheric pressure. In conjunction with this, when the pressure drops, the cryogen is evaporated by heating the resistor heating element to increase the internal pressure of the cryogen container.
または、冷凍負荷の温度を検出して冷凍機出力を制御し
ていた。Alternatively, the refrigerator output was controlled by detecting the temperature of the refrigerator load.
上記従来技術は、冷凍機の過冷却をヒータで加熱し、冷
凍機本来の性能を十分に活用していない。The above-mentioned conventional technology uses a heater to heat the subcooled refrigerator, and does not fully utilize the original performance of the refrigerator.
また、寒剤容器は、寒剤の蒸発量をできるかぎり少なく
するため、真空容器内に収納されているので、抵抗体発
熱体（ヒータ）の配線を直空容器の外部まで配線する作
業が必要であること、さらに。In addition, the cryogen container is housed in a vacuum container in order to minimize the amount of cryogen evaporation, so it is necessary to route the wiring for the resistor heating element (heater) to the outside of the direct air container. And even more.
真空容器からの取出には、真空を維持するためリークの
ない高価なハーメチックシール等が必要になっている問
題があった。Removal from the vacuum container has the problem of requiring an expensive hermetic seal that does not leak in order to maintain the vacuum.
また、温度検出方式では、温度センサを導入しなければ
ならないということで、上述のヒータ配線と同様の１題
があった。In addition, the temperature detection method requires the introduction of a temperature sensor, which poses the same problem as the heater wiring described above.
本発明の目的は、上記に示した取扱いがめんどうなヒー
タや温度センサを使用せず、しかも、冷凍機本来の性能
を活用して寒剤容器の内圧を一定に維持することにある
。An object of the present invention is to maintain the internal pressure of a cryogen container constant by utilizing the inherent performance of a refrigerator without using the heater or temperature sensor that is troublesome to handle as described above.
上記目的は、寒剤容器に取付けた冷凍機と寒剤容器内圧
を検出する圧力センサーを連動させ、最少圧力設定値以
下のとき冷凍機を停止し、最大圧力設定値以上のとき復
帰し運転することにより、達成される。The above purpose is achieved by linking the refrigerator attached to the cryogen container with a pressure sensor that detects the internal pressure of the cryogen container, and stopping the refrigerator when the pressure is below the minimum pressure setting, and returning to operation when the pressure is above the maximum pressure setting. , achieved.
寒剤容器に取付けた冷凍機の性能が寒剤容器の侵入熱を
大幅に上回る場合、前記のとおり寒剤容器の内圧が大気
圧以下となり寒剤容器内に大気が流入し、寒剤中に氷と
なって寒剤容器に堆積するため寒剤が劣化すること及び
寒剤注入管内壁に氷結するため管が氷で蓋がされ寒剤注
入が困難になる問題があった。このため、寒剤容器の内
圧は、大気圧以上の一定の圧力に維持することが必須と
なっている０本発明は、上記目的を達成するため、寒剤
容器の内圧を検出する圧力センサーを寒剤注入管の一部
に取付け、オペレータが設定した最大。If the performance of the refrigerator attached to the cryogen container greatly exceeds the heat entering the cryogen container, the internal pressure of the cryogen container will be below atmospheric pressure as described above, and air will flow into the cryogen container, forming ice in the cryogen container and causing the cryogen to leak. There were problems in that the cryogen deteriorated due to accumulation in the container, and ice formed on the inner wall of the cryogen injection tube, making it difficult to inject the cryogen as the tube was covered with ice. Therefore, it is essential to maintain the internal pressure of the cryogen container at a constant pressure higher than atmospheric pressure.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention installs a pressure sensor that detects the internal pressure of the cryogen container when injecting the cryogen. Installed on a section of pipe and set by the operator.
最小圧力値と圧力センサーの信号とを比較して冷凍機の
運転をオン・オフ制御するものである。たとえば、冷凍
機が停止すれば、寒剤容器の侵入熱で寒剤が蒸発するた
め寒剤容器の内圧が上昇する（寒剤容器に寒剤注入後、
寒剤容器を密閉する）。It controls on/off operation of the refrigerator by comparing the minimum pressure value with the signal from the pressure sensor. For example, if the refrigerator stops, the internal pressure of the cryogen container increases because the cryogen evaporates due to the heat entering the cryogen container.
Seal the cryogen container).
寒剤容器の内圧が最大圧力設定値を越えたときに圧力セ
ンサーの検出信号によって冷凍機を起動するようにする
。冷凍機を運転すれば、冷凍機と接続した凝縮器が寒剤
の蒸発ガスを液化するため寒剤容器の内圧は減圧する。When the internal pressure of the cryogen container exceeds the maximum pressure setting value, the refrigerator is activated by a detection signal from the pressure sensor. When the refrigerator is operated, a condenser connected to the refrigerator liquefies the evaporated gas of the refrigerant, thereby reducing the internal pressure of the refrigerant container.
寒剤容器の内圧が最小圧力設定値以下のとき圧力センサ
ーの検出信号によって冷凍機を停止すれば、寒剤容器の
内圧は常に最大最小圧力設定値の範囲内の圧力に保たれ
る。If the refrigerator is stopped based on the detection signal from the pressure sensor when the internal pressure of the cryogen container is below the minimum pressure setting value, the internal pressure of the cryogen container is always maintained within the range of the maximum and minimum pressure setting values.
さらに、最小圧力設定値を大気圧以上の圧力値にするこ
とで、空気が寒剤容器に流入することがないので寒剤の
劣化及び寒剤注入管の氷結がなくなる。Furthermore, by setting the minimum pressure setting to a pressure value higher than atmospheric pressure, air will not flow into the cryogen container, thereby eliminating deterioration of the cryogen and freezing of the cryogen injection pipe.
以下、本発明に係るクライオスタットの一実施例を第１
図と第２図を使って説明する。第１図は、構成、第２図
は、機能を説明するための図を示したものである。１は
、イツトリウム・バリウム・銅の酸化物からなる超電導
線を用いた超電導マグネットで２は超電導マグネット１
を冷却する液体。Hereinafter, one embodiment of the cryostat according to the present invention will be described in the first embodiment.
This will be explained using the diagram and Fig. 2. FIG. 1 shows the configuration, and FIG. 2 shows a diagram for explaining the functions. 1 is a superconducting magnet using a superconducting wire made of oxides of yttrium, barium, and copper; 2 is a superconducting magnet 1
liquid to cool.
窒素等の寒剤である。３は、超電導マグネット１および
寒剤２を収納する寒剤容器で寒剤容器３の内部に凝縮器
４が設置されている。５は、真空容器で寒剤の蒸発量を
少なくするため真空空間２０により真空断熱している。It is a cryogen such as nitrogen. Reference numeral 3 denotes a cryogen container for storing the superconducting magnet 1 and the cryogen 2, and a condenser 4 is installed inside the cryogen container 3. 5 is a vacuum container which is vacuum insulated with a vacuum space 20 to reduce the amount of evaporation of the cryogen.
寒剤容器３には、寒剤２を補給するための注入バイブロ
と超電導マグネット１に電流を供給する電流リード７を
真空容器５の外へ導くための電流リードパイプ８が取付
けられている。９は、寒剤容器３の圧力を検出する圧力
センサーで、その他に圧力センサー９の信号を演算する
機能をも付いているものである。１０は、冷凍機で凝縮
器４を冷却するものである。The cryogen container 3 is equipped with an injection vibro for replenishing the cryogen 2 and a current lead pipe 8 for guiding a current lead 7 for supplying current to the superconducting magnet 1 to the outside of the vacuum container 5. 9 is a pressure sensor that detects the pressure of the cryogen container 3, and also has a function of calculating the signal of the pressure sensor 9. 10 is a refrigerator that cools the condenser 4.
１１は、圧力センサー９の信号を冷凍機１０に伝達する
信号線である。１２と１３はバルブで、１２または１３
の一つは、逆止弁でもよい、１４はガス吐出口である。11 is a signal line that transmits a signal from the pressure sensor 9 to the refrigerator 10. 12 and 13 are valves, 12 or 13
One of them may be a check valve, and 14 is a gas discharge port.
第２図を使って動作の説明をする。第１図の冷凍機１０
は、寒剤２の蒸発がなくなるような十分な冷凍能力を持
つ。冷凍機１０を運転する以前は、寒剤容器３の侵入熱
で寒剤が蒸発している。このため、バルブ１３を開き、
寒剤容器内の圧力上昇をさける。冷凍機１０の運転をは
じめると寒剤容器３の内部の凝縮機４でガスの液化が起
こるため、寒剤容器３の圧力が低下してくる。寒剤容器
３の内圧は大気圧以下では、これまで蒸発していたガス
の吐出口１４から逆に空気が寒剤容器に流れ込む、これ
を避けるため、寒剤容器３の内圧が約０ 、１ ｋｇ／
ｃｓ”Ｇ以下になったときバルブ１３を閉め寒剤容器を
密閉する。冷凍機１０の運転を続けたときの圧力と時間
の関係を第２図を使用して説明する。冷凍機運転開始時
刻ｔｏのとき、圧力は最大圧力設定値Ｐ ｍａｔと最少
圧力設定値Ｐ ＋ａｌｎの間のＰｏである。このときは
、冷凍機１０が運転状態に入る。従って、凝縮器４が冷
凍機で冷却されているので寒剤２の蒸発ガスは凝縮器４
で液化された寒剤容器３の圧力は徐々に低下する。寒剤
容器３の内圧が最少圧力設定値と同値または、それ以下
になった時刻ｔｌでは、圧力センサー９から冷凍機１０
に停止命令が入る。冷凍機１０が停止したときは、凝縮
器４の温度が上昇してくるので液化は起こらない。この
ため、寒剤容器３の内圧は時間とともに上昇していく。The operation will be explained using Figure 2. Refrigerator 10 in Fig. 1
has sufficient freezing capacity to eliminate evaporation of cryogen 2. Before the refrigerator 10 is operated, the cryogen is evaporated by the heat entering the cryogen container 3. For this reason, open the valve 13 and
Avoid pressure buildup inside the cryogen container. When the refrigerator 10 starts operating, gas is liquefied in the condenser 4 inside the cryogen container 3, so that the pressure in the cryogen container 3 decreases. If the internal pressure of the cryogen container 3 is below atmospheric pressure, air will flow into the cryogen container from the discharge port 14 of the gas that has been evaporated.To avoid this, the internal pressure of the cryogen container 3 is set to about 0.1 kg/
cs"G or less, the valve 13 is closed and the cryogen container is sealed. The relationship between pressure and time when the refrigerator 10 continues to operate will be explained using FIG. 2.The refrigerator operation start time to At this time, the pressure is Po between the maximum pressure setting value P mat and the minimum pressure setting value P + aln. At this time, the refrigerator 10 enters the operating state. Therefore, the condenser 4 is cooled by the refrigerator. Therefore, the evaporated gas of cryogen 2 is transferred to condenser 4.
The pressure in the liquefied cryogen container 3 gradually decreases. At time tl when the internal pressure of the cryogen container 3 becomes equal to or less than the minimum pressure setting value, the pressure sensor 9 sends a signal to the refrigerator 10.
receives a stop command. When the refrigerator 10 is stopped, the temperature of the condenser 4 rises, so liquefaction does not occur. Therefore, the internal pressure of the cryogen container 3 increases with time.
そして、圧力センサー９が最大圧力設定値を検知した時
刻ｔ２では、冷凍機１０が再起動する信号命令が出るよ
うにする。冷凍機１０が再運転すると凝縮器４は再び冷
却され凝縮器４でガスの液化が起こり寒剤容器３の圧力
は低下してゆく。このように、寒剤容器３の圧力、圧力
センサー９からの命令で断続的な運転となるため最大、
最小圧力設定値間を往復する。また、冷凍機動作時間は
、ｔｏからｔｌとｔ２からｔ８と断続的になるので従来
より少なくすることができる。このため、電気代も節約
できる利点がある。さらに、冷凍機１０の本体内のデエ
スプレーサー（図示せず）の○リングの摩耗も少なくな
るので冷凍機１０のメンテナンス期間も従来より長くな
る。なお、寒剤容器３としては、より低い温度で動作す
る物体（例えば液体ヘリウム温度で動作する超電導コイ
ル）を囲むシールドであってもよい、その場合、寒剤容
器３には超電導マグネット１は収納されていない０以上
のとおり、寒剤容器内圧を検出する圧力センサーと冷凍
機とを連動することで、寒剤容器内に空気が流入するの
がなくなるとともに、冷凍機の電気代の節約や冷凍機の
メンテナンス期間の長期化が行える利点がある。Then, at time t2 when the pressure sensor 9 detects the maximum pressure setting value, a signal command to restart the refrigerator 10 is issued. When the refrigerator 10 is restarted, the condenser 4 is cooled again, the gas is liquefied in the condenser 4, and the pressure in the cryogen container 3 decreases. In this way, the pressure of the cryogen container 3 and the commands from the pressure sensor 9 result in intermittent operation, so the maximum
Cycles between minimum pressure settings. Furthermore, the refrigerator operating time is intermittently from to to tl and from t2 to t8, so it can be made shorter than before. Therefore, there is an advantage that electricity costs can also be saved. Furthermore, since the wear of the o-ring of the de-esplacer (not shown) in the main body of the refrigerator 10 is reduced, the maintenance period for the refrigerator 10 is also longer than before. Note that the cryogen container 3 may be a shield that surrounds an object that operates at a lower temperature (for example, a superconducting coil that operates at liquid helium temperature); in that case, the superconducting magnet 1 is not housed in the cryogen container 3. By linking the pressure sensor that detects the internal pressure of the cryogen container with the refrigerator, air will not flow into the cryogen container, and the electricity bill for the refrigerator will be saved and the maintenance period of the refrigerator will be reduced. It has the advantage of being able to last for a long time.
本発明によれば、冷凍機を断続的に運転して寒剤容器内
に大気が侵入することを防げるので電気代が従来よりも
少なくてすむこと及び冷凍機のメンテナンス期間が長く
なる効果がある。According to the present invention, since the refrigerator can be operated intermittently to prevent air from entering the cryogen container, the electricity bill can be reduced compared to the conventional method, and the maintenance period for the refrigerator can be lengthened.
第１図は本発明の一実施例に係るクライオスタットの断
面図、第２図は第１図の寒剤容器内圧の応答を示した特
性図である。
３・・・寒剤容器、４・・・凝縮器、９・・・圧力セン
サー。
１０・・・冷凍機。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a cryostat according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing the response of the internal pressure of the cryogen container shown in FIG. 3...Cryogen container, 4...Condenser, 9...Pressure sensor. 10... Refrigerator.
Claims (1)
れた凝縮器を前記寒剤容器内に取り付けて成るクライオ
スタットにおいて、圧力センサを前記寒剤容器と連通し
たパイプに接続してその圧力センサーの信号で冷凍機の
運転をオン・オフ制御することを特徴とするクライオス
タット。1. In a cryostat in which a cryogen container is housed in a vacuum container and a condenser connected to a refrigerator is installed inside the cryogen container, a pressure sensor is connected to a pipe communicating with the cryogen container, and the pressure sensor is connected to a pipe communicating with the cryogen container. A cryostat that is characterized by controlling the operation of the refrigerator on and off using signals.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31627887A JPH01159576A (en) | 1987-12-16 | 1987-12-16 | Cryostat |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31627887A JPH01159576A (en) | 1987-12-16 | 1987-12-16 | Cryostat |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01159576A true JPH01159576A (en) | 1989-06-22 |
Family
ID=18075325
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31627887A Pending JPH01159576A (en) | 1987-12-16 | 1987-12-16 | Cryostat |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01159576A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04116363A (en) * | 1990-09-05 | 1992-04-16 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Cryogenic apparatus |
| EP1376033A3 (en) * | 2002-06-28 | 2005-08-03 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Preserving system |
| US7251949B2 (en) | 2004-02-09 | 2007-08-07 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Refrigerant system |
| WO2006125060A3 (en) * | 2005-05-17 | 2007-11-01 | Praxair Technology Inc | Cryogenic biological preservation unit with active cooling |
| WO2014147158A1 (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2014-09-25 | Sartorius Stedim North America Inc. | Monitoring of the freezing state of a biopharmaceutical fluid found in a container |
| US10005575B2 (en) | 2013-03-22 | 2018-06-26 | Sartorius Stedim North America Inc. | Facility and method for producing a container loaded with a biopharmaceutical fluid |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5197047A (en) * | 1975-02-21 | 1976-08-26 | ||
| JPH01111183A (en) * | 1987-10-23 | 1989-04-27 | Hitachi Ltd | Liquefied-gas storage vessel |
-
1987
- 1987-12-16 JP JP31627887A patent/JPH01159576A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5197047A (en) * | 1975-02-21 | 1976-08-26 | ||
| JPH01111183A (en) * | 1987-10-23 | 1989-04-27 | Hitachi Ltd | Liquefied-gas storage vessel |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04116363A (en) * | 1990-09-05 | 1992-04-16 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Cryogenic apparatus |
| EP1376033A3 (en) * | 2002-06-28 | 2005-08-03 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Preserving system |
| US7251949B2 (en) | 2004-02-09 | 2007-08-07 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Refrigerant system |
| WO2006125060A3 (en) * | 2005-05-17 | 2007-11-01 | Praxair Technology Inc | Cryogenic biological preservation unit with active cooling |
| WO2014147158A1 (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2014-09-25 | Sartorius Stedim North America Inc. | Monitoring of the freezing state of a biopharmaceutical fluid found in a container |
| FR3003644A1 (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2014-09-26 | Sartorius Stedim North America Inc | CHECKING THE FREEZING STATE OF A BIOPHARMACEUTICAL FLUID IN A CONTAINER. |
| US10005575B2 (en) | 2013-03-22 | 2018-06-26 | Sartorius Stedim North America Inc. | Facility and method for producing a container loaded with a biopharmaceutical fluid |
| US10031033B2 (en) | 2013-03-22 | 2018-07-24 | Sartorius Stedim North America Inc. | Monitoring of the freezing state of a biopharmaceutical fluid found in a container |
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