JPH0115698Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

【考案の詳細な説明】 本考案は、断面が箱形に溶接された鋼橋用橋梁
部材に関するものであり、とくに上板と側板との
溶接継手を改善し品質と経済性の向上をはかつた
箱形橋梁部材に関するものである。[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to bridge members for steel bridges that have a box-shaped cross section and are welded together.In particular, the welded joint between the top plate and the side plate is improved to improve quality and economic efficiency. This relates to box-shaped bridge members.

従来の箱形橋梁部材の上板の代表的な溶接継手
を第１図ないし第４図に示す。これらのうち、第
１図に示されるすみ肉溶接により箱形にした橋梁
部材はガセツト部のように側板が突出する場合、
第５図に示したように、溶接が変化せざるを得ず
このことは溶接の自動化を困難とし、溶接品質の
低下を招く。なお、第１図のすみ肉溶接におい
て、上板の下面を側板上端より上板の厚みより小
さい寸法だけ下げて溶接してなる溶接構造が示さ
れているが、これはすみ肉溶接が適用される角部
を形成するためのものであつて、後述する本考案
の完全溶け込み溶接の溶接量を調整するものでは
ない。 Typical welded joints of the upper plates of conventional box-shaped bridge members are shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. Among these, when a bridge member made into a box shape by fillet welding shown in Fig. 1 has side plates protruding like a gusset part,
As shown in FIG. 5, the welding process has to change, which makes it difficult to automate the welding process and leads to a decrease in welding quality. In addition, Fig. 1 shows a welded structure in which the bottom surface of the top plate is welded below the top edge of the side plate by a dimension smaller than the thickness of the top plate, but fillet welding is applied to this. It is for forming a corner, and is not for adjusting the welding amount of full penetration welding of the present invention, which will be described later.

また、第２図に示されるすみ肉溶接において
は、側板が上板より突出しているので、水やゴミ
がたまつて錆の発生原因になるので、上板が下に
なるようにする必要があり使用方法が限定され
る。 Also, in the fillet welding shown in Figure 2, the side plate protrudes from the top plate, so water and dirt can accumulate and cause rust, so the top plate must be on the bottom. Yes, usage is limited.

また、第３図に示される部分溶け込み溶接にお
いては、現状の溶接技術ではルート部の溶接欠陥
たとえば溶け込み不整やブローホール等をなくす
ことは困難であり、くり返し応力に対してルート
部からのクラツクが発生し易い。 In addition, in the partial penetration welding shown in Figure 3, it is difficult to eliminate weld defects at the root part, such as uneven penetration and blowholes, using current welding technology, and cracks from the root part due to repeated stress are difficult to eliminate. Easy to occur.

さらに、部分溶け込み溶接の欠点を補うために
第４図に示される裏あて金４を伴なう完全溶け込
み溶接とした場合は、裏あて金部が溶け込まない
で結局部分溶け込み溶接と同じになり、しかも上
板の全厚にわたる溶接が行われるので不必要に溶
接量が多くなり、著しく経済性が悪化する。ま
た、残留応力に対しても不利であり、かつ溶接に
よる変形も大きくなる。 Furthermore, if full penetration welding with a backing metal 4 shown in Fig. 4 is used to compensate for the drawbacks of partial penetration welding, the backing metal part will not melt and the result will be the same as partial penetration welding. Moreover, since welding is performed over the entire thickness of the upper plate, the amount of welding becomes unnecessarily large, which significantly deteriorates economic efficiency. Further, it is disadvantageous in terms of residual stress, and deformation due to welding becomes large.

これらの問題を解消するために、本考案は、箱
形橋梁部材の角部溶接を完全溶け込み溶接とし、
しかも溶接量を必要最小限とすることを可能とす
ることにより、箱形を構成する際の溶接の品質お
よび経済性の向上をはかることを目的とする。 In order to solve these problems, the present invention uses full penetration welding for corner welding of box-shaped bridge members.
Moreover, by making it possible to minimize the amount of welding required, the object is to improve the quality and economic efficiency of welding when constructing a box shape.

この目的に沿う本考案の箱形橋梁部材は、上
板、下板、両側板の鋼板を断面箱形にして角部を
溶接接合して形成した橋梁部材において、前記角
部の溶接構造を、上板の幅方向端部に開先をとり
上板の幅方向端部と側板の内面との間に行なわれ
る裏あて金を用いない完全溶け込み溶接によつて
構成し、該完全溶け込み溶接を、上板の上面を側
板の上端面より上方に位置させかつ上板の下面を
側板の上端面より溶接ののど厚の必要寸法だけ下
げて側板上端面から上板下面までの間にわたつて
行なわれる完全溶け込み溶接としたものからる。 The box-shaped bridge member of the present invention that meets this purpose is a bridge member formed by making the cross-sections of the steel plates of the upper plate, lower plate, and both side plates box-shaped and welding and joining the corners. A bevel is formed at the widthwise end of the top plate, and the complete penetration welding is performed between the widthwise end of the top plate and the inner surface of the side plate without using a backing metal, and the complete penetration welding is performed by This is done by positioning the top surface of the top plate above the top surface of the side plate and lowering the bottom surface of the top plate from the top surface of the side plate by the required dimension for the throat thickness of the welding, extending from the top surface of the side plate to the bottom surface of the top plate. It consists of complete penetration welding.

上記の本考案の箱形橋梁部材においては、角部
でありながら裏あて金を用いない溶接構造を適用
したために、すみ肉溶接や部分溶け込み溶接に必
然的に存在していた溶接欠陥を除去できる。裏あ
て金を用いないでも溶接部の裏側にガラステープ
などを配しておくことにより溶接金属の落ちを妨
ぐことができ、ガラステープ等は裏あて金と違つ
て橋梁部材を外側からたたくことによつてこわれ
て落下して除去されるので、裏あて金を残した溶
接部のように部分溶け込み溶接を構成せず、完全
溶け込み溶接を角部でありながら得ることができ
る。 In the above-mentioned box-shaped bridge member of the present invention, the welding structure that does not use a backing metal is applied even though it is a corner part, so welding defects that inevitably exist in fillet welding and partial penetration welding can be eliminated. . Even if you do not use a backing metal, you can prevent the weld metal from falling by placing glass tape on the back side of the welded part. Unlike the backing metal, glass tape can be used to hit the bridge member from the outside. Since the weld is broken by the metal and falls and is removed, it is possible to obtain a full penetration weld at the corner, rather than forming a partial penetration weld as in the case of a weld where the backing metal remains.

また、完全溶け込み溶接は通常の溶接構造では
上板の全厚にわたつて行なわれるが、それを橋梁
部材に適用すると、すなわち、橋の自重や橋を通
る車両等の重量を含む荷重によつて橋梁部材中に
生じるいわゆる１次応力に（その許容応力に対し
て）余裕を残したまま、橋のたわみを許容値内に
おさめるために、上板の厚さを厚くしなければな
らない事態が生じる橋梁部材の上板と側板の溶接
に、上板全厚に及ぶ溶け込み溶接を施すと、溶接
量が多くなるという問題が生じる。しかし、本考
案では上板の上面を側板の上端面より上方に位置
させかつ上板の下面を側板上端面より溶接ののど
厚の必要寸法だけ下げて側板上端面から上板下面
までの間にわたつて行なわれる溶接としたので、
溶接を上板の全厚にわたつて行なう必要がなく、
溶接量を必要最小限に設定でき、経済性が向上す
る。 In addition, full penetration welding is performed over the entire thickness of the upper plate in normal welded structures, but when applied to bridge members, it is possible to In order to keep the deflection of the bridge within the allowable value while leaving some margin for the so-called primary stress generated in the bridge members (relative to the allowable stress), a situation arises in which the thickness of the upper plate must be increased. When welding the upper and side plates of a bridge member by penetration welding that covers the entire thickness of the upper plate, a problem arises in that the amount of welding increases. However, in the present invention, the upper surface of the upper plate is positioned above the upper end surface of the side plate, and the lower surface of the upper plate is lowered from the upper end surface of the side plate by the required dimension of the welding throat thickness, so that there is a gap between the upper end surface of the side plate and the lower surface of the upper plate. Since the welding is done across the board,
There is no need to weld the entire thickness of the top plate,
The amount of welding can be set to the minimum necessary, improving economic efficiency.

すなわち、完全溶け溶接によつてノツチなしと
した溶接部の信頼性の向上と、完全溶け込み溶接
でありながら溶接量を必要最小限に設定できると
いう経済性の確保とが、両立して得られ、従来の
溶接方法になかつた作用効果が得られる。 In other words, it is possible to achieve both improved reliability of the welded part without notches through complete penetration welding, and to ensure economy by being able to set the amount of welding to the necessary minimum while using complete penetration welding. Effects not found in conventional welding methods can be obtained.

以下に本考案の箱形橋梁部材の望ましい実施例
を図面を参照して説明する。 Preferred embodiments of the box-shaped bridge member of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

第６図は、本考案の実施例に係る箱形橋梁部材
の横断面を示しており、第７図は第６図のＡ部を
拡大したものである。 FIG. 6 shows a cross section of a box-shaped bridge member according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of section A in FIG. 6.

上板１、両側板２，２および下板３を断面箱形
に配設し、それらを角部で溶接接合して橋梁部材
を作製する。上板１はその幅が側板２の内面間寸
法より小さく形成され、上板１の端縁と側板２の
内面間には溶接前に適当なギヤツプが形成されて
いる。さらに上板１の両端縁には上方に向つて拡
開する適当な開先が加工されている。前記上板１
と側板２のギヤツプおよび上板１の開先形状は、
裏あて金を用いない完全溶け込み溶接用ギヤツ
プ、開先形状に設定されており、溶接方法および
溶接条件を考慮して適当に設定することができる
が、たとえば望ましい開先ギヤツプの値として４
mmないし10mm程度、望ましい角度として35度ない
し45程度の値をとることができる。 The upper plate 1, the side plates 2, 2, and the lower plate 3 are arranged in a box-shaped cross section, and are welded and joined at the corners to produce a bridge member. The width of the upper plate 1 is smaller than the dimension between the inner surfaces of the side plates 2, and a suitable gap is formed between the edge of the upper plate 1 and the inner surface of the side plates 2 before welding. Further, both end edges of the upper plate 1 are machined with appropriate grooves that widen upward. The upper plate 1
The gap of the side plate 2 and the groove shape of the upper plate 1 are as follows.
A gap for full penetration welding without using a backing metal, the groove shape can be set appropriately considering the welding method and welding conditions, but for example, the desired groove gap value is 4.
It can take a value of about mm to 10 mm, and a desirable angle of about 35 degrees to 45 degrees.

上板１は、その上面が側板２の上端面２ａより
上方に位置し、その下面１ａが側板２の上端面２
ａから溶接ののど厚の必要寸法だけ下がるように
位置が設定されている。この上板１の上下方向の
位置設定は、橋梁部材の長手方向に適当な間隔で
挿入されるダイヤフラムなどにより行なわれ、上
板１と側板２の溶接継手４は裏あて金を用いない
完全溶け込み溶接とされている。また、上板端縁
と側板内面とのギヤツプ部すなわち溶接継手４の
ルート部のルートギヤツプが大きく設定される場
合は、適当な形状のガラステープ等から成る非金
属製の裏当て材（裏あて金ではない）を使用して
もよい。この場合裏あて材は非金属製のため上板
１、側板２と溶接時に一体化しない。 The upper surface of the upper plate 1 is located above the upper end surface 2a of the side plate 2, and the lower surface 1a is located above the upper end surface 2a of the side plate 2.
The position is set so that it is lower than a by the required dimension of the welding throat thickness. The vertical positioning of the top plate 1 is performed by diaphragms inserted at appropriate intervals in the longitudinal direction of the bridge member, and the welded joint 4 between the top plate 1 and the side plate 2 is completely welded without using a backing metal. It is considered to be welding. In addition, if the gap between the edge of the top plate and the inner surface of the side plate, that is, the root gap of the weld joint 4, is set to be large, use a nonmetallic backing material (backing material) made of glass tape or the like of an appropriate shape. ) may be used. In this case, since the backing material is made of nonmetallic material, it is not integrated with the top plate 1 and the side plates 2 during welding.

側板２と下板３は従来のすみ肉溶接が施されて
いる。 The side plates 2 and the lower plate 3 are welded with conventional fillet welds.

つぎに、以上のように構成された本考案の箱形
橋梁部材における作用・効果について説明する。 Next, the functions and effects of the box-shaped bridge member of the present invention configured as described above will be explained.

上板の側板に対する溶接継手が裏あて金を用い
ない完全溶け込み溶接となつているので、上板と
側板間には鋭利な切欠部（ノツチ）がなく応力集
中が少ない。したがつてこの溶接継手部はくり返
し応力に対し十分な強度と信頼性を有している。 Since the welding joint between the top plate and the side plate is a full penetration weld without using a backing metal, there are no sharp notches between the top plate and the side plate, reducing stress concentration. Therefore, this welded joint has sufficient strength and reliability against repeated stress.

また、完全溶け込み溶接を使用しているにもか
かわらず、上板上面を側板上端面より上方に位置
させるとともに、上板下面の側板上端面からの下
げ代を適宜設定することにより簡単に溶接継手の
のど厚を調整でき、実施例では必要な溶接強度を
もたせるだけののど厚に設定されているため、板
厚全厚にわたつて行なわれる完全溶け込み溶接に
比べ大幅に溶接量を低減できる。この溶接量の低
減により、経済性が確保される他、残留応力や溶
接による部材の変形も抑えることができる。 In addition, even though full penetration welding is used, welding joints can be easily welded by positioning the top surface of the top plate above the top end surface of the side plate and appropriately setting the lowering distance of the bottom surface of the top plate from the top end surface of the side plate. The throat thickness can be adjusted, and in the example, the throat thickness is set to a value that provides the necessary welding strength, so the amount of welding can be significantly reduced compared to full penetration welding, which is performed over the entire plate thickness. This reduction in the amount of welding not only ensures economic efficiency but also suppresses residual stress and deformation of the member due to welding.

このように、本考案により、溶接品質を向上し
かつ経済性の向上をはかることができる。 As described above, the present invention makes it possible to improve welding quality and improve economic efficiency.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図ないし第４図は従来の代表的な溶接方法
を示した図、第５図は第１図の溶接方法の側板突
出部材における溶着部分の変化を示した図、第６
図は本考案の実施例の横断面図、第７図は第６図
におけるＡ部の拡大図、である。 １……上板、２……側板、３……下板、４……
上板溶接継手。 Figures 1 to 4 are diagrams showing typical conventional welding methods, Figure 5 is a diagram showing changes in the welded part of the side plate protruding member in the welding method of Figure 1, and Figure 6
The figure is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of section A in FIG. 6. 1... Upper plate, 2... Side plate, 3... Lower plate, 4...
Top plate welded joint.

Claims (1)

【実用新案登録請求の範囲】[Scope of utility model registration request] 上板、下板、両側板の鋼板を断面箱形にして角
部を溶接接合して形成した橋梁部材において、前
記角部の溶接構造を、上板の幅方向端部に開先を
とり上板の幅方向端部と側板の内面との間に行な
われる裏あて金を用いない完全溶け込み溶接によ
つて構成し、該完全溶け込み溶接を、上板の上面
を側板の上端面より上方に位置させかつ上板の下
面を側板の上端面より溶接ののど厚の必要寸法だ
け下げて側板上端面から上板下面までの間にわた
つて行なわれる完全溶け込み溶接としたことを特
徴とする箱形橋梁部材。 In a bridge member formed by making the steel plates of the upper plate, lower plate, and both sides box-shaped and welding the corners, the welded structure of the corners is created by creating a bevel at the widthwise end of the upper plate It is constructed by full penetration welding without using a backing metal between the widthwise end of the plate and the inner surface of the side plate, and the full penetration welding is performed with the upper surface of the upper plate above the upper end surface of the side plate. A box-shaped bridge characterized in that the lower surface of the upper plate is lowered from the upper end surface of the side plate by the required dimension of the welding throat thickness, and full penetration welding is performed from the upper end surface of the side plate to the lower surface of the upper plate. Element.